CA1123165A - Apparatus for pulling off the skin of sheep carcasses for slaughter - Google Patents

Apparatus for pulling off the skin of sheep carcasses for slaughter

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Publication number
CA1123165A
CA1123165A CA356,881A CA356881A CA1123165A CA 1123165 A CA1123165 A CA 1123165A CA 356881 A CA356881 A CA 356881A CA 1123165 A CA1123165 A CA 1123165A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
drum
pulling
skin
sheep
movement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA356,881A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
TERJE NORõY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HAMJERN AS
Original Assignee
HAMJERN AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HAMJERN AS filed Critical HAMJERN AS
Priority to CA356,881A priority Critical patent/CA1123165A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1123165A publication Critical patent/CA1123165A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

A b s t r a c t An apparatus for pulling-off the skin of small cattle, especially sheep carcasses, in connection with slaughtering comprises an essentially horizontal drum (8) for pulling-off the skin during winding thereof on the drum (8), the drum (8) being moved upwards along the dorsal side of a sheep carcass (31) which is suspended from the hind legs. The drum (8) has a gradually increasing diameter from a central portion (20) towards both ends, and is mounted at the free end of a pivotable lifting beam (3) having a means (I) for upwards directed pivoting movement of the beam during the pulling-off operation. A motor means provides for rotation of the drum (8) synchronously with the pivoting movement of the lifting beam (3) and with a speed which is adapted to the movement of the lifting beam.
(Fig. 5)

Description

Z3~L65 The present invention relates to an apparatus for pulling-off the skin of sheep carcasses in connection with slaughtering, comprising an essentially horizontal drum which is arranged to pull off the skin cluring winding thereof on the drum, the drum being moved along the dorsal side of a sheep carcass.
In connection with slaughtering of big cattle there is known devices for pulling-off of hides wherein a drum is ar-ranged to pull off the hide during simultaneous winding thereof on the arum. However, the known devices are not practically usable for pulling-off of skins in sheep slaughtering, as they do not provide for the necessary and appropriate distribution of the pressure on the skin and the sheep carcass around the whole carcass, with the result that the carcass cracks on ex-posed places, and the membrane which is to remain on the car-cass is pulled off together with the skin.
The object of the invention is to provide an apparatusfor pulling-off skins of small cattle carcasses, especially sheep and lamb carcasses, by which there is achieved a rational and effective puiling-off of skins, and wherein the drum is especially shaped in order to achieve reduced working effort by flaying and simultaneously ensure .gentle skin pulling-off without damage of the carcass.
. For the achievement of the above-mentioned object there is provided an apparatus of the type set forth above, which, according to the invention, is characterized in that the drum has a gradually increasing diameter from a central portion to-wards both ends, and is mounted at the free end of a pivotable beam which is provided with a means for pivoting movement of the beam during the pulling-off operation, and that there is pro-vided a means for rotation of the drum synchronously with thepivoting movement of the beam and with a speed which is adapted to the movement of the beam.
In a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus as described immediately above, wherein the drum is moved in an upwards direction during the pulling-off operation.

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-la-The invention will be more closely described below in connection with an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein ,~,~
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Fig. 1 shows a side view of a schematically shown skin pulling-off apparatus according -to the invention, Fig. 2 shows a front view along the line II - II in Fig. 1i Fig. 3 shows a top view of the appara-tus in Fig. 1;
and Figs. 4 and 5 schematically illustrate two different operationalphasesduring a skin pulling-off operation.
As shown in Figs. 1 - 3, the skin pulling-off apparatus in the illustrated embodiment comprises a vertically disposed, rectangular steel frame 1 having vertical side members carrying suitable bearing means 2 for pivotal mounting of one end of a lifting beam means 3. The bearing means 2 may be displaceably mounted on the side members of the frame.
The lifting beam means 3 comprises apair of e.g. telescopically extendable tube and rod members 4 and 5 and a pair of bracing members 6 extending therebetween. On the free ends of the rod members 5 there are mounted bearings 7 for the support of an essentially horizontal drum 8 which is to be 20 described below. The lifting beam means with the drum is ;
pivotable upwards and downwards by means of an operating ; means which in the illustrated embodiment comprises a - hydraulic cylinder and piston unit 9 (cylinder I). At its upper end the hydraulic cylinder 9 is pivotally connected to an upper cross member of the frame 1, whereas the lower free end of the piston rod 10 is pivotally mounted between a pair of holding pla-tes 11 attached on the bracing members 6 and provided with a plurality of apertures 12 or the like for adjustable mounting of the piston rod end.
On the subgrade, at a suitable distance in frontof the lifting beam means 3, there is provided a clamping means with a combined holding and stretching function which is to be described more closely below in connection wi-th the use of the apparatus. In the illustrated embodiment the clamping means comprises a supporting frame 13 for the support of a hydraulic cylinder/piston unit 14 (cylinder II). At its lower end the hydraulic cylinder is pivotally connected to the supporting frame 13, and by means of a supporting means ,:. ,. : -. -- '' - ' .: :. :: - . . . :.
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l~Z3~L65 15 the cylinder is supported in an oblique position as shown in Fig. 1. On the upper end of the piston rod 16 of the cylinder/piston unit 14 there is moun-ted a gripping head means 17 with gripping jaws 18 which are operable by means - 5 of a hydraulic cylinder/piston unit 19 (cylinder III).
Instead of the shown clamping means with gripping head means and hydraulically operated gripping jaws, the clamping means may simply consis-t of a suitable hook means onto which the forlegs of the sheep carcas may be hooked. A number of such hook means may be provided a-t different heights along a rod which is pivotally mounted and fixable in a desired position on a suppor-ting frame, so that one achieves adaptation for clamping ofcarcasses of different sizes, and simultaneously, by pivoting of the rod, may pull the carcass outwards from the drum to the most suitable position for pulling-off of the skin.
In the shown embodiment the drum 8 comprises a central cylindrical portion 20 which at each end merges into a portion 21 having a gradually increasing diameter in the direction ~ towards the ends of the drum, and e.g. having a conical shape.
On each drum end there is provided an essentially circular end plate 22 having a larger diameter than that of the outer ends of the drum 8 and being provided with a hook portion 23 which in the illustrated example is formed by an essentially tangentially extending notch in the end plate in question.
The importance of this concave or saddle-like drum shape is to be described more closely below in connection with the operation of the apparatus.
For rotation of the drum 8 a motor 24, which e.g. may be of hydraulic type' is provided at the free end of one of the lifting beam rod members 5. The motor is supported by a bracket means 25 attached to the rod member 5, and is connected to the shaft of the drum 8 through a suitable clu-tch 26.
For the operation of the described operating and driving means which are included in the shown embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, there is provided a hydraulic unit 27 which, at the base of the vertical steel - ,: ' ~. :, .' . ' . . .
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g frame 1, is supported by a base plate 28 which is in turn supported on a frame 29 through buffers 30.
The various hydraulic and/or electric supply conduits, and the various connections and control means, such as control valves and the like, which are necessary for operation and control of the apparatus, are not illus-tra-ted in -the schematic drawing figures. The arrangement of these means is of technical kind and -therefore is not more closely shown and described, as a person skilled in the ar-t will realize the necessary arrangement in view of the following description of the operation of the apparatus. Similarly, it will be seen that the apparatus may possibly be adapted for pneumatic instead of hydraulic operation.
In the following a-skin pulling-off operation will be described with reference to Figs. 4 and 5.
When a sheepcarcass arrives at the skin pulling-off apparatus, it has been flayed from -the breast and just beyond the navel. The skin is cut from knee joint to knee joint at the front edge of the breast. The forelegshave been cut -20 off at theknee joint, but the metatarsal bones stick to the skin.
The initial or zero position of the apparatus is shown in Fig. g. The sheep or lamb c~arcas~s 31 is suspended from the hind legs in connection with a suggested overhead conveyor 32. Further, the sheep carcass is clamped in -that the ends of the "antibrachial bones" (i.e. the forelegsabove the knee joint) are introduced into and clamped between the gripping jaws 18 of the clamping means, the cylinder III
being activated for this purpose. As mentioned, the meta-tarsal bones stick to the skin and are introduced in thenotches in the drum end plates 22 and thus secured by means OI the hooks 23 at each end of the drum.
The drum and the lifting beam now start automatically and synchronously~ and -the drive motor 24 rotates the drum 8 in the direction of the arrow A in Fig. 4 at the same time as the cylinder I is instructed for upwards directed stroke movement with a set, reduced speed, so that one achieves the correct angle for the pulling-off of the skin across the shoulder portion of the carcass, the skin now being wound onto .;
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~253:~G5 the drum (in Figs. 4 and 5 the inner side of the skin is marked as an hatched area). As shown in Fig. 4, the movement of the lifting beam 3 is s-tar-ted from a somewha-t lowered position in relation to the horizontal, and the synchronized movement of the l:ifting beam and the drum is adjusted so that one achieves the particular and intended pulling angle resulting in optimum pulling-off of the skin.
When the drum has been raised a suitable distance (normally about 20 cm), cylinder I gets instruction or order to continue its stroke, but now with full speed, at the same time as cylinder II gets order for stroke, i.e. downward movement of the pis-ton rod 16 with the clamping means. The antibrachial bones and therewith the sheep caracass are thereby stretched obliquely downwards and outwards from the lifting beam and the drum, such as it appears from Fig. 5 (the carcass is normally pulled somewhat more ou-twards from the drum than shown in the Figure). Thus, the skin is pulled off from the back a-t an angle of ca. 25 - 30.
The special configuration of the drum results in that the pressure on the skin and the sides and back of the carcass is equalized and distributed around the carcass itself, so that it does not crack. The flank and the rearward part of the back (marked with x in Fig. 4) are critical points in the use of a skin pulling-off apparatus, and without the special shape of the drum, the flank would crack and the membrane on the leg would be pulled off together with the skin.
By use of e.g. a straight drum it would be necessary with substantially more preparatory work during the slaughtering as the flank and the sides would then have to be flayed manually. With the present skin pulling-off apparatus, however, the sheep carcass is flayed approximately 10 cm on each side from the breast and just beyond the navel, so that the preparatory work may be made much simpler. The-re will be less flaying, so that the second-class percentage of the skins becomes smaller. Less flaying further involves that the slaughtering may be carried out more hygienically and less laboriously.

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- , ;5 When the lifting beam is at the top and the skin has been pulled off the carcass, the metatarsal bones are cut off from the skin by means of a pair of knives (no-t shown) arranged in connection with the overhead conveyor. There-after the lifting beam returns to i-ts initial position at the same time as the drum is rotated in -the direct.ion opposite to the winding direction, so tha-t the skin falls down from the drum and the apparatus thus is ready for another working cycle.

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Claims (9)

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. An apparatus for pulling-off the skin of sheep carcasses in connection with slaughtering, comprising an essentially horizontal drum which is arranged to pull off the skin during winding thereof on the drum, the drum being moved along the dorsal side of a sheep carcass suspended from the hind legs, characterized in that the drum has a gradually in-creasing diameter from a central portion towards both ends, and is mounted at the free end of a pivotable beam which is provided with a means for pivoting movement of the beam during the pulling-off operation, and that there is provided a means for rotation of the drum synchronously with the pivoting move-ment of the beam and with a speed which is adapted to the move-ment of the beam.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the drum comprises essentially circular end plates having a substantially larger diameter than end portions of the drum, and being provided with respective hook means at corresponding places at the periphery of the end plates.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the drum is moved upwards during the skin pulling, characterized in that the means for pivoting movement of the beam is arranged to move the beam from an initial position with a first lower speed, which is adapted to the rotational speed of the drum, and thereafter with a higher speed.
4. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the movement means comprises a hydraulic cylinder/piston unit.
5. An apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises a means for clamping of the forelegs of a sheep carcass, and which is arranged to stretch the forelegs downwards and away from the beam and the drum after the beam has been moved upwards a predetermined distance.
6. An apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the clamping means is mounted on the upper end of a piston rod forming part of a hydraulic cylinder/piston unit.
7. An apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the clamping means comprises gripping jaw elements arranged to be actuated by a hydraulic cylinder/piston unit.
8. An apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the clamping means comprises a rod which is pivotally mounted on a base and provided with a plurality of hook means spaced along the rod, and which is arranged to be fixed in a desired position on said base.
9. An apparatus according to claims 1, 2 or 3 characterized in that the drum is driven by a motor which is arranged to rotate the drum back to its initial position during the return movement of the beam to the initial position thereof.
CA356,881A 1980-07-23 1980-07-23 Apparatus for pulling off the skin of sheep carcasses for slaughter Expired CA1123165A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA356,881A CA1123165A (en) 1980-07-23 1980-07-23 Apparatus for pulling off the skin of sheep carcasses for slaughter

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA356,881A CA1123165A (en) 1980-07-23 1980-07-23 Apparatus for pulling off the skin of sheep carcasses for slaughter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1123165A true CA1123165A (en) 1982-05-11

Family

ID=4117497

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA356,881A Expired CA1123165A (en) 1980-07-23 1980-07-23 Apparatus for pulling off the skin of sheep carcasses for slaughter

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CA (1) CA1123165A (en)

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