CA1123789A - Ferromagnetic tumbling balls magnetic slurry separation system - Google Patents
Ferromagnetic tumbling balls magnetic slurry separation systemInfo
- Publication number
- CA1123789A CA1123789A CA320,613A CA320613A CA1123789A CA 1123789 A CA1123789 A CA 1123789A CA 320613 A CA320613 A CA 320613A CA 1123789 A CA1123789 A CA 1123789A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- balls
- chambers
- magnetic
- magnetic field
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Pinball Game Machines (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A method and apparatus are disclosed for separating particles which are suspended in a liquid. The particles are guided through a bed of balls of ferro magnetic material.
These balls, together with the particles, are moved through a magnetic field. A washing liquid is supplied during the passage of the particles through the magnetic field for washing off the non-magnetic particles. A liquid is supplied outside the magnetic field for discharging the magnetisable particles. After leaving the magnetic field, the balls and the magnetisable particles are permitted to fall freely over a substantial distance.
A method and apparatus are disclosed for separating particles which are suspended in a liquid. The particles are guided through a bed of balls of ferro magnetic material.
These balls, together with the particles, are moved through a magnetic field. A washing liquid is supplied during the passage of the particles through the magnetic field for washing off the non-magnetic particles. A liquid is supplied outside the magnetic field for discharging the magnetisable particles. After leaving the magnetic field, the balls and the magnetisable particles are permitted to fall freely over a substantial distance.
Description
3'78~
The invention relates to a method for separating particles suspended in a liquid by guiding -these particles through a magnetic field, by supplying a washing liquid during the passage of the particles through the magnetic field for washing off the non-magnetic par-ticles, and, finally, supplying a liquid outside the magnetic field to the particles for dis-charging the magnetisable particles. The particles to be separated are in a bed of balls of ferro magnetic material when treated in the magnetic field.
Prior art methods of this type have the disadvantage that the magnetic particles, as a result of remanent magnetism, remain stuck to the balls of ferro magnetic material. It is difficult to free the particles from the balls once they have left the magnetic field.
The present invention overcomes this disadvantage.
According to the invention, one makes the balls and the magnetisable particles, after leaving the magnetic field, fall freely over a substantial distance. As a result of the disturbance of the configuration of the balls the remanent magnetism is eliminated and neutralized. Moreover one has the advantage that, as a result of the change of the position of the balls in relation to each other, the washinq liquid can reach parts of the surface of the balls which, in the previous positioning of the balls in relation to each other, were covered.
The invention also relates to an apparatus for performing the above method.
1~.23789 The apparatus of the invention comprises one or more annular chambers which are mounted for rotation around an axis and which locally pass between the poles of a magnet. These chambers contain balls of ferro magnetic material, and the chambers are provided with supplies for the material to be separa-ted and for the washing liquid, and with means for collecting the washing liquid and the particles therein.
According to a preferred form of invention, the axis of the rotating annular chambers encloses an angle with the vertical direction, the magnetic poles are situated near the highest point of the chambers. Under the lower part of the annular chambers, and under the portion of the chambers lying between the magnetic poles, one or more collecting troughs are provided. The annular chambers are only partly filled with balls so that, upon rota-tion, the balls are stowed between the magnetic poles, and, upon leaving the space between the magnetic poles, the balls can fall freely downwards. Since the balls with the magnetic particles, after leaving the magnetic field, fall freely down-wards, the configuration is disturbed and the remanent magnetism v~ 20 is eliminated as a result of the change in the direction of the ~' magnetic particles and the relationship of the balls to one another. As a consequence, it is possible to wash off the magnetisable particles substantially completely.
According to another feature of the invention, the axes of the annular chambers are horizontal, or substantially horizontal, and in the direction of rotation of the annular chambers there is, outside the magnetic poles and above the level
The invention relates to a method for separating particles suspended in a liquid by guiding -these particles through a magnetic field, by supplying a washing liquid during the passage of the particles through the magnetic field for washing off the non-magnetic par-ticles, and, finally, supplying a liquid outside the magnetic field to the particles for dis-charging the magnetisable particles. The particles to be separated are in a bed of balls of ferro magnetic material when treated in the magnetic field.
Prior art methods of this type have the disadvantage that the magnetic particles, as a result of remanent magnetism, remain stuck to the balls of ferro magnetic material. It is difficult to free the particles from the balls once they have left the magnetic field.
The present invention overcomes this disadvantage.
According to the invention, one makes the balls and the magnetisable particles, after leaving the magnetic field, fall freely over a substantial distance. As a result of the disturbance of the configuration of the balls the remanent magnetism is eliminated and neutralized. Moreover one has the advantage that, as a result of the change of the position of the balls in relation to each other, the washinq liquid can reach parts of the surface of the balls which, in the previous positioning of the balls in relation to each other, were covered.
The invention also relates to an apparatus for performing the above method.
1~.23789 The apparatus of the invention comprises one or more annular chambers which are mounted for rotation around an axis and which locally pass between the poles of a magnet. These chambers contain balls of ferro magnetic material, and the chambers are provided with supplies for the material to be separa-ted and for the washing liquid, and with means for collecting the washing liquid and the particles therein.
According to a preferred form of invention, the axis of the rotating annular chambers encloses an angle with the vertical direction, the magnetic poles are situated near the highest point of the chambers. Under the lower part of the annular chambers, and under the portion of the chambers lying between the magnetic poles, one or more collecting troughs are provided. The annular chambers are only partly filled with balls so that, upon rota-tion, the balls are stowed between the magnetic poles, and, upon leaving the space between the magnetic poles, the balls can fall freely downwards. Since the balls with the magnetic particles, after leaving the magnetic field, fall freely down-wards, the configuration is disturbed and the remanent magnetism v~ 20 is eliminated as a result of the change in the direction of the ~' magnetic particles and the relationship of the balls to one another. As a consequence, it is possible to wash off the magnetisable particles substantially completely.
According to another feature of the invention, the axes of the annular chambers are horizontal, or substantially horizontal, and in the direction of rotation of the annular chambers there is, outside the magnetic poles and above the level
- 2 -....
37~39 of the balls in the chambers, a frce space. In s~ch embodiment, it is possible to have a relatively high bed of balls, so that there is a long period of separation, and the sharpness of the separation is favourably influenced. The length of fall of the balls is thus maximi~ed.
The invention will further be explained in the fol-lowing detailed description of one embodiment, which embodiment is shown in the attached drawing. In this drawing Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-section of an ap-paratus according to the invention, Figure 2 is a transverse cross-section taken along the , line II-II in Figure 1.
The illustrated apparatus has a wheel 1, which is mainly formed by discs 2 and 3, and which is rotatable by means of a shaft 4. The driving takes place through controllable drive means which are not shown. At its inner and outer circumferences the wheel 1 is provided with perforated walls 5 and 6. By i~ means of the perforated walls 5 and 6 in the wheel there is iormed an annular chamber 7. The annular chamber 7 is filled with bodies 8 in form of iron balls. Near the upper part of the wheel, on each side thereof, two strong electromagnets 9 and 10 are provided. Between the side discs of the wheel 2 and
37~39 of the balls in the chambers, a frce space. In s~ch embodiment, it is possible to have a relatively high bed of balls, so that there is a long period of separation, and the sharpness of the separation is favourably influenced. The length of fall of the balls is thus maximi~ed.
The invention will further be explained in the fol-lowing detailed description of one embodiment, which embodiment is shown in the attached drawing. In this drawing Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-section of an ap-paratus according to the invention, Figure 2 is a transverse cross-section taken along the , line II-II in Figure 1.
The illustrated apparatus has a wheel 1, which is mainly formed by discs 2 and 3, and which is rotatable by means of a shaft 4. The driving takes place through controllable drive means which are not shown. At its inner and outer circumferences the wheel 1 is provided with perforated walls 5 and 6. By i~ means of the perforated walls 5 and 6 in the wheel there is iormed an annular chamber 7. The annular chamber 7 is filled with bodies 8 in form of iron balls. Near the upper part of the wheel, on each side thereof, two strong electromagnets 9 and 10 are provided. Between the side discs of the wheel 2 and
3 and the poles of the electromagnets 9 and 10 is an air gap, which is as narrow as possible. In the upper zone 11 of the annular chamber 7 a strong magnetic field can be generated by means of the electromagnets 9 and 10. The disc 2, at the side remote from the driving shaft 4, has in its center an aperture 12.
z~9 Under the zone 11 is mounted a discharge trough 13 which extends through the aperture 12 to a point outside the wheel 1. Above the zone 11 is mounted a hopper 14 for the material to be separated.
This material can be supplied as a suspension by means of a trough 16. Above the zone 11 has been provided a conduit 17 for supplying washing liquid. Furthermore, a spray device 18 has been provided, said spray device lying in the rotational direc-tion of the annular chamber 7 beyond the zone 11. Near the under side in the zone 19 of the annular chamber 7, and inside the wheel, a supply pipe 20 is provided. Under the zone 19 a dis-charge trough 21 is provided.
The apparatus operates as follows. The magnets 9 and 10 are energised, so that, in the zone 11, a strong magnetic field is generated. The material 15 to be separated is supplied through the trough 16 and the hopper 14. Since the material is supplied as a suspension, it is distributed over the filling of ball shaped bodies 8 in the annular chamber 7. As the material flows through the zone 11, the magnetisable particles are re-tained by the magnetized balls 8. When the annular chamber is rotated by driving the shaft 4, the balls 8 are retained within the chamber 7 and are carried past the e~ectromagnets 9 and 10 in the zone 11. With the aid of supply conduit 17, washing liquid is added which washes off the non-magnetic particles which are not retained by the balls. The washing liquid, together with the non-magnetic particles, falls into the trough 13 and is discharged from this trough. When the balls with the magnetized particles attached to them have passed through the zone 11, ~.2378~
they reach an open space in which they fall downwardly. A
spraying device 18 supplies washing liquid which washes the magnetiæed particles o~f the balls. A similar washing step also occurs in the lower part of chamber 7, i.e. in the zone 19.
In zone 19 washing liquid is supplied by means of a spraying de-vice 20. This liquid, together with the demagnetized particles, is discharged through the trough 21. Owing to the presence of the free space beyond the zone 11, in which space the balls and their attached particles fall freely, one gets a completely changed configuration of the balls. The remanent magnetism of the balls no longer influences the magnetisable particles so that these particles can be washed off easily. There is no re-circulation to zone 11 of those particles which were formerly attached to the balls passing through the zone; in other words the invention provides for complete separation of the particles from the liquid in which they were suspended.
z~9 Under the zone 11 is mounted a discharge trough 13 which extends through the aperture 12 to a point outside the wheel 1. Above the zone 11 is mounted a hopper 14 for the material to be separated.
This material can be supplied as a suspension by means of a trough 16. Above the zone 11 has been provided a conduit 17 for supplying washing liquid. Furthermore, a spray device 18 has been provided, said spray device lying in the rotational direc-tion of the annular chamber 7 beyond the zone 11. Near the under side in the zone 19 of the annular chamber 7, and inside the wheel, a supply pipe 20 is provided. Under the zone 19 a dis-charge trough 21 is provided.
The apparatus operates as follows. The magnets 9 and 10 are energised, so that, in the zone 11, a strong magnetic field is generated. The material 15 to be separated is supplied through the trough 16 and the hopper 14. Since the material is supplied as a suspension, it is distributed over the filling of ball shaped bodies 8 in the annular chamber 7. As the material flows through the zone 11, the magnetisable particles are re-tained by the magnetized balls 8. When the annular chamber is rotated by driving the shaft 4, the balls 8 are retained within the chamber 7 and are carried past the e~ectromagnets 9 and 10 in the zone 11. With the aid of supply conduit 17, washing liquid is added which washes off the non-magnetic particles which are not retained by the balls. The washing liquid, together with the non-magnetic particles, falls into the trough 13 and is discharged from this trough. When the balls with the magnetized particles attached to them have passed through the zone 11, ~.2378~
they reach an open space in which they fall downwardly. A
spraying device 18 supplies washing liquid which washes the magnetiæed particles o~f the balls. A similar washing step also occurs in the lower part of chamber 7, i.e. in the zone 19.
In zone 19 washing liquid is supplied by means of a spraying de-vice 20. This liquid, together with the demagnetized particles, is discharged through the trough 21. Owing to the presence of the free space beyond the zone 11, in which space the balls and their attached particles fall freely, one gets a completely changed configuration of the balls. The remanent magnetism of the balls no longer influences the magnetisable particles so that these particles can be washed off easily. There is no re-circulation to zone 11 of those particles which were formerly attached to the balls passing through the zone; in other words the invention provides for complete separation of the particles from the liquid in which they were suspended.
Claims (4)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In a method for separating particles suspended in a liquid which comprises the steps of guiding these particles through a magnetic field, supplying a washing liquid during the passage of the particles through the magnetic field for washing off the non-magnetic particles, and, supplying a liquid outside the magnetic field for discharging the magnetisable particles, the particles to be separated being guided through a bed of balls of ferro magnetic material, the improvement which comprises causing the balls and the magnetisable particles, after leaving the magnetic field, to fall freely for a substantial distance.
2. An apparatus for performing the method defined in claim 1, said apparatus comprising one or more annular chambers which are mounted for rotation around an axis and which are ar-ranged to pass between the poles of a magnet, said chambers con-taining balls of ferro magnetic material and said chambers being provided with means for supplying the material which is to be separated, and means for supplying the washing liquid, and with means for collecting the washing liquid and the particles therein.
3. An apparatus as defined in claim 2, characterized in that the axis of the rotating annular chambers encloses an angle with the vertical direction, in that the magnet poles are situa-ted near the highest point of the chambers, in that both under the lower part of the annular chambers, and under the portion of the chambers lying between the magnetic poles, at least one col-lecting trough is provided; and in that the annular chambers are only partly filled with balls, so that, upon rotation, the balls are stowed between the magnetic poles, and, upon leaving the space between the magnetic poles, the balls can fall freely downwardly.
4. An apparatus as defined in claim 2, characterized in that the axes of the annular chambers are substantially horizontally disposed; and in that, in the direction of rotation of the annular chambers, there is a free space in a region beyond the influence of said poles yet above the level of the balls in the lower part of the chambers.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA320,613A CA1123789A (en) | 1979-01-31 | 1979-01-31 | Ferromagnetic tumbling balls magnetic slurry separation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA320,613A CA1123789A (en) | 1979-01-31 | 1979-01-31 | Ferromagnetic tumbling balls magnetic slurry separation system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1123789A true CA1123789A (en) | 1982-05-18 |
Family
ID=4113434
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA320,613A Expired CA1123789A (en) | 1979-01-31 | 1979-01-31 | Ferromagnetic tumbling balls magnetic slurry separation system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1123789A (en) |
-
1979
- 1979-01-31 CA CA320,613A patent/CA1123789A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |