CA1115996A - Pliers device for closing u-shaped clip - Google Patents
Pliers device for closing u-shaped clipInfo
- Publication number
- CA1115996A CA1115996A CA249,094A CA249094A CA1115996A CA 1115996 A CA1115996 A CA 1115996A CA 249094 A CA249094 A CA 249094A CA 1115996 A CA1115996 A CA 1115996A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- clip
- arm
- arms
- curved
- closure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
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- Package Closures (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A closure clip adapted to be closed about a gathered portion of a wrapping material, wherein the clip is substantially U-shaped having a first arm and a second arm joined by an arcuate web, the first and second arms being intended to be bent towards one another to engage and close about the gathered portion of wrapping material, and wherein the first arm is curved in the direction in which the clip is intended to be closed and the second arm is curved in the same direction as the first arm, thereby being curved in the opposite direction to that in which the clip is intended to be closed.
A closure clip adapted to be closed about a gathered portion of a wrapping material, wherein the clip is substantially U-shaped having a first arm and a second arm joined by an arcuate web, the first and second arms being intended to be bent towards one another to engage and close about the gathered portion of wrapping material, and wherein the first arm is curved in the direction in which the clip is intended to be closed and the second arm is curved in the same direction as the first arm, thereby being curved in the opposite direction to that in which the clip is intended to be closed.
Description
The present invention is a divisional application of the Canadian paten-t application 188,352 filed December 17, 1973.
The present invention relates to a closure clip to be used with a pliers device and more particularly with a pliers device for closing the clip about a gathered por-tion of a packaging or wrapping material, e,g, the mouth of a bag to close the bag.
~ he closure clip of this invention is preferably but not necessarily employed with the pliers device of the parent application 18~,352; the clip of the present application is suitable for use with the pliers device of the parent application having a circular arcuate clip guide path, because it ma~es possible a reliable gathering and closing operation which can be easily performed by hand.
In the parent application there is provided a pliers device -for closing a U-shaped clip, the clip having a pair of : opposed arms interconnected by a web about a gathered portion of a packaging envelope wherein the device comprises a first and a second arm members pivotably connected to each other, a punch plate pivotably connected about a pivot to the first arm member, the punch plate being mounted in a housing element of the first arm mèmber and having a housing engaging and supporting the arms and the web of the cllp, the housing element :Eorming an integral end of the first arm member. ~ die is carried b~ the first arm member~ and punch plate driving means pivotably connect the punch plate to the second arm member for pivotably driving the punch plate and thus advancing a clip -toward and ayainst the die to effect bending by the die of the advancing clip arms around the gathered portion of the envelope inserted in front of the clip, A gathering arm is pivotably and resiliently connected to the housing element, a nose of the housiny element serving as an additional guide element for the gathered portion of 3~i the envelope. The die is provided in the housing element near the eonnection point of the ga-thering arm to the housing elemen-t.
According to one aspect of the pliers device o~ the parent applica-tion -the punch p]a-te driving means is a knee lever having one lever arm connec-ted at one encl by a bolt to the punch plate and pivotabl~ connected a-t the other end to another lever arm whieh is an extension of the second arm.
The gathering arm may be formed with an indentation whieh serves as a support for one of -the arms of the clip during closure.
The clips may be accommodated in a magazine and urged through an entry aper-ture into the housing of the punch pla-te by a stirrup spring~
According to another aspect of the pliers device of the parant application, the punch plate driving means is a bolt connected to the second arm7 the bol-t being engaged in a control cam of the punch pla-te, According to a further aspect of -the pliers device of the parent application, a ~unnel-shapecl aperture is provided in the housing element, the funnel-shaped aper-ture leading to a housing space and con~erging into a cons-triction which ensures that the gathered portion of -the envelope is maintainecl in the housing space in such a way -that when the pliers device is closed a boundary of the housing suppor-ting ~he clip embraces -the gathered portion with the clip and does not clamage it~ a gatherer pivo-table with the punch plate additionally gathering the gathered portion when the clip is guided on to the die, a spacer ., $
being provided adjacen-t the die for ensuring that the gathered portion cloes not rest upon the dieD so that the c-lip when clo~ed embrace~ -the gathered portion without damagi~g i-t~
According to the presen~ invention there is p~ovided a closure clip adapted to be closed about a gathered portion or a wrapping material, wherein the clip is substantially U-~haped having a first arm and a second ar~ joine~ by an arcuat~ web9 the fir~t and second arms being intended to be bent towards one another to engage and ~lose about the gathered portion of wrapping material, and wherein the fir~t arm i~ curved in the direction in which the clip i~ int~nded to be closed and the second arm is curved in the same direction a~ the ~irst arm7 thereby being curved in the opposite directio~ to that in which the clip is intended to be ~losed.
Preferably, the arms lie along arcs of approximately concentrio circles, which i~ turn correspond to the bou~dary of the circular arcuate clip guide path. The arms may also be of unequal length, the second arm being more sharpl~ curved and ~horter than the fir~t arml It is thereby ensured that the arms strike the die ~imultaneously a-t the end of the circular arcuate clip path~
The ends of the arms may also be bent towards one another in order to ensure that both arm~ reliably strike the die and the web connecting the arms may be approximately semi-circular.
Furthermore, a slighter exertion of ~orce i~ necessary ~or the closure by this means, and the arm~ commence to roll more readily when they strike the die, thereby obv:iating upsetting~
The clip of the present invention is particularly suitable for use with the plier~ device of the parent applica-tion having a circular arcuate clip guide path; becau~e it make~
po~sible a rel.iable gathering and closing operation which ca~
easily be performed by hand~
The present clip has the additional ad-vantage that the lnner arm which i~ curved in the opposite direction to the closi~g direction exhibits a stro~ger closing forc~ than a straight arm or than the ou-ter arm which i9 curved in the closure direction. Inasmuch as the said inner arm exhibits a greater maintaining force against the static retu~ force - i,e. the tendency of the clo~ed gather to open ~ a smaller cross~sction of the clip for an equal closing ~orce i9 rendered possible, or else a stronger and more reliable clo ure i~ achieved for the same cross-section.
Wires of various profiles may be used for the present c li p`q .
In order to enable the invention to be more readil~
under~tood, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings which illustrate diagrammatically and by way o~ example some embodiments of the closure olip of the pxesent invention and the plier~ aevics of the parent applicationf a~d in which:-Figure 1 is a ~ide view of a clo~ure pliers in an open position but without a clip magazine, Figure 2 is a ~ide view of the plier~ shown in Figure 1 in a closed position, Figure 3 i~ a longitudinal section through the closure pller~ shown in Figures 1 and 2 but w.ith a clip magazine present, Figure 4 i~ a side ~iew o~ the clo~ure tools of a clo~ure pliersl in an open position and with a gathering plate removed, Figure 5 i~ a side view ~howing the ~ame pliers of Figure 4 in a clo~ed poYition9 Figure 6 i~ a side view of a closure pliers with a funnel-shaped aperture to receive the end of a bag~
; h P ~ ~i Figure 7 shows a U-shaped closuxe clip for u~e with the clo~ure plier~ 3hown in Figure~ 1 to 6, and Figures 8 and 9 show -the closure clip in a closed state.
In order to better underst~nd the structure and use of the closur~ clip of' the pre~ent in~ent.ion, a de~cription of the pliers device of the parent application is fir~t given hereinbelow.
Referring to the drawing~9 the closure pliars 3hown in ~igures 1 to 3 comprise~ pliers arm members 1 and 2 whieh are pivotally interconnected about a pivot 3 and ~etween which i~ a eompression ~pring 4. ~he arm member 1 is the load arm and comprises a housing element 5 for the individual component~
of the clo~ure device, including a pun¢h plate 6, which is mounted rotatably a~out an axis or pivot 7. ~he punch plate 6 contains a trough-shaped recess or housing 8 for a clip 9, the boundary 10 of the hou3ing 8 embracing the web and the arms o~ a clip 9 totally ~r partially. ~he clip 9 i~ i.ntroduced through an entry aperture 11 into the housing 8 of the punch plate 6. The bu~ched gather 12 of a packaging envelope is introduced between the hou~ing element 5 and a movable gathering arm 13 into a housing space 14, ~he gathering arm 13 i9 mounted rotatably on a bolt 15 and i8 maintain~d in a clo~ed po~ition by a return spring 16, A no3e 17 of the hou~ing element 5 serve~ as an additional guide clement for the gather 12~
Upon closlng the plier~, the clip 9 i~ guided by the punch plate 6 along a circular ~rcuate closure path as i~dicated by the arrow 18 towards a ~ie 19~ Along the closure path the gather 12 is further gathered together 7 n the housing ~pace 14 in front of the clip 9. ~hs arms of the clip 9 are guided past one another in parallel groo~es ~Figure 3) on the d.ie ~9. ~he boundary 1~ of the trough-shaped hou~ing 8 ~or the clip 9 then embrace~ the die 19. In order to permit this, the external surfaces 20 and 21 o~ the die 19 are li.kewi~e of circular arcuate constructio~.
The punch plate 6 is driven through a knee lever having one lever arm 22 connected by a bolt 24 to the punch plate 6 and plvotally connected a-t 25 to the other lever arm 23 which is an extension o~ the arm 2 of the clo~ure plier~.
It will be seen from ~igure 3 that th.e gathering arm 13 i~ formed with an indentation 26 which serve~ as a support for the outer arm of the clip 9 during closure. ~he clips 9 are accommo-dated in magazine 27 and are urged through an entry aperture 11 into the housing 8 by a stirrup spring 28~
~ igure~ 4 and 5 show another drive ~ystem for a punch plate 6. The punch plate 6 i~ driven by mean~ o~ ~ dri~e bolt 30 e~lgaging in a control cam 29 and movable by the arm 2. ~he remaining parts of the plier~ shown in ~igures 4 and 5 are similar to thos~ of the plier~ shown in ~igure3 1 to 3 and bear the same reference numerals.
Referring now to Figure 6, there is ~hown an embodime~t o~ -the plier~ ln which the bunched end o~ a packaging ~n~elope i9 introduced through a ~unnel-~haped aperture 35 into a housing ~pace 14, the funnel-~haped aperture 35 conYerging into a con3triction which ensures that the gath~red end of the bag is maintained in th~ housing ~pace 14 in such a way that when the plier~ is clo~ed the boundRry 10 of a housing 8 embrace~ -the gather with the clip and doe~ not damage it. A movable gatherer 36~ which i~ mo~able rou~d the pivot point o~ the punch plate 6 together wi.-th the punch plate, additionall~ gather~ the end of the bag when the clip i~ guided on to the die, in order that the 30 two ~rms of the clip cam embrace the gather of -the bag without obstruction. ~ spacer 37 ensures that the end of the bag doe3 not rest upon the die, so that the ends of the clip when closed embrace the gather of the ~ag ~ld do no~ damage it, ~gain the remaining part~ o~ the pliers 9hOWn in ~igure 6 are similar to those of the pliers shQwn in ~igure~ 1 to 3 and bear the same reference numeral3.
Now turning to the closure clip of the present inven-tion,in each cfthe embodiments descrlbed abo~e, the clip 9 according to the present in~ention i~ adapted to the circular arcuate clip guide path 18, in that both arms 31 and ~2 (Figure 7) of the clip extend arcuately in the 3ame direc-tion. They lie upon circular arcs with the radii R1 and R2 and with a common centre point 7~ which is the pivot point of the punch plate 6. ~he more ~harply curved inner clip arm 32 i~ shorter than the outer arm 31, in order that the arms ~trike the die 19 simultaneously. me ends 3~ of the arms are bent inwards in order ~o facilitate the closure operat~on, while the bridge 34 is ~emi-circular, by which means the packaging gather i~ best embraced.
Figure~ 8 and 9 show the clips in the closed state, in which the clip arms have been guided past one another. ~hey have been applied to the eircumference of the gather to a greater or lesser degree depending upon the thickne~s of the gather.
The present invention relates to a closure clip to be used with a pliers device and more particularly with a pliers device for closing the clip about a gathered por-tion of a packaging or wrapping material, e,g, the mouth of a bag to close the bag.
~ he closure clip of this invention is preferably but not necessarily employed with the pliers device of the parent application 18~,352; the clip of the present application is suitable for use with the pliers device of the parent application having a circular arcuate clip guide path, because it ma~es possible a reliable gathering and closing operation which can be easily performed by hand.
In the parent application there is provided a pliers device -for closing a U-shaped clip, the clip having a pair of : opposed arms interconnected by a web about a gathered portion of a packaging envelope wherein the device comprises a first and a second arm members pivotably connected to each other, a punch plate pivotably connected about a pivot to the first arm member, the punch plate being mounted in a housing element of the first arm mèmber and having a housing engaging and supporting the arms and the web of the cllp, the housing element :Eorming an integral end of the first arm member. ~ die is carried b~ the first arm member~ and punch plate driving means pivotably connect the punch plate to the second arm member for pivotably driving the punch plate and thus advancing a clip -toward and ayainst the die to effect bending by the die of the advancing clip arms around the gathered portion of the envelope inserted in front of the clip, A gathering arm is pivotably and resiliently connected to the housing element, a nose of the housiny element serving as an additional guide element for the gathered portion of 3~i the envelope. The die is provided in the housing element near the eonnection point of the ga-thering arm to the housing elemen-t.
According to one aspect of the pliers device o~ the parent applica-tion -the punch p]a-te driving means is a knee lever having one lever arm connec-ted at one encl by a bolt to the punch plate and pivotabl~ connected a-t the other end to another lever arm whieh is an extension of the second arm.
The gathering arm may be formed with an indentation whieh serves as a support for one of -the arms of the clip during closure.
The clips may be accommodated in a magazine and urged through an entry aper-ture into the housing of the punch pla-te by a stirrup spring~
According to another aspect of the pliers device of the parant application, the punch plate driving means is a bolt connected to the second arm7 the bol-t being engaged in a control cam of the punch pla-te, According to a further aspect of -the pliers device of the parent application, a ~unnel-shapecl aperture is provided in the housing element, the funnel-shaped aper-ture leading to a housing space and con~erging into a cons-triction which ensures that the gathered portion of -the envelope is maintainecl in the housing space in such a way -that when the pliers device is closed a boundary of the housing suppor-ting ~he clip embraces -the gathered portion with the clip and does not clamage it~ a gatherer pivo-table with the punch plate additionally gathering the gathered portion when the clip is guided on to the die, a spacer ., $
being provided adjacen-t the die for ensuring that the gathered portion cloes not rest upon the dieD so that the c-lip when clo~ed embrace~ -the gathered portion without damagi~g i-t~
According to the presen~ invention there is p~ovided a closure clip adapted to be closed about a gathered portion or a wrapping material, wherein the clip is substantially U-~haped having a first arm and a second ar~ joine~ by an arcuat~ web9 the fir~t and second arms being intended to be bent towards one another to engage and ~lose about the gathered portion of wrapping material, and wherein the fir~t arm i~ curved in the direction in which the clip i~ int~nded to be closed and the second arm is curved in the same direction a~ the ~irst arm7 thereby being curved in the opposite directio~ to that in which the clip is intended to be ~losed.
Preferably, the arms lie along arcs of approximately concentrio circles, which i~ turn correspond to the bou~dary of the circular arcuate clip guide path. The arms may also be of unequal length, the second arm being more sharpl~ curved and ~horter than the fir~t arml It is thereby ensured that the arms strike the die ~imultaneously a-t the end of the circular arcuate clip path~
The ends of the arms may also be bent towards one another in order to ensure that both arm~ reliably strike the die and the web connecting the arms may be approximately semi-circular.
Furthermore, a slighter exertion of ~orce i~ necessary ~or the closure by this means, and the arm~ commence to roll more readily when they strike the die, thereby obv:iating upsetting~
The clip of the present invention is particularly suitable for use with the plier~ device of the parent applica-tion having a circular arcuate clip guide path; becau~e it make~
po~sible a rel.iable gathering and closing operation which ca~
easily be performed by hand~
The present clip has the additional ad-vantage that the lnner arm which i~ curved in the opposite direction to the closi~g direction exhibits a stro~ger closing forc~ than a straight arm or than the ou-ter arm which i9 curved in the closure direction. Inasmuch as the said inner arm exhibits a greater maintaining force against the static retu~ force - i,e. the tendency of the clo~ed gather to open ~ a smaller cross~sction of the clip for an equal closing ~orce i9 rendered possible, or else a stronger and more reliable clo ure i~ achieved for the same cross-section.
Wires of various profiles may be used for the present c li p`q .
In order to enable the invention to be more readil~
under~tood, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings which illustrate diagrammatically and by way o~ example some embodiments of the closure olip of the pxesent invention and the plier~ aevics of the parent applicationf a~d in which:-Figure 1 is a ~ide view of a clo~ure pliers in an open position but without a clip magazine, Figure 2 is a ~ide view of the plier~ shown in Figure 1 in a closed position, Figure 3 i~ a longitudinal section through the closure pller~ shown in Figures 1 and 2 but w.ith a clip magazine present, Figure 4 i~ a side ~iew o~ the clo~ure tools of a clo~ure pliersl in an open position and with a gathering plate removed, Figure 5 i~ a side view ~howing the ~ame pliers of Figure 4 in a clo~ed poYition9 Figure 6 i~ a side view of a closure pliers with a funnel-shaped aperture to receive the end of a bag~
; h P ~ ~i Figure 7 shows a U-shaped closuxe clip for u~e with the clo~ure plier~ 3hown in Figure~ 1 to 6, and Figures 8 and 9 show -the closure clip in a closed state.
In order to better underst~nd the structure and use of the closur~ clip of' the pre~ent in~ent.ion, a de~cription of the pliers device of the parent application is fir~t given hereinbelow.
Referring to the drawing~9 the closure pliars 3hown in ~igures 1 to 3 comprise~ pliers arm members 1 and 2 whieh are pivotally interconnected about a pivot 3 and ~etween which i~ a eompression ~pring 4. ~he arm member 1 is the load arm and comprises a housing element 5 for the individual component~
of the clo~ure device, including a pun¢h plate 6, which is mounted rotatably a~out an axis or pivot 7. ~he punch plate 6 contains a trough-shaped recess or housing 8 for a clip 9, the boundary 10 of the hou3ing 8 embracing the web and the arms o~ a clip 9 totally ~r partially. ~he clip 9 i~ i.ntroduced through an entry aperture 11 into the housing 8 of the punch plate 6. The bu~ched gather 12 of a packaging envelope is introduced between the hou~ing element 5 and a movable gathering arm 13 into a housing space 14, ~he gathering arm 13 i9 mounted rotatably on a bolt 15 and i8 maintain~d in a clo~ed po~ition by a return spring 16, A no3e 17 of the hou~ing element 5 serve~ as an additional guide clement for the gather 12~
Upon closlng the plier~, the clip 9 i~ guided by the punch plate 6 along a circular ~rcuate closure path as i~dicated by the arrow 18 towards a ~ie 19~ Along the closure path the gather 12 is further gathered together 7 n the housing ~pace 14 in front of the clip 9. ~hs arms of the clip 9 are guided past one another in parallel groo~es ~Figure 3) on the d.ie ~9. ~he boundary 1~ of the trough-shaped hou~ing 8 ~or the clip 9 then embrace~ the die 19. In order to permit this, the external surfaces 20 and 21 o~ the die 19 are li.kewi~e of circular arcuate constructio~.
The punch plate 6 is driven through a knee lever having one lever arm 22 connected by a bolt 24 to the punch plate 6 and plvotally connected a-t 25 to the other lever arm 23 which is an extension o~ the arm 2 of the clo~ure plier~.
It will be seen from ~igure 3 that th.e gathering arm 13 i~ formed with an indentation 26 which serve~ as a support for the outer arm of the clip 9 during closure. ~he clips 9 are accommo-dated in magazine 27 and are urged through an entry aperture 11 into the housing 8 by a stirrup spring 28~
~ igure~ 4 and 5 show another drive ~ystem for a punch plate 6. The punch plate 6 i~ driven by mean~ o~ ~ dri~e bolt 30 e~lgaging in a control cam 29 and movable by the arm 2. ~he remaining parts of the plier~ shown in ~igures 4 and 5 are similar to thos~ of the plier~ shown in ~igure3 1 to 3 and bear the same reference numerals.
Referring now to Figure 6, there is ~hown an embodime~t o~ -the plier~ ln which the bunched end o~ a packaging ~n~elope i9 introduced through a ~unnel-~haped aperture 35 into a housing ~pace 14, the funnel-~haped aperture 35 conYerging into a con3triction which ensures that the gath~red end of the bag is maintained in th~ housing ~pace 14 in such a way that when the plier~ is clo~ed the boundRry 10 of a housing 8 embrace~ -the gather with the clip and doe~ not damage it. A movable gatherer 36~ which i~ mo~able rou~d the pivot point o~ the punch plate 6 together wi.-th the punch plate, additionall~ gather~ the end of the bag when the clip i~ guided on to the die, in order that the 30 two ~rms of the clip cam embrace the gather of -the bag without obstruction. ~ spacer 37 ensures that the end of the bag doe3 not rest upon the die, so that the ends of the clip when closed embrace the gather of the ~ag ~ld do no~ damage it, ~gain the remaining part~ o~ the pliers 9hOWn in ~igure 6 are similar to those of the pliers shQwn in ~igure~ 1 to 3 and bear the same reference numeral3.
Now turning to the closure clip of the present inven-tion,in each cfthe embodiments descrlbed abo~e, the clip 9 according to the present in~ention i~ adapted to the circular arcuate clip guide path 18, in that both arms 31 and ~2 (Figure 7) of the clip extend arcuately in the 3ame direc-tion. They lie upon circular arcs with the radii R1 and R2 and with a common centre point 7~ which is the pivot point of the punch plate 6. ~he more ~harply curved inner clip arm 32 i~ shorter than the outer arm 31, in order that the arms ~trike the die 19 simultaneously. me ends 3~ of the arms are bent inwards in order ~o facilitate the closure operat~on, while the bridge 34 is ~emi-circular, by which means the packaging gather i~ best embraced.
Figure~ 8 and 9 show the clips in the closed state, in which the clip arms have been guided past one another. ~hey have been applied to the eircumference of the gather to a greater or lesser degree depending upon the thickne~s of the gather.
Claims (5)
1. A closure clip adapted to be closed about a gathered portion of a wrapping material, wherein the clip is substantially U-shaped having a first arm and a second arm joined by an arcuate web, the first and second arms being intended to be bent towards one another to engage and close about the gathered portion of wrapping material, and wherein the first arm is curved in the direction in which the clip is intended to be closed and the second arm is curved in the same direction as the first arm, thereby being curved in the opposite direction to that in which the clip is intended to be closed.
2. A closure clip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arms lie along arcs of approximately concentric circles.
3. A closure clip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arms are unequal in length, the second arm being more sharply curved arm and shorter than the first arm.
4. A closure clip as claimed in claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the ends of the arms are bent towards one another.
5. A closure clip as claimed in claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the web connecting the arms is approximately semi-circular.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA249,094A CA1115996A (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1976-03-29 | Pliers device for closing u-shaped clip |
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP.2300993.0 | 1973-01-10 | ||
| DE2300980A DE2300980C3 (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1973-01-10 | Locking clip |
| DE19732300993 DE2300993C2 (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1973-01-10 | Tong-like device for closing packaging sleeves |
| DEP.2300980.5 | 1973-01-10 | ||
| DE19732318125 DE2318125C2 (en) | 1973-04-11 | 1973-04-11 | Tong-like device for closing packaging sleeves |
| DEP.2318125.1 | 1973-04-11 | ||
| CA249,094A CA1115996A (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1976-03-29 | Pliers device for closing u-shaped clip |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1115996A true CA1115996A (en) | 1982-01-12 |
Family
ID=27425906
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA249,094A Expired CA1115996A (en) | 1973-01-10 | 1976-03-29 | Pliers device for closing u-shaped clip |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1115996A (en) |
-
1976
- 1976-03-29 CA CA249,094A patent/CA1115996A/en not_active Expired
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|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |