CA1126109A - Manifolds for internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Manifolds for internal combustion engineInfo
- Publication number
- CA1126109A CA1126109A CA331,856A CA331856A CA1126109A CA 1126109 A CA1126109 A CA 1126109A CA 331856 A CA331856 A CA 331856A CA 1126109 A CA1126109 A CA 1126109A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- body part
- parts
- manifold
- manifold according
- channels
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Abstract
MANIFOLDS FOR INTERNAL
COMBUSTION ENGINE
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A manifold for an internal combustion engine comprises a plurality of body parts each formed as an inte-gral casting by pressure casting. A first body part has a mounting flange for the manifold, a plurality of open channels communicating with respective apertures in the mounting flange, and a water chamber communicating with a port in the flange and a further port in the first body part. A second body part overlies the channels so that the first and second body parts define a plurality of gas conduits effecting communication between the apertures and a common orifice. The first and second parts are sealed together along opposed side faces adjacent their outer peripheral edges. The seal along oppos-ing sides allows access to the joints from the exterior of the assembly, permitting connection by electron beam welding or an adhesive, since all the joints are located on the exterior of the assembly a smoother interior surface is preserved and visual inspection of each joint is possible as it is made.
COMBUSTION ENGINE
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A manifold for an internal combustion engine comprises a plurality of body parts each formed as an inte-gral casting by pressure casting. A first body part has a mounting flange for the manifold, a plurality of open channels communicating with respective apertures in the mounting flange, and a water chamber communicating with a port in the flange and a further port in the first body part. A second body part overlies the channels so that the first and second body parts define a plurality of gas conduits effecting communication between the apertures and a common orifice. The first and second parts are sealed together along opposed side faces adjacent their outer peripheral edges. The seal along oppos-ing sides allows access to the joints from the exterior of the assembly, permitting connection by electron beam welding or an adhesive, since all the joints are located on the exterior of the assembly a smoother interior surface is preserved and visual inspection of each joint is possible as it is made.
Description
This invention relates to manifolds for internal combustion engines.
Conventional mani~olds for internal combustion engines comprise a system of internal conduits communicating at one 5 end with a series of apertuxes in a mounting flange, and at the other end with a common opening in the manifold. The manifolds are usually fo~med ~y gravity casting using a metal die and a sand core. T~e resulting castings generally have a poor suxface finish. The mounting flange, therefore, 10 requires machining to provide a flat surface which can be seale~ to the internal com~ustion engine ~lock, and the rough internal sur~ace provides resistance to the flow of gases through the manifold.
Manifolds ~a~e ~een produced ~y pressure casting 15 which produces a smooth finish on the internal and external surfaces of the casting, so that further machining of the casting is unnecessary and the casting has good flow properties. In a pres~ure casting process, the manifold cannot normally ~e produced as a single casting since 20 solid cores are used to form the internal configuxation of the manlf-old. Pressure molded manifolds are, therefore, produced with two or more ~ody parts which are sealed together after ~o~mation. The formation of efective and dura~le seals ~etween the two components presents a 25 considerafile problem, particularly ~here the manifold includes an internal passa~es ~acket ~or heat exchange with the gases passing thxough t~e manifold.
~ccording to the present in~ention, there is provided a mani~old ~or an internal com~ustion engine comprising a 3Q plurality of body parts each ~ormed as an integral casting, a first body part ha~in~ a m~unting ~lange for t~e manifold, a plurality of open c~lannels ~ormed in the body part commun-lcating with ~espective apertures in the mounting flange and a water cha~er com~unicating w~th a port in the ~lange 35 and a further poXt in t~e flrst fiody part, t~e ~irst ~ody ?
part ha~ing outer perip?~eral edges defininy the edge o the open channels with a s~de wall as a part thereo~ a second body part wit~ a plurality of channels formed t~erein and positioned to overlie said channels of said ~irst body part such that the channels of the first and second body parts join together to define a plurality of gas conduits effecting communicating between the apertures and a common orifice formed through at least one of the ~ody parts, the second body part ha~ing peripheral edges with a side wall facing said side wall of said first ~ody part, and a seal formed by the first and second parts ~eing sealed toget~er along opposed side ~aces adjacent their outer peripheral edges.
By forming the seals ~etween the first and second ~ody parts along opposed side faces ad~acent the outer peripheral surfaces rather than along a~utting end faces, the joint between the two ~ody parts is accessi~le from the exterior of the manifold thus allowing the joint to be made by welding, prefera~ly electron ~eam welding. Alter~
natively, an adhesive such as an epoxy resin may ~e used to effect the seal, and can be applied externally, allowing for visual inspection o~ the joint~ Moreover, penetration of adhesive into the interior of the manifold is reduced, thus preserving the smoothness of the internal surfaces of the manifold. Additionally, b~ forminy the water chamber integrally with one o~ t~e ~ody-parts, internal seals ~etween the two parts can ~e avoided.
Prefera~ly, the second body part defines an aperture which surrounds the said furt~er port in the first body part and is sealed thereto along side ~aces ad;acent the edges of the aperture and the further port, thus enabling a similar sealing technique to be used as ~etween the peripheral surfaces of the first and second ~ody parts.
In a pre~erred embodiment of the invention, the second ~ody part caxries a thlrd ~ody part which cooperates therewith to define a further ~ater cham~er effecting communication between ths aperture in the second ~ody part and an open~ng ~n the third ~ody part, the third ~ody part ha~in~ a side ~ace adjacent its outer peripheral edge which ~aces and is sealed to a sealing surface on the second bod~ paxt, thus allowing the seal between the second and third body parts to ~e formed by the same techniques as described a~o~e.
The ~irst and second ~ody parts and, prefera~ly .
:
:
.:.:
: ::
-also, the second and third ~ody parts, are desirably sealed together along seams which, in each case, lie in parallel, or common, planes, thus facilitating assem~ly by means of automatic electron ~eam welding apparatus.
The in~ention is descri~ed further, ~y way of illus~
tration, with reference to the acc~mpanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is an "exploded" perspecti~e ~iew of an -~
intake manifold for an internal com~ustion engine in accordance with the in~ention; and Fi~ure 2 is a partial cross~section on an enlarged scale taken along the l~nes A~A in ~igure 1.
Referring to the drawings, the intake manifold comprises a first ~ody part 1 formed from pressure cast aluminum. The ~irst ~ody part 1 includes an integral mounting flange 2 which has a flat front face 3 in which are formed four apertures constituting outlets ports 4.
The mounting flange 2 also includes five ~olt holes 5 ~y means o~ which the mani~old may ~e mounted on an internal ~; 2Q com~us~ion engine with the outlet ports 4 in registry with the cylinder inlet ports of the en~ine. Open channels 6 extend rearwardly away fr~m the mounting flange 2 and communicate with a common urifice 7 in the first fiody part 1 which, in use, is connected to a car~uretor. A water cham~er 8 is ~ormed integrally ~ith t~e irst ~ody part 1.
As best seen in Figure 2, the ~ater cham~er 8 co~municates at one end with a port ~ in t~e mounting 1ange 2 and at an opposing end with another port 10 which is formed in an upstanding neck 11. A shoulder 14 formed on the inner side 3Q face 22 o~ the ~ody part 1 ad~acent the peripheral edge 23.
A second ~Qdy part 12, also formed as an aluminum pressure castln~and has open channels 26 formed therein.
The second ~ody part 12 is mounted on the ~lrst ~ody part 1 rear~
J,~ , J
' . '. ' : . : - ' ":, ' ~6~
wardly of the mountin~ flange 2 and overlies the open channels 6 in the first body part to form aclosure therefor, The first and second body parts 1 and 2 therefore define four gas conduits which each extend from the common orifice 7 to the respective outlet ports 4 in the mounting flange.
The second body part has an outer peripheral edge 24 which conforms to the shape of the peripheral edge 23 of the first body part, and the second body part 12 is supported in the first body part 1 by the shoulder 14 so that a side face 25 10 of the second body part 12 adj~cent the ed~e 23 faces the inner side face 22 of the first body part.
The second body part also defines an aperture 13 which surrounds the neck 11 of the water chamber 8, as best seen in Figure 2.
The first and second body parts 1 and 12 are sealed together ~ an outer seam which connects the side faces 22 and 25 of the t~o body parts, and an inner seam which connects the inner side face 27 of the second body part 12 adjacent the edge of the aperture 13 to the outer 20 side ~ace 28 of the first body portion adjacent the edge of the port 10. Both these seams are accessible from the exterior of the as~embly and can therefore easily be formed and inspected using a welding process or an adhesive. The fact that the two seams lie in a common plane facilitates 25 the use of automatic electron beam welding apparatus.
Where an adhesive is used, it may be forced into the gap between the side faces 22 and 25 from the exterior of the assembly, thus reducing the risk of fouling the interior surfaces of the manifold. The aperture 13 in ~he second 30 body part 12 is surrounded by an upstanding wall 16. On the inner side face 30 of the wall 16 adjacent the peri-pheral edge thereof are formed a series of shoulders 31 which support a third pressure cast aluminum body part 17.
The wall 16 surrounds the third body part 17 such that the 35 side fac~ 32 adjacent the peripheral edge 33 of the third hody part 17 ~aces the side face 30 of the wall 16. The second and third body parts 12 and 17 are sealed together by a seam which connects the side faces 30~ and 32. This seam is also accessible from the exterior of the assembly .
: ~ . , . . - :
. . , ~ - . -, ' ' ' 26~
and can therefore be formed using an a~hcsive or a wclding technique. The third body part 17 includes an opening 19 in the form of an outlet neck to which a hose can be connected. The second and third parts 12, and 17 thus form a further water chamber 18 which communicates with the chamber 8. -The manifold is assembled by first connecting the first and second body parts 1 and 12 alony shoulder 14.
The third body part 17 i5 then similarly attached to the 10 second body part 12 thus completing the assembly of the manifold. A water jacket is thus formed by the chamhers 8 and 18 as an integral part of the manifold rather ~han as a separate component, and without internal seals.
Since the mani~old is formed from pr~ssure cast lS components with good quality finishes, the manifold can be bolted directly onto an engine block without further machin-ing, the front face o~ the mountin~ flange being separated from the engine ~* by means of a gasket. Since the forces applied to the manifold by the securing bolts are 20 taken only by the first body part 1, there is little or no risk of these forces causing separation of the three body partsO : ' Variations and modifications of the pxesent inven-tion are possible without departing from its spirit and 25 scope which is defined by the appended claims.
.
Conventional mani~olds for internal combustion engines comprise a system of internal conduits communicating at one 5 end with a series of apertuxes in a mounting flange, and at the other end with a common opening in the manifold. The manifolds are usually fo~med ~y gravity casting using a metal die and a sand core. T~e resulting castings generally have a poor suxface finish. The mounting flange, therefore, 10 requires machining to provide a flat surface which can be seale~ to the internal com~ustion engine ~lock, and the rough internal sur~ace provides resistance to the flow of gases through the manifold.
Manifolds ~a~e ~een produced ~y pressure casting 15 which produces a smooth finish on the internal and external surfaces of the casting, so that further machining of the casting is unnecessary and the casting has good flow properties. In a pres~ure casting process, the manifold cannot normally ~e produced as a single casting since 20 solid cores are used to form the internal configuxation of the manlf-old. Pressure molded manifolds are, therefore, produced with two or more ~ody parts which are sealed together after ~o~mation. The formation of efective and dura~le seals ~etween the two components presents a 25 considerafile problem, particularly ~here the manifold includes an internal passa~es ~acket ~or heat exchange with the gases passing thxough t~e manifold.
~ccording to the present in~ention, there is provided a mani~old ~or an internal com~ustion engine comprising a 3Q plurality of body parts each ~ormed as an integral casting, a first body part ha~in~ a m~unting ~lange for t~e manifold, a plurality of open c~lannels ~ormed in the body part commun-lcating with ~espective apertures in the mounting flange and a water cha~er com~unicating w~th a port in the ~lange 35 and a further poXt in t~e flrst fiody part, t~e ~irst ~ody ?
part ha~ing outer perip?~eral edges defininy the edge o the open channels with a s~de wall as a part thereo~ a second body part wit~ a plurality of channels formed t~erein and positioned to overlie said channels of said ~irst body part such that the channels of the first and second body parts join together to define a plurality of gas conduits effecting communicating between the apertures and a common orifice formed through at least one of the ~ody parts, the second body part ha~ing peripheral edges with a side wall facing said side wall of said first ~ody part, and a seal formed by the first and second parts ~eing sealed toget~er along opposed side ~aces adjacent their outer peripheral edges.
By forming the seals ~etween the first and second ~ody parts along opposed side faces ad~acent the outer peripheral surfaces rather than along a~utting end faces, the joint between the two ~ody parts is accessi~le from the exterior of the manifold thus allowing the joint to be made by welding, prefera~ly electron ~eam welding. Alter~
natively, an adhesive such as an epoxy resin may ~e used to effect the seal, and can be applied externally, allowing for visual inspection o~ the joint~ Moreover, penetration of adhesive into the interior of the manifold is reduced, thus preserving the smoothness of the internal surfaces of the manifold. Additionally, b~ forminy the water chamber integrally with one o~ t~e ~ody-parts, internal seals ~etween the two parts can ~e avoided.
Prefera~ly, the second body part defines an aperture which surrounds the said furt~er port in the first body part and is sealed thereto along side ~aces ad;acent the edges of the aperture and the further port, thus enabling a similar sealing technique to be used as ~etween the peripheral surfaces of the first and second ~ody parts.
In a pre~erred embodiment of the invention, the second ~ody part caxries a thlrd ~ody part which cooperates therewith to define a further ~ater cham~er effecting communication between ths aperture in the second ~ody part and an open~ng ~n the third ~ody part, the third ~ody part ha~in~ a side ~ace adjacent its outer peripheral edge which ~aces and is sealed to a sealing surface on the second bod~ paxt, thus allowing the seal between the second and third body parts to ~e formed by the same techniques as described a~o~e.
The ~irst and second ~ody parts and, prefera~ly .
:
:
.:.:
: ::
-also, the second and third ~ody parts, are desirably sealed together along seams which, in each case, lie in parallel, or common, planes, thus facilitating assem~ly by means of automatic electron ~eam welding apparatus.
The in~ention is descri~ed further, ~y way of illus~
tration, with reference to the acc~mpanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is an "exploded" perspecti~e ~iew of an -~
intake manifold for an internal com~ustion engine in accordance with the in~ention; and Fi~ure 2 is a partial cross~section on an enlarged scale taken along the l~nes A~A in ~igure 1.
Referring to the drawings, the intake manifold comprises a first ~ody part 1 formed from pressure cast aluminum. The ~irst ~ody part 1 includes an integral mounting flange 2 which has a flat front face 3 in which are formed four apertures constituting outlets ports 4.
The mounting flange 2 also includes five ~olt holes 5 ~y means o~ which the mani~old may ~e mounted on an internal ~; 2Q com~us~ion engine with the outlet ports 4 in registry with the cylinder inlet ports of the en~ine. Open channels 6 extend rearwardly away fr~m the mounting flange 2 and communicate with a common urifice 7 in the first fiody part 1 which, in use, is connected to a car~uretor. A water cham~er 8 is ~ormed integrally ~ith t~e irst ~ody part 1.
As best seen in Figure 2, the ~ater cham~er 8 co~municates at one end with a port ~ in t~e mounting 1ange 2 and at an opposing end with another port 10 which is formed in an upstanding neck 11. A shoulder 14 formed on the inner side 3Q face 22 o~ the ~ody part 1 ad~acent the peripheral edge 23.
A second ~Qdy part 12, also formed as an aluminum pressure castln~and has open channels 26 formed therein.
The second ~ody part 12 is mounted on the ~lrst ~ody part 1 rear~
J,~ , J
' . '. ' : . : - ' ":, ' ~6~
wardly of the mountin~ flange 2 and overlies the open channels 6 in the first body part to form aclosure therefor, The first and second body parts 1 and 2 therefore define four gas conduits which each extend from the common orifice 7 to the respective outlet ports 4 in the mounting flange.
The second body part has an outer peripheral edge 24 which conforms to the shape of the peripheral edge 23 of the first body part, and the second body part 12 is supported in the first body part 1 by the shoulder 14 so that a side face 25 10 of the second body part 12 adj~cent the ed~e 23 faces the inner side face 22 of the first body part.
The second body part also defines an aperture 13 which surrounds the neck 11 of the water chamber 8, as best seen in Figure 2.
The first and second body parts 1 and 12 are sealed together ~ an outer seam which connects the side faces 22 and 25 of the t~o body parts, and an inner seam which connects the inner side face 27 of the second body part 12 adjacent the edge of the aperture 13 to the outer 20 side ~ace 28 of the first body portion adjacent the edge of the port 10. Both these seams are accessible from the exterior of the as~embly and can therefore easily be formed and inspected using a welding process or an adhesive. The fact that the two seams lie in a common plane facilitates 25 the use of automatic electron beam welding apparatus.
Where an adhesive is used, it may be forced into the gap between the side faces 22 and 25 from the exterior of the assembly, thus reducing the risk of fouling the interior surfaces of the manifold. The aperture 13 in ~he second 30 body part 12 is surrounded by an upstanding wall 16. On the inner side face 30 of the wall 16 adjacent the peri-pheral edge thereof are formed a series of shoulders 31 which support a third pressure cast aluminum body part 17.
The wall 16 surrounds the third body part 17 such that the 35 side fac~ 32 adjacent the peripheral edge 33 of the third hody part 17 ~aces the side face 30 of the wall 16. The second and third body parts 12 and 17 are sealed together by a seam which connects the side faces 30~ and 32. This seam is also accessible from the exterior of the assembly .
: ~ . , . . - :
. . , ~ - . -, ' ' ' 26~
and can therefore be formed using an a~hcsive or a wclding technique. The third body part 17 includes an opening 19 in the form of an outlet neck to which a hose can be connected. The second and third parts 12, and 17 thus form a further water chamber 18 which communicates with the chamber 8. -The manifold is assembled by first connecting the first and second body parts 1 and 12 alony shoulder 14.
The third body part 17 i5 then similarly attached to the 10 second body part 12 thus completing the assembly of the manifold. A water jacket is thus formed by the chamhers 8 and 18 as an integral part of the manifold rather ~han as a separate component, and without internal seals.
Since the mani~old is formed from pr~ssure cast lS components with good quality finishes, the manifold can be bolted directly onto an engine block without further machin-ing, the front face o~ the mountin~ flange being separated from the engine ~* by means of a gasket. Since the forces applied to the manifold by the securing bolts are 20 taken only by the first body part 1, there is little or no risk of these forces causing separation of the three body partsO : ' Variations and modifications of the pxesent inven-tion are possible without departing from its spirit and 25 scope which is defined by the appended claims.
.
Claims (11)
1. A manifold for an internal combustion engine comprising:
a first body part formed as an integral casting having a mounting flange for the manifold;
a plurality of open channels formed in said body part communicating with respective apertures in the mounting flange and a water chamber communicating with a port in the flange and a further port in the first body part;
said first body part having outer peripheral edges defining the edge of the open channels with a side wall as part thereof;
a second body part formed as an integral casting with a plurality of channels formed therein and positioned to overlie said channels of said first body part such that the channels of the first and second body parts join together to define a plurality of gas conduits effecting communication between the apertures and a common orifice formed through at least one of the body parts;
said second body part having peripheral edges with a side wall facing said side wall of said first body part, and a seal formed by the first and second parts being sealed together along opposed side faces adjacent their outer peripheral edges.
a first body part formed as an integral casting having a mounting flange for the manifold;
a plurality of open channels formed in said body part communicating with respective apertures in the mounting flange and a water chamber communicating with a port in the flange and a further port in the first body part;
said first body part having outer peripheral edges defining the edge of the open channels with a side wall as part thereof;
a second body part formed as an integral casting with a plurality of channels formed therein and positioned to overlie said channels of said first body part such that the channels of the first and second body parts join together to define a plurality of gas conduits effecting communication between the apertures and a common orifice formed through at least one of the body parts;
said second body part having peripheral edges with a side wall facing said side wall of said first body part, and a seal formed by the first and second parts being sealed together along opposed side faces adjacent their outer peripheral edges.
2. A manifold according to claim 1 wherein the second body part defines an aperture which surrounds the said further port in the first body part, a second seal is formed by the second body part being sealed to the first body part along side faces adjacent the edges of the aperture and the further port.
3. A manifold according to claim 2 wherein the second body part carries a third body part which cooperates therewith to define a second water chamber effecting communication between the aperture in the second body part and an opening in the third body part, the third body part having a side face adjacent its outer peripheral edge which faces; a seal is formed by the third body part being sealed to a sealing surface on the second body part.
4. A manifold according to claim 3 wherein the seal between the second and third body parts lies in a plane.
5. A manifold according to claim 1, wherein the seal between the first and second body parts lies in a plane.
6. A manifold according to claims 2, 3, or 4 wherein each seal between the first and second body parts lie in a plane.
7. A manifold according to claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein the body parts are connected together by electron beam welding.
8. A manifold according to claim 4 or 5 wherein the body parts are connected together by electron beam welding.
9. A manifold according to claim 2, 3 or 4 wherein each seal between the first and second body parts lie in a plane and the body parts are connected together by electron beam welding.
10. A manifold according to claim 1 wherein said first body part has said side wall inwardly facing said channels of said first body part, and said second body part has an outwardly facing side wall which faces said side wall of said first body part.
11. A manifold according to claim 10 wherein said first body part has a shoulder inwardly extending torward said channels of said first body part and below said side wall of said first body part to support said peripheral edges of said second body part.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA331,856A CA1126109A (en) | 1979-07-16 | 1979-07-16 | Manifolds for internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA331,856A CA1126109A (en) | 1979-07-16 | 1979-07-16 | Manifolds for internal combustion engine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1126109A true CA1126109A (en) | 1982-06-22 |
Family
ID=4114687
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA331,856A Expired CA1126109A (en) | 1979-07-16 | 1979-07-16 | Manifolds for internal combustion engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1126109A (en) |
-
1979
- 1979-07-16 CA CA331,856A patent/CA1126109A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |