CA1130628A - Apparatus for guiding and conveying ventilation air - Google Patents
Apparatus for guiding and conveying ventilation airInfo
- Publication number
- CA1130628A CA1130628A CA321,887A CA321887A CA1130628A CA 1130628 A CA1130628 A CA 1130628A CA 321887 A CA321887 A CA 321887A CA 1130628 A CA1130628 A CA 1130628A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- air
- ventilation
- room
- guiding
- ventilation air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/01—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station in which secondary air is induced by injector action of the primary air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0003—Exclusively-fluid systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
- F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
- F24F2221/14—Details or features not otherwise provided for mounted on the ceiling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Ventilation (AREA)
- Duct Arrangements (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
APPARATUS FOR GUIDING AND CONVEYING
VENTILATION AIR
Abstract of the Disclosure Apparatus for guiding and distributing ventilation air in rooms and premises, includes means for generating guiding air jets which, by the effect of an additional impulse, guide the ventilation air in a desired direction within the room. The guiding air jets are generated by means of nozzles connected to a separate ducting system with small flow area, and have pressure increasing means, at least a portion of the ventilation air being caused to flow through air treatment means. The said system is adapted for conveying outside air to the air jet nozzles, and the air treatment means are placed in the rooms to be ventilated and are formed as circulation units for the ventilation air guided by the air jets.
VENTILATION AIR
Abstract of the Disclosure Apparatus for guiding and distributing ventilation air in rooms and premises, includes means for generating guiding air jets which, by the effect of an additional impulse, guide the ventilation air in a desired direction within the room. The guiding air jets are generated by means of nozzles connected to a separate ducting system with small flow area, and have pressure increasing means, at least a portion of the ventilation air being caused to flow through air treatment means. The said system is adapted for conveying outside air to the air jet nozzles, and the air treatment means are placed in the rooms to be ventilated and are formed as circulation units for the ventilation air guided by the air jets.
Description
~13~6Z8 ADparatus for guiding an conveying ventilation air The invention relates to an apparatus for guiding and distributing ventilation air in premises and rooms, comprising means for generating guiding air jets which guide ventilation air in a desired direction in the room by providing an additional impulse, the guiding air jets being generated by means of nozzles which are connected to a se?arate small-bore ductin~ system containing nressure increasing means, at least a Dortion of the ventilation air being caused to flow through air treatment means.
It is well-known in prior art to convey and distribute ventilation air in a room with the help of nozzles which blow concentrated air jets in the direction5in which the ventilation air is to be conveyed. According to this known technique, the processed ventilation air can be su?plied to the room at a relatively low rate. A nozzle is ?laced at a specified distance from the air delivery means, or built together with it, said nozzle blowing a Jet of air in a desired direction. The air jet gives incoming air an extra impulse, i.e. extra momenturn, which carries it further on in the room. By placing the nozzles in suitable positions, the incoming air is continuously given the imDulse necessary -For it to be conveyed further to a desired ?lace in the room. The air jets are thus utilized as carriers of the incominy air. The advantage with this system is, as indicated above, that the incoming air can be introduced into the room at a relatively low speed, thus substantially eliminating draft problems and uneven temperature distribution in the room resulting from too lar~e flows and/or speeds of the incoming air. Another advantaye with the known air jet system is that ducts for distributing ventilation air in the rooms which are to be ventilated can be disnensed with, since both conveyance and distribution of air within the room can be carried out using the air jet technique.
~.
~, ~
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It is well-known in prior art to convey and distribute ventilation air in a room with the help of nozzles which blow concentrated air jets in the direction5in which the ventilation air is to be conveyed. According to this known technique, the processed ventilation air can be su?plied to the room at a relatively low rate. A nozzle is ?laced at a specified distance from the air delivery means, or built together with it, said nozzle blowing a Jet of air in a desired direction. The air jet gives incoming air an extra impulse, i.e. extra momenturn, which carries it further on in the room. By placing the nozzles in suitable positions, the incoming air is continuously given the imDulse necessary -For it to be conveyed further to a desired ?lace in the room. The air jets are thus utilized as carriers of the incominy air. The advantage with this system is, as indicated above, that the incoming air can be introduced into the room at a relatively low speed, thus substantially eliminating draft problems and uneven temperature distribution in the room resulting from too lar~e flows and/or speeds of the incoming air. Another advantaye with the known air jet system is that ducts for distributing ventilation air in the rooms which are to be ventilated can be disnensed with, since both conveyance and distribution of air within the room can be carried out using the air jet technique.
~.
~, ~
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2 ~
In the ventilation systems ~reviously known it is still necessary to use large ducts for conveyin~ treated ventilation air to the rooms ^Jhich are to be ventilated. The ventilation air contains a certain amount of outside air together with recirculated and nurified return air which is caused to Dass a central air treatment unit. On the other hand, air to the nozzles can be supplied through a small-bore ducting system, i.e.
ducting with small cross-sectional areas, and this ducting does not need to be insulated, in contrast to the large ducts for the treated air, and is naturally considerably simpler to install and adjust to the building structure.
The present invention intends to eliminate these drawbacks in ventilation systems based on the air iet technique, which includes conveying treated ventilation air in large unisolated ducts to different rooms from a central processing unit by trans~orting treated or untreated outside air to the air jet nozzles instead, while the ventilation air guided by the air 'ets is caused to recirculate through air treatment means which are also circulation units ?laced in each room.
With a ventilation system in accordance with the invention, it is thus only necessary to suDply the small amounts of outside air necessary for meeting the ventilation requirement in each room, and the outside air can be conveyed in a small-bore ducting system which does not need to be insulated, and can be easily suited to the existing or Dlanned building structure.
According to a broad aspect 'che invention relates to a plant for guiding and distributing ventilation air in rooms and premises, comprising means for generating directing air jets which by means of impulse will direct and guide ventilation air in a desired direction within the room, directing air jets being generated by means of nozzles which !j, ~ are connected to a small bore ducting system comprising pressure 2a ~ V6~
generating means, said small bore ducting s~stem being adapted for the distribution of a directing air flow which is substanti-ally less than the flow of ventilation air in said rooms or premises, at least a portion of said ventilation air being called to flow through air treatment means, characterized in that said small bore ducting system is adapted for conveying only outside air to said air jet nozzles, and that said air treatment means are located in or within immediate connection to the premises to the ventilation, said air treatment means comprising circulation units known per se to circulate the ventilation air within said rooms or premises.
Some embodi~ents of the apparatus in accordance with the invention will now be described in detail while referring to the attached drawings, on which --. Fig. 1 is a section of a room havin~ a ceiling air treatment unit with a se?arate air Jet nozzle, ~. ~,,,
In the ventilation systems ~reviously known it is still necessary to use large ducts for conveyin~ treated ventilation air to the rooms ^Jhich are to be ventilated. The ventilation air contains a certain amount of outside air together with recirculated and nurified return air which is caused to Dass a central air treatment unit. On the other hand, air to the nozzles can be supplied through a small-bore ducting system, i.e.
ducting with small cross-sectional areas, and this ducting does not need to be insulated, in contrast to the large ducts for the treated air, and is naturally considerably simpler to install and adjust to the building structure.
The present invention intends to eliminate these drawbacks in ventilation systems based on the air iet technique, which includes conveying treated ventilation air in large unisolated ducts to different rooms from a central processing unit by trans~orting treated or untreated outside air to the air jet nozzles instead, while the ventilation air guided by the air 'ets is caused to recirculate through air treatment means which are also circulation units ?laced in each room.
With a ventilation system in accordance with the invention, it is thus only necessary to suDply the small amounts of outside air necessary for meeting the ventilation requirement in each room, and the outside air can be conveyed in a small-bore ducting system which does not need to be insulated, and can be easily suited to the existing or Dlanned building structure.
According to a broad aspect 'che invention relates to a plant for guiding and distributing ventilation air in rooms and premises, comprising means for generating directing air jets which by means of impulse will direct and guide ventilation air in a desired direction within the room, directing air jets being generated by means of nozzles which !j, ~ are connected to a small bore ducting system comprising pressure 2a ~ V6~
generating means, said small bore ducting s~stem being adapted for the distribution of a directing air flow which is substanti-ally less than the flow of ventilation air in said rooms or premises, at least a portion of said ventilation air being called to flow through air treatment means, characterized in that said small bore ducting system is adapted for conveying only outside air to said air jet nozzles, and that said air treatment means are located in or within immediate connection to the premises to the ventilation, said air treatment means comprising circulation units known per se to circulate the ventilation air within said rooms or premises.
Some embodi~ents of the apparatus in accordance with the invention will now be described in detail while referring to the attached drawings, on which --. Fig. 1 is a section of a room havin~ a ceiling air treatment unit with a se?arate air Jet nozzle, ~. ~,,,
3 113~;z~
Fig. 2 is a section of a room having a floor unit, similarly combined with a separate air jet nozzle, Fig. 3 is a section of a room having a ceiling treatment unit, in which the air Jet nozzle is incornorated as a ?art of the air delivery means, wI-ile Fig. 4 is a plan view of the arrangement in Fig. 3.
The section in Fig. 1 shows a ventilation a?para.us in accordance with the invention, installed in a room with floor 1, ceiling 2 and outer wall 3 with window 4. The temperature in the room is regulated by an air circulation unit 5 with heater 6, cooling battery 7 and a fan ~. The quantity of air through the unit and/or the tem?erature in the heater and cooling batterv is re~ulated by a thermostat (not shown). Air is thus caused to circulate through the unit 5, the return air flowing in through a gri11e 13 to the rear of the apparatus 5, and flowing out through an air delivery grille 9 formed in such a way that the air is caused to flow along the ceiling and towards the interior of the room. In this tyDe of installation, the circulation unit is not capable of keeping insufficiently heated air flowing along the ceiling, and such air will fall downwards, especially with open false ceiling structures, thus causing drafts. Accordin~ to known technique, an air jet nozzle 10 is p1aced immediately behind the unit 5, seen in the direction of the air flow, and is connected in accordance with the invention to a small-bore ducting system 11, intended for conveying outside air to the room.
The jet of outside air gives the air flowing out from the grille 9 an extra imDulse which carries it further along and keeps it against the ceiling until it deflects downwards at the inner wall, and returns along the floor towards the window wall 3, where it turns upwards and is sucked in through the return air grille 13 of the circulation unit 5.
- , ~ ' ' ' : ' ` ' .:' :
In Fig. ~, the circulation unit 5 has been rlaced against the windo wall 3, just under the window 4, and incomin~ air is caused to flow directly upwards towards the ceiling 2, where it deflects towards the interior of the room. The air jet nozzle 10 is placed at the ceiling here as well, the jet from it directed towards the interior of the room to give the air flowing along the ceiling an extra impulse and thereby the desired length of throw, thus preventing the air From falling down towards the floor too quickly and causing drafts. Flow formation is substantially the same here as in Fig. 1.
In Fig. 3 there is shown a section of a hotel room ventilated by means of a circulation unit 5, arranged for blowing air out horizontally above a false ceiling 12 with a grille 13 For return air. As previously, he circulation unit has an air delivery means 9 in which there is incoroorated the a nozzle 10 for a guiding air jet, although/means can naturally be a unit entirely seDarate from the nozzle. The nozzle is connected to a main duct 14 via a duct 11. The ventilation apparatus shown in the Figure is in this case installed in a hall 16 leading to a bedroom 17, the main duct 14 being placed above the false ceiling in a corridor 15, wherefrom entry is made into the hall 15 and from there to the bedroom 17. The circulation unit is olaced above the false ceiling 12 in the hall 16, return air passing through the grille 13 to the circulation unit 5 and via the air delivery grille 9 into the bedroom 17. With this arrangement of the air jet nozzle 1~, the ventilation air is given an extra impulse as it flows out of the delivery means, and the air stream is thus kept against the ceiling 2 until it reaches the outside wall 3 and window 4, where it deflects towards the floor 1 to return to the circulation unit.
,,:
5 ~ )6~8 Fig. li is a nlan view of the arrangement according to Fig. 3, from which it is apparent that the hall 16 with the circulation unit 5 and the air jet nozzle 10 are located along one of the two longitudinal walls of the room, which makes ventilation of the room more difFicult. In a conventional structure, without the cluicling air jet, it is difficult to obtain effective ventilation of the whole room, since air flows and flow sneeds of sufficient magnitude will simultaneously give rise to drafts which cannot be permitted. The nozzle 10 is thus formed so that the air jets can be directed in different directions in the room to ~ive the desired flow formation. The WC and bathroom 19 are naturally e~uipDed with an evacuation outlet ~0 in a conventional manner, which means that a certain amount of the ventilation air su?plied cannot be recirculated. The evacuated air is taken away conventionally by evacuating ducts (not shown).
In this embocliment of an aD~aratus in accordance with the invention the outside air is thus distributed to the guiding ]et nozzles via a small-bore ducting system, with main ducts 11~ and branch ducts 11 to each room, which re~uires comparatively small space in comparison with a.
conventional ventilation system. The outside air distributed in the small-bore system is suitably heated during the cold season by utilizing the evacuation air. During the warm season, the incoming air can be coo1ed instead. Heat recovery during the cold season has also the object of ~revent-in~ condensation on the uninsulated outsides of the ducting system, before the air in the duct has been able to take up sufficient heat from the space above the false ceiling. Cooling during the warm season is also intended to reduce the moisture content of the air. As an alternative to cooling in the summer, the moisture in the air can be removed by an arrangement in the circulation aDDaratus, which must then be connected to a draining system.
.
, ~ . .
' ' .
6 ~ 8 However, what is essential is that apart from the small-bore ducting system, no other system is required for suDplying outside air to the rooms to be ventilated.
_ .
, ~,, -, , ..
~- ,,, :, : ,: :
. ~ : . , :
:
Fig. 2 is a section of a room having a floor unit, similarly combined with a separate air jet nozzle, Fig. 3 is a section of a room having a ceiling treatment unit, in which the air Jet nozzle is incornorated as a ?art of the air delivery means, wI-ile Fig. 4 is a plan view of the arrangement in Fig. 3.
The section in Fig. 1 shows a ventilation a?para.us in accordance with the invention, installed in a room with floor 1, ceiling 2 and outer wall 3 with window 4. The temperature in the room is regulated by an air circulation unit 5 with heater 6, cooling battery 7 and a fan ~. The quantity of air through the unit and/or the tem?erature in the heater and cooling batterv is re~ulated by a thermostat (not shown). Air is thus caused to circulate through the unit 5, the return air flowing in through a gri11e 13 to the rear of the apparatus 5, and flowing out through an air delivery grille 9 formed in such a way that the air is caused to flow along the ceiling and towards the interior of the room. In this tyDe of installation, the circulation unit is not capable of keeping insufficiently heated air flowing along the ceiling, and such air will fall downwards, especially with open false ceiling structures, thus causing drafts. Accordin~ to known technique, an air jet nozzle 10 is p1aced immediately behind the unit 5, seen in the direction of the air flow, and is connected in accordance with the invention to a small-bore ducting system 11, intended for conveying outside air to the room.
The jet of outside air gives the air flowing out from the grille 9 an extra imDulse which carries it further along and keeps it against the ceiling until it deflects downwards at the inner wall, and returns along the floor towards the window wall 3, where it turns upwards and is sucked in through the return air grille 13 of the circulation unit 5.
- , ~ ' ' ' : ' ` ' .:' :
In Fig. ~, the circulation unit 5 has been rlaced against the windo wall 3, just under the window 4, and incomin~ air is caused to flow directly upwards towards the ceiling 2, where it deflects towards the interior of the room. The air jet nozzle 10 is placed at the ceiling here as well, the jet from it directed towards the interior of the room to give the air flowing along the ceiling an extra impulse and thereby the desired length of throw, thus preventing the air From falling down towards the floor too quickly and causing drafts. Flow formation is substantially the same here as in Fig. 1.
In Fig. 3 there is shown a section of a hotel room ventilated by means of a circulation unit 5, arranged for blowing air out horizontally above a false ceiling 12 with a grille 13 For return air. As previously, he circulation unit has an air delivery means 9 in which there is incoroorated the a nozzle 10 for a guiding air jet, although/means can naturally be a unit entirely seDarate from the nozzle. The nozzle is connected to a main duct 14 via a duct 11. The ventilation apparatus shown in the Figure is in this case installed in a hall 16 leading to a bedroom 17, the main duct 14 being placed above the false ceiling in a corridor 15, wherefrom entry is made into the hall 15 and from there to the bedroom 17. The circulation unit is olaced above the false ceiling 12 in the hall 16, return air passing through the grille 13 to the circulation unit 5 and via the air delivery grille 9 into the bedroom 17. With this arrangement of the air jet nozzle 1~, the ventilation air is given an extra impulse as it flows out of the delivery means, and the air stream is thus kept against the ceiling 2 until it reaches the outside wall 3 and window 4, where it deflects towards the floor 1 to return to the circulation unit.
,,:
5 ~ )6~8 Fig. li is a nlan view of the arrangement according to Fig. 3, from which it is apparent that the hall 16 with the circulation unit 5 and the air jet nozzle 10 are located along one of the two longitudinal walls of the room, which makes ventilation of the room more difFicult. In a conventional structure, without the cluicling air jet, it is difficult to obtain effective ventilation of the whole room, since air flows and flow sneeds of sufficient magnitude will simultaneously give rise to drafts which cannot be permitted. The nozzle 10 is thus formed so that the air jets can be directed in different directions in the room to ~ive the desired flow formation. The WC and bathroom 19 are naturally e~uipDed with an evacuation outlet ~0 in a conventional manner, which means that a certain amount of the ventilation air su?plied cannot be recirculated. The evacuated air is taken away conventionally by evacuating ducts (not shown).
In this embocliment of an aD~aratus in accordance with the invention the outside air is thus distributed to the guiding ]et nozzles via a small-bore ducting system, with main ducts 11~ and branch ducts 11 to each room, which re~uires comparatively small space in comparison with a.
conventional ventilation system. The outside air distributed in the small-bore system is suitably heated during the cold season by utilizing the evacuation air. During the warm season, the incoming air can be coo1ed instead. Heat recovery during the cold season has also the object of ~revent-in~ condensation on the uninsulated outsides of the ducting system, before the air in the duct has been able to take up sufficient heat from the space above the false ceiling. Cooling during the warm season is also intended to reduce the moisture content of the air. As an alternative to cooling in the summer, the moisture in the air can be removed by an arrangement in the circulation aDDaratus, which must then be connected to a draining system.
.
, ~ . .
' ' .
6 ~ 8 However, what is essential is that apart from the small-bore ducting system, no other system is required for suDplying outside air to the rooms to be ventilated.
_ .
, ~,, -, , ..
~- ,,, :, : ,: :
. ~ : . , :
:
Claims (3)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A plant for guiding and distributing ventilation air in rooms and premises, comprising means for generating directing air jets which by means of impulse will direct and guide ventilation air in a desired direction within the room, directing air jets being generated by means of nozzles which are connected to a small bore ducting system comprising pressure generating means, said small bore ducting system being adapted for the distribution of a directing air flow which is substanti-ally less than the flow of ventilation air in said rooms or premises, at least a portion of said ventilation air being called to flow through air treatment means, characterized in that said small bore ducting system is adapted for conveying only outside air to said air jet nozzles, and that said air treatment means are located in or within immediate connection to the premises to the ventilation, said air treatment means comprising circu-lation units known per se to circulate the ventilation air within said rooms or premises.
2. A plant according to claim 1, characterized in that each circulation unit comprises at least one air jet nozzle incorpor-ated in the air delivering means of the unit.
3. A plant according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one air jet nozzle is located in each room and is separated from the circulation unit.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE7802009-6 | 1978-02-21 | ||
| SE7802009A SE422708B (en) | 1978-02-21 | 1978-02-21 | DEVICE FOR VENTILATION AIR CONTROL AND DISTRIBUTION |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1130628A true CA1130628A (en) | 1982-08-31 |
Family
ID=20334066
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA321,887A Expired CA1130628A (en) | 1978-02-21 | 1979-02-20 | Apparatus for guiding and conveying ventilation air |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1130628A (en) |
| DK (1) | DK75579A (en) |
| FI (1) | FI790479A (en) |
| IN (1) | IN151215B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1120315B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7901143A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO144979C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE422708B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4819548A (en) * | 1987-05-07 | 1989-04-11 | The Boeing Company | Dual nozzle cabin ventilation system |
| FI81900C (en) * | 1987-05-13 | 1990-12-10 | Insinoeoeritoimisto Risto Cast | Ventilation device and ventilation method |
-
1978
- 1978-02-21 SE SE7802009A patent/SE422708B/en unknown
-
1979
- 1979-02-13 NL NL7901143A patent/NL7901143A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-02-13 FI FI790479A patent/FI790479A/en unknown
- 1979-02-14 IN IN102/DEL/79A patent/IN151215B/en unknown
- 1979-02-16 NO NO790525A patent/NO144979C/en unknown
- 1979-02-20 IT IT332979A patent/IT1120315B/en active
- 1979-02-20 CA CA321,887A patent/CA1130628A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-02-21 DK DK75579A patent/DK75579A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE422708B (en) | 1982-03-22 |
| DK75579A (en) | 1979-08-22 |
| IT7903329A0 (en) | 1979-02-20 |
| NL7901143A (en) | 1979-08-23 |
| NO790525L (en) | 1979-08-22 |
| SE7802009L (en) | 1979-08-22 |
| NO144979C (en) | 1981-12-16 |
| IT1120315B (en) | 1986-03-19 |
| IN151215B (en) | 1983-03-12 |
| FI790479A (en) | 1979-08-22 |
| NO144979B (en) | 1981-09-07 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |