CA1135056A - Transfer layer for resistive ribbon printing - Google Patents
Transfer layer for resistive ribbon printingInfo
- Publication number
- CA1135056A CA1135056A CA000343628A CA343628A CA1135056A CA 1135056 A CA1135056 A CA 1135056A CA 000343628 A CA000343628 A CA 000343628A CA 343628 A CA343628 A CA 343628A CA 1135056 A CA1135056 A CA 1135056A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- transfer layer
- ribbon
- printing
- hydrogenated rosin
- glycerol ester
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
- B41M5/382—Contact thermal transfer or sublimation processes
- B41M5/3825—Electric current carrying heat transfer sheets
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
- Impression-Transfer Materials And Handling Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
TRANSFER LAYER FOR RESISTIVE RIBBON PRINTING
Abstract of the Disclosure A transfer layer for resistive ribbon for electrothermic printing is provided. The transfer layer comprises coloring material and glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin.
Abstract of the Disclosure A transfer layer for resistive ribbon for electrothermic printing is provided. The transfer layer comprises coloring material and glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin.
Description
11350S,~
The present invention relates to ribbons for use in electrothermic printing. More particularly, the inven-tion is concerned with a transfer layer for such a ribbon.
U.S. patents 2,713,822 and 3 r 744,611 are illustra-tive of the prior art of non-impact, electrothermic printing employing ribbons containing transfer coatings and substrates. Electrothermic printing ribbons are, per se, well known in the art and are shown, for example in U.S. patents 3,744,611 and 3,989,131. In particular, U.S. patent 3,989,131 mentions transfer layers formed from styrene resins and/or terpene resins and epoxy resins. It also mentions ketonic resins, ethers of colophony and non-drying alkyd resins. (It is noted that colophony is another name for rosin.) Polyamides, phenol-formaldehyde resins, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers have also been found useful in transfer layers. However, the prior art appears to contain no suggestion of the use of glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin for this purpose.
~3505s~
1 It has now been found that superior electrothermic printing may be obtained using a ribbon comprising an electrically conductive substrate and a transfer layer which comprises coloring material and glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin. For reasons which are not understood, the presence of glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin makes the resulting printing capable of finer resolution than previously obtained, and also has the additional advantage of being more readily correctable. Furthermore, the glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin has less tendency to adhere to the electrically conductive substrate and, therefore, transfers more easily than previously known transfer layers.
When glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin is used in the transfer layer, the resulting printing sticks to the paper so that it does not smear. The printing, however, may be removed by lift-off or abrasive methods more readily than previously obtained printing. This totally unexpected advantage makes correction of the printed product much easier than was previously the case.
As is well known in the art, a ribbon for thermo-electric transfer printing comprises an electrically con-ductive substrate. This, conveniently, may be a layer of polycarbonate which has been made electrically con-ductive by the inclusion of small particles of carbon.
This polycarbonate-carbon may, when desired, be coated ;A978056 2 1~3~505~i 1 with a layer of aluminum which is from about 1,000 to about 1,500 A units thick. The transfer layer is placed on top of this conductive substrate. The transfer layer comprises one or more colored materials. The coloring materials most often employed are carbon black and various dyes which may be used alone or in combination with each other.
In general, in the transfer layer of the present invention, it is desirable that the ratio by weight of colored material to glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin be from approximately 2~ to approximately 50~, preferably about 10%.
The transfer layer of the present invention is most conveniently applied to the conductive substrate from solution, for example, by means of a meniscus coater. It has been found that the coating properties of glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin are improved when there is added to the coating mixture some ethyl cellulose. Ethyl cellulose is usually added in an amount from about 5% to about 10% by weight of glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin.
A substrate was prepared of 70% by weight of poly-carbonate resin and 30% conductive carbon dispersed therein.
This layer was metallized with approximately 1200 A units of aluminum. A solution was prepared of 20 grams of STAYBELITE ester 5, 1. 8 grams carbon black and 0.1 grams of methyl violet in 80 grams of isopropyl alcohol.
(STAYBELITE is the trademark of Hercules, Inc. for their brand of glycerol ester of 113505~
partially hydrogenated wood rosin. It is a pale, medium-hard, thermoplastic resin with resistance to oxidation and discoloration. It has a low odor and a low acid number.) The above solution, with the carbon in suspension, was applied to the aluminized layer by means of a meniscus coater. The ink layer, after drying, was determined to be 12 microns thick. The resistive ribbon was used in writing in an electrothermic print-ing apparatus. At a current level of 55-60 milliamps, excellent quality images were obtained; density and image sharpness were a very high order. Furthermore, even though the resulting printing was smear free, it was possible to remove it by lift-off and by abrasion methods.
Another resistive ribbon film was prepared by coating an ink transfèr layer of the following formu-lation on a metallized polycarbonate-carbon resistive layer:
1.60 grams Regal~330 carbon (Cabot Corp) 1.15 grams ethyl cellulose (20Cps) 0.09 grams methyl violet 40.0 grams isopropyl alcohol.
The above was placed in an 8 oz. bottle with 200 grams of steel balls and was mixed on a paint shaker for 45 minutes.
The mixture was allowed to cool and 17.25 grams of Staybelite~ester 5 with 40 grams of isopropyl alcohol was added. The mixture was again placed on a paint shaker for an additional 45 minutes.
After cooling, the mixture was applied on a metal-lized resistive layer by means of a meniscus coater so that the final dry thickness was approximately 2-4 microns thick.
~ tr~ k ~135~)5~
The resultant resistive ribbon was used to print high quality images with good release properties, i.e., the ribbon did not stick to the paper upon transfer of the ink.
The ink must be easily released from the ribbon to the paper during the printing step or the ink will act as a "glue" between the paper and ribbon, preventing separa.ion of the ribbon from the paper. The ink layer with Staybelite ester 5 as a thermoplastic resin is easily released from the metalli~ed resistive layer.
The images were of good resolution.
In another example, a ribbon was made as in Example 2, except 0.86 grams ethyl cellulose was used instead of 1.15 grams. The print was formed at 480 x 480 PEL (Picture Elements). In both cases the images were non-smear with print densities of about l.0 optical density when printed with a voltage of about 12 volts and a current of about 50 milliamps.
The present invention relates to ribbons for use in electrothermic printing. More particularly, the inven-tion is concerned with a transfer layer for such a ribbon.
U.S. patents 2,713,822 and 3 r 744,611 are illustra-tive of the prior art of non-impact, electrothermic printing employing ribbons containing transfer coatings and substrates. Electrothermic printing ribbons are, per se, well known in the art and are shown, for example in U.S. patents 3,744,611 and 3,989,131. In particular, U.S. patent 3,989,131 mentions transfer layers formed from styrene resins and/or terpene resins and epoxy resins. It also mentions ketonic resins, ethers of colophony and non-drying alkyd resins. (It is noted that colophony is another name for rosin.) Polyamides, phenol-formaldehyde resins, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers have also been found useful in transfer layers. However, the prior art appears to contain no suggestion of the use of glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin for this purpose.
~3505s~
1 It has now been found that superior electrothermic printing may be obtained using a ribbon comprising an electrically conductive substrate and a transfer layer which comprises coloring material and glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin. For reasons which are not understood, the presence of glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin makes the resulting printing capable of finer resolution than previously obtained, and also has the additional advantage of being more readily correctable. Furthermore, the glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin has less tendency to adhere to the electrically conductive substrate and, therefore, transfers more easily than previously known transfer layers.
When glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin is used in the transfer layer, the resulting printing sticks to the paper so that it does not smear. The printing, however, may be removed by lift-off or abrasive methods more readily than previously obtained printing. This totally unexpected advantage makes correction of the printed product much easier than was previously the case.
As is well known in the art, a ribbon for thermo-electric transfer printing comprises an electrically con-ductive substrate. This, conveniently, may be a layer of polycarbonate which has been made electrically con-ductive by the inclusion of small particles of carbon.
This polycarbonate-carbon may, when desired, be coated ;A978056 2 1~3~505~i 1 with a layer of aluminum which is from about 1,000 to about 1,500 A units thick. The transfer layer is placed on top of this conductive substrate. The transfer layer comprises one or more colored materials. The coloring materials most often employed are carbon black and various dyes which may be used alone or in combination with each other.
In general, in the transfer layer of the present invention, it is desirable that the ratio by weight of colored material to glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin be from approximately 2~ to approximately 50~, preferably about 10%.
The transfer layer of the present invention is most conveniently applied to the conductive substrate from solution, for example, by means of a meniscus coater. It has been found that the coating properties of glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin are improved when there is added to the coating mixture some ethyl cellulose. Ethyl cellulose is usually added in an amount from about 5% to about 10% by weight of glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin.
A substrate was prepared of 70% by weight of poly-carbonate resin and 30% conductive carbon dispersed therein.
This layer was metallized with approximately 1200 A units of aluminum. A solution was prepared of 20 grams of STAYBELITE ester 5, 1. 8 grams carbon black and 0.1 grams of methyl violet in 80 grams of isopropyl alcohol.
(STAYBELITE is the trademark of Hercules, Inc. for their brand of glycerol ester of 113505~
partially hydrogenated wood rosin. It is a pale, medium-hard, thermoplastic resin with resistance to oxidation and discoloration. It has a low odor and a low acid number.) The above solution, with the carbon in suspension, was applied to the aluminized layer by means of a meniscus coater. The ink layer, after drying, was determined to be 12 microns thick. The resistive ribbon was used in writing in an electrothermic print-ing apparatus. At a current level of 55-60 milliamps, excellent quality images were obtained; density and image sharpness were a very high order. Furthermore, even though the resulting printing was smear free, it was possible to remove it by lift-off and by abrasion methods.
Another resistive ribbon film was prepared by coating an ink transfèr layer of the following formu-lation on a metallized polycarbonate-carbon resistive layer:
1.60 grams Regal~330 carbon (Cabot Corp) 1.15 grams ethyl cellulose (20Cps) 0.09 grams methyl violet 40.0 grams isopropyl alcohol.
The above was placed in an 8 oz. bottle with 200 grams of steel balls and was mixed on a paint shaker for 45 minutes.
The mixture was allowed to cool and 17.25 grams of Staybelite~ester 5 with 40 grams of isopropyl alcohol was added. The mixture was again placed on a paint shaker for an additional 45 minutes.
After cooling, the mixture was applied on a metal-lized resistive layer by means of a meniscus coater so that the final dry thickness was approximately 2-4 microns thick.
~ tr~ k ~135~)5~
The resultant resistive ribbon was used to print high quality images with good release properties, i.e., the ribbon did not stick to the paper upon transfer of the ink.
The ink must be easily released from the ribbon to the paper during the printing step or the ink will act as a "glue" between the paper and ribbon, preventing separa.ion of the ribbon from the paper. The ink layer with Staybelite ester 5 as a thermoplastic resin is easily released from the metalli~ed resistive layer.
The images were of good resolution.
In another example, a ribbon was made as in Example 2, except 0.86 grams ethyl cellulose was used instead of 1.15 grams. The print was formed at 480 x 480 PEL (Picture Elements). In both cases the images were non-smear with print densities of about l.0 optical density when printed with a voltage of about 12 volts and a current of about 50 milliamps.
Claims (5)
1. A ribbon for non-impact printing comprising an electrically conductive substrate and a transfer layer comprising coloring material and glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin.
2. A ribbon as claimed in Claim 1 in which the transfer layer also comprises ethyl cellulose.
3. A ribbon as claimed in Claim 2 wherein the glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin and the ethyl cellulose are present in a weight ratio of from about 5% to about 10%.
4. A ribbon as claimed in claim 1 wherein the transfer layer is about 3 mils thick.
5. A ribbon as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the coloring material to glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin ester weight ratio is from about 2% to about 50%.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2056779A | 1979-03-15 | 1979-03-15 | |
| US020,567 | 1979-03-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1135056A true CA1135056A (en) | 1982-11-09 |
Family
ID=21799333
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000343628A Expired CA1135056A (en) | 1979-03-15 | 1980-01-14 | Transfer layer for resistive ribbon printing |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0016320A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS55124693A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1135056A (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4400100A (en) * | 1981-03-02 | 1983-08-23 | International Business Machines Corp. | Four layered ribbon for electrothermal printing |
| US4384797A (en) * | 1981-08-13 | 1983-05-24 | International Business Machines Corporation | Single laminated element for thermal printing and lift-off correction, control therefor, and process |
| US4477198A (en) * | 1982-06-15 | 1984-10-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Modified resistive layer in thermal transfer medium having lubricating contact graphite coating |
| US4499140A (en) * | 1984-03-05 | 1985-02-12 | Leedall Products Incorporated | Pressure-sensitive transfer elements and method |
| JPS61229593A (en) * | 1985-04-05 | 1986-10-13 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Thermal transfer sheet |
| US4692044A (en) * | 1985-04-30 | 1987-09-08 | International Business Machines Corporation | Interface resistance and knee voltage enhancement in resistive ribbon printing |
| JPS6213387A (en) * | 1985-07-12 | 1987-01-22 | Canon Inc | Thermal transfer recording method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2360917A1 (en) * | 1976-08-04 | 1978-03-03 | Ozalid Group Holdings Ltd | Master for electrostatic duplication process - has image areas of higher resistivity than background areas on operative side of master |
-
1980
- 1980-01-14 CA CA000343628A patent/CA1135056A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-02-01 EP EP80100496A patent/EP0016320A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-02-20 JP JP1930380A patent/JPS55124693A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0016320A3 (en) | 1981-07-01 |
| EP0016320A2 (en) | 1980-10-01 |
| JPS55124693A (en) | 1980-09-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |