CA1137326A - Multi-compartment sump and method and apparatus for making same - Google Patents
Multi-compartment sump and method and apparatus for making sameInfo
- Publication number
- CA1137326A CA1137326A CA000362648A CA362648A CA1137326A CA 1137326 A CA1137326 A CA 1137326A CA 000362648 A CA000362648 A CA 000362648A CA 362648 A CA362648 A CA 362648A CA 1137326 A CA1137326 A CA 1137326A
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- sump
- frame
- forms
- shaped
- apertures
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/14—Devices for separating liquid or solid substances from sewage, e.g. sand or sludge traps, rakes or grates
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A B S T R A C T
A multi-compartment sump or reservoir, method of constructing same and forming apparatus for use in constructing same are described. The sump is provided with a frame extending above the tops of the walls of the sump and generally parallel to the top for facilitating installation of the sump under a building floor or the like.
The frame is conveniently made of angle irons attached to the top of the sump by means of support posts embedded in the concrete walls of the sump. The forming apparatus is particularly adapted to the construction of this sump.
The sump is conveniently provided with pre-installed pipe couplings.
A multi-compartment sump or reservoir, method of constructing same and forming apparatus for use in constructing same are described. The sump is provided with a frame extending above the tops of the walls of the sump and generally parallel to the top for facilitating installation of the sump under a building floor or the like.
The frame is conveniently made of angle irons attached to the top of the sump by means of support posts embedded in the concrete walls of the sump. The forming apparatus is particularly adapted to the construction of this sump.
The sump is conveniently provided with pre-installed pipe couplings.
Description
1~373Z6 The present invention relates to a device for use asa sump or reservoir. The present invention also relates to forming apparatus and a method of using the forming apparatus to construct the sump.
BACKGR~UND ~F THE INVENTION
Sumps or sump pits are typically used in warehouses or in facilities where cars or trucks are washed. The sump is embedded in the floor of such workplaces and a metal grating is placed over the sump to allow water and particulate matter to flow into the sump. The particulate matter settles to the bottom of the sump and the water passes out through an opening in one end of the sump which is connected to a trench or directly to a sewage system.
Typically, sumps are cast in concrete and inserted below the floor of a warehouse or other such location prior to the pouring of the concrete floor. At present, precast concrete sumps with two compartments are used with a central dividing wall partitioning one compartment of the sump from the other. The central divider has a relatively large roughly-shaped aperture near the top of the divider, and a similaraperture at one end of the sump. When the sump is lowered into place, a plumber must fit the pipes into the apertures and concrete must be poured around the pipes to provide a seal and to hold the pipes in place.
Such two-compartment sumps are difficult to transport and move into place below a floor, since there are no suitable attachments on such sumps for attaching a liftinq device.
Typically, such sumps are moved into place by placing a chain around the sump, lifting the sump and lowering it into place below the floor. It is difficult to anchor the sump to the ~f~
.
floor when the concrete is poured for the floor. A frame can be placed on top of the sump before the floor is poured to provide an anchor with the floor. However, the frame is merely placed on top of the sump and as the concrete is poured for the floor, the frame tends to move. It is therefore difficult to obtain an accurately positioned frame. In addition, the resultant inaccuracies in the final placement of the frame may result in a loose fit and consequent leakage. This is particularly disadvantageous since if there are leaks, liquid run-off might flow outside the sump below the floor rather than into the compartments of the sump.
In some locations, it is desirable to have a direct coupling of the sump outlet to a sewage system. In other locations, passing effluent from the sump outlet into a trench is preferable. In this latter instance, a portion of the end of the sump which is to communicate with the trench is knocked out of the end wall of the sump. Typically, such a cut out is created by using a sledge hammer and knocking out the upper portion of the end wall of the sump. This can result in a less than accurate alignment of the cut out with the trench.
There are a number of disadvantages associated with the use of the two-compartment precast concrete sump described above. It is difficult for a plumber to position pipes in the dividing wall of the sump and in the end wall of the sump since the holes provided are rough in shape and significantly larger in diameter than is required for the pipes that are placed through the holes. Additional concrete must be poured about the pipe, and it is difficult to obtain a level placing of the pipes when the concrete is poured. In addition, it is time-consuming and difficult to pour concrete about the pipes in theholes provided.
Another disadvantage of the precast sump is that it is difficult to transport and to move into place at a work site. It is difficult to place a chain or chains about the sump and move it into place below the floor.
There are various methods for constructing hollow concrete articles such as a two-compartment sump. Canadian Patent No. 557,451 (Francis, et al., issued 13 May, 1958) discloses one such apparatus for constructing a hollow concrete article. Francis discloses the use of an outer interlocking rectangular form and an inner collapsible form structure activated by a toggle mechanism. The mechanism for collapsing the inner form is relatively complex and a cylinder is required in order to pressure activate the collapsing mechanism. In addition, the entire structure has to be lifted in order to remove the inner form once it has been collapsed.
Canadian Patent No. 593,753 (Mitchell, issued 1 March, 1960) discloses a mould for making concrete vaults, septic tanks and the like. The Mitchell apparatus requires relatively complex locking mechanisms to secure the outer forms. Once the concrete has been poured and the concrete sets, the entire mould has to be lifted to separate the inner form from the concrete. Once lifted, the outer form and the concrete must be rotated 180 and the outer forms are then unlocked. A crane then lifts the outer forms away from the concrete structure.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The foregoing disadvantages are overcome by the present invention which consists of a novel sump and a method ` 31L~IL373~6 and apparatus for constructing the sump~
The present invention is directed to a sump comprising a plurality of adjoining compartments and a generally open Erame having frame elements lying in a plane off set from, and yenerally parallel to, the top of the compartments. One or more of the compartments may be in communication with one or more of the other compartments.
The present invention is also directed to forming apparatus for constructing a sump or tank for use in the floor of a work place. The apparatus includes an outer shellr a frarne, suspending means, an inner form and means for securing the inner form to the frame. The suspending means is used for suspending the frame in a plane above, and generally parallel to, the outer form. Two or more outer forms suitable for connection in series may be provided to form the outer shell.
Mating elements may also be provided for locking the outer forms together to form the outer shell.
The present invention is also directed to a method of ;
construc~ing a sump or tank for use in the floor of a work place. The method comprises the steps of (1) suspending a frame in a plane above, and generally parallel to, an outer form; and
BACKGR~UND ~F THE INVENTION
Sumps or sump pits are typically used in warehouses or in facilities where cars or trucks are washed. The sump is embedded in the floor of such workplaces and a metal grating is placed over the sump to allow water and particulate matter to flow into the sump. The particulate matter settles to the bottom of the sump and the water passes out through an opening in one end of the sump which is connected to a trench or directly to a sewage system.
Typically, sumps are cast in concrete and inserted below the floor of a warehouse or other such location prior to the pouring of the concrete floor. At present, precast concrete sumps with two compartments are used with a central dividing wall partitioning one compartment of the sump from the other. The central divider has a relatively large roughly-shaped aperture near the top of the divider, and a similaraperture at one end of the sump. When the sump is lowered into place, a plumber must fit the pipes into the apertures and concrete must be poured around the pipes to provide a seal and to hold the pipes in place.
Such two-compartment sumps are difficult to transport and move into place below a floor, since there are no suitable attachments on such sumps for attaching a liftinq device.
Typically, such sumps are moved into place by placing a chain around the sump, lifting the sump and lowering it into place below the floor. It is difficult to anchor the sump to the ~f~
.
floor when the concrete is poured for the floor. A frame can be placed on top of the sump before the floor is poured to provide an anchor with the floor. However, the frame is merely placed on top of the sump and as the concrete is poured for the floor, the frame tends to move. It is therefore difficult to obtain an accurately positioned frame. In addition, the resultant inaccuracies in the final placement of the frame may result in a loose fit and consequent leakage. This is particularly disadvantageous since if there are leaks, liquid run-off might flow outside the sump below the floor rather than into the compartments of the sump.
In some locations, it is desirable to have a direct coupling of the sump outlet to a sewage system. In other locations, passing effluent from the sump outlet into a trench is preferable. In this latter instance, a portion of the end of the sump which is to communicate with the trench is knocked out of the end wall of the sump. Typically, such a cut out is created by using a sledge hammer and knocking out the upper portion of the end wall of the sump. This can result in a less than accurate alignment of the cut out with the trench.
There are a number of disadvantages associated with the use of the two-compartment precast concrete sump described above. It is difficult for a plumber to position pipes in the dividing wall of the sump and in the end wall of the sump since the holes provided are rough in shape and significantly larger in diameter than is required for the pipes that are placed through the holes. Additional concrete must be poured about the pipe, and it is difficult to obtain a level placing of the pipes when the concrete is poured. In addition, it is time-consuming and difficult to pour concrete about the pipes in theholes provided.
Another disadvantage of the precast sump is that it is difficult to transport and to move into place at a work site. It is difficult to place a chain or chains about the sump and move it into place below the floor.
There are various methods for constructing hollow concrete articles such as a two-compartment sump. Canadian Patent No. 557,451 (Francis, et al., issued 13 May, 1958) discloses one such apparatus for constructing a hollow concrete article. Francis discloses the use of an outer interlocking rectangular form and an inner collapsible form structure activated by a toggle mechanism. The mechanism for collapsing the inner form is relatively complex and a cylinder is required in order to pressure activate the collapsing mechanism. In addition, the entire structure has to be lifted in order to remove the inner form once it has been collapsed.
Canadian Patent No. 593,753 (Mitchell, issued 1 March, 1960) discloses a mould for making concrete vaults, septic tanks and the like. The Mitchell apparatus requires relatively complex locking mechanisms to secure the outer forms. Once the concrete has been poured and the concrete sets, the entire mould has to be lifted to separate the inner form from the concrete. Once lifted, the outer form and the concrete must be rotated 180 and the outer forms are then unlocked. A crane then lifts the outer forms away from the concrete structure.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The foregoing disadvantages are overcome by the present invention which consists of a novel sump and a method ` 31L~IL373~6 and apparatus for constructing the sump~
The present invention is directed to a sump comprising a plurality of adjoining compartments and a generally open Erame having frame elements lying in a plane off set from, and yenerally parallel to, the top of the compartments. One or more of the compartments may be in communication with one or more of the other compartments.
The present invention is also directed to forming apparatus for constructing a sump or tank for use in the floor of a work place. The apparatus includes an outer shellr a frarne, suspending means, an inner form and means for securing the inner form to the frame. The suspending means is used for suspending the frame in a plane above, and generally parallel to, the outer form. Two or more outer forms suitable for connection in series may be provided to form the outer shell.
Mating elements may also be provided for locking the outer forms together to form the outer shell.
The present invention is also directed to a method of ;
construc~ing a sump or tank for use in the floor of a work place. The method comprises the steps of (1) suspending a frame in a plane above, and generally parallel to, an outer form; and
(2) securing an inner form to the frame such that a substantial portion of the inner form is suspended within the outer shellO The method may also include the step of connecting two outer forms to form the outer shell. The outer forms may have mating elements and the connecting step may include the further step of locking the mating elements.
30The sump itself may be of two, three or more compartments. The sump i5 preferably cast in concrete with reinforcing rods placed throughout the walls of the sump.
Connected to the tops of the reinforcing rods is a fra~e which is generally parallel to the top of the sump. The frame may have an L-shaped cross section and may also have cross pieces generally aligned parallel to the top of the dividers in the sump. Typically the frame is positioned several inches above the top of the sump but may be closer to the top of the sump or more distant, as desired. When the sump is placed below the floor at a work site, forms may be placed around the inner edge of the frame and extending down to the top of the sump. This allows the concrete floor to be poured without having to attempt to keep the frame in position. Once the floor has been poured and the concrete has set, the forms that were placed flush with the inner edge of the frame can be easily removed.
This results in a sump which is securely anchored to the floor and has a relatively leak-proof seal throughout. The use of a frame anchored to the sump by reinforcing rods also assists in the moving and placing of the sump. Hooks, chains or the like may be easily attached to the frame and the sump can thereby be moved and placed into position. The frame is preferably made of metal and helps to avoid damage to the sump itself when in transit or when it is being installed.
The sump of this invention may be adapted to reduce or eliminate the problem of proper placement of pipes in the apertures in the dividing walls and the end wall. ~hen the sump is cast, couplings may be placed in the dividing walls and the end wall. Such couplings may be of predetermined size to co-operate with the size of pipe desired to be placed through the apertures~ Once the sump is secured in place below the floor, all that a plumber must do is couple the effluent pipe to the aperture in the end wall of the sump.
In those instances where a pipe is not required to be extended through the hole in the end wall of the sump, the sump may be constructed with a cut-out of appropriate dimensions either at the end wall of the sump or along one of the side walls. The dimensions of the cut-out may be such that the cut -out can mate with a trench in the floor of a work place. The sump may be constructed with any size cut-out thereby eliminating the problems associated with forming a cut-out by merely knocking out a portion of a wall.
This invention is directed to the above-described apparatus and is also directed to a method and apparatus for constructing the novel sump. A forming structure is constructed of various components within which concrete is poured to form the sump. An outer form may be provided. Two L-shaped forms may be joined to form a generally rectangular outer form although the outer form need not be rectangular in shape. Each L-shaped outer form may have an extension or flange at each end extending outwardly from each end at approximately a 45 angle. One such flange may have two apertured tongues extending outwardly from the flange at approximately a 90 angle. The flange at the other end of the L-shaped form may then have two apertures at approximately the same position as the tongues on the other flange and of a size sufficient to allow the tongues to pass through the apertures.
Two L-shaped forms may be thus mated together and bolts or similar devices may be placed through the apertures in the tongues thereby locking the two L-shaped forms together to form the outer shell. It will be understood that the outer form may ` 1137326 be of a different shape. For example, two curved forms may be joined to form a generally cylindrical outer form. Variations of the foregoing may include joining two or more forms to construct a polyhedrally shaped outer form. Typically, however, the rectangularly shaped (i.e. parallelopiped) outer form will be used.
Each of the L-shaped forms may have a ridge of rectangular cross section below the upper end of the form.
Below the upper edge of the form but above the ridge a series of apertured tongues may be provided. These tongues may be welded along either slde of the outer form and frame holders, each having a head portion and a tail portion, may be inserted through the apertures of the tongues and held in place since the tail portions of the frame holders cannot extend beyond the ridge. The frame holders may also have a head portion configured to hold a generally rectangular frame above the outer form. The frame holders may be used to maintain the frame in a relatively fixed position. The frame itself may have reinforcing rods welded to its undersurface so that the reinforcing rods extend into the space provided by the outer shell. It will be understood that the frame above the outer form amy be of differing shapes; typically being geometrically similar to the outer form. The frame may be suspended above the outer form by means other than the frame holders described above. For example, the frame may be suspended above the outer form by wires.
Inner forms are provided and may be generally hollow box-like structures of dimensions sufficient to fit within the compartments of the outer shell delineated by the frame where the frame is generally rectangular. Each such inner sump may have four sides and a bottom. If a two-compartment rectangular sump is to be constructed, the frame may have only one divider or connecting bar connected to the two sides of the frame. If a three compartment rectangular sump is to be constructed, two dividers or connecting bars may be connected to the sides of the frame; each divider being parallel to the ends of the frame. The inner forms may have L-shaped seats welded on the outside near their tops. The lower portion of the L may extend away from the inner form and may be of dimensions sufficient to allow each inner form to be placed in the various compartments delineated by the frame. The lower portion of the L-shaped seats may rest along the inner edge of the frame thereby maintaining the inner forms in a relatively stable position. When in place, the inner forms and the outer shell create a forming structure whereby concrete can be poured into the spaces between the inner forms and the outer shell. The inner forms may have small apertures on one side or on two opposing sides. ~hen the forms are in place, pipe couplings may be positioned between the two inner forms and at the end of one inner form and secured in place by inserting a bolt through the apertures in the sides of the inner forms and securing the bolt with a nut. ~hen concrete is poured about the forming structure, the pipe couplings will be embedded in place in the final concrete sump structure.
It will be understood that the inner and outer shells may be of different geometric configurations. For example, inner and outer shells of generally hexahedronal configuration ~0 may be used. The frame may be of varying shapes and sizes. In g _ the previous example, one may wish to use a hexagonally shaped frame. The frame may be divided into two or more sub-frames.
The forming apparatus of the present invention may thus be used to create a multi-compartment sump with two or more compartments, each of said compartments capable of being in communication with one or more compartments. The inner forms may be of configuration suitable for being suspended within the sub-frames. In the example using a hexagonally shaped frame, the frame may be divided into six triangularly shaped sub-frames and six inner forms, each a regular triangular prism, may be suspended within the sub-frames.
On the bottom of each inner form, a threaded aperture for cooperation with a coarsely threaded hose or pipe extending up through the inner forms may be provided. When concrete has been poured into the forming structure and the concrete has set or hardened, the frame suspending means are removed and sufficient pressure may be applied through the hose or pipe associated with each inner form. Pressurized air may be forced through the hoses or pipes to loosen the inner forms from the hardened concrete. Each inner form may have one or more apertured lifters welded to its inside walls on the same side that the optional L-shaped seats are affixed. Once the inner forms have been loosened by the pressuriæed air, chains, wires or the like may be placed through the apertures of the lifters and the inner forms may be removed by pulling upwards on the chains or wires.
If a cut-out is required at one outer face of the sump, rather than an aperture with a pipe coupling, then additional framing apparatus may be affixed to the frame to create a cut-out of desired dimensions in one wall of the sump.
- 9a -..
In the case of a rectangularly shaped sump, such an apparatus may be comprised of a central plate of generally rectangular configuration with two apertures near either end of the plate.
Two L-shaped lateral plates may be used and the bottom portion of the L of each L-shaped plate may have two aparatures of approximately the same size as the apertures near either end of the central plate. The lower portion of the L of the L-shaped plates may be affixed to the first plate by means of bolts placed through the holes at the ends of the central plate and through the holes in the lower portion of the L-shaped lateral plates. The other end of each L-shaped lateral plate may have a small projection which is generally parallel to the bottom portion of the lateral plate. The entire cut-out apparatus may be placed below one end of a rectangular frame and flush with the underside of the frame. Suitable affixing means may be used to join the cut-out apparatus to the frame. The affixing means may be affixed to the inner edge of the rectangular frame and the projections at the top of the lateral plates. The central plate and the two lateral plates may also have additional apertures along their lengths so that when a cut-out apparatus is affixed to the frame, reinforcing rods may be inserted through these apertures in the plates.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRA~IINGS
FIGURE 1 iS a perspective view of a sump of this invention.
FIGURE 2 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the sump of this invention which includes a cut-out.
FIGURE 3 iS a perspective view of two outer orms used to construct the sump of this invention.
- 9b -FIGURE 4 is a perspective view of the outer forms of Figure 3 affixed together with the frame and reinforcing rods held in place by frame holders.
FIGURE 5 is a perspective view of two inner forms of this invention.
-- 9c --...
FIGURE 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of Figure 5 illustrating the pipe coupling.
FIGURE 7 is a cross-sectional view of one of the inner forms of Figure 5 taken along the line B-B of Figure 5.
FIGURE 8 is a top view of the central plate used to form the cut-out apparatus.
FIGURE 9 is a perspective view of one of the lateral plates used to construct the cut-out apparatus.
FIGURE 10 is an inside end view of Figure 4 showing the cut-out apparatus in place.
DETAILED DESCRIPTI~N
This invention is a novel sump and a method and apparatus for making the sump. As illustrated in Figure 1, the sump 1 is cast in concrete so that there are two compartments 2a and 2b. The central dividing wall 3 between the two compartments has a pipe coupling 4 embedded below the top of the central dividing wall. The end wall 5 of the sump also has a pipe coupling 6 embedded below the top of the end wall.
A generally rectangular frame 7 is connected on its undersurface to a plurality of reinforcing rods 8 which are embedded in the wall of the sump. The frame has a generally L-shaped cross section and also has a connecting bar 9 connected to either side of the frame and positioned so that it is above the central dividing wall of the sump and generally parallel to the ends of the frame. The connecting bar of the frame comprises 2 bars with a generally L-shaped cross section with the bars being connected back to back.
In order to install the sump, it is lowered into place below the floor of a workplace. The sump is positioned at a depth such that the top of the frame will be generally flush with the concrete floor to be poured. Prior to pouring the floor, suitable forms are positioned below the frame and extending down to the top of the sump. Typically, these forms will be pieces of wood, two pieces extending the length of the frame and two pieces extending the width of the frame. The wooden forms are placed so that the sides of the forms facing towards the center of the sump are flush with the inner ledges of the frame. The concrete floor is then poured and concrete is poured around the outside of the frame so that the concrete covers the reinforcing rods and is poured approximately to the top of the frame so that the sump and frame are anchored in place when the concrete sets and hardens.
Once the sump is anchored in place, the wooden forms can be removed and pipes can be placed in the couplings 4 and 6. Typically, pipes used in such a sump are plastic pipes with a 4~ inch diameter. The couplings embedded in the sump will therefore typically be slightly greater than 41 inches in diameter to allow a relatively tight, leak-proof seal when the pipes are placed in the couplings. The coupling 6 in the end wall is typically positioned one or two inches below the position of the coupling 4 in the central dividing wall. The pipe placed through the coupling 6 is then connected to a sewer system or other means for disposing of the water passing through the pipe.
When the sump is in position, a grating is placed on that portion of the frame positioned above the first compartment to 2a. The grating will be of dimensions sufficient to fit snugly within that portion of the frame above the first compartment. The apertures in the grating will be of a size sufficient to allow particulate matter carried by water, oil or other liquids to pass through the apertures into the first compartment of the sump. Typically, a plate is positioned on that portion of the frame above the second compartment 2b of the sump. The plate will be of dimensions such that it will fit snugly within that portion of the frame above the second compartment of the sump.
~nce the sump is in place together with the grating and the cover plate, the sump is ready for operation.
Typically, waste water ladden with dirt or other particulate matter flows along the concrete floor and passes over the grating and into the first compartment 2a of the sump. The particulate matter settles to the bottom of the first compartment of the sump. The water level will rise to the level of the pipe in the central dividing wall and will then flow through to the second compartment 2b of the sump.
Additional particulate matter will settle out to the bottom of the second compartment and when the water rises to the level of the pipe in the end wall of the sump, the water passes through that pipe and on into a sewage system or other disposal means.
As waste water continues to flow into the sump, particulate matter builds up in the first compartment and eventually it will reach the level of the pipe in the central dividing wall.
At that time, the grating on top of the frame can be removed and the first compartment of the sump can be cleaned out.
Likewise, eventually the level of particulate matter in the second compartment of the sump will reach the level of the pipe in the end wall of the sump. The cover plate on top of the frame should then be removed and the particulate matter cleaned out of the second compartment of the sump. Where the two compartments are of approximately the same dimensions, it has been found that the second compartment need only be cleaned out once for every five cleanings of the first compartment.
The pipe placed in the coupling in the end wall of the sump can be either an elbow shaped pipe or a T-shaped pipe.
When a T-shaped pipe is used, the water can continue to flow from the second compartment to the sewage system even when the level of the particulate matter is above the lower portion of the T-shaped pipe.
It will be understood that the sump may have more than two compartments and the frame would then have two or more connecting bars connected to the sides of the frame and positioned above the two or more dividing walls. A coupling would be embedded in the dividing wall between the first and second compartments, a further coupling would be embedded in the dividing wall between the second and third compartments but slightly lower than the first coupling and so on until the end wall of the sump would have a coupling positioned slightly lower than the coupling in the adjacent dividing wall.
In another embodiment of this invention, a cut-out is formed in the end wall of the sump. The cut-out 10 is illustrated in Figure 2. The sump will be constructed with a cut-out in those instances where the sump is to be placed below a floor and is designed to mate with a trench below the floor which serves as the means for removing water flowing out of the sump. A pair of reinforcing rods 12 are embedded in the end wall of the sump extending outwardly into the cut-out portion.
Reinforcing rods 13 are also embedded in the end wall of the 11373~6 sump and extend upwardly from the bottom of the cut out. When the sump is positioned below the floor in a workplace, the reinforcing rods 12 and 13 are bent away from the sump and into the trench. This allows concrete to be poured when completing the trench so that the concrete will cover the reinforcing rods and provide a more secure anchoring of the sump. The cut-out can be positioned at the end of the sump or along either of the sides of the sump in the second compartment. The cut-out can be of any dimension desired, up to and including a cut-out of the entire end wall of the sump.
The invention also provides a method and apparatus for constructing the above-described sump. The following description relates to the method and apparatus for constructing a two compartment sump but it will be understood that similar apparatus can be used to construct a sump of three or more compartments. It will also be understood that the apparatus can be varied in dimensions to produce a sump with compartments of varying sizes.
Fiyure 3 illustrates two L-shaped outer forms 20 which are joined to form the outer shell of the forming apparatus which is used to construct the sump. Each outer form has a flange 21 extending away from the form at an angle of approximately 45 and a flange 22 at the other end of the outer form extending away from the form at an angle of approximately 45. Flange 21 has apertures 23. Flange 22 has apertured tongues 24 extending generally perpendicularly away from the flange. As is illustrated in Figure 4, the two outer forms are joined so that the apertured tongues of flange 22 on one form extend through the apertures 23 on the flange of the other form. Bolts or other securing means are placed through the ~ \
apertures in the apertured tongues so that the two outer forms are joined to form a generally rectangular outer shell. As shown in Figure 3, each outer form has a plurality of apertured tongues 28 welded to the length of the outer form near the top of the outer form. A ridge of generally rectangular cross-section runs along the side of the outer form below the apertured tongues and parallel to the top of the outer form.
As illustrated in Figure 4, a generally rectangular frame 32 of L-shaped cross section and of dimensions less than the outer shell is suspended above the outer shell by a plurality of frame holders 36. Each frame holder 36 has a tail portion 38 which fits through one of the apertured tongues 28 so that the bottom of the tail portion rests on the top of the ridge 30. The head portion 37 of the frame holder fits securely about the frame so that the bottom of the frame rests on the frame holder. A plurality of frame holders are affixed in this fashion along either length of the outer shell thereby holding the frame securely in position. Attached to the underside of the frame are a plurality of reinforcing rods which extend down into the outer shell.
Figure 5 illustrates two inner forms 40 which are hollow boxes formed of a suitable material (typically metal) with the upper face of each inner form being open. Each inner form has small L-shaped seats secured on opposite outer sides of the inner form near the top. The inner forms are of dimensions so that the inner forms fit into the two spaces in the GUter shell defined by the frame. As can be seen in Figure 4, the frame 32 has a ledge 31 upon which the seats of the inner forms rest. ~nce the inner forms are in place resting on 1~37326 the frame, a pipe coupling 50 is secured between the two inner forms. As can be seen in Figure 6, each inner form has cooperative apertures 52 and 53 through which a bolt 54 or other securing means is placed thereby holding the coupling 50 securely between the two inner forms. The coupling may be further supported by the inclusion of an apertured, annular steel plate 98 which aids in maintaining a relatively constant inner radius in the coupling throughout. In similar fashion, the coupling 55 is secured to the opposite side of one of the inner forms slightly below the level of the coupling 50. There is an aperture 56 (as shown in Figure 4) through which a bolt will pass from the inner form through the coupling 55 and through the aperture 56.
Once the entire forming apparatus is constructed, concrete is poured between the inner and outer forms up to the desired level. It has been found that in order to ensure that the couplings are securely embedded in the concrete, the concrete should be vibrated so that it will flow throughout the space defined by the forms.
Once the concrete has been poured, it is allowed to set and harden. Once the concrete is hardened, the frame holders can be removed. As shown in Figure 5, each inner form has an aperture 60 on its bottom surface. In order to remove the inner forms from the hardened concrete, pipes or hoses 62 are inserted in the apertures 60. The pipe or hose is roughly threaded at the end which is inserted into the apertures 60 or the pipes or hoses can be connected to a coupling which is threaded for insertion into the apertures 60. The pipes or hoses 62 are connected at their opposite ends to a suitable pressure means (not shown). Sufficient pressure is then forced through the pipes or hoses 62 which loosens the inner forms from the concrete. Typically, a pressure of 5 pounds per square inch has been found sufficient to effect loosening of the inner forms. ~nce the inner forms have been loosened from the hardened concrete, the inner forms are lifted out of the forming apparatus. As shown in Figure 7, the inside walls of the inner form 40 have apertured ear-shaped lifters welded to the inner sides. Chains, wires or other suitable means are secured through the apertures in the lifters and connected to a suitable lifting mechanism which then removes each inner form from the forming apparatus. The bolts 26 are then removed and the outer forms are removed from the hardened concrete.
In order to make a sump with a cut-out at one end, additional framing apparatus illustrated in Figures 8-10 is added to form the cut-out. The cut-out form is comprised of a central plate 70 and two lateral plates 80. Apertures 72 are found at either end of the central plate. Apertures 82 are provided in the bottom portion of the L-shaped lateral plates.
The bottom of each lateral plate is secured to the central plate by bolts or other fastening means inserted through the apertures 72 and 82. The resulting structure is generally U-shaped. At the top of each L-shaped lateral plate there is a small rectangular extension 84 extending perpendicularly away from the lateral plate and parallel to the bottom portion of the plate. As is shown in Figure 10, the U-shaped structure formed from the central plate and the two lateral plates is affixed to the underside of the ledge 31 of frame 32. It is affixing by suitable clamping means 90 which clamp onto the ledge 31 and the extension 84 of each lateral plate. The central plate and each lateral plate have additional apertures 76 and 86. Reinforcing rods 92 are passed through the apertures 86 of the lateral plates and reinforcing rods 94 are placed through apertures 76 in the central plate. Concrete is then poured to form the sump structure as before.
Once the forming apparatus has been removed as described above, the U-shaped apparatus formed by the central plate and the two lateral plates is also removed. This is effected by removing the clamps 90 and the bolts 96. The reinforcing rods 92 are then bent away from the concrete sump which forces the lateral plates away from the concrete sump.
The lateral plates then can be pried off and removed.
Similarly, the reinforcing rods 94 are bent down and away from the concrete sump thereby forcing the central plate 70 to be loosened from the concrete sump. The lateral plate is then pried off.
30The sump itself may be of two, three or more compartments. The sump i5 preferably cast in concrete with reinforcing rods placed throughout the walls of the sump.
Connected to the tops of the reinforcing rods is a fra~e which is generally parallel to the top of the sump. The frame may have an L-shaped cross section and may also have cross pieces generally aligned parallel to the top of the dividers in the sump. Typically the frame is positioned several inches above the top of the sump but may be closer to the top of the sump or more distant, as desired. When the sump is placed below the floor at a work site, forms may be placed around the inner edge of the frame and extending down to the top of the sump. This allows the concrete floor to be poured without having to attempt to keep the frame in position. Once the floor has been poured and the concrete has set, the forms that were placed flush with the inner edge of the frame can be easily removed.
This results in a sump which is securely anchored to the floor and has a relatively leak-proof seal throughout. The use of a frame anchored to the sump by reinforcing rods also assists in the moving and placing of the sump. Hooks, chains or the like may be easily attached to the frame and the sump can thereby be moved and placed into position. The frame is preferably made of metal and helps to avoid damage to the sump itself when in transit or when it is being installed.
The sump of this invention may be adapted to reduce or eliminate the problem of proper placement of pipes in the apertures in the dividing walls and the end wall. ~hen the sump is cast, couplings may be placed in the dividing walls and the end wall. Such couplings may be of predetermined size to co-operate with the size of pipe desired to be placed through the apertures~ Once the sump is secured in place below the floor, all that a plumber must do is couple the effluent pipe to the aperture in the end wall of the sump.
In those instances where a pipe is not required to be extended through the hole in the end wall of the sump, the sump may be constructed with a cut-out of appropriate dimensions either at the end wall of the sump or along one of the side walls. The dimensions of the cut-out may be such that the cut -out can mate with a trench in the floor of a work place. The sump may be constructed with any size cut-out thereby eliminating the problems associated with forming a cut-out by merely knocking out a portion of a wall.
This invention is directed to the above-described apparatus and is also directed to a method and apparatus for constructing the novel sump. A forming structure is constructed of various components within which concrete is poured to form the sump. An outer form may be provided. Two L-shaped forms may be joined to form a generally rectangular outer form although the outer form need not be rectangular in shape. Each L-shaped outer form may have an extension or flange at each end extending outwardly from each end at approximately a 45 angle. One such flange may have two apertured tongues extending outwardly from the flange at approximately a 90 angle. The flange at the other end of the L-shaped form may then have two apertures at approximately the same position as the tongues on the other flange and of a size sufficient to allow the tongues to pass through the apertures.
Two L-shaped forms may be thus mated together and bolts or similar devices may be placed through the apertures in the tongues thereby locking the two L-shaped forms together to form the outer shell. It will be understood that the outer form may ` 1137326 be of a different shape. For example, two curved forms may be joined to form a generally cylindrical outer form. Variations of the foregoing may include joining two or more forms to construct a polyhedrally shaped outer form. Typically, however, the rectangularly shaped (i.e. parallelopiped) outer form will be used.
Each of the L-shaped forms may have a ridge of rectangular cross section below the upper end of the form.
Below the upper edge of the form but above the ridge a series of apertured tongues may be provided. These tongues may be welded along either slde of the outer form and frame holders, each having a head portion and a tail portion, may be inserted through the apertures of the tongues and held in place since the tail portions of the frame holders cannot extend beyond the ridge. The frame holders may also have a head portion configured to hold a generally rectangular frame above the outer form. The frame holders may be used to maintain the frame in a relatively fixed position. The frame itself may have reinforcing rods welded to its undersurface so that the reinforcing rods extend into the space provided by the outer shell. It will be understood that the frame above the outer form amy be of differing shapes; typically being geometrically similar to the outer form. The frame may be suspended above the outer form by means other than the frame holders described above. For example, the frame may be suspended above the outer form by wires.
Inner forms are provided and may be generally hollow box-like structures of dimensions sufficient to fit within the compartments of the outer shell delineated by the frame where the frame is generally rectangular. Each such inner sump may have four sides and a bottom. If a two-compartment rectangular sump is to be constructed, the frame may have only one divider or connecting bar connected to the two sides of the frame. If a three compartment rectangular sump is to be constructed, two dividers or connecting bars may be connected to the sides of the frame; each divider being parallel to the ends of the frame. The inner forms may have L-shaped seats welded on the outside near their tops. The lower portion of the L may extend away from the inner form and may be of dimensions sufficient to allow each inner form to be placed in the various compartments delineated by the frame. The lower portion of the L-shaped seats may rest along the inner edge of the frame thereby maintaining the inner forms in a relatively stable position. When in place, the inner forms and the outer shell create a forming structure whereby concrete can be poured into the spaces between the inner forms and the outer shell. The inner forms may have small apertures on one side or on two opposing sides. ~hen the forms are in place, pipe couplings may be positioned between the two inner forms and at the end of one inner form and secured in place by inserting a bolt through the apertures in the sides of the inner forms and securing the bolt with a nut. ~hen concrete is poured about the forming structure, the pipe couplings will be embedded in place in the final concrete sump structure.
It will be understood that the inner and outer shells may be of different geometric configurations. For example, inner and outer shells of generally hexahedronal configuration ~0 may be used. The frame may be of varying shapes and sizes. In g _ the previous example, one may wish to use a hexagonally shaped frame. The frame may be divided into two or more sub-frames.
The forming apparatus of the present invention may thus be used to create a multi-compartment sump with two or more compartments, each of said compartments capable of being in communication with one or more compartments. The inner forms may be of configuration suitable for being suspended within the sub-frames. In the example using a hexagonally shaped frame, the frame may be divided into six triangularly shaped sub-frames and six inner forms, each a regular triangular prism, may be suspended within the sub-frames.
On the bottom of each inner form, a threaded aperture for cooperation with a coarsely threaded hose or pipe extending up through the inner forms may be provided. When concrete has been poured into the forming structure and the concrete has set or hardened, the frame suspending means are removed and sufficient pressure may be applied through the hose or pipe associated with each inner form. Pressurized air may be forced through the hoses or pipes to loosen the inner forms from the hardened concrete. Each inner form may have one or more apertured lifters welded to its inside walls on the same side that the optional L-shaped seats are affixed. Once the inner forms have been loosened by the pressuriæed air, chains, wires or the like may be placed through the apertures of the lifters and the inner forms may be removed by pulling upwards on the chains or wires.
If a cut-out is required at one outer face of the sump, rather than an aperture with a pipe coupling, then additional framing apparatus may be affixed to the frame to create a cut-out of desired dimensions in one wall of the sump.
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In the case of a rectangularly shaped sump, such an apparatus may be comprised of a central plate of generally rectangular configuration with two apertures near either end of the plate.
Two L-shaped lateral plates may be used and the bottom portion of the L of each L-shaped plate may have two aparatures of approximately the same size as the apertures near either end of the central plate. The lower portion of the L of the L-shaped plates may be affixed to the first plate by means of bolts placed through the holes at the ends of the central plate and through the holes in the lower portion of the L-shaped lateral plates. The other end of each L-shaped lateral plate may have a small projection which is generally parallel to the bottom portion of the lateral plate. The entire cut-out apparatus may be placed below one end of a rectangular frame and flush with the underside of the frame. Suitable affixing means may be used to join the cut-out apparatus to the frame. The affixing means may be affixed to the inner edge of the rectangular frame and the projections at the top of the lateral plates. The central plate and the two lateral plates may also have additional apertures along their lengths so that when a cut-out apparatus is affixed to the frame, reinforcing rods may be inserted through these apertures in the plates.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRA~IINGS
FIGURE 1 iS a perspective view of a sump of this invention.
FIGURE 2 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the sump of this invention which includes a cut-out.
FIGURE 3 iS a perspective view of two outer orms used to construct the sump of this invention.
- 9b -FIGURE 4 is a perspective view of the outer forms of Figure 3 affixed together with the frame and reinforcing rods held in place by frame holders.
FIGURE 5 is a perspective view of two inner forms of this invention.
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FIGURE 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of Figure 5 illustrating the pipe coupling.
FIGURE 7 is a cross-sectional view of one of the inner forms of Figure 5 taken along the line B-B of Figure 5.
FIGURE 8 is a top view of the central plate used to form the cut-out apparatus.
FIGURE 9 is a perspective view of one of the lateral plates used to construct the cut-out apparatus.
FIGURE 10 is an inside end view of Figure 4 showing the cut-out apparatus in place.
DETAILED DESCRIPTI~N
This invention is a novel sump and a method and apparatus for making the sump. As illustrated in Figure 1, the sump 1 is cast in concrete so that there are two compartments 2a and 2b. The central dividing wall 3 between the two compartments has a pipe coupling 4 embedded below the top of the central dividing wall. The end wall 5 of the sump also has a pipe coupling 6 embedded below the top of the end wall.
A generally rectangular frame 7 is connected on its undersurface to a plurality of reinforcing rods 8 which are embedded in the wall of the sump. The frame has a generally L-shaped cross section and also has a connecting bar 9 connected to either side of the frame and positioned so that it is above the central dividing wall of the sump and generally parallel to the ends of the frame. The connecting bar of the frame comprises 2 bars with a generally L-shaped cross section with the bars being connected back to back.
In order to install the sump, it is lowered into place below the floor of a workplace. The sump is positioned at a depth such that the top of the frame will be generally flush with the concrete floor to be poured. Prior to pouring the floor, suitable forms are positioned below the frame and extending down to the top of the sump. Typically, these forms will be pieces of wood, two pieces extending the length of the frame and two pieces extending the width of the frame. The wooden forms are placed so that the sides of the forms facing towards the center of the sump are flush with the inner ledges of the frame. The concrete floor is then poured and concrete is poured around the outside of the frame so that the concrete covers the reinforcing rods and is poured approximately to the top of the frame so that the sump and frame are anchored in place when the concrete sets and hardens.
Once the sump is anchored in place, the wooden forms can be removed and pipes can be placed in the couplings 4 and 6. Typically, pipes used in such a sump are plastic pipes with a 4~ inch diameter. The couplings embedded in the sump will therefore typically be slightly greater than 41 inches in diameter to allow a relatively tight, leak-proof seal when the pipes are placed in the couplings. The coupling 6 in the end wall is typically positioned one or two inches below the position of the coupling 4 in the central dividing wall. The pipe placed through the coupling 6 is then connected to a sewer system or other means for disposing of the water passing through the pipe.
When the sump is in position, a grating is placed on that portion of the frame positioned above the first compartment to 2a. The grating will be of dimensions sufficient to fit snugly within that portion of the frame above the first compartment. The apertures in the grating will be of a size sufficient to allow particulate matter carried by water, oil or other liquids to pass through the apertures into the first compartment of the sump. Typically, a plate is positioned on that portion of the frame above the second compartment 2b of the sump. The plate will be of dimensions such that it will fit snugly within that portion of the frame above the second compartment of the sump.
~nce the sump is in place together with the grating and the cover plate, the sump is ready for operation.
Typically, waste water ladden with dirt or other particulate matter flows along the concrete floor and passes over the grating and into the first compartment 2a of the sump. The particulate matter settles to the bottom of the first compartment of the sump. The water level will rise to the level of the pipe in the central dividing wall and will then flow through to the second compartment 2b of the sump.
Additional particulate matter will settle out to the bottom of the second compartment and when the water rises to the level of the pipe in the end wall of the sump, the water passes through that pipe and on into a sewage system or other disposal means.
As waste water continues to flow into the sump, particulate matter builds up in the first compartment and eventually it will reach the level of the pipe in the central dividing wall.
At that time, the grating on top of the frame can be removed and the first compartment of the sump can be cleaned out.
Likewise, eventually the level of particulate matter in the second compartment of the sump will reach the level of the pipe in the end wall of the sump. The cover plate on top of the frame should then be removed and the particulate matter cleaned out of the second compartment of the sump. Where the two compartments are of approximately the same dimensions, it has been found that the second compartment need only be cleaned out once for every five cleanings of the first compartment.
The pipe placed in the coupling in the end wall of the sump can be either an elbow shaped pipe or a T-shaped pipe.
When a T-shaped pipe is used, the water can continue to flow from the second compartment to the sewage system even when the level of the particulate matter is above the lower portion of the T-shaped pipe.
It will be understood that the sump may have more than two compartments and the frame would then have two or more connecting bars connected to the sides of the frame and positioned above the two or more dividing walls. A coupling would be embedded in the dividing wall between the first and second compartments, a further coupling would be embedded in the dividing wall between the second and third compartments but slightly lower than the first coupling and so on until the end wall of the sump would have a coupling positioned slightly lower than the coupling in the adjacent dividing wall.
In another embodiment of this invention, a cut-out is formed in the end wall of the sump. The cut-out 10 is illustrated in Figure 2. The sump will be constructed with a cut-out in those instances where the sump is to be placed below a floor and is designed to mate with a trench below the floor which serves as the means for removing water flowing out of the sump. A pair of reinforcing rods 12 are embedded in the end wall of the sump extending outwardly into the cut-out portion.
Reinforcing rods 13 are also embedded in the end wall of the 11373~6 sump and extend upwardly from the bottom of the cut out. When the sump is positioned below the floor in a workplace, the reinforcing rods 12 and 13 are bent away from the sump and into the trench. This allows concrete to be poured when completing the trench so that the concrete will cover the reinforcing rods and provide a more secure anchoring of the sump. The cut-out can be positioned at the end of the sump or along either of the sides of the sump in the second compartment. The cut-out can be of any dimension desired, up to and including a cut-out of the entire end wall of the sump.
The invention also provides a method and apparatus for constructing the above-described sump. The following description relates to the method and apparatus for constructing a two compartment sump but it will be understood that similar apparatus can be used to construct a sump of three or more compartments. It will also be understood that the apparatus can be varied in dimensions to produce a sump with compartments of varying sizes.
Fiyure 3 illustrates two L-shaped outer forms 20 which are joined to form the outer shell of the forming apparatus which is used to construct the sump. Each outer form has a flange 21 extending away from the form at an angle of approximately 45 and a flange 22 at the other end of the outer form extending away from the form at an angle of approximately 45. Flange 21 has apertures 23. Flange 22 has apertured tongues 24 extending generally perpendicularly away from the flange. As is illustrated in Figure 4, the two outer forms are joined so that the apertured tongues of flange 22 on one form extend through the apertures 23 on the flange of the other form. Bolts or other securing means are placed through the ~ \
apertures in the apertured tongues so that the two outer forms are joined to form a generally rectangular outer shell. As shown in Figure 3, each outer form has a plurality of apertured tongues 28 welded to the length of the outer form near the top of the outer form. A ridge of generally rectangular cross-section runs along the side of the outer form below the apertured tongues and parallel to the top of the outer form.
As illustrated in Figure 4, a generally rectangular frame 32 of L-shaped cross section and of dimensions less than the outer shell is suspended above the outer shell by a plurality of frame holders 36. Each frame holder 36 has a tail portion 38 which fits through one of the apertured tongues 28 so that the bottom of the tail portion rests on the top of the ridge 30. The head portion 37 of the frame holder fits securely about the frame so that the bottom of the frame rests on the frame holder. A plurality of frame holders are affixed in this fashion along either length of the outer shell thereby holding the frame securely in position. Attached to the underside of the frame are a plurality of reinforcing rods which extend down into the outer shell.
Figure 5 illustrates two inner forms 40 which are hollow boxes formed of a suitable material (typically metal) with the upper face of each inner form being open. Each inner form has small L-shaped seats secured on opposite outer sides of the inner form near the top. The inner forms are of dimensions so that the inner forms fit into the two spaces in the GUter shell defined by the frame. As can be seen in Figure 4, the frame 32 has a ledge 31 upon which the seats of the inner forms rest. ~nce the inner forms are in place resting on 1~37326 the frame, a pipe coupling 50 is secured between the two inner forms. As can be seen in Figure 6, each inner form has cooperative apertures 52 and 53 through which a bolt 54 or other securing means is placed thereby holding the coupling 50 securely between the two inner forms. The coupling may be further supported by the inclusion of an apertured, annular steel plate 98 which aids in maintaining a relatively constant inner radius in the coupling throughout. In similar fashion, the coupling 55 is secured to the opposite side of one of the inner forms slightly below the level of the coupling 50. There is an aperture 56 (as shown in Figure 4) through which a bolt will pass from the inner form through the coupling 55 and through the aperture 56.
Once the entire forming apparatus is constructed, concrete is poured between the inner and outer forms up to the desired level. It has been found that in order to ensure that the couplings are securely embedded in the concrete, the concrete should be vibrated so that it will flow throughout the space defined by the forms.
Once the concrete has been poured, it is allowed to set and harden. Once the concrete is hardened, the frame holders can be removed. As shown in Figure 5, each inner form has an aperture 60 on its bottom surface. In order to remove the inner forms from the hardened concrete, pipes or hoses 62 are inserted in the apertures 60. The pipe or hose is roughly threaded at the end which is inserted into the apertures 60 or the pipes or hoses can be connected to a coupling which is threaded for insertion into the apertures 60. The pipes or hoses 62 are connected at their opposite ends to a suitable pressure means (not shown). Sufficient pressure is then forced through the pipes or hoses 62 which loosens the inner forms from the concrete. Typically, a pressure of 5 pounds per square inch has been found sufficient to effect loosening of the inner forms. ~nce the inner forms have been loosened from the hardened concrete, the inner forms are lifted out of the forming apparatus. As shown in Figure 7, the inside walls of the inner form 40 have apertured ear-shaped lifters welded to the inner sides. Chains, wires or other suitable means are secured through the apertures in the lifters and connected to a suitable lifting mechanism which then removes each inner form from the forming apparatus. The bolts 26 are then removed and the outer forms are removed from the hardened concrete.
In order to make a sump with a cut-out at one end, additional framing apparatus illustrated in Figures 8-10 is added to form the cut-out. The cut-out form is comprised of a central plate 70 and two lateral plates 80. Apertures 72 are found at either end of the central plate. Apertures 82 are provided in the bottom portion of the L-shaped lateral plates.
The bottom of each lateral plate is secured to the central plate by bolts or other fastening means inserted through the apertures 72 and 82. The resulting structure is generally U-shaped. At the top of each L-shaped lateral plate there is a small rectangular extension 84 extending perpendicularly away from the lateral plate and parallel to the bottom portion of the plate. As is shown in Figure 10, the U-shaped structure formed from the central plate and the two lateral plates is affixed to the underside of the ledge 31 of frame 32. It is affixing by suitable clamping means 90 which clamp onto the ledge 31 and the extension 84 of each lateral plate. The central plate and each lateral plate have additional apertures 76 and 86. Reinforcing rods 92 are passed through the apertures 86 of the lateral plates and reinforcing rods 94 are placed through apertures 76 in the central plate. Concrete is then poured to form the sump structure as before.
Once the forming apparatus has been removed as described above, the U-shaped apparatus formed by the central plate and the two lateral plates is also removed. This is effected by removing the clamps 90 and the bolts 96. The reinforcing rods 92 are then bent away from the concrete sump which forces the lateral plates away from the concrete sump.
The lateral plates then can be pried off and removed.
Similarly, the reinforcing rods 94 are bent down and away from the concrete sump thereby forcing the central plate 70 to be loosened from the concrete sump. The lateral plate is then pried off.
Claims (28)
EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS
FOLLOWS:
1. A sump comprising a plurality of adjoining compartments and a generally open frame having frame elements secured thereabove in a plane offset from and generally parallel to the top of the compartments.
2. The sump of claim 1 wherein one or more of said compartments is in communication with one or more of the other compartments.
3. A sump of claim 2 having exterior walls and one or more interior dividing walls dividing the sump into two or more compartments, each of said dividing walls having an aperture therein whereby adjacent compartments can communicate, one of the exterior walls of the sump having an aperture therein, a plurality of rods embedded in the exterior walls of the sump and extending upwards beyond the tops of said exterior walls, and a frame connected on its underside to the ends of the rods extending beyond the tops of said exterior walls.
4. The sump of Claim 3 wherein said frame is generally parallel to the top of said sump and the top of the sump and frame are generally rectangular in shape.
5. The sump of claim 4 wherein said frame is of dimensions slightly less than the outer dimensions of said sump and wherein said frame is of generally L-shaped cross section.
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6. The sump of claim 5 wherein said frame includes a connecting bar between two sides of said frame, said connecting bar positioned above the top of said dividing wall and generally parallel to the two additional sides of said frame.
7. The sump of claim 6 wherein said connecting bar is of generally inverted T-shaped cross section.
8. The sump of claim 7 wherein the aperture in said dividing wall is fitted with a pipe coupling and the aperture in said side of said sump is fitted with a pipe coupling.
9. The sump of claim 8 wherein said side aperture is slightly below said dividing wall aperture.
10. The sump of claim 3 wherein said aperture in one of the sides of the sump is a cut-out of a portion of said side.
11. The sump of claim 10 wherein a plurality of reinforcing rods are embedded in said side and extend into said cut-out.
12. A method of constructing a sump or tank for use in the floor of a workplace comprising the steps of (a) suspending a frame in a plane above and generally parallel to an outer form, and (b) securing an inner form to said frame such that a substantial portion of said inner form is suspended within said outer shell.
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13. The method of claim 12 including the step of connecting two outer forms to form said outer shell.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein said outer forms have mating elements and wherein said connecting step includes locking said mating elements.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein said outer forms are generally L-shaped and said mating elements comprise a flange at either end of each of said outer forms, one of said flanges having apertures therein and the other of said flanges having apertured tongues for engagement with the apertured flange of the other outer form, wherein said suspending step include securing a generally rectangular frame to said outer shell with clamping means, said frame having rods attached to its underside and having at least one bar connecting two opposite sides of said frame.
16. The method of claim 14 including a further step of inserting said inner forms in the outer shell, each of said inner forms having four sides and a bottom.
17. The method of claim 16 including the further step of pouring concrete into the space between the inner forms and the outer shell and allowing the concrete to harden.
18. The method of claim 17 including the further step of removing said clamping means, said inner forms and said outer form.
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19. The method of claim 18 wherein each of said outer forms has a plurality of apertured tongues extending outwardly near the top of one side of said outer form and a ridge extending outwardly from said side parallel to the top of said side and below said apertured tongues.
20. The method of claim 19 wherein said frame is of generally L-shaped cross-section such that there is a ledge inside the frame and said clamping means comprises a plurality of clamps, each of said clamps having a head portion and a tail portion, the tail portion being of a size sufficient to pass through the apertured tongues and to rest on said ridge, the head portion being configured to hold said frame in a relatively fixed position.
21. The method of claim 20 wherein said means for securing said inner forms to said frame are L-shaped seats affixed to opposite sides of said inner forms so that when the inner forms are placed inside said outer shell, the L-shaped seats rest upon the ledge of the frame.
22. The method of claim 21 including the additional step of affixing pipe couplings between said inner forms and between one of said inner forms and the outer shell.
23. The method of claim 19 wherein each of said inner forms has ear-shaped lifters affixed to its inner sides.
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24. The method of claim 19 wherein each of said inner forms has a threaded aperture in its bottom suitable for receiving a threaded pipe, including the additional step of screwing threaded pipes into each of the apertures in the bottom of said inner forms.
25. The method of claim 24 wherein the step of removing said inner forms comprises the steps of (a) forcing pressurized air through said pipes to loosen said inner forms from the hardened concrete, (b) securing chains or wires to the apertured lifters, and (c) lifting said chains or wires upwardly to remove said inner forms.
26. The method of claim 19 including the further steps of (a) forming a generally U-shaped form comprised of (i) a central plate with apertures near either end and apertures along its length, and (ii) a pair of L-shaped lateral plates with apertures in the lower leg positioned for cooperative alignment with the apertures near the ends of the central plate, said lateral plates having apertures along their upper leg and each lateral plate having a small rectangular extension affixed to the top of said upper leg and extending perpendicularly from said upper leg in parallel relation to said lower leg, and (b) attaching said U-shaped form to the underside of the ledge of said frame with suitable attaching means, said steps to be performed before said pouring step.
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27. The method of claim 26 including the additional step of inserting reinforcing rods through the apertures along the length of said central plate and through the apertures along the upper leg of each lateral plate, said step to be performed before said pouring step.
28. The method of claim 27 including the further steps of (a) bending the portions of the reinforcinq rods extending into said U-shaped form away from said inner form, and (b) removing said attaching means, said lateral plates and said central plate.
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Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000362648A CA1137326A (en) | 1980-10-17 | 1980-10-17 | Multi-compartment sump and method and apparatus for making same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000362648A CA1137326A (en) | 1980-10-17 | 1980-10-17 | Multi-compartment sump and method and apparatus for making same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1137326A true CA1137326A (en) | 1982-12-14 |
Family
ID=4118185
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000362648A Expired CA1137326A (en) | 1980-10-17 | 1980-10-17 | Multi-compartment sump and method and apparatus for making same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1137326A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150267392A1 (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2015-09-24 | Harry Lee Cormier | Method for Construction of Concrete Septic Tanks |
-
1980
- 1980-10-17 CA CA000362648A patent/CA1137326A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150267392A1 (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2015-09-24 | Harry Lee Cormier | Method for Construction of Concrete Septic Tanks |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |