CA1127392A - Iron powder mixed with impregnated fibrous and carbonaceous powders for warming bag - Google Patents
Iron powder mixed with impregnated fibrous and carbonaceous powders for warming bagInfo
- Publication number
- CA1127392A CA1127392A CA334,997A CA334997A CA1127392A CA 1127392 A CA1127392 A CA 1127392A CA 334997 A CA334997 A CA 334997A CA 1127392 A CA1127392 A CA 1127392A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bag
- nonventilated
- inner bag
- exothermic
- warming
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/16—Materials undergoing chemical reactions when used
- C09K5/18—Non-reversible chemical reactions
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present invetion provides an exothermic composition prepared by mixing an iron powder with a mixed fibrous and carbonaceous powder as impregnated with a solution prepared by dissolving a proper amount of a neutral salt in an aqueous solution of an alkali or alkaline weak acid salt so as to mature when left sealed. The present invention also provides a warming bag wherein said exothermic composition is contained in a ventilated inner bag provided in a part with a group of ventilating holes and a nonventilated label covering it and this inner bag is contained in a nonventilated outer bag.
The present invetion provides an exothermic composition prepared by mixing an iron powder with a mixed fibrous and carbonaceous powder as impregnated with a solution prepared by dissolving a proper amount of a neutral salt in an aqueous solution of an alkali or alkaline weak acid salt so as to mature when left sealed. The present invention also provides a warming bag wherein said exothermic composition is contained in a ventilated inner bag provided in a part with a group of ventilating holes and a nonventilated label covering it and this inner bag is contained in a nonventilated outer bag.
Description
~a~'73~2 The present invention relates to an exothermic com-position forwarmingbags for use in warming the humanbody by using as a heat source a compound of a metal powder generating heat in the presence of water and oxygen. The present invention also provides a warming bag containing the composition.
A warmlng bag is known containing a composition prepared by adding an aqueous solution of a metallic halide salt, such as NaCl, KCl, CaC12, FeC13, FeC12, MgC12, or AlC13, or a metallic sulfate salt, such as Na2SO4, K2SO4, Fe(SO~)3, FeSO4 or MgSO4 to a mixture of active carbon with an exothermic metal such as an iron powder in a single bag so as to generate heat in the introduction of air. However, when such exothermic composition is lefi insulated all from air, hydrogen will be gradually and continuously generated, will accumulate in the bag/ will become high in concentration with the lapse of days, will occasionally inflate the bag and there will be the danger of ignition and explosion. The merchandised conventional warm-ing bag is usually of a structure in which an exothermic metal and a reaction assistant are separately sectioned from each other in a vented inner bag which is enclosed with a non-vented outer bag. When the bag is to be used, the outer bag must be broken and the inner bag taken out, shaken and kneaded to mix the contents which is troublesome. When the mixing is insufficient, the time of heat generation will be reduced and the iron powder will become block-like and will give a different ~eeling.
Further, the charying structure is so complicated that the pro-duction rate can not be increased and the cost is high.
The present invention provides an exothermic composition wherein an exothermic metal and an exothermic assistant are not sectioned from each other but are mixed together, such exothermic charactexs as a warm feeling and heat generation durability are not impaired and there is no danger of ignition and explosion.
~2~392:
Thus the disadvantages of the conventional warming bag are avoided.
According to the present invention there is provided an exothermic composition ~or warming bags which is prepared by mixing 20 to 25 parts by weight of an iron powder with a mixed ~ibrous and carbonaceous powder impregnated with a solution prepared by dissolving a proper amount of a neutral salt in 8 to 15 parts by weight of an aqueous solution of a 0.05 to 1-normal alkali or alkaline weak acid salt and leaving the mixture as sealed, to mature. The exothermic composition according to the present invention has the following effects: (I) It is possible to produce a warming bag wherein even though the exothermic metal and reaction assistant are mixed together in a bag, the generation of hydrogen is inhibited and, even when it is stored for a long time, there is no danger of ignition and explosion and the exothermic performance of the composition are not impaired. (II) The exothermic metal (iron powder) and reaction assistant (the aqueous salt solution, carbonaceous and fibrous materials, water and the like) are uniformly mixed, the generation of hydrogen is prevented by adding a proper amount of the alkali or alkaline weak acid salt to mature.
Therefore the quality of the product does not fluctuate and a highly efficient heat generation durability and an excellent warm feeling are exhibited. (III) As the exothermic composition is homogenously mixed, such charging structure of the exothermic composition as (a) means of containing it in an inner bag having a ventilating part in a ~ortion and packing and sealing the inner bag with a non-ventilated outer bag or (b) means of containing it in a non-ventilated bag having a ventilating part in a portion on which a non-ventilated label is pasted is simple.
An ordinary automatically made bag can be easily charged at a high speed and the production cost can be substantially reduced ~ 739 .
as compared with the sectioned charged conventional warming bag.
(IV) In the case of ~III)(a), the inner bag is taken out of the outer bag and can be used per se fitted to the human body. In the case of (III) (b), the label is peeled off the inner bag which can be used per se fitted to the human body.
Therefore, the warming bag accordiny to the present invention is much simpler in the using operation than the sec-tioned charged conventional warming bag.
The present invention will be further illustrated by way of the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a partly sectioned perspective view of a warming bag according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partly sectioned perspective view of an inner bag.
The experimental results comparing respectively the exothermic performances and the amounts of hydrogen generated as insulated from air (e.g. during the storage) of the convention-al exothermic composition and the exothermic composition of the present invention are as follows.
(1) Method of measuring the amount of generated hydrogen.
A container having an inlet pipe and outlet pipe was charged in the centra-l portion with a fixed amount of each sample so that nitrogen gas might contact and carry it, was arranged in a thermostatic tank and was kept at a predetermined temperature. Nitrogen in a bottle was humidified to be of a selected humidity in a selected flow volume and was piped into the inlet pipe. The nitroyen gas having contacted the sample was piped through a gas-chromatograph and flow meter connected to the outlet pipe, The amount of hydrogen generated per hour delivered by the sample was calculated from the analysis value of the hydrogen concentration in the outlet nitrogen gas and the gas flow measured value.
A warmlng bag is known containing a composition prepared by adding an aqueous solution of a metallic halide salt, such as NaCl, KCl, CaC12, FeC13, FeC12, MgC12, or AlC13, or a metallic sulfate salt, such as Na2SO4, K2SO4, Fe(SO~)3, FeSO4 or MgSO4 to a mixture of active carbon with an exothermic metal such as an iron powder in a single bag so as to generate heat in the introduction of air. However, when such exothermic composition is lefi insulated all from air, hydrogen will be gradually and continuously generated, will accumulate in the bag/ will become high in concentration with the lapse of days, will occasionally inflate the bag and there will be the danger of ignition and explosion. The merchandised conventional warm-ing bag is usually of a structure in which an exothermic metal and a reaction assistant are separately sectioned from each other in a vented inner bag which is enclosed with a non-vented outer bag. When the bag is to be used, the outer bag must be broken and the inner bag taken out, shaken and kneaded to mix the contents which is troublesome. When the mixing is insufficient, the time of heat generation will be reduced and the iron powder will become block-like and will give a different ~eeling.
Further, the charying structure is so complicated that the pro-duction rate can not be increased and the cost is high.
The present invention provides an exothermic composition wherein an exothermic metal and an exothermic assistant are not sectioned from each other but are mixed together, such exothermic charactexs as a warm feeling and heat generation durability are not impaired and there is no danger of ignition and explosion.
~2~392:
Thus the disadvantages of the conventional warming bag are avoided.
According to the present invention there is provided an exothermic composition ~or warming bags which is prepared by mixing 20 to 25 parts by weight of an iron powder with a mixed ~ibrous and carbonaceous powder impregnated with a solution prepared by dissolving a proper amount of a neutral salt in 8 to 15 parts by weight of an aqueous solution of a 0.05 to 1-normal alkali or alkaline weak acid salt and leaving the mixture as sealed, to mature. The exothermic composition according to the present invention has the following effects: (I) It is possible to produce a warming bag wherein even though the exothermic metal and reaction assistant are mixed together in a bag, the generation of hydrogen is inhibited and, even when it is stored for a long time, there is no danger of ignition and explosion and the exothermic performance of the composition are not impaired. (II) The exothermic metal (iron powder) and reaction assistant (the aqueous salt solution, carbonaceous and fibrous materials, water and the like) are uniformly mixed, the generation of hydrogen is prevented by adding a proper amount of the alkali or alkaline weak acid salt to mature.
Therefore the quality of the product does not fluctuate and a highly efficient heat generation durability and an excellent warm feeling are exhibited. (III) As the exothermic composition is homogenously mixed, such charging structure of the exothermic composition as (a) means of containing it in an inner bag having a ventilating part in a ~ortion and packing and sealing the inner bag with a non-ventilated outer bag or (b) means of containing it in a non-ventilated bag having a ventilating part in a portion on which a non-ventilated label is pasted is simple.
An ordinary automatically made bag can be easily charged at a high speed and the production cost can be substantially reduced ~ 739 .
as compared with the sectioned charged conventional warming bag.
(IV) In the case of ~III)(a), the inner bag is taken out of the outer bag and can be used per se fitted to the human body. In the case of (III) (b), the label is peeled off the inner bag which can be used per se fitted to the human body.
Therefore, the warming bag accordiny to the present invention is much simpler in the using operation than the sec-tioned charged conventional warming bag.
The present invention will be further illustrated by way of the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a partly sectioned perspective view of a warming bag according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partly sectioned perspective view of an inner bag.
The experimental results comparing respectively the exothermic performances and the amounts of hydrogen generated as insulated from air (e.g. during the storage) of the convention-al exothermic composition and the exothermic composition of the present invention are as follows.
(1) Method of measuring the amount of generated hydrogen.
A container having an inlet pipe and outlet pipe was charged in the centra-l portion with a fixed amount of each sample so that nitrogen gas might contact and carry it, was arranged in a thermostatic tank and was kept at a predetermined temperature. Nitrogen in a bottle was humidified to be of a selected humidity in a selected flow volume and was piped into the inlet pipe. The nitroyen gas having contacted the sample was piped through a gas-chromatograph and flow meter connected to the outlet pipe, The amount of hydrogen generated per hour delivered by the sample was calculated from the analysis value of the hydrogen concentration in the outlet nitrogen gas and the gas flow measured value.
(2) Method of measuring the heat ~eneration (warm feeling test).
A rectangular flat inner bag of outer peripheral effective dimensions of 8 cm. wide x 12 cm. long was made by thermally fusing a film made by laminating a nonwoven fabric (of 40 g./m2.) and a polyethylene film (of 70 microns) on the outer periphery,except one end hacl 230 pinholes of a diameter of 0.5 mm. through one surface 50 as to be ventilated, was charged with a fixed amount of each sample, it was thermally fused on the end, was then put into an outer bag of a non-ventilated film and was seAled.
In the testing method, the inner bag was taken out of the outer bag, was once gripped down to introduce air into the bag and was closely fitted to a human body through underwear.
The time when the inner bag was taken out of the outer bag was made a starting point. The time until a pleasant temperature was reached was made the temperature rising time. Then the time until the temperature lowered to 40C was made ~ heat yeneration lasting time. ~ach sample was tested under the same conditions.
A rectangular flat inner bag of outer peripheral effective dimensions of 8 cm. wide x 12 cm. long was made by thermally fusing a film made by laminating a nonwoven fabric (of 40 g./m2.) and a polyethylene film (of 70 microns) on the outer periphery,except one end hacl 230 pinholes of a diameter of 0.5 mm. through one surface 50 as to be ventilated, was charged with a fixed amount of each sample, it was thermally fused on the end, was then put into an outer bag of a non-ventilated film and was seAled.
In the testing method, the inner bag was taken out of the outer bag, was once gripped down to introduce air into the bag and was closely fitted to a human body through underwear.
The time when the inner bag was taken out of the outer bag was made a starting point. The time until a pleasant temperature was reached was made the temperature rising time. Then the time until the temperature lowered to 40C was made ~ heat yeneration lasting time. ~ach sample was tested under the same conditions.
(3) Conditions of preparing the sample.
A mixture of 2~ g. of an iron powder, 4.5 g. of an active carbon powder as a carbonaceous material and 6 g. of a wood powder as a fibrous material was common to the respective samples. The above described mixture of the active carbon and wood powder was impregnated with an aqueous solution of a salt shown in the following Table or a solution prepared by dissolving hydrochloric acid in a normal solution of an alkali or alkaline weak acid salt and was mixed the iron powder to prepare a sample. Each sample was left to mature as sealed for 15 hours and was tested. That is to say, the known conven-tional exothermic composition was made a reference and had (NaOH~ and Ba(OH)2 as alkalis and Na2CO3, NaHCO3 and Na3PO4 as alkaline weak acid salts added thereto.
~;~392 Known exother~ic composition samples ~a, b), samples of the present invention to which an alkali or an alkaline weak acid salt was added ~c to j) and samples containing no salt and having had an alkali or an alkaline weak acid salt added (k and 1) for information were prepared and were tested under the same conditions.
Sample sign Added amount of Added amount of the alkali the salttin g.) or alkaline weak acid salt _ (in ml.) a FeC13 1.5 Pure water 10 b NaCl 1.5 " 10 c ll ll lN NaOH
d ll ll 0.lN NaOH
e ll ll 0.05N NaOH
f " ,. 0.lN Ba(OH)2 g ll ll lN Na2CO3 h ll ll 0.lN Na2CO3 i 11 tl O . lN NaHCO3 j 11 ,l O . lN Na3PO4 k None 0 lN NaOH
1 None 0 lN NaHCO3
A mixture of 2~ g. of an iron powder, 4.5 g. of an active carbon powder as a carbonaceous material and 6 g. of a wood powder as a fibrous material was common to the respective samples. The above described mixture of the active carbon and wood powder was impregnated with an aqueous solution of a salt shown in the following Table or a solution prepared by dissolving hydrochloric acid in a normal solution of an alkali or alkaline weak acid salt and was mixed the iron powder to prepare a sample. Each sample was left to mature as sealed for 15 hours and was tested. That is to say, the known conven-tional exothermic composition was made a reference and had (NaOH~ and Ba(OH)2 as alkalis and Na2CO3, NaHCO3 and Na3PO4 as alkaline weak acid salts added thereto.
~;~392 Known exother~ic composition samples ~a, b), samples of the present invention to which an alkali or an alkaline weak acid salt was added ~c to j) and samples containing no salt and having had an alkali or an alkaline weak acid salt added (k and 1) for information were prepared and were tested under the same conditions.
Sample sign Added amount of Added amount of the alkali the salttin g.) or alkaline weak acid salt _ (in ml.) a FeC13 1.5 Pure water 10 b NaCl 1.5 " 10 c ll ll lN NaOH
d ll ll 0.lN NaOH
e ll ll 0.05N NaOH
f " ,. 0.lN Ba(OH)2 g ll ll lN Na2CO3 h ll ll 0.lN Na2CO3 i 11 tl O . lN NaHCO3 j 11 ,l O . lN Na3PO4 k None 0 lN NaOH
1 None 0 lN NaHCO3
(4) Test results.
~I) Amount of generated hydrogen.
~s the amount of generated hydrogen of each exothermic composition sho~ed a stabilized value in about 50 hours after nitrogen gas began to be passed, the measured value of each sample in 50 hours from the beginning was shown. The temperature of the composition was maintained at the room temperature (1~C) and 40C. The humidity was maintained at the atmospheric pressure saturation at the testing temperature.
7;~Z
Sample Sign A~ount of generated hydrogen (in ml./hr.) At the room At 40C
. _ . _ temperature (18C) a ' 1.2 3.1 b 0.15 0.3 c O 0.001>
d 0.014 0.025 e 0.035 0.06 f 0.04 0.038 g 0.005 0.024 h - 0.03 0.063 i 0.035 0.06 i 0.02 0.04 k 0 0 1 O , .
(II) Exothermic performances.
_ ~ample sign Temperature Lasting time Warm feeling rising time ~in hours) : _ . _(in minutes.) . .
a 3 20 Pleasant (rather high in tempera-ture) b 5 20 Pleasant c 18 36 Rather low d 3 27 Pleasant e 5 26 Pleasant (rather ture) f 3 24 Pleasant g 17 32 Rather low h 3 28 Pleasant i 4 25 Pleasant ~7392 -(II) Exothermlc pexformances. (continued~
i 3 24 Pleasant (rather¦
high in tempera-¦
k None 0 No heat genera- ¦
_ None No heat genera-When an a~ueous solution of an alkali of 0.05 to lN
was added to mature the composition, the amount of generated hydrogen of the exothermlc composition could be maintained less than the amount of hydrogen permeated through the nonventilated outer bag film and the danger could be eliminated.
When the nonventilated bag was charged with each of the compositions (c to j) of the present invention and was left at ambient temperature for one year, the bag was not seen to in~late. The hydrogen concentration within the bag was shown to be less than 0.1% and it was confirmed that there was no danger. However, the hydrogen concentration within the bag charged with each of the known compositions (a and b) was shown to be 5 to 9%.
The a~ueous lN alkalisolution additivehad along duration of heat generation but was slow in the temperature rising and was rather low in the warm feeling. However, the O.lN alkali or alkaline weak acid salt additive was fast in the temperature rising, was favorable in the warm feeling and was shown to be longer in the heat generation duration than the conventional compositions. The alkali or alkaline weak acid salt concentra-tion of about 0.1 to 0.5N showed favorable results in the warm feeling and durability.
Even when the exothermic composition was sealed and matured for 10 hours after being mixed, the generation of hydrogen 73~2 could be substantially pxevented. The sealed maturiny for more than 15 hours was preferable. As shown in the control samples (k and 1~, in case an aqueous solution of an alkali or an alkaline weak acid salt was added to the exothermic composi-tion from which the salt had been removed, no heat was generated and the amount of the generated hydrogen was zero.
As described above, as compared with the conventional composition, the exothermic composition of the present invention is very low in the amount of generated hydrogen, provides no danger and shows excellent exothermic performances. In the production, the composition o~ the present invention can be made at a bag charging rate twice as high as the conventional article (charged as sectioned) and can be remarkably reduced in the production cost.
Referring once more to the accompanying drawings, an exothermic composition 1 prepared by mixing 25 g. of an iron powder, 4.5 g. of active carbon, 6 g. of a wood powder and 1.5 g. of table salt, adding 10 c.c. of 0.1N NaOH to the mixture, putting the mixtur~ in a sealed container and then leaving it to mature, is contained in an inner bag 2. Th~ inner bag 2 is made of the above mentioned sample, that is, a nonventilated film 3 formed of a laminated film of a nonwoven fabric of 40 g./m and polyethylene of 70 microns, is made a flat rectangle of effective outer peripheral dimensions of 8 cm. long x 12 cm.
wide and is thermally fused at 4 on the three sides. One side has a ventilating hole group 5 of about 230 pinholes of diameter of 0.5 mm. formed on the surface and has a nonventilated label 6 pasted with an acrylic resin paste on this ventilating hole group 5.
An outer bag 7 which contains the inner bag 2 and in which a nonventilated film 8 formed of a transparent KOPET
~a trademark) ~ilm made by laminating polypropylene of 15 microns ~Z73~;~
on the outside and polyethylene of 50 microns on the inside and coated with vinylidene chlorlde is used, is in the form of a rectangle of effective outer peripheral dimensions of 11 cm.
long x 16 cm wide and is thermally fused at 9 on the three sides. The inner bag 2 charged with the above mentioned e~o-thermic composition 1 is contained in this outer bag 7 and then the outer bag 7 is thermally fused on the remaining one side to form the warming bag 11. ~ notch 12 is made on the outer bag 7.
One side of the outer bag 7 is cut off through this notch 12 and the inner bag 2 is taken out to use the warming bag 11.
Examples Six samples of the above mentioned exothermic composi-tion were prepared. Three inner bags having no label and three inner bags pasted with labels were charged with the respective samples under the same conditions, were then thermally sealed and were inserted into the respective outer bags and the outer bags were thermally sealed to make a total of six sealed samples.
Long standing tests were started on April 1, 1977. In order to confirm the heat generation duration in the use at the time of the beginning, each of the bag without the label and the bag with the label was used. Then each of the bag without the label and the bag with the label was arranged by the side of a sunny window. Each of the bag without the label and the bag with the label was arranged within a shady room. How the appearance ana the heat generation durability varied when they were left fox about one year was observed and confirmed. The results were as foll~ws;
~L~Z73~
Appearance TestS
Sample name S~mple without label Sample with label . ..
Arranging place By the side ~ithin shady By the side Within shady of window room of window room ..
April, 1977 Nothing wrong Nothing wrong Nothing wrong Nothing wrong June, 1977 ll ~- ~-August, 1977 Water drops accumulated within the outer bag and the in-ner bag was wet October, 1977 The inner The outer ll : bag was wet bag was by 2/3 and cloudy on a large a- the inside mount of surface and water was the inner present bag was within the partly wet : the outer bag December, 1977 ll .. . 1~ ., February, 1978 .. ll ll "
April, 1978 ll .- ~- ll June, 1978 .
Practice Tests (Heat generation duration in the use) .. .
Sample without label Sample with label _____ _ _ ~ , ..... .. ___ April, 1977 27H 27H
June, 1978 By the side With shady By the side With shady of window room of window room . 12H 18H 24H 27H
__ . . __ __ When the sample without the label was arranged by the side of the sunny window, with the rise of the temperature, the water contentinthe exothermic composition evaporated severely, when the temperature lowered at night, the inner bag was wet on ~Z~3~2 the surface ~ith water drops and, with the lapse of days, the amount of water on the outside increased to stain the surface of the bag, the commodity value was remarkably reduced and the heat generation durability in the use remarkably deteriorated.
However, with the sample with the label, irrespective of the shady room or the window side, the inner bag was not wet on the surface with water drops, the heat generation durability did not substantially vary as compared with that at the beginning of the test and the sample was confirmed to be endurable to a long perservation.
.~ ~
~I) Amount of generated hydrogen.
~s the amount of generated hydrogen of each exothermic composition sho~ed a stabilized value in about 50 hours after nitrogen gas began to be passed, the measured value of each sample in 50 hours from the beginning was shown. The temperature of the composition was maintained at the room temperature (1~C) and 40C. The humidity was maintained at the atmospheric pressure saturation at the testing temperature.
7;~Z
Sample Sign A~ount of generated hydrogen (in ml./hr.) At the room At 40C
. _ . _ temperature (18C) a ' 1.2 3.1 b 0.15 0.3 c O 0.001>
d 0.014 0.025 e 0.035 0.06 f 0.04 0.038 g 0.005 0.024 h - 0.03 0.063 i 0.035 0.06 i 0.02 0.04 k 0 0 1 O , .
(II) Exothermic performances.
_ ~ample sign Temperature Lasting time Warm feeling rising time ~in hours) : _ . _(in minutes.) . .
a 3 20 Pleasant (rather high in tempera-ture) b 5 20 Pleasant c 18 36 Rather low d 3 27 Pleasant e 5 26 Pleasant (rather ture) f 3 24 Pleasant g 17 32 Rather low h 3 28 Pleasant i 4 25 Pleasant ~7392 -(II) Exothermlc pexformances. (continued~
i 3 24 Pleasant (rather¦
high in tempera-¦
k None 0 No heat genera- ¦
_ None No heat genera-When an a~ueous solution of an alkali of 0.05 to lN
was added to mature the composition, the amount of generated hydrogen of the exothermlc composition could be maintained less than the amount of hydrogen permeated through the nonventilated outer bag film and the danger could be eliminated.
When the nonventilated bag was charged with each of the compositions (c to j) of the present invention and was left at ambient temperature for one year, the bag was not seen to in~late. The hydrogen concentration within the bag was shown to be less than 0.1% and it was confirmed that there was no danger. However, the hydrogen concentration within the bag charged with each of the known compositions (a and b) was shown to be 5 to 9%.
The a~ueous lN alkalisolution additivehad along duration of heat generation but was slow in the temperature rising and was rather low in the warm feeling. However, the O.lN alkali or alkaline weak acid salt additive was fast in the temperature rising, was favorable in the warm feeling and was shown to be longer in the heat generation duration than the conventional compositions. The alkali or alkaline weak acid salt concentra-tion of about 0.1 to 0.5N showed favorable results in the warm feeling and durability.
Even when the exothermic composition was sealed and matured for 10 hours after being mixed, the generation of hydrogen 73~2 could be substantially pxevented. The sealed maturiny for more than 15 hours was preferable. As shown in the control samples (k and 1~, in case an aqueous solution of an alkali or an alkaline weak acid salt was added to the exothermic composi-tion from which the salt had been removed, no heat was generated and the amount of the generated hydrogen was zero.
As described above, as compared with the conventional composition, the exothermic composition of the present invention is very low in the amount of generated hydrogen, provides no danger and shows excellent exothermic performances. In the production, the composition o~ the present invention can be made at a bag charging rate twice as high as the conventional article (charged as sectioned) and can be remarkably reduced in the production cost.
Referring once more to the accompanying drawings, an exothermic composition 1 prepared by mixing 25 g. of an iron powder, 4.5 g. of active carbon, 6 g. of a wood powder and 1.5 g. of table salt, adding 10 c.c. of 0.1N NaOH to the mixture, putting the mixtur~ in a sealed container and then leaving it to mature, is contained in an inner bag 2. Th~ inner bag 2 is made of the above mentioned sample, that is, a nonventilated film 3 formed of a laminated film of a nonwoven fabric of 40 g./m and polyethylene of 70 microns, is made a flat rectangle of effective outer peripheral dimensions of 8 cm. long x 12 cm.
wide and is thermally fused at 4 on the three sides. One side has a ventilating hole group 5 of about 230 pinholes of diameter of 0.5 mm. formed on the surface and has a nonventilated label 6 pasted with an acrylic resin paste on this ventilating hole group 5.
An outer bag 7 which contains the inner bag 2 and in which a nonventilated film 8 formed of a transparent KOPET
~a trademark) ~ilm made by laminating polypropylene of 15 microns ~Z73~;~
on the outside and polyethylene of 50 microns on the inside and coated with vinylidene chlorlde is used, is in the form of a rectangle of effective outer peripheral dimensions of 11 cm.
long x 16 cm wide and is thermally fused at 9 on the three sides. The inner bag 2 charged with the above mentioned e~o-thermic composition 1 is contained in this outer bag 7 and then the outer bag 7 is thermally fused on the remaining one side to form the warming bag 11. ~ notch 12 is made on the outer bag 7.
One side of the outer bag 7 is cut off through this notch 12 and the inner bag 2 is taken out to use the warming bag 11.
Examples Six samples of the above mentioned exothermic composi-tion were prepared. Three inner bags having no label and three inner bags pasted with labels were charged with the respective samples under the same conditions, were then thermally sealed and were inserted into the respective outer bags and the outer bags were thermally sealed to make a total of six sealed samples.
Long standing tests were started on April 1, 1977. In order to confirm the heat generation duration in the use at the time of the beginning, each of the bag without the label and the bag with the label was used. Then each of the bag without the label and the bag with the label was arranged by the side of a sunny window. Each of the bag without the label and the bag with the label was arranged within a shady room. How the appearance ana the heat generation durability varied when they were left fox about one year was observed and confirmed. The results were as foll~ws;
~L~Z73~
Appearance TestS
Sample name S~mple without label Sample with label . ..
Arranging place By the side ~ithin shady By the side Within shady of window room of window room ..
April, 1977 Nothing wrong Nothing wrong Nothing wrong Nothing wrong June, 1977 ll ~- ~-August, 1977 Water drops accumulated within the outer bag and the in-ner bag was wet October, 1977 The inner The outer ll : bag was wet bag was by 2/3 and cloudy on a large a- the inside mount of surface and water was the inner present bag was within the partly wet : the outer bag December, 1977 ll .. . 1~ ., February, 1978 .. ll ll "
April, 1978 ll .- ~- ll June, 1978 .
Practice Tests (Heat generation duration in the use) .. .
Sample without label Sample with label _____ _ _ ~ , ..... .. ___ April, 1977 27H 27H
June, 1978 By the side With shady By the side With shady of window room of window room . 12H 18H 24H 27H
__ . . __ __ When the sample without the label was arranged by the side of the sunny window, with the rise of the temperature, the water contentinthe exothermic composition evaporated severely, when the temperature lowered at night, the inner bag was wet on ~Z~3~2 the surface ~ith water drops and, with the lapse of days, the amount of water on the outside increased to stain the surface of the bag, the commodity value was remarkably reduced and the heat generation durability in the use remarkably deteriorated.
However, with the sample with the label, irrespective of the shady room or the window side, the inner bag was not wet on the surface with water drops, the heat generation durability did not substantially vary as compared with that at the beginning of the test and the sample was confirmed to be endurable to a long perservation.
.~ ~
Claims (3)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An exothermic composition for warming bags pre-pared by mixing 20 to 25 parts by weight of an iron powder with mixed fibrous and carbonaceous powders as impregnated with a solution prepared by dissolving a proper amount of a neutral salt in 8 to 15 parts by weight of an aqueous solution of a 0.05 to l-normal alkali or alkaline weak acid salt and leaving the mixture as sealed to mature.
2. A warming bag containing the exothermic composi-tion according to claim l in a nonventilated inner bag provided on a part of the surface with a ventilating hole group of pin holes said inner bag being contained in a nonventilated outer bag.
3. A warming bag containing the exothermic composition according to claim 1 in a nonventilated inner bag provided on a part of the surface with a ventilating hole group of pinholes and a nonventilated label covering the hole group and said inner bag being contained in a nonventilated outer bag.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12493878A JPS5552377A (en) | 1978-10-11 | 1978-10-11 | Heat-generating composition for pocket heater |
| JP124938/1978 | 1978-10-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1127392A true CA1127392A (en) | 1982-07-13 |
Family
ID=14897888
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA334,997A Expired CA1127392A (en) | 1978-10-11 | 1979-09-04 | Iron powder mixed with impregnated fibrous and carbonaceous powders for warming bag |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5552377A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1127392A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2940701A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020183034A1 (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-17 | Global Termobiomasa S.L. | Disposable autonomous thermal device |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5731980A (en) * | 1980-08-04 | 1982-02-20 | Nippon Biru Nagaoka Kk | Heat-generating material |
| JPS62101682A (en) * | 1985-10-29 | 1987-05-12 | Toshihiko Matsuda | Preparation of body warmer chemical |
| CN110338966A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-18 | 苏州市蓝博温医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of spontaneous backing of steam type hot compress and its preparation method and application |
-
1978
- 1978-10-11 JP JP12493878A patent/JPS5552377A/en active Granted
-
1979
- 1979-09-04 CA CA334,997A patent/CA1127392A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-08 DE DE19792940701 patent/DE2940701A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020183034A1 (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-17 | Global Termobiomasa S.L. | Disposable autonomous thermal device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2940701A1 (en) | 1980-04-24 |
| JPS5726704B2 (en) | 1982-06-05 |
| JPS5552377A (en) | 1980-04-16 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |