CA1113327A - System for collecting solar heat - Google Patents
System for collecting solar heatInfo
- Publication number
- CA1113327A CA1113327A CA317,586A CA317586A CA1113327A CA 1113327 A CA1113327 A CA 1113327A CA 317586 A CA317586 A CA 317586A CA 1113327 A CA1113327 A CA 1113327A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- mirrors
- collector
- reflector
- reflector mirrors
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/72—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with hemispherical reflective surfaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/74—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S2023/83—Other shapes
- F24S2023/834—Other shapes trough-shaped
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S2023/87—Reflectors layout
- F24S2023/872—Assemblies of spaced reflective elements on common support, e.g. Fresnel reflectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S2030/10—Special components
- F24S2030/13—Transmissions
- F24S2030/137—Transmissions for deriving one movement from another one, e.g. for deriving elevation movement from azimuth movement
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A system for collecting solar heat, which efficiently converts the radiation energy of the sun into heat energy to heat water or to drive cooling and heating facilities. According to this system, a suitable number of cup-shaped reflector mirrors are arrayed in a honeycomb manner, heat collectors are located at a heat-collecting position in the individual reflector mirrors, and the heat energy stored in the heat collectors is utilized to heat water or to drive cooling and heating facilities.
A system for collecting solar heat, which efficiently converts the radiation energy of the sun into heat energy to heat water or to drive cooling and heating facilities. According to this system, a suitable number of cup-shaped reflector mirrors are arrayed in a honeycomb manner, heat collectors are located at a heat-collecting position in the individual reflector mirrors, and the heat energy stored in the heat collectors is utilized to heat water or to drive cooling and heating facilities.
Description
33Z~
, ..
.... ......
BACKGROUND O~ ~HE I~VEN~ION
Field of the Invention:
~ he present invention is concerned with a system for collecting the solar heat to drive the cooling and heating facilitles or to heat water utilizing the solar heat.
. escription of the Prior Art he leaping~energy prices in recent years and the prospect of~shortages of resources ln the future have spurred the research~to earnestly t;ackle with the ass~gn~ent of saving ,, energy-and~to~develop new~k~nd of energy. In the ~ield of cooling'and heating~facilities and heating water, particular attention has been given to the utilization of inexhaustible solar energy.
In spite of such circumstances, however, the develop-: .
~ment of the art for utilizing the solar energy is sluggish partly, '~
ue to insufficient investmen-t for de~eloping the technology.
.
At present, there are availab~e only a~flat plate-type heat .
' ~133~7 collector in which the area for receiving light is equal to the area for absorbing the heat, and a condenser type hea-t collector which converges the solar beam onto a heat absorb-ing member by means of a large parabolic mirror~
With the former system, however, the area for collect-ing the heat was equal to the area that loses the heat, so that the heat collecting efficiency was strikingly decreased with the rise in heat-collecting temperature. With the latter system, on the other hand, the construction tended to become very bulky requiring such an increased manu~acturing cost that was too expensive for general domestic applications. ~hus, the existing systems for utilizing the solar energy were too remote from being brought into practical uses.
SUMMARY OF ~HE INVENTION
In view of the aforementioned circumstances, the inventor of the present invention has conducted extensive research and accomplished the present invention of which the object is to provide a system for collecting solar heat, which is capable of efficiently converting the radiation energy of the sun into heat energy, which can be easily manufactured as a small-size equipment requiring reduced manufacturing cost, and which can be very easily utilized for the so-called solar houses.
The present invention is characterized in that cup-shaped reflector mirrors are arrayed in a suitable number in a honeycomb manner, heat collectors are installed at a heat collecting position in the individual reflector mirrors, and the heat energy stored in the indilvidual heat collectors are .
; , : : - : ,: - .. :, .- :.: :. :.:,: . . ,: .:, ,: : :: ~
~33;~7 utilized to heat water or to drive heating and cooling facilities.
BRIEF DESCRIP~ION OF ~HE DRAWINGS
~ he drawings show embodiments of the present invention in whlch;
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a state where the system of the presen-t invention is put into use;
~ ig. 2 is a plan view showing an embodiment according to the present invention;
~ ig. 3 is a cross-sectional view along line I-I of Fig. 2 shownon an enlarged scale;
Fig. L~ is a cross-sectional view along line II-II of Fig. 2 shown on an enlarged scale;
~ ig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which reflector mirrors are moved;
Fig. 6 is a plan view showing another embodiment according to the present invention;
~ ig. 7 is a cross-sectional view along line III-III
of Fig. 6 shown on an enlarged scale;
Fig~ 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which reflector mirrors are moved;
Fig. 9 is a plan view showing a further embodiment according to the present invention;
~ ig. 10 is a cross-sectional view along line IV-IV
of Fig. 9 shown on an enlarged scale;
Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which reflector mirrors are moved;
Fig. 12 is a diagram showing a state where the system o~ the present invention is used in other way; and L33'~7 Fig. 13 is a perspec-tive view of the reflector mirror used for the present in-vention.
DESCRIP~ION_OF ~HE PREFERRED EMBODIMEN~S
Embodiments according to the present invention are mentioned below in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
~ ig. 1 is a diagram to illustrate a state in which a system A for collecting the solar hea-t according -to the present inven-tion is installed on a roof B of a house. The system shown here is o~ the indirect heating type in which a heat exchanger D
composed of a heat-radiating coil is installed in a hot water reservoir vessel C to exchange the heat. Of course, the present invention néeds not be limited to the above indirect type but may be applied to the direct heating -type by which water is directly circulated by means of a water-feeding pipe and a hot water-feeding pipe.
Firs-t, the primary embodiment of the present invention is illustrated below with reference to Fig. 2 to Fig. 5, in which reference numeral 1 represents a small cup shaped metallic reflector mirror featuring high efficiency for collecting re-flected heat. ¢ccording to the invention, a suitable number of xeflector mirrors 1 will be arrayed depending upon the in~ta-llation area of the system and the purpose for utilizing the heat energy.
Since the reflector mirrors l are small in size as compared with the conven-tional large parabolic mirrors, they can be easily manufactured. Reference numeral 2 represents light-transmission members formed in a polygona] shape, for : . ~ . -:: -,;- .. . .
., - , ..
exampla, in a hexagonal shape. The light-transmission member 2 are so mounted as to cover each of the reflector mirrors l, whereby a number of reflector mirrors l are arrayed in a honey-comb shape as shown in ~ig. 2. The transmission member 2 are brought into con-tact with each other at their hexagonal sides. ;
Therefore, the whole system acquires an ideal shape with no waste in ,space. When the system o~ the invention is installed, for example~ on a wall of a house~ it serves as a wall member as well thereby giving decorative appearance. Further, as shown in ~ig. 13, hexagonal~ ~ portions 17 having fastening ~holes 23 ma~ be formed on the upper edge of the reflector mirrors 1, so that the hexagonal transmission members 2 are attached to the ~ portions 17. ~he transmission members 2 must have high coefficient of light transmission, great weather-ability, great strength, and resiStance against heat and flame. .
~herefore, a reinforced glass or a light-transmitting rein- -forced plastic material will be suitably used for the trans-mi.ssion members.
Reference numeral 3 designates a heat collector inserted in each~ of the reflector mirrors l in a lateral : : , direction. According to this em~odiment, a heat~collector pipe 3a lS used as a hea-t collector, and is installed at a position where the radiation energy of the sun reflected by the reflector mirrors 1 is effectively collected. ~he heat-collector pipe 3a are penetrating through each of the arrays of the reflector mirrors l, and both ends of the heat-collector pipe 3a are rotatably communlcated to headers 4, 4' via uni~ersal joints 5. ~he heat-coIlector pipes 3a contain a heat medium ::
.: ~: ~ :, .
- - :, ,: . :
i~l3327 such as an-tifree~ing solution, oil or water. Further, the heat-collector pipes 3a are made of a material having great heat conductivity, and excellent resis-tance against pressure and corrosion, such as stainless steel, synthetic resin or the like.
The headers 4, 4' are communicated to thè heat exchanger D via heat medium pipes 18, 18' as shown in Fig. l.
Reference numeral 6 represents an electromechanically operating mechanism equipped with a sundial or a timer. ~he operating mechanism 6 has an operation rod 7 connected to each of the reflector mirrors l via connection rods8, such that the individual reflectors l are so moved as to be always in agreement with the incident direction of the radiation energy from the sun. ~herefore, the radiation energy of the sun is always reflected and collected onto the heat-collector pipes 3a.
In this case, the heat-collector pipes ~a may be firmly attached to the headers 4, 4'~ and the reflector mirrors l may be so mounted as to be rotated by the operating mechanism 6 with the mounting holes 19 formed in the reflector mirrors l as centers. Or, otheI~ise$ the reflector mirrors l may be rotated together with the heat-collector pipes 3a via the universal ioints 5.
It is further allowable to provide driving mechanisms 9 in spaces at one end of the heat-collector pipes 3a, to rotate the heat-collector pipes 3a utilizing the driving force of the driving mechanisms 9, so that the reflector mirrors l fastened to the heat-collector pipes ~a are caused to rotate together with the rotation of the heat-collector pipes 3a.
In any way, the array of small reflector mirrors l needs be .
~ ~ , . , ;, . .. , :
:: . . .: :,. . : . .:.
33~7 simply rotated without at all requiring large operation mechanisms. .
Reference numeral 10 de~otes exhaust holes formed in suitable positions of the transmission members 2, The air in the reflector ~irrors l is expe~led through the exhaust holes 10 with the rise in temperature being heated by the radiation energy E o the sun. Preferably, the heat-collector pipes 3a are firmly attached to the reflector mirrors 1 in air-tight fashion.
Further, if the system A of the present invention ~.
shown in Fig. 1 is so installed that the angle o inclination can be arbitrarily changed, it is possible to set the angle of the system to correspond to the incident direction of the radiation energy of the sun that varies depending upon the seasons, so that the reflector mirrors are always in conformity with the incident direction. : .
Therefore, as shown in Fig. 4, the radiation energy E of the sun incident in parallel with the direction of vertical axis of the:refiector mirrors l is.reflected as indicated :
~:~ arrow and co~lected onto the heat-collector pipes 3a. The heat energy collected by the individual reflector mirrors 1 is accumulated to gradually raise the temperature of the heat-collector pipes, and is efficiently imparted to the heat medium in the b-at-collector pipes 3a :
: : :
` Besides, since the lndividual reflector mirrors 1 gradually rotate as shown in Fig. 5 with -the passage of time, the incident direction of the radiation energy E from the sun is always in parallel with the di.rec-tion of vertical axes of the reflector mirrors 1. Consequently~ the radiation energy E
of the sun is always reflected and collected onto the heat-collector pipes 3a.
The thus converted heat energ~ is imparted, for example, to water through a hea-t exchanger D. Hot water heated to a high temperature is then caused to rise through a hot water~eeding pipe 12 being guided by a guide member 11 having flow-in ports 20, and spouts from the upper openingO ~herefore~
water of high temperature is stored in the upper portion of the reservoir vessel C~ To use hot water, the water on the upper side having high temperature is taken out from the upper opening portion of a flexible pipe 14 having a float 13 via a hot water-supply pipe 15. That is, hot water hea-ted to a ve~y .~
high temperature gradually moves upwardly through tilted guide ~ .
member 11 due to the difference in specific gravity caused by the temperature differential, and spouts from -the upper opening of the hot water-feeding pipe 12. When the temperature of wa-ter on the upper side of the water reservoir vessel C becomes nearly equal to the temperature of water in the hot water-feeding pipe 12, the hot water in the hot water-feeding pipe 12 is drained through holes 21 located on the lower side~
Therefore, water in the water reservoir vessel C is gradually heated from the upper side toward -the lower side. Further, hot water inside the guide member 11 and water in the water reservoir , :
~1~3327 ~ ssel C are not mixed together. Therefore, the heat cf hot water inside the guide member 11 is not wasted, enabling the heat to be efficiently exchanged. Reference numeral 22 denotes a water-feeding pipe. -Further, since a number of small reflector mirrors 1 are provided, the hea-t energy collected by the individual ref- -lector mirrors 1 are accumulated making it possible to obtain the heat energy of considerab~y high temperatures which can be utilized for the cooling and heating systems. Symbol F in the drawing represents a casing of the system of the present invention. Here, it is also allowable to make the interior of the casing ~ vacuum to prevent heat losses.
A second embodiment of the present inve~tion is illustrated below with reference to Fig. 6 to Fig. 8. In this embodiment, the same members as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.
The differenoe between the first embodiment and the second embodiment resides in the construction of the heat collector 3. ~hat ls,~the heat collector 3 in the second embodiment is composed of a heat-collector pipe ~b and an absorpt1on membe~r 3c which is installed on the bottom in the vertical axial direction of the reflector mirror 1.
-The tip of the absorption member ~c is located at a position where -the heat reflected by the reflector mirror 1 will be collectedO ~urther, according to the second embodiment, the refIector mlrrors 1 are~so provided as to move toward the back and forth, and toward the right and left, via operation mechanism 6 or operation mechanism 9.
_ 9 _ -:
-' :
:
32~
Therefore, in the second embodiment, the reflector mirrors 1 can be moved toward back and forth, and right and left to reliably correspond to the incident direction of the radiation energy E from the sun that varies depending upon the time and seasons~ Gons~e~uently, the radiation energy can be efficiently converted into heat energy. Purther, the heat energy absorbed by the individual absorption members 3c are accumulated in a number o~ reflector mirrors 1 and conducted to the heat-collector pipes 3b, making it possible to obtain the heat energ~ of considerably high temperatures~ Construction o~ other portion~ and the functions of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.
A third embod~ment o~ the presènt invention is illustrated below with reference to Fig. 9 to Fig. 11. ~he refL
lector mirrors 16 accordlng to the third embodiment are formed in the shape of a trough. Heat-collector plpes 3d are provided at the positions where the heat reflected by the reflector mirrors 1~ will be collectedO Further, the ref~ector mirrors 16 are moved via an operation mechanism which is not shown~ or moved toge-ther with the heat-collector pipes 3d. As compared with the cup-shaped reflector mirrors 1, the trough-shaped reflectors 16 can be easily manu~actured, ch~aply and in large quantity~ Therefore, the system of the third embodiment pro-vides high practioa:l values where the heat energy of not so high temperatures~are to be reco~ered.
~Constructlon o~ other portions and functions of the ..
third embodiment are the same as those of the ~irst embodiment, and are not mentioned here. ~
.i !
~33~
According to the pre~ent invention as will be obvious ~rom the ~oregoing, the heat energy is accumulated by a number of small reflector mirrors, making it possible to easily ob-tain heat energy of high temperature which can be utilized not only for heating wa-ter but also for driving cooling and heating systems.
In addition, the system for collecting the heat can be manufactured in very small sizes as compared with the conven-tional large reflector mirrors, and can be installed on any places where the solar light beam is irradiated. ~or instance, the system acco~ding to the present invention can be ins-talled on a roof or wall of a house. When installed on the wall, the system of the present invention serves as A beautiful wall member, thus giving great practical valuesO
Purther~ the reflector mirrors can be easily moved that was so far practically imposslble, and can also be manufactured easily because they are small in size. Consequently, the system of the present invention can be manufactured requiring reduced manufacturing cost and in rigid construction, featuring durability against earthquakes~and strong winds~ and enabling the system itself to be sufficiently durable for extended periods of use, presenting very excellent advantage in economy.
Moreover, the system of the present invention can be easily installed not only for general houses but also in wide places such as in factories~ rthermore, the system of the invention can also be installed on a raft floated on a lake~
thus finding very extensive applicationsO
, ..
.... ......
BACKGROUND O~ ~HE I~VEN~ION
Field of the Invention:
~ he present invention is concerned with a system for collecting the solar heat to drive the cooling and heating facilitles or to heat water utilizing the solar heat.
. escription of the Prior Art he leaping~energy prices in recent years and the prospect of~shortages of resources ln the future have spurred the research~to earnestly t;ackle with the ass~gn~ent of saving ,, energy-and~to~develop new~k~nd of energy. In the ~ield of cooling'and heating~facilities and heating water, particular attention has been given to the utilization of inexhaustible solar energy.
In spite of such circumstances, however, the develop-: .
~ment of the art for utilizing the solar energy is sluggish partly, '~
ue to insufficient investmen-t for de~eloping the technology.
.
At present, there are availab~e only a~flat plate-type heat .
' ~133~7 collector in which the area for receiving light is equal to the area for absorbing the heat, and a condenser type hea-t collector which converges the solar beam onto a heat absorb-ing member by means of a large parabolic mirror~
With the former system, however, the area for collect-ing the heat was equal to the area that loses the heat, so that the heat collecting efficiency was strikingly decreased with the rise in heat-collecting temperature. With the latter system, on the other hand, the construction tended to become very bulky requiring such an increased manu~acturing cost that was too expensive for general domestic applications. ~hus, the existing systems for utilizing the solar energy were too remote from being brought into practical uses.
SUMMARY OF ~HE INVENTION
In view of the aforementioned circumstances, the inventor of the present invention has conducted extensive research and accomplished the present invention of which the object is to provide a system for collecting solar heat, which is capable of efficiently converting the radiation energy of the sun into heat energy, which can be easily manufactured as a small-size equipment requiring reduced manufacturing cost, and which can be very easily utilized for the so-called solar houses.
The present invention is characterized in that cup-shaped reflector mirrors are arrayed in a suitable number in a honeycomb manner, heat collectors are installed at a heat collecting position in the individual reflector mirrors, and the heat energy stored in the indilvidual heat collectors are .
; , : : - : ,: - .. :, .- :.: :. :.:,: . . ,: .:, ,: : :: ~
~33;~7 utilized to heat water or to drive heating and cooling facilities.
BRIEF DESCRIP~ION OF ~HE DRAWINGS
~ he drawings show embodiments of the present invention in whlch;
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a state where the system of the presen-t invention is put into use;
~ ig. 2 is a plan view showing an embodiment according to the present invention;
~ ig. 3 is a cross-sectional view along line I-I of Fig. 2 shownon an enlarged scale;
Fig. L~ is a cross-sectional view along line II-II of Fig. 2 shown on an enlarged scale;
~ ig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which reflector mirrors are moved;
Fig. 6 is a plan view showing another embodiment according to the present invention;
~ ig. 7 is a cross-sectional view along line III-III
of Fig. 6 shown on an enlarged scale;
Fig~ 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which reflector mirrors are moved;
Fig. 9 is a plan view showing a further embodiment according to the present invention;
~ ig. 10 is a cross-sectional view along line IV-IV
of Fig. 9 shown on an enlarged scale;
Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which reflector mirrors are moved;
Fig. 12 is a diagram showing a state where the system o~ the present invention is used in other way; and L33'~7 Fig. 13 is a perspec-tive view of the reflector mirror used for the present in-vention.
DESCRIP~ION_OF ~HE PREFERRED EMBODIMEN~S
Embodiments according to the present invention are mentioned below in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
~ ig. 1 is a diagram to illustrate a state in which a system A for collecting the solar hea-t according -to the present inven-tion is installed on a roof B of a house. The system shown here is o~ the indirect heating type in which a heat exchanger D
composed of a heat-radiating coil is installed in a hot water reservoir vessel C to exchange the heat. Of course, the present invention néeds not be limited to the above indirect type but may be applied to the direct heating -type by which water is directly circulated by means of a water-feeding pipe and a hot water-feeding pipe.
Firs-t, the primary embodiment of the present invention is illustrated below with reference to Fig. 2 to Fig. 5, in which reference numeral 1 represents a small cup shaped metallic reflector mirror featuring high efficiency for collecting re-flected heat. ¢ccording to the invention, a suitable number of xeflector mirrors 1 will be arrayed depending upon the in~ta-llation area of the system and the purpose for utilizing the heat energy.
Since the reflector mirrors l are small in size as compared with the conven-tional large parabolic mirrors, they can be easily manufactured. Reference numeral 2 represents light-transmission members formed in a polygona] shape, for : . ~ . -:: -,;- .. . .
., - , ..
exampla, in a hexagonal shape. The light-transmission member 2 are so mounted as to cover each of the reflector mirrors l, whereby a number of reflector mirrors l are arrayed in a honey-comb shape as shown in ~ig. 2. The transmission member 2 are brought into con-tact with each other at their hexagonal sides. ;
Therefore, the whole system acquires an ideal shape with no waste in ,space. When the system o~ the invention is installed, for example~ on a wall of a house~ it serves as a wall member as well thereby giving decorative appearance. Further, as shown in ~ig. 13, hexagonal~ ~ portions 17 having fastening ~holes 23 ma~ be formed on the upper edge of the reflector mirrors 1, so that the hexagonal transmission members 2 are attached to the ~ portions 17. ~he transmission members 2 must have high coefficient of light transmission, great weather-ability, great strength, and resiStance against heat and flame. .
~herefore, a reinforced glass or a light-transmitting rein- -forced plastic material will be suitably used for the trans-mi.ssion members.
Reference numeral 3 designates a heat collector inserted in each~ of the reflector mirrors l in a lateral : : , direction. According to this em~odiment, a heat~collector pipe 3a lS used as a hea-t collector, and is installed at a position where the radiation energy of the sun reflected by the reflector mirrors 1 is effectively collected. ~he heat-collector pipe 3a are penetrating through each of the arrays of the reflector mirrors l, and both ends of the heat-collector pipe 3a are rotatably communlcated to headers 4, 4' via uni~ersal joints 5. ~he heat-coIlector pipes 3a contain a heat medium ::
.: ~: ~ :, .
- - :, ,: . :
i~l3327 such as an-tifree~ing solution, oil or water. Further, the heat-collector pipes 3a are made of a material having great heat conductivity, and excellent resis-tance against pressure and corrosion, such as stainless steel, synthetic resin or the like.
The headers 4, 4' are communicated to thè heat exchanger D via heat medium pipes 18, 18' as shown in Fig. l.
Reference numeral 6 represents an electromechanically operating mechanism equipped with a sundial or a timer. ~he operating mechanism 6 has an operation rod 7 connected to each of the reflector mirrors l via connection rods8, such that the individual reflectors l are so moved as to be always in agreement with the incident direction of the radiation energy from the sun. ~herefore, the radiation energy of the sun is always reflected and collected onto the heat-collector pipes 3a.
In this case, the heat-collector pipes ~a may be firmly attached to the headers 4, 4'~ and the reflector mirrors l may be so mounted as to be rotated by the operating mechanism 6 with the mounting holes 19 formed in the reflector mirrors l as centers. Or, otheI~ise$ the reflector mirrors l may be rotated together with the heat-collector pipes 3a via the universal ioints 5.
It is further allowable to provide driving mechanisms 9 in spaces at one end of the heat-collector pipes 3a, to rotate the heat-collector pipes 3a utilizing the driving force of the driving mechanisms 9, so that the reflector mirrors l fastened to the heat-collector pipes ~a are caused to rotate together with the rotation of the heat-collector pipes 3a.
In any way, the array of small reflector mirrors l needs be .
~ ~ , . , ;, . .. , :
:: . . .: :,. . : . .:.
33~7 simply rotated without at all requiring large operation mechanisms. .
Reference numeral 10 de~otes exhaust holes formed in suitable positions of the transmission members 2, The air in the reflector ~irrors l is expe~led through the exhaust holes 10 with the rise in temperature being heated by the radiation energy E o the sun. Preferably, the heat-collector pipes 3a are firmly attached to the reflector mirrors 1 in air-tight fashion.
Further, if the system A of the present invention ~.
shown in Fig. 1 is so installed that the angle o inclination can be arbitrarily changed, it is possible to set the angle of the system to correspond to the incident direction of the radiation energy of the sun that varies depending upon the seasons, so that the reflector mirrors are always in conformity with the incident direction. : .
Therefore, as shown in Fig. 4, the radiation energy E of the sun incident in parallel with the direction of vertical axis of the:refiector mirrors l is.reflected as indicated :
~:~ arrow and co~lected onto the heat-collector pipes 3a. The heat energy collected by the individual reflector mirrors 1 is accumulated to gradually raise the temperature of the heat-collector pipes, and is efficiently imparted to the heat medium in the b-at-collector pipes 3a :
: : :
` Besides, since the lndividual reflector mirrors 1 gradually rotate as shown in Fig. 5 with -the passage of time, the incident direction of the radiation energy E from the sun is always in parallel with the di.rec-tion of vertical axes of the reflector mirrors 1. Consequently~ the radiation energy E
of the sun is always reflected and collected onto the heat-collector pipes 3a.
The thus converted heat energ~ is imparted, for example, to water through a hea-t exchanger D. Hot water heated to a high temperature is then caused to rise through a hot water~eeding pipe 12 being guided by a guide member 11 having flow-in ports 20, and spouts from the upper openingO ~herefore~
water of high temperature is stored in the upper portion of the reservoir vessel C~ To use hot water, the water on the upper side having high temperature is taken out from the upper opening portion of a flexible pipe 14 having a float 13 via a hot water-supply pipe 15. That is, hot water hea-ted to a ve~y .~
high temperature gradually moves upwardly through tilted guide ~ .
member 11 due to the difference in specific gravity caused by the temperature differential, and spouts from -the upper opening of the hot water-feeding pipe 12. When the temperature of wa-ter on the upper side of the water reservoir vessel C becomes nearly equal to the temperature of water in the hot water-feeding pipe 12, the hot water in the hot water-feeding pipe 12 is drained through holes 21 located on the lower side~
Therefore, water in the water reservoir vessel C is gradually heated from the upper side toward -the lower side. Further, hot water inside the guide member 11 and water in the water reservoir , :
~1~3327 ~ ssel C are not mixed together. Therefore, the heat cf hot water inside the guide member 11 is not wasted, enabling the heat to be efficiently exchanged. Reference numeral 22 denotes a water-feeding pipe. -Further, since a number of small reflector mirrors 1 are provided, the hea-t energy collected by the individual ref- -lector mirrors 1 are accumulated making it possible to obtain the heat energy of considerab~y high temperatures which can be utilized for the cooling and heating systems. Symbol F in the drawing represents a casing of the system of the present invention. Here, it is also allowable to make the interior of the casing ~ vacuum to prevent heat losses.
A second embodiment of the present inve~tion is illustrated below with reference to Fig. 6 to Fig. 8. In this embodiment, the same members as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.
The differenoe between the first embodiment and the second embodiment resides in the construction of the heat collector 3. ~hat ls,~the heat collector 3 in the second embodiment is composed of a heat-collector pipe ~b and an absorpt1on membe~r 3c which is installed on the bottom in the vertical axial direction of the reflector mirror 1.
-The tip of the absorption member ~c is located at a position where -the heat reflected by the reflector mirror 1 will be collectedO ~urther, according to the second embodiment, the refIector mlrrors 1 are~so provided as to move toward the back and forth, and toward the right and left, via operation mechanism 6 or operation mechanism 9.
_ 9 _ -:
-' :
:
32~
Therefore, in the second embodiment, the reflector mirrors 1 can be moved toward back and forth, and right and left to reliably correspond to the incident direction of the radiation energy E from the sun that varies depending upon the time and seasons~ Gons~e~uently, the radiation energy can be efficiently converted into heat energy. Purther, the heat energy absorbed by the individual absorption members 3c are accumulated in a number o~ reflector mirrors 1 and conducted to the heat-collector pipes 3b, making it possible to obtain the heat energ~ of considerably high temperatures~ Construction o~ other portion~ and the functions of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.
A third embod~ment o~ the presènt invention is illustrated below with reference to Fig. 9 to Fig. 11. ~he refL
lector mirrors 16 accordlng to the third embodiment are formed in the shape of a trough. Heat-collector plpes 3d are provided at the positions where the heat reflected by the reflector mirrors 1~ will be collectedO Further, the ref~ector mirrors 16 are moved via an operation mechanism which is not shown~ or moved toge-ther with the heat-collector pipes 3d. As compared with the cup-shaped reflector mirrors 1, the trough-shaped reflectors 16 can be easily manu~actured, ch~aply and in large quantity~ Therefore, the system of the third embodiment pro-vides high practioa:l values where the heat energy of not so high temperatures~are to be reco~ered.
~Constructlon o~ other portions and functions of the ..
third embodiment are the same as those of the ~irst embodiment, and are not mentioned here. ~
.i !
~33~
According to the pre~ent invention as will be obvious ~rom the ~oregoing, the heat energy is accumulated by a number of small reflector mirrors, making it possible to easily ob-tain heat energy of high temperature which can be utilized not only for heating wa-ter but also for driving cooling and heating systems.
In addition, the system for collecting the heat can be manufactured in very small sizes as compared with the conven-tional large reflector mirrors, and can be installed on any places where the solar light beam is irradiated. ~or instance, the system acco~ding to the present invention can be ins-talled on a roof or wall of a house. When installed on the wall, the system of the present invention serves as A beautiful wall member, thus giving great practical valuesO
Purther~ the reflector mirrors can be easily moved that was so far practically imposslble, and can also be manufactured easily because they are small in size. Consequently, the system of the present invention can be manufactured requiring reduced manufacturing cost and in rigid construction, featuring durability against earthquakes~and strong winds~ and enabling the system itself to be sufficiently durable for extended periods of use, presenting very excellent advantage in economy.
Moreover, the system of the present invention can be easily installed not only for general houses but also in wide places such as in factories~ rthermore, the system of the invention can also be installed on a raft floated on a lake~
thus finding very extensive applicationsO
Claims (9)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. Apparatus for collecting solar heat comprising an array of cup-shaped reflector mirrors arranged in a honeycomb manner, a heat collector installed in each of said mirrors at a position where the heat radiation reflected from the mirror may be collected, and means automatically to pivot the mirrors in unison to maintain over a period of time a desired orienta-tion with respect to the sun.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a hexa-gonal light-transmission member is so mounted as to cover the upper portion of each of said reflector mirrors.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a hexa-gonal flange portion is formed on the upper edge of each of said reflector mirrors, and said hexagonal light-transmission member is mounted on said flange portion.
4. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each said heat collector comprises a heat-collector pipe inserted in mounting holes of the associated reflector mirrors at a position where the radiation of heat will be reflected and collected.
5. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each said heat collector comprises an absorption member installed on the bottom of the associated reflector mirror, and wherein a heat-collector pipe is connected to said absorption members.
6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein both ends of each heat-collector pipe are rotatably connected to headers via universal joints, so that a heat medium contained therein is allowed to circulate.
7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein said heat-collector pipes are firmly fastened to headers, and wherein the reflector mirrors only are allowed to turn and are formed with mounting holes through which said pipes extend.
8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6, further comprising a heat exchanger connected by heat medium pipes to said headers which communicate with said heat-collector pipes.
9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means automatically to pivot the mirrors comprises an operating rod connected to an electromechanically operating mechanism having a sundial, said operating rod being connected to each of the reflector mirrors via connecting rods so that each of the re-flector mirrors will move in response to changes in the incident direction of radiation energy from the sun.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP148856/77 | 1977-12-13 | ||
| JP14885677A JPS5482746A (en) | 1977-12-13 | 1977-12-13 | Solar heat collector |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1113327A true CA1113327A (en) | 1981-12-01 |
Family
ID=15462261
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA317,586A Expired CA1113327A (en) | 1977-12-13 | 1978-12-07 | System for collecting solar heat |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5482746A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1113327A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2853603A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES475925A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2412038B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2011064B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3107888A1 (en) * | 1981-03-02 | 1982-09-16 | Imchemie Kunststoff Gmbh, 5632 Wermelskirchen | SOLAR CONCENTRATOR |
| YU41992B (en) * | 1981-11-02 | 1988-04-30 | Karl Fokter | Device for an energetically optimal filling andlor amptying of thernal accumulators |
| JPH0422504Y2 (en) * | 1986-01-20 | 1992-05-22 | ||
| CN100465546C (en) * | 2006-04-30 | 2009-03-04 | 张纪文 | Solar panel apparatus with light and heat gathering function |
| CN100541046C (en) * | 2006-04-30 | 2009-09-16 | 张纪文 | The solar facilities device of a kind of optically focused and heat build-up |
| CN100507397C (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2009-07-01 | 胡东卫 | Solar light-gathering tile of tracking sunlight and effective reducing radiation cooling |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE231294C (en) * | 1900-01-01 | |||
| US1014972A (en) * | 1911-06-28 | 1912-01-16 | Thomas F Nichols | Solar heater. |
| US1575309A (en) * | 1924-09-15 | 1926-03-02 | William A Anderson | Solar heating element |
| US2467885A (en) * | 1944-11-17 | 1949-04-19 | Walter J Kelly | Solar heater for heating liquids |
| AT213604B (en) * | 1958-01-07 | 1961-02-27 | Auguste Ing Dellac | Device for generating hot water by storing solar energy |
| US3390672A (en) * | 1966-07-12 | 1968-07-02 | Melpar Inc | Solar heating device |
| US3982527A (en) * | 1974-01-02 | 1976-09-28 | Cheng Chen Yen | Method and apparatus for concentrating, harvesting and storing of solar energy |
| US4030477A (en) * | 1974-11-20 | 1977-06-21 | Smith Philip D | Solar collector with conical elements |
| FR2305695A1 (en) * | 1975-03-26 | 1976-10-22 | Bennavail Francis | Solar energy water heater - has heat exchanger vessel connected by small pipe to tank increasing inlet speed |
| CH597573A5 (en) * | 1975-09-11 | 1978-04-14 | Harald Liebi | |
| US4000734A (en) * | 1975-11-06 | 1977-01-04 | Matlock William C | Solar energy converter |
| US4048983A (en) * | 1976-05-03 | 1977-09-20 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Solar energy collector apparatus |
-
1977
- 1977-12-13 JP JP14885677A patent/JPS5482746A/en active Granted
-
1978
- 1978-12-07 CA CA317,586A patent/CA1113327A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-12-08 GB GB7847829A patent/GB2011064B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-12-12 FR FR7834936A patent/FR2412038B1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-12-12 ES ES475925A patent/ES475925A1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-12-12 DE DE19782853603 patent/DE2853603A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2412038A1 (en) | 1979-07-13 |
| FR2412038B1 (en) | 1985-10-31 |
| JPS5482746A (en) | 1979-07-02 |
| DE2853603A1 (en) | 1979-06-21 |
| JPS5654542B2 (en) | 1981-12-26 |
| ES475925A1 (en) | 1979-11-01 |
| GB2011064A (en) | 1979-07-04 |
| GB2011064B (en) | 1982-10-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |