CA1117766A - Process for beneficiation of titanium ores - Google Patents
Process for beneficiation of titanium oresInfo
- Publication number
- CA1117766A CA1117766A CA000313820A CA313820A CA1117766A CA 1117766 A CA1117766 A CA 1117766A CA 000313820 A CA000313820 A CA 000313820A CA 313820 A CA313820 A CA 313820A CA 1117766 A CA1117766 A CA 1117766A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- beneficiation
- concentrate
- carried out
- magnetic
- titanium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE:
Invention Patent of "PROCESS FOR BENEFICIATION
OF TITANIUM ORES" which basically consists of the removal of impurities contained in titanium ores, in which such impurities appear as oxides and cannot be eliminated by conventional mechanical processes for ore concentration. The process includes scrubbing, desliming; electromagnetic separation of the thick fraction for the removal of magnetite and decrease of the iron content, grinding of the non-magnetic fraction and its flotation for removal of part of the phosphates, calcining and reduction of the concentrate and both magnetic and electro-static separation. The latter is carried out in stages which eliminate the impurities and make it possible to obtain a pre-concentrate, which undergoes another electrostatic separa-tion in order to obtain a final concentrate with a high TiO2 content and a middling concentrate which is recycled to the system.
Invention Patent of "PROCESS FOR BENEFICIATION
OF TITANIUM ORES" which basically consists of the removal of impurities contained in titanium ores, in which such impurities appear as oxides and cannot be eliminated by conventional mechanical processes for ore concentration. The process includes scrubbing, desliming; electromagnetic separation of the thick fraction for the removal of magnetite and decrease of the iron content, grinding of the non-magnetic fraction and its flotation for removal of part of the phosphates, calcining and reduction of the concentrate and both magnetic and electro-static separation. The latter is carried out in stages which eliminate the impurities and make it possible to obtain a pre-concentrate, which undergoes another electrostatic separa-tion in order to obtain a final concentrate with a high TiO2 content and a middling concentrate which is recycled to the system.
Description
'Y~i This invention desc~ibes a process for beneficiation of titanium ores, which basically consists of the removal of impurities from titanium ore through a series of mechanical operations, rising the titanium dioxide content to levels consistent with those required either for direct commercialization or for the production of a raw material for more sophisticated concentration processes, aiming at obtaining products with higher titanium dioxide (TiO2) contents.
The world scarcity of high grade titanium ores has caused intenslve research in order to obtain richer concentrates from the poor ores.
The use of poor ores by a number of consumers has led to the production of highly polluting effluents that go against the low which is increasingly more strict against pollution. This fact gives rise to the consumers increasing need to search high grade concentrates which would reduce the referred inconvenience to a minimum.
The various existing patents related to the bene-ficiation of titanium ores generally use ilmenite, an abundant ore with a TiO2 grade varying between 45 and 58~. The processes for concentration of ilmenites, on the other hand, produce polluting effluent substances, which simply transferred the pollution problem from the consumer to the producer.
The present invention provides a process forbene-ficiation of titanium ores, in which titanium appears as an oxide, comprising the following stages: scrubbing and desliming of the ore, followed by magnetic separation to remove magnetite;
grinding of the non-magnetic fraction and separation of fines to obtain a ground concentrate which is subjected to flotatlon, to remove phosphates; calcination and reduction of dry concentrate obtained after flotation which then undergoes low intensity magnetic separation to obtain a reduced non-magnetlc fraction;
the reduced non-magnetic fraction then undergoes electrostatic separation to obtain a titanium oxide concentrate.
3 ~ 1 -~9:
11177~ifi In accordance with the p~esent iPxention scrubbing and desliming may be pe~foxme~ until a f~actio~ ~et~een 18 and 0.105 millimeters is ohtained~
In accordance with the invention magnetic separation may be carried out in a magnetic field of between 300 and 3000 Gauss.
In accordance with the invention the grinding of the non-magnetic fraction may be carried out in closed circuit to a size of 0.841 millimeters and the size calibration may be carried out in a plain inclined and fixed screen.
In accordance with the present invention the flotation may be carried out under conditions which make it possible to obtain a concentrate with less then 3~ of P2O5.
In accordance with the present invention the calcination may be carried out at a temperature equal to or less than 900C .
In accordance with the present invention the reduction may be carried out at temperatures of between 400 and 600C
in a reducing atmosphere in which the gas for reduction contains at least 10% of reducing gas.
In accordance with the present invention the electro-static separation of the reduced non-magnetic fraction may be carried out in an electric field of between 5 KV and 50 K~.
The importance of the new invention process for beneficiation of titanium ore to obtain concentrates with high TiO2 content is based on the use of ores in which titanium is found as an oxide (TiO2) and not as a titanate which requires chemical processes for its concentration. In this new invention process, mechanicai operations are required and the production of effluent substances is practically eliminated.
The invention now presented satisfies the co~sumer's ~1~17766 needs to obtain a product with high TiO2 content which, moreover, does not go against the increasingly rigid anti-pollution laws during this operation.
According to this invention, the raw material used in the new process are ores in which titanium appears mainly, but not exclusively, as impure oxides, by the presence of silica and compounds of iron, calcium, magnesium, pho9phorus, aluminium, sodium and potassium.
The ore initially undergoes a disaggregation step through scrubbing, followed by desliming when the fraction above O.lOSmillimeters is recovered.
The fraction is recovered, with a maximum size of 18 milimeters, undergoes a low intensity magnetic separation during which the magnetite is removed. The non magnetic fraction is ground in closed circuit to attain 0.841millimeter~, The fines are separated in a plain, inclined and fixed screen, or in an equivalent equipment, which closes the circuit.
The uniformely ground material is then conditioned with flotation anionic reagents and i~ sent to the rougher flotation cell , producing a concentrate which undergoes at least one operation in a cleaning flotation cell providing a concentrate from which most of the impurities constituted by phosphates have been removed.
The concentrate, after its drying, i~ sent to calcining in rotating furnace at the maximum temperature of 900C. The calcined concentrate undergoes reduction at a temperature between 400 and 600C with a reducing gaseous mixture and while still hot, is submitted to a low intensity magnetic separation.
The hot non-magnetic fraction is then sent to the electrostatic separation ~ystem, constituted by at least two stages. The first system produces a tailing from which ~11776~;
silica and a pre-concentrate are removed as the main impurities.
In the second stage a final concentrate and a medium concentrate, which is recircled, are obtained.
EXAMPLE
1000 kg of ore with 20,66% TiO2 content were fed to a scrubber and were then sent to a classifier in which the fraction with grain size above approximately 0.105millimeters wa~ separated. This fraction, representing 56.9% of the feeding, has undergone magnetic separation in 900 gauss field.
The non magnetic fraction, which represents 28.6%
of the feeding, fed a closed grinding circuit, reducing its grain size to 0.841 milimeters. At this stage the fraction has already presented a content of 41.09% of TiO2.
The pulp obtained was conditioned and floated for the removal of phospates.
After drying and calcining at 700C, the flotation concentrate was cooled down to 500C and reduced in a reducing atmosphere containing 24% of C0.
The reduced material, still hot, was submitted to a magnetic separation in 900 gauss field, providing a non-magnetic concentrate with 55.25% of TiO2.
While still hot, the fraction was sent to the first electrostatic separation in a 15 KV field, resulting in the ~eparation of a ~iliceous tailing.
In a second electrostatic separation in a 25 KV field, a final product with 84.70% of TiO2 and a tailing-which was recycled in the first stage of the electrostatic separation was obtained.
The results obtained are shown in the table below.
.
1~1776~
Product o~ Weiqht % TiO2% Recovery 1. Calculated feeding100,00 20.66 100.00
The world scarcity of high grade titanium ores has caused intenslve research in order to obtain richer concentrates from the poor ores.
The use of poor ores by a number of consumers has led to the production of highly polluting effluents that go against the low which is increasingly more strict against pollution. This fact gives rise to the consumers increasing need to search high grade concentrates which would reduce the referred inconvenience to a minimum.
The various existing patents related to the bene-ficiation of titanium ores generally use ilmenite, an abundant ore with a TiO2 grade varying between 45 and 58~. The processes for concentration of ilmenites, on the other hand, produce polluting effluent substances, which simply transferred the pollution problem from the consumer to the producer.
The present invention provides a process forbene-ficiation of titanium ores, in which titanium appears as an oxide, comprising the following stages: scrubbing and desliming of the ore, followed by magnetic separation to remove magnetite;
grinding of the non-magnetic fraction and separation of fines to obtain a ground concentrate which is subjected to flotatlon, to remove phosphates; calcination and reduction of dry concentrate obtained after flotation which then undergoes low intensity magnetic separation to obtain a reduced non-magnetlc fraction;
the reduced non-magnetic fraction then undergoes electrostatic separation to obtain a titanium oxide concentrate.
3 ~ 1 -~9:
11177~ifi In accordance with the p~esent iPxention scrubbing and desliming may be pe~foxme~ until a f~actio~ ~et~een 18 and 0.105 millimeters is ohtained~
In accordance with the invention magnetic separation may be carried out in a magnetic field of between 300 and 3000 Gauss.
In accordance with the invention the grinding of the non-magnetic fraction may be carried out in closed circuit to a size of 0.841 millimeters and the size calibration may be carried out in a plain inclined and fixed screen.
In accordance with the present invention the flotation may be carried out under conditions which make it possible to obtain a concentrate with less then 3~ of P2O5.
In accordance with the present invention the calcination may be carried out at a temperature equal to or less than 900C .
In accordance with the present invention the reduction may be carried out at temperatures of between 400 and 600C
in a reducing atmosphere in which the gas for reduction contains at least 10% of reducing gas.
In accordance with the present invention the electro-static separation of the reduced non-magnetic fraction may be carried out in an electric field of between 5 KV and 50 K~.
The importance of the new invention process for beneficiation of titanium ore to obtain concentrates with high TiO2 content is based on the use of ores in which titanium is found as an oxide (TiO2) and not as a titanate which requires chemical processes for its concentration. In this new invention process, mechanicai operations are required and the production of effluent substances is practically eliminated.
The invention now presented satisfies the co~sumer's ~1~17766 needs to obtain a product with high TiO2 content which, moreover, does not go against the increasingly rigid anti-pollution laws during this operation.
According to this invention, the raw material used in the new process are ores in which titanium appears mainly, but not exclusively, as impure oxides, by the presence of silica and compounds of iron, calcium, magnesium, pho9phorus, aluminium, sodium and potassium.
The ore initially undergoes a disaggregation step through scrubbing, followed by desliming when the fraction above O.lOSmillimeters is recovered.
The fraction is recovered, with a maximum size of 18 milimeters, undergoes a low intensity magnetic separation during which the magnetite is removed. The non magnetic fraction is ground in closed circuit to attain 0.841millimeter~, The fines are separated in a plain, inclined and fixed screen, or in an equivalent equipment, which closes the circuit.
The uniformely ground material is then conditioned with flotation anionic reagents and i~ sent to the rougher flotation cell , producing a concentrate which undergoes at least one operation in a cleaning flotation cell providing a concentrate from which most of the impurities constituted by phosphates have been removed.
The concentrate, after its drying, i~ sent to calcining in rotating furnace at the maximum temperature of 900C. The calcined concentrate undergoes reduction at a temperature between 400 and 600C with a reducing gaseous mixture and while still hot, is submitted to a low intensity magnetic separation.
The hot non-magnetic fraction is then sent to the electrostatic separation ~ystem, constituted by at least two stages. The first system produces a tailing from which ~11776~;
silica and a pre-concentrate are removed as the main impurities.
In the second stage a final concentrate and a medium concentrate, which is recircled, are obtained.
EXAMPLE
1000 kg of ore with 20,66% TiO2 content were fed to a scrubber and were then sent to a classifier in which the fraction with grain size above approximately 0.105millimeters wa~ separated. This fraction, representing 56.9% of the feeding, has undergone magnetic separation in 900 gauss field.
The non magnetic fraction, which represents 28.6%
of the feeding, fed a closed grinding circuit, reducing its grain size to 0.841 milimeters. At this stage the fraction has already presented a content of 41.09% of TiO2.
The pulp obtained was conditioned and floated for the removal of phospates.
After drying and calcining at 700C, the flotation concentrate was cooled down to 500C and reduced in a reducing atmosphere containing 24% of C0.
The reduced material, still hot, was submitted to a magnetic separation in 900 gauss field, providing a non-magnetic concentrate with 55.25% of TiO2.
While still hot, the fraction was sent to the first electrostatic separation in a 15 KV field, resulting in the ~eparation of a ~iliceous tailing.
In a second electrostatic separation in a 25 KV field, a final product with 84.70% of TiO2 and a tailing-which was recycled in the first stage of the electrostatic separation was obtained.
The results obtained are shown in the table below.
.
1~1776~
Product o~ Weiqht % TiO2% Recovery 1. Calculated feeding100,00 20.66 100.00
2. Slime and fines 0,105mm 43.10 10.03 20.92
3. Magnetics 28.30 16.21 22.20
4. Phosphate concentrate 6.15 0.60 0.18
5. Magnetic 7.45 46.00 16~59
6. Siliceous tailing 7.83 28.28 10.72
7. Titanium concentrate7.17 84.70 29.39 The example above is presented for better clarifica-tion to the experts in the technique, however it i~ not limitative to the invention.
Claims (8)
1. Process for beneficiation of titanium ores, in which titanium appears as an oxide, comprising the following stages: scrubbing and desliming of the ore, followed by magnetic separation to remove magnetite; grinding of the non-magnetic fraction and separation of fines to obtain a ground concentrate which is subjected to flotation, to remove phosphates; cal-cination and reduction of dry concentrate obtained after flotation which then undergoes low intensity magnetic separation to obtain a reduced non-magnetic fraction the reduced non-magnetic fraction then undergoes electrostatic separation to obtain a titanium oxide concentrate.
2. Process for beneficiation of titanium ores, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that scrubbing and desliming are performed until a fraction between 18 and 0.105 millimeters is obtained.
3. Process for beneficiation of titanium ores, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the magnetic separation is carried out in a magnetic field of between 300 and 3,000 Gauss.
4. Process for beneficiation of titanium ores, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the grinding of the non-magnetic fraction is carried out in closed circuit to a size of 0.841 millimeters and the size calibration is carried out in a plain, inclined and fixed screen.
5. Process for beneficiation of titanium ores, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the flota-tion is carried out under conditions which make it possible to obtain a concentrate with less than 3% of P2O5.
6. Process for beneficiation of titanium ores, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the calcination is carried out at a temperature equal to or less than 900°C.
7. Process for beneficiation of titanium ores, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the reduction is carried out at temperatures of between 400 and 600°C in a reducing atmosphere in which the gas for reduction contains at least 10% of reducing gas.
8. Process for beneficiation of titanium ores, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the electrostatic separation of the reduced non-magnetic fraction is carried out in an electric field of between 5 KV and 50 KV.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000313820A CA1117766A (en) | 1978-10-20 | 1978-10-20 | Process for beneficiation of titanium ores |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000313820A CA1117766A (en) | 1978-10-20 | 1978-10-20 | Process for beneficiation of titanium ores |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1117766A true CA1117766A (en) | 1982-02-09 |
Family
ID=4112641
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000313820A Expired CA1117766A (en) | 1978-10-20 | 1978-10-20 | Process for beneficiation of titanium ores |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1117766A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1992004121A1 (en) * | 1990-08-30 | 1992-03-19 | Austpac Gold N.L. | Process for separating ilmenite |
| AU667437B2 (en) * | 1993-06-25 | 1996-03-21 | Almeth Pty Limited | Primary beneficiation of ilmenite |
| CN100443191C (en) * | 2005-10-19 | 2008-12-17 | 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Floatation method of whole grade ilmenite |
| CN102181626A (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2011-09-14 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Beneficiation method of ilmenite |
| CN112295727A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-02-02 | 攀枝花合润再生资源综合利用有限公司 | Method for extracting titanium concentrate and iron concentrate by using ilmenite tailings |
-
1978
- 1978-10-20 CA CA000313820A patent/CA1117766A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1992004121A1 (en) * | 1990-08-30 | 1992-03-19 | Austpac Gold N.L. | Process for separating ilmenite |
| US5595347A (en) * | 1990-08-30 | 1997-01-21 | Austpac Gold N.L. | Process for separating ilmenite |
| CN1037983C (en) * | 1990-08-30 | 1998-04-08 | 澳斯特派克黄金公司 | Improved process for separating ilmenite |
| AU667437B2 (en) * | 1993-06-25 | 1996-03-21 | Almeth Pty Limited | Primary beneficiation of ilmenite |
| CN100443191C (en) * | 2005-10-19 | 2008-12-17 | 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Floatation method of whole grade ilmenite |
| CN102181626A (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2011-09-14 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Beneficiation method of ilmenite |
| CN102181626B (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2012-07-25 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Beneficiation method of ilmenite |
| CN112295727A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-02-02 | 攀枝花合润再生资源综合利用有限公司 | Method for extracting titanium concentrate and iron concentrate by using ilmenite tailings |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |