CA1121160A - Method of manufacturing optical fibers - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing optical fibers

Info

Publication number
CA1121160A
CA1121160A CA000321771A CA321771A CA1121160A CA 1121160 A CA1121160 A CA 1121160A CA 000321771 A CA000321771 A CA 000321771A CA 321771 A CA321771 A CA 321771A CA 1121160 A CA1121160 A CA 1121160A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
glass
assembly
cylinder
pipe
quartz glass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA000321771A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Tatsuo Izawa
Shoichi Sudo
Fumiaki Hanawa
Yuichi Masuda
Gotaro Tanaka
Toru Kuwabara
Yuji Kameo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd filed Critical Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1121160A publication Critical patent/CA1121160A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/02Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
    • C03B37/025Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
    • C03B37/027Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
    • C03B37/02754Solid fibres drawn from hollow preforms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B23/00Re-forming shaped glass
    • C03B23/20Uniting glass pieces by fusing without substantial reshaping
    • C03B23/207Uniting glass rods, glass tubes, or hollow glassware
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/012Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/01205Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/01211Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/012Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/014Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/012Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/014Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
    • C03B37/01413Reactant delivery systems
    • C03B37/0142Reactant deposition burners
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/012Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/014Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
    • C03B37/01466Means for changing or stabilising the diameter or form of tubes or rods
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2205/00Fibre drawing or extruding details
    • C03B2205/12Drawing solid optical fibre directly from a hollow preform
    • C03B2205/14Drawing solid optical fibre directly from a hollow preform comprising collapse of an outer tube onto an inner central solid preform rod
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2205/00Fibre drawing or extruding details
    • C03B2205/12Drawing solid optical fibre directly from a hollow preform
    • C03B2205/16Drawing solid optical fibre directly from a hollow preform the drawn fibre consisting of circularly symmetric core and clad
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2207/00Glass deposition burners
    • C03B2207/04Multi-nested ports
    • C03B2207/06Concentric circular ports
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2207/00Glass deposition burners
    • C03B2207/20Specific substances in specified ports, e.g. all gas flows specified
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2207/00Glass deposition burners
    • C03B2207/20Specific substances in specified ports, e.g. all gas flows specified
    • C03B2207/26Multiple ports for glass precursor
    • C03B2207/28Multiple ports for glass precursor for different glass precursors, reactants or modifiers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2207/00Glass deposition burners
    • C03B2207/50Multiple burner arrangements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
    • Y02P40/57Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE

A method of manufacturing an optical transmission fibers comprising forming glass particles by subjecting glass raw material gas to flame hydrolysis, forming a cylindrical glass particle body by supplying the glass particles thus formed onto a starting member so that the glass particles are laminated thereon and successively grown and sintering the cylindrical glass particle body to provide a transparent glass cylinder.
The transparent glass cylinder is inserted into a quartz glass pipe to provide the assembly of the transparent glass cylinder and the quartz glass pipe. The assembly is heated to melt the glass cylinder and the quartz glass pipe together and the assembly is drawn into a thin fiber.

Description

This invention relates to a method of manufac-turing an optical transmission fiber. Typically such glass fibers are used as optical waveguides and the like and have a core with a refractive index higher than that of the peripheral section or clad. This invention relates specifically to the formation of optical fibers by first forming a "preform" of the glass material from which the fiber is ultimately obtained.

SUI~ARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of this invention to define a method oS manu~acturing optical ~ibers that is low in cost and economic-al in manufacture.
It is another object of this invention to provide a method of manufacturing optical fibers using quartz glass as a cover layer.
These and other objects of this invention are accom-plished in a method of manufacturing employing the steps of;

forming glass particles by subjecting glass raw material gas to flame hydrolysis, ~orming a cylindrical glass particle body by supplying the glass particles thus formed onto a starting member so that the glass particles are laminated thereon and - successively grown and sintering the cylindrical glass par-ticle body to provide a transparent glass cylinder. The trans-parent glass cylinder is inserted into a quartz glass pipe to provide the assembly of the transparent glass cylinder and the quartz glass pipe. The assembly is heated to melt the glass cylinder and the quartz glass pipe together and the assembly 3~ is drawn into a thin fiber.

In one embodiment, the assembly is heated at one end to '~

llGO

1 melt the glass cylinder and the quartz glass -together while drawing the assembly into a fiber. In another embodiment the assembly ls heated to melt and collapse the quar-tz pipe. Subsequently, the assembly is subjec-ted to high tem-perature treatment and drawn.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
-Figs. 1 and 2 are diagrams showing the sectional structures and the refractive index distributions of prior art optical fibers;
Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of forming a glass particle cylinder;
Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the nozzle section of a coaxial multi-pipe burner;
Fig. 5 is a diagram for a description of one method of providing a dopant distribution;
Figs. 6 and 7 are diagrams showing the sectional structures of fibers covered with jackets;
Fig. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of forming a fiber; and Fig. g is an explanatory diagram showing a method in which a preform is covered with a jacket, and the assembly of the preform and the jacket is collapsed. `
DESCRIPTION QF TEIE PREFERRED ~BODIMENTS

In order to propagate light in a glass fiber, it is essential that its refractive index is variable radially in the section thereof.
In typical kno~n ~lass fibers, the refractive index of a central section (or a core) 1 is higher than that of a periphexal section (or a clad) 2 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The refractive 1 index of glass may be changed to be higher than th~t of pure - silica by dopinc~ an oxide of germanium (Ge) J phosphorous (P) or titanium (Ti) into silica (SiO2). It may be changed to be lower by doping an oxide of boron (B) or fluorine ~F) into silica The glass material from which a glass fiber is obtained by re-ducing the diameter is called "preform". The section of the preform has a refractive inde~ distribution as indicated in Figs. 1 or 2.
In one of the methods of forming the preform, shown in 1~ Fig. 3, a rotary starting member 3 such as a glass bar or a glass plate is provided, and glass particles 4 whose composition is distributed radially with the distance from the center are laminated in a cylindrical direction to form a cylindrical glass particle body 5. Then, this body 5 is sintered to provide a transparent glass cylinder (or a preform). This method is described in United States Patent No. 4,135,901 issued January 23, 1979 to Fujiwara et al. In laminating the glass particles whose composition is distributed radially, the glass raw material gas whose dopant density is distributed radially, together with oxygen and hydrogen, is supplied by means of a burner 6 to burn the hydrogen, whereby glass particles are formed by flame hydrolysis and are deposited. The dopant density may be distributed radially by using a coaxial multipipe burner comprising pipes 7, 8, 9 and 10 as shown in Fig. 4. The pipes 7 and 8 supply glass raw material gases different in com~
position, and the pipes 9 and 10 supply hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, respectively. The same effect may be obtained by a method in which, as shown in Fig. 5, a plurality of oxyhydrogen burners 11 are arranged, and glass raw material gases different in 3~

composition are supplied into the centers of -the respective flames.
In the case where the preform thus provided is formed into a glass fiber, the Eollowing advantages occur by covering -the outer surface of the preform with a quar-tz glass jac~et (or a cover layer) 12:
(1) A dopant such as boron or phosphorous has hygro-scopicity, which lowers the optical transmission characteristic;

however, the damping absorption can be prevented by the pro-vision of the jacket.
t2) Since the strength of a pure quartz glass is greater than that of a quartz glass con~aining a dopant, the strength of the glass fiber can be increased by covering it with the quartz glass jacket.
(3) In the case where the outsi~e diameter of the glass fiber is set to a constant value, the productivit~ is increased because the amount of preform prepared according to the method described with reference to Fig. 3 is less.

(4) Even if the preform comprising a core and the clad layer is covered with the quartz jacket, the jacket is not related to the transmission of light. Therefore, quartz glass high in optical transmission loss and accordingly low in cost can be employed as the jacket material. This results in the manufacture of optical fibers low in price. Such cross sections are shown in Figs. 6 and 7.
Now, the method of covering the preform with the quartz glass jacket 12 will be described with reference to Fig. 8, A preform 13 prepared in accordance with the method described with reference to Fig. 3 or Fig. 5 is inserted into a quartz glass pipe 14 which will later become the jacket. Then, while O

1 passing through a high temperature furnace (at about 2000C), the preform 13 and the quartz glass pipe 13 are mel~ed to-gether, and the preform 13 and the pipe 14 thus molten are pulled to form a fiber 16.
The same effect may be obtained by employing another method illustrated in Fig. 9. In this method, the preform 13 formed according to the method shown in Fig. 3 or Fig. 5 is in-serted into the quartz glass pipe 1~. The assembly of the pre-form 13 and the pipe 14 is heated at a high temperature (about 1800C) by means o a burner 17 or a furnace until the quartz glass pipe collapses to join the preform 13 and the pipe 1~. Ina subsequent process, the assembly thus treated is subjected to a high temperature (about 2000C) beginning at one end thereof, so that it is e~tended into a thin fiber.
In the above description, the preform having the clad as shown in Figs. 1 or 2 is formed according to the method shown in Fig. 3 or 5, and then the preform is covered with the jacket 12 to have the structure as shown in Fig. 6. However, the same effect can be obtained in accordance with a method in
2~ which, first only the core shown in Figs. 1 or 2 is formed according to the method shown in Fig. 3, and then it is covered with the jacket in accordance with the method shown in Figs.
or 9. In the latter method, the jac~et serves as the clad as shown in Fig. 7.

s C~

Claims (5)

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. A method of manufacturing an optical transmission fiber comprising the steps of:
forming glass particles by subjecting glass raw materi-al gas to flame hydrolysis, forming a cylindrical glass particle body by supply-ing said glass particles thus formed onto a starting member so that said glass particles are laminated thereon, and successively growing of said glass particles thus laminated in an axial direction, sintering said cylindrical glass particle body to provide a transparent glass cylinder, inserting said transparent glass cylinder into a quartz glass pipe to provide an assembly of said transparent glass cylinder and said quartz glass pipe, and extending the assembly into a thin fiber.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of extending said assembly comprises the steps of passing said assembly through heating means to melt said glass cylinder and quartz glass pipe together and drawing the welded assembly into a thin fiber.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of extending said assembly comprises the steps of applying heat to the out-side to cause said quartz glass to collapse and join said trans-parent glass cylinder, heating the collapsed assembly and drawing it into a thin fiber.
4. The method of claims 2 or 3 wherein said transparent glass cylinder comprises a core and a clad, wherein said core has a higher refractive index than said clad and said quartz glass pipe is disposed over said clad.
5. The method of claims 2 or 3 wherein said transparent glass cylinder comprises a core and said quartz glass pipe functions as a clad disposed over said core.
CA000321771A 1978-02-20 1979-02-19 Method of manufacturing optical fibers Expired CA1121160A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1869278A JPS54112218A (en) 1978-02-20 1978-02-20 Production of optical fiber
JP18692/78 1978-02-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1121160A true CA1121160A (en) 1982-04-06

Family

ID=11978665

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA000321771A Expired CA1121160A (en) 1978-02-20 1979-02-19 Method of manufacturing optical fibers

Country Status (5)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS54112218A (en)
CA (1) CA1121160A (en)
DE (1) DE2906523A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2417478B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2016445A (en)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5532716A (en) * 1978-08-25 1980-03-07 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> Production of single mode optical fiber
GB2043619B (en) * 1979-03-07 1983-01-26 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Optical fibre and optical fibre preform manufacture
US4345928A (en) * 1979-10-09 1982-08-24 Nippon Telegraph & Telephone Public Corporation Fabrication method of single-mode optical fiber preforms
DE3036915A1 (en) * 1979-10-09 1981-04-23 Nippon Telegraph & Telephone Public Corp., Tokyo METHOD FOR PRODUCING BLANKS FOR LIGHT-GUIDE FIBERS
GB2065633B (en) * 1979-10-25 1984-03-21 Nippon Telegraph & Telephone Optical transmission fiber and process for producing the same
GB2072870B (en) * 1980-02-21 1984-01-11 Nippon Telegraph & Telephone Method for preparing optical fibres
JPS591221B2 (en) * 1980-08-22 1984-01-11 日本電信電話株式会社 Method for manufacturing rod-shaped base material for optical transmission fiber
DE3206177A1 (en) * 1982-02-20 1983-08-25 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Process for the production of a preform from which optical fibres can be drawn
JPS58149007A (en) * 1982-03-01 1983-09-05 Dainichi Nippon Cables Ltd Multiple fibers
CA1236695A (en) * 1984-09-17 1988-05-17 Koichi Abe Optical fiber
JPS6236035A (en) * 1985-04-18 1987-02-17 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Production of optical fiber base material
DE3521119A1 (en) * 1985-06-13 1986-12-18 Heraeus Quarzschmelze Gmbh, 6450 Hanau METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PREFORM FOR OPTICAL FIBERS AND USE OF A QUARTZ GLASS OR TUBE. DOPED QUARTZ GLASS FOR PRODUCING SUCH A PREFORM
US4759604A (en) * 1985-12-20 1988-07-26 Mitsubishi Cable Industries Ltd. Optical multiconductor of silica glass type
FR2677349B1 (en) * 1991-06-05 1993-09-10 Cabloptic Sa METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AN OPTICAL FIBER.
KR0184481B1 (en) * 1996-06-10 1999-05-15 김광호 Highly productive optical fiber extraction facility and extraction process thereof

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5171316A (en) * 1974-12-18 1976-06-21 Sumitomo Electric Industries HIKARIDENSOYOGARASUNO SEIZOHOHO
JPS5220042A (en) * 1975-08-08 1977-02-15 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Process for fabricating a preform capable of transmitting light
JPS5910938B2 (en) * 1976-05-19 1984-03-12 住友電気工業株式会社 Method of manufacturing optical transmission glass

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2417478B1 (en) 1986-04-25
DE2906523A1 (en) 1979-09-06
FR2417478A1 (en) 1979-09-14
JPS54112218A (en) 1979-09-03
GB2016445A (en) 1979-09-26

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