CA1112947A - Smoke stop for doors - Google Patents
Smoke stop for doorsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1112947A CA1112947A CA325,822A CA325822A CA1112947A CA 1112947 A CA1112947 A CA 1112947A CA 325822 A CA325822 A CA 325822A CA 1112947 A CA1112947 A CA 1112947A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- door
- slot
- frame member
- door frame
- intumescent material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A smoke stop between a door and door frame member is disclosed. The smoke stop consists of a metal door frame member having a door stop with a slot extending along substantially the entire length of the door frame member; an intumescent material within the slot; a fin assembly including a backing element and one or more fins, the fin assembly being made of material having retarded decomposability at the kindling temperature of the door, the fin assembly sealing the intumescent material within the slot. The fins are movable to a line of contact with the door, whereby when the door is closed and the door frame member is subjected to flames, the intumescent material expands causing one or more of the fins to enter into contact engagement with the door along an edge thereof so as to provide a smoke stop between the door and the door frame member.
Additionally disclosed, is a method of making a door frame member assembly with a door stop having a slot running its entire length which, when subjected to flames, acts in conjunction with a door to provide a smoke barrier.
A smoke stop between a door and door frame member is disclosed. The smoke stop consists of a metal door frame member having a door stop with a slot extending along substantially the entire length of the door frame member; an intumescent material within the slot; a fin assembly including a backing element and one or more fins, the fin assembly being made of material having retarded decomposability at the kindling temperature of the door, the fin assembly sealing the intumescent material within the slot. The fins are movable to a line of contact with the door, whereby when the door is closed and the door frame member is subjected to flames, the intumescent material expands causing one or more of the fins to enter into contact engagement with the door along an edge thereof so as to provide a smoke stop between the door and the door frame member.
Additionally disclosed, is a method of making a door frame member assembly with a door stop having a slot running its entire length which, when subjected to flames, acts in conjunction with a door to provide a smoke barrier.
Description
~3L3L~3~L';' This is a divislon of Canadian Application Serial No.
253,713 filed May 31, 1976.
; BACKGOUND OF TIIE :tNVENTION
Field of the Invention This invention relates to a smoke stop for~doors.
Description of the Prior Art It has long been a desire of the construction industry to provide a smoke stop between a closed door and the frame , supporting the door. This smoke stop provides numerous advantages.
If the smoke stop is effective as a smoke stop, it prevents smoke from passing through the door passage when a fire exists on one side of the door. This feature is extremely important from a health and safety standpoint. An additional advantage of a smoke stop is that it prevents passage of air into the room containing ~- a flame thereby slowing the rate of spread of the flame.
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~ la~ly ~ o~ )t s h~ve beoll mad~ to prc~)arc a smokc stop 5'or ~loors. Th~ rl rr;~, such attclnpts made use of sea]ing materlals bctween trhc fr.lrrle and the door. Thcsc materials, ul~on closinG of ~ e door, were collll)rc-ssed bctween the door and frame thcr~l)y rorlnl,lg a seal therebcl,ween. The ~ls~dvalltage Or t~liS type of collstm~ctioll is ~hat at al] times the resilient matel~ial m~lst con~act the closed door, and t,he opening and closing of the door is t~lertby irn~eded. Additionally, wear on the door is caused by the consequent relative frLctional movement upon openlng and closing the door. If the edge o~
the door is a decorative surface, i.e., a highly rinished pa~nted or varnished section, then the constant contactirlg with the resilient material upon oper;ing and closing of the door debases this higllly decora~ive surface making it unsightly when the door remairls open.
The use of i.ntumescent materials to seal the space between a door and a frame is not novel. Many attempts have been made to utilize intumescent materials, i.e., rnaterials that expand upon appllcation Or heat, to overcome the problems associated with the usage of the resillent facings and yet to provide an effective seal between the frame and the door upon contact thereof with a flame. Thsse prior attempts, however, h~ve all fallen short Or the intended goal for one or more reasons. The baslc fallure of the systerns has been due to the fact that most of the systems use an exposed intumescent material which upon sufricient heating melts and runs down the door thereby relinquishing its sealing proper-ties.
Other systems provide sealing with a combustible material which soons burns away and provides only a temporary solution before again presenting the problem of the material melting and destroying the seal. Still other systems have utilized s]ots wlthin the rrame with the slots containing an exposed Intumetpcrlt mQterial whi~h upon he~tint exponds nd extrudet o~l~ o~ t~ t~ (? b ~' ~ W~ ( rl ~ ? ~lo()r ,1r1(l t~
ran~(~. Thi.; :y;~.~m, however, rrli 15 f'oc the ~ame reasons me~,~lr,ued f1bo~(~, n~mcly, t.h.lt ~hc matcr1.al soor1111e].ts and ti)e seal beco~ s -1noperat;1ve.
Prior i::;uld pLIlests (le111f~r13~ 1 t~-nSt t~1e a~Jove-dlsc1lssed :;y~tems h~ve the shrrtcomings explall1e1 witi1 relati(n thereto.
In Ur~i1ed State l'atcn~ 3,7//1,3L15, a grood exan1p~e of the resi].i.ent C~;ntrlCt 1n-type dtsi.f,1. i9 'ShOWrl. 'I'hi S constant cont~ t and rubl)i1,g wi.th the door, ht,~cver, ten(ls to d~face the door clnd thereby rm1kes thi 9 type ol` sysi(sn undesi.rnblt-.
Norwegian Pater1t ~R 6fi,400 .~s an early example of an intume;cerlt sil1l1lly laid 1lp(~n the door rrame itselr for expansion upon heatir1b. Th1s sys~em, ~1owever, has t~e conse~1uer1t shortco1rlings Or tho mate~ic,i me]1lr1g an(l t~len not providi11g an adtqua1e seal betwee11 the door and t:he rrame. r~ikewise~ Bri.tlsh Pat;el(t 896,l4~) provides a similar systen1 with an intumescent material on the race of the frarne; however, one embodin1ent ;~ of this patel1t dol-s provide an adr:titional supE~oIt for the . intumescent material w1.ich prever1ts expansion in or,e direct;ion.
rhi.s system, however, ctoes have the shortcoming of the in~:ume:cent materlal.'s being able to quickly melt and run out of the sealir1g ~r a thereby cclusing a fai].ure of the smoke stop system. British Patent ~9fi,150, provides sti.ll anoth..r system of pla~ing an i.ntumesc~nt.11,aterlal within slot ln the fra1ne, but this system mer-?ly directs the channelin of the lntumescent material in a dlrrerent direction and does not overcome the hereinabove discur;3ed associated ; proble11(s. Norwegi:1n Paten1; .~R lO4,072, is a system almost identlcal to the ]as~ mentioned British Patent but enclo;ing the intumescent materi.al in a rapidly decomposable tube whlch soon b(lrns away thus leading to the same problems discussed in re1ation to the above-me11tioned desiens.
Unlted States Patent 2,9lO,739, makes use of intun1escerit ,':, *~
matcr:lals llac~d Ln a sLot in thc door, but, at best, tlle improve-mcnt thercln ifi one in ~i~lch would encloses a portlon of the intumcsccllt material caus:Lng the obvlous problem of the wood's rapidly burnlng away thereby exposing the intrumescent material to flame which readi]y dest:roys lt and the seal provided thereby.
Danish Patent 93,373, provides for an enclosed material, but the intumescent material can only expand througll slots in the frame, and after extr~ding through thc slots, the material again creates the problems discussed llereinbefore. United States Patent 3,566,541, makes good use of a combination of the prior art systems providing for one exposed strip of intumescent material which has the problems discussed hereinbefore, but which also provides for an enclosed intumescent material sealed within a resilient contacting sealer. This design not only causes permanent contact and frictional wear on the door due to the continuous contact upon closing of the door, but as well, has the problems associated with a rapidly decomposable container for the intumescent material which, upon burning, provides the same problems discussed herein-before. Likewise, Danish Patent NR 92,422, provides an intumescent-material completely enclosed by a combustible material which upon the flame contacting the combustible material creates the same problems discussed hereinbefore. Finally, United States Patent 3,426,491, makes good use of a sandwich-type system for sandwich-ing the intumescent material between metal and wood, but again, this system fails to prevent ready escape of the intumescent material creating the consequent failure of the seal upon heating.
In the design of this invention, the metal frame has a slot running the length thereof with an intumescent material con-tained within the slot by one or more fins made of a material dap/
' havillg rcLarded dccompos.lbillt~ at the kindllng temperature of the door.
Upon eY.pans-ion of the intumescent material, upon application of heat, the fLns are pressed lnto contact with the door.
SUMMARY OF T~l~ INV~NTION
It is an object Or this inventlon to provide a smoke stop for doors.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a smoke stop for doors which will not fail at the kindling temperature of a wood door.
It is an additional object of this invention to provide a combination door and frame which provides for a smoke stop therebetween upon heating of the door and the frame due to flame exposure.
It is an additional object of this invention to provide an assembled wall with a door and frame therein having a smoke stop provided in the door frame for sealing the space between the door and the frame when the wall is exposed to flames.
It is a further objec. of this invention to provide a method for making a door frame which upon exposure to flames provides a smoke stop between the frame and a door closed therein.
The objects of this invention according to the parent application are-accomplished by a smoke stop for doors comprising:
a metal frame member with a slot therein extending along sub-stantially the entire length of the frame member; a continuous tube disposed within the slot, the continuous tube retarded ; decomposability at the kindling temperature of the door and the continuous tube having one or more fins running the entire length ~ 5 _ d a p ~
thereof and projecting outward; and an intumescent material completely enc]osed within ~he cont.inuous tube, whereby when the door is closed and the ~rame member is subjected to flames, the intumescent material expands causing one or more of the fins on the tube to enter into enqagement with the door along an edge thereo~ thereby providing a smoke stop between the door and the frame member.
The objects of this invention, according to the parent application, are also accomplished by a method of making a door frame which when subjected to flames acts in conjunction with a door to provide a smoke barrier, the method comprising: preparing a door frame member with a slotted door stop extending along substantially the entire length thereof; and inserting within the slot a continuous tube containing an intumescent material, the continuous tube having retarded decomposability at the kindling temperature of the door, and the continuous tube having one or more fins running the length thereof and projecting outward.
According to the present invention the above objects are met by providing, in a door and door frame assembly the : 20 improvement comprising: a metal door frame member having a door stop with a slot extending along substantially the entire length of the door frame member; an intumescent material within the slot; a fin assembly including a backing element and one or more fins projecting therefrom, the fin assembly being made of material having retarded decomposability at the kindling tempera-ture of the door, the fin assembly sealing the intumescent material within the slot and the fins being movable to a line Of contact with the door, whereby when the door is closed and the door frame member is subjected to flames the intumescent material expands causing one or more of the fins to enter into contact sd/~t~ -6-- -' ;
cn~Jagemerlt ~Jith l~le door along an edc3e thereof thereby providing a smoke stop betw~en thc ~oor and the frame member.
Additionally the ~bove objects are met by a method of making a door frame assembly with a door s-top having a slot running its entire len~Jth which when subjected to flames acts in conjunction with a door to provide a smoke barrier, the method comprising: preparing a door stop of a door frame member with a slot running the entire length thereof; inserting an intumescent material within the sloti and sealing the intumescent material within the slot with a fin assembly including a backing element and one or more fins projecting therefrom, the fin assembly extending along substantially the entire length of the slot, the ; fin assembly having retarded decomposability of the kindling temperature of the door.
- Furthermore the present invention is seen to encompass ~ a method for providing a smoke barrier in an opening in a wall, ?; the method comprising: preparing a door stop of a door frame member with a slot running the entire length thereof; inserting ~; an intumescent material within the slot; sealing the intumescent } 20 material within the slot with a fin assembly including a backing element and one or more fins projecting therefrom, the fin assembly extending along substantially the entire length of the slot;
~- inserting the door frame member within the opening; and attaching a door to the door frame member the fin assembly having retarded i decomposability at the kindling temperature of the door, whereby when the door is closed and subjected to flames, the intumescent material forces the fins outward into contact engagement with the ~- door thereby providing a smoke barrier for the opening.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
This invention may be more fully described, but is not ' sd/~
limited by the attached drawings wherein;
FIG. 1 is a top cross-sectional view of the smoke stop of this invention as attached to a wall and door;
FIG. 2 is a top cross-sectional view of another embodi-ment of the smoke stop of this invention; and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the smoke stop of this invention;
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The preferred embodiments of this invention are more fully described by the attached drawings. Referring to FIGS. 1-3, a door frame 11 is shown having a door stop 12 extending outward therefrom to stop movement of the door 13 at the desired location.
The door frame has a slot 14 therein which, in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 3, contains a tube 15, of material which is non-combustible at the kindling temperature of the remaining portions of the system. The tube 15 has fins 17 integrally formed thereon and also contains an intumescent material 18 which expands upon exposure to heat and thus forces the fins 17 into contact with the door 13.
For the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 intumescent material 18 resides within slot 14 of door frame 11 and is held therein by a covering fin assembly 16 having a backing element and one or more fins projecting therefrom. The fins engage the sides of slot 14 to seal the intumescent material within the slot. By engagement of the fins with the sides of slot 14 a tube-like compartment for the intumescent material is provided. The fin assembly 16 is made ,- of non-combustible material and as with the~ embodiment of FIGS. 1 l~A sdg~ -8-.
and 3, thc intumescent malcrial expands upon exposure to heat and causeS the rins -to be ~orced outwardly into contact with door : 13 to provide a seal bctween the door 13 and the frame 11.
The intumescent material may be that used in any of the previously described systems as well as such material as is described in United States Patents 2,912,393; 2,632,743 and 3,365,322 and includes additionally such materials as aluminum chloride added to incompletely condensed phenol-formaldehyde condensate5; ammonium salts, along with dextrin or urea, with a riller, ' ~ ;
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sd/9~ -8a-., , . ~
amrnoni.um i~ ") te, sugar, gum arablc~ and f'urthcr lncludlng other addl.tives wel].l~no~rl to thc intnlmescent art such as watcr, g]asC~ rlb--r, al.kali met;al r,i~i.cate and the many other syr,tems known as lntulnescent rnaterlal, and other such systems whlch have the property Or belng re~cll].y expand~ble upon heat to the exterlt th~lt they f~orce outward t~le flns on the tube so tha~ they wi.ll contact the door to provide a smoke stop betwcen the door and rrarne. In other word3, any Or the wel] known lntllmescellt rnaterlal are acceptable provldi.ng 10 that llpOII app] i cation of the heat range uf normal flame temperatures withi.n a room, they readi.ly expand to force the fi.ns outward in contact wlth ~he door. It has been found to be particu].ar].y acceptable to use various plastic materials which have cntralned or entrapped therein small particles ol' water and which UpOIl heat expand forcing ~he plastic i.tse].f to expand and force outward the fi.ns to the extent necessary to contact the door. Any material of reduced or retarded decomposabili.ty may be used for the continuous tube. It ls preferable that such materlal be somewhat deformable or resllicnt in order to accommodate the design requlrements Or . the system.
Although, any wall system ls acceptable ror use ln thls invention, the preferred embodirrlents lnclude a particularly desirable type Or system whereirl the the door frame engages wall panels 19 and 20 which are additlonally secured by stud 21.~ . :
- In the embodl.ment shown ln Figures 1-3, the expanslon . Or the intumescent materlal caused by heating of the frame forces the rins outward ln contact with the door providing . 30 a seal between the door and the frame. Since the lntumescent material is completely enclosed wlthin the slot, its expansion merely forces the fins against the door but does not allow g ..
' the intumescent material to escape thereby destroying the seal. Even if cxtrcme heat cauv;es cxtlelrle pressurc withln the intu:llescent materlal, tll( expansion wlll stl]l provlde a smol;e stop by forcin~ non-combllstlble materLa] into the seal whlch would remai.n ln splte of a leakage of the intumescent ltsel r.
It may be seen that this new and n~vel inventl(,ll prov:ldes a new and un1.que system whlch has heretofore been unknown. The syst;em readily and inexpensivel.y overconles al].
. 10 Or the deficiencies Or pri~r systems and provites an eff'ective smoke stop betweell a door and a rrame upon exposure Or the door and the lrame to the heat Or a rlame. This new and nove] design provldes heretofore unknown sarety features an-l slgni.ricanl:ly advances constructi.on systems which provide for smoke stops between doors and door frames.
'~ Having fu]ly descrlbed thls new and uni~ue lnvent-ion, the rollowinæ is c~aimed:
': .
,, ,
253,713 filed May 31, 1976.
; BACKGOUND OF TIIE :tNVENTION
Field of the Invention This invention relates to a smoke stop for~doors.
Description of the Prior Art It has long been a desire of the construction industry to provide a smoke stop between a closed door and the frame , supporting the door. This smoke stop provides numerous advantages.
If the smoke stop is effective as a smoke stop, it prevents smoke from passing through the door passage when a fire exists on one side of the door. This feature is extremely important from a health and safety standpoint. An additional advantage of a smoke stop is that it prevents passage of air into the room containing ~- a flame thereby slowing the rate of spread of the flame.
.
~`~ " .
. .
., . .: , . .':, :
6~
;
, ' ~s dap/~
' ~' ,. .
~ la~ly ~ o~ )t s h~ve beoll mad~ to prc~)arc a smokc stop 5'or ~loors. Th~ rl rr;~, such attclnpts made use of sea]ing materlals bctween trhc fr.lrrle and the door. Thcsc materials, ul~on closinG of ~ e door, were collll)rc-ssed bctween the door and frame thcr~l)y rorlnl,lg a seal therebcl,ween. The ~ls~dvalltage Or t~liS type of collstm~ctioll is ~hat at al] times the resilient matel~ial m~lst con~act the closed door, and t,he opening and closing of the door is t~lertby irn~eded. Additionally, wear on the door is caused by the consequent relative frLctional movement upon openlng and closing the door. If the edge o~
the door is a decorative surface, i.e., a highly rinished pa~nted or varnished section, then the constant contactirlg with the resilient material upon oper;ing and closing of the door debases this higllly decora~ive surface making it unsightly when the door remairls open.
The use of i.ntumescent materials to seal the space between a door and a frame is not novel. Many attempts have been made to utilize intumescent materials, i.e., rnaterials that expand upon appllcation Or heat, to overcome the problems associated with the usage of the resillent facings and yet to provide an effective seal between the frame and the door upon contact thereof with a flame. Thsse prior attempts, however, h~ve all fallen short Or the intended goal for one or more reasons. The baslc fallure of the systerns has been due to the fact that most of the systems use an exposed intumescent material which upon sufricient heating melts and runs down the door thereby relinquishing its sealing proper-ties.
Other systems provide sealing with a combustible material which soons burns away and provides only a temporary solution before again presenting the problem of the material melting and destroying the seal. Still other systems have utilized s]ots wlthin the rrame with the slots containing an exposed Intumetpcrlt mQterial whi~h upon he~tint exponds nd extrudet o~l~ o~ t~ t~ (? b ~' ~ W~ ( rl ~ ? ~lo()r ,1r1(l t~
ran~(~. Thi.; :y;~.~m, however, rrli 15 f'oc the ~ame reasons me~,~lr,ued f1bo~(~, n~mcly, t.h.lt ~hc matcr1.al soor1111e].ts and ti)e seal beco~ s -1noperat;1ve.
Prior i::;uld pLIlests (le111f~r13~ 1 t~-nSt t~1e a~Jove-dlsc1lssed :;y~tems h~ve the shrrtcomings explall1e1 witi1 relati(n thereto.
In Ur~i1ed State l'atcn~ 3,7//1,3L15, a grood exan1p~e of the resi].i.ent C~;ntrlCt 1n-type dtsi.f,1. i9 'ShOWrl. 'I'hi S constant cont~ t and rubl)i1,g wi.th the door, ht,~cver, ten(ls to d~face the door clnd thereby rm1kes thi 9 type ol` sysi(sn undesi.rnblt-.
Norwegian Pater1t ~R 6fi,400 .~s an early example of an intume;cerlt sil1l1lly laid 1lp(~n the door rrame itselr for expansion upon heatir1b. Th1s sys~em, ~1owever, has t~e conse~1uer1t shortco1rlings Or tho mate~ic,i me]1lr1g an(l t~len not providi11g an adtqua1e seal betwee11 the door and t:he rrame. r~ikewise~ Bri.tlsh Pat;el(t 896,l4~) provides a similar systen1 with an intumescent material on the race of the frarne; however, one embodin1ent ;~ of this patel1t dol-s provide an adr:titional supE~oIt for the . intumescent material w1.ich prever1ts expansion in or,e direct;ion.
rhi.s system, however, ctoes have the shortcoming of the in~:ume:cent materlal.'s being able to quickly melt and run out of the sealir1g ~r a thereby cclusing a fai].ure of the smoke stop system. British Patent ~9fi,150, provides sti.ll anoth..r system of pla~ing an i.ntumesc~nt.11,aterlal within slot ln the fra1ne, but this system mer-?ly directs the channelin of the lntumescent material in a dlrrerent direction and does not overcome the hereinabove discur;3ed associated ; proble11(s. Norwegi:1n Paten1; .~R lO4,072, is a system almost identlcal to the ]as~ mentioned British Patent but enclo;ing the intumescent materi.al in a rapidly decomposable tube whlch soon b(lrns away thus leading to the same problems discussed in re1ation to the above-me11tioned desiens.
Unlted States Patent 2,9lO,739, makes use of intun1escerit ,':, *~
matcr:lals llac~d Ln a sLot in thc door, but, at best, tlle improve-mcnt thercln ifi one in ~i~lch would encloses a portlon of the intumcsccllt material caus:Lng the obvlous problem of the wood's rapidly burnlng away thereby exposing the intrumescent material to flame which readi]y dest:roys lt and the seal provided thereby.
Danish Patent 93,373, provides for an enclosed material, but the intumescent material can only expand througll slots in the frame, and after extr~ding through thc slots, the material again creates the problems discussed llereinbefore. United States Patent 3,566,541, makes good use of a combination of the prior art systems providing for one exposed strip of intumescent material which has the problems discussed hereinbefore, but which also provides for an enclosed intumescent material sealed within a resilient contacting sealer. This design not only causes permanent contact and frictional wear on the door due to the continuous contact upon closing of the door, but as well, has the problems associated with a rapidly decomposable container for the intumescent material which, upon burning, provides the same problems discussed herein-before. Likewise, Danish Patent NR 92,422, provides an intumescent-material completely enclosed by a combustible material which upon the flame contacting the combustible material creates the same problems discussed hereinbefore. Finally, United States Patent 3,426,491, makes good use of a sandwich-type system for sandwich-ing the intumescent material between metal and wood, but again, this system fails to prevent ready escape of the intumescent material creating the consequent failure of the seal upon heating.
In the design of this invention, the metal frame has a slot running the length thereof with an intumescent material con-tained within the slot by one or more fins made of a material dap/
' havillg rcLarded dccompos.lbillt~ at the kindllng temperature of the door.
Upon eY.pans-ion of the intumescent material, upon application of heat, the fLns are pressed lnto contact with the door.
SUMMARY OF T~l~ INV~NTION
It is an object Or this inventlon to provide a smoke stop for doors.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a smoke stop for doors which will not fail at the kindling temperature of a wood door.
It is an additional object of this invention to provide a combination door and frame which provides for a smoke stop therebetween upon heating of the door and the frame due to flame exposure.
It is an additional object of this invention to provide an assembled wall with a door and frame therein having a smoke stop provided in the door frame for sealing the space between the door and the frame when the wall is exposed to flames.
It is a further objec. of this invention to provide a method for making a door frame which upon exposure to flames provides a smoke stop between the frame and a door closed therein.
The objects of this invention according to the parent application are-accomplished by a smoke stop for doors comprising:
a metal frame member with a slot therein extending along sub-stantially the entire length of the frame member; a continuous tube disposed within the slot, the continuous tube retarded ; decomposability at the kindling temperature of the door and the continuous tube having one or more fins running the entire length ~ 5 _ d a p ~
thereof and projecting outward; and an intumescent material completely enc]osed within ~he cont.inuous tube, whereby when the door is closed and the ~rame member is subjected to flames, the intumescent material expands causing one or more of the fins on the tube to enter into enqagement with the door along an edge thereo~ thereby providing a smoke stop between the door and the frame member.
The objects of this invention, according to the parent application, are also accomplished by a method of making a door frame which when subjected to flames acts in conjunction with a door to provide a smoke barrier, the method comprising: preparing a door frame member with a slotted door stop extending along substantially the entire length thereof; and inserting within the slot a continuous tube containing an intumescent material, the continuous tube having retarded decomposability at the kindling temperature of the door, and the continuous tube having one or more fins running the length thereof and projecting outward.
According to the present invention the above objects are met by providing, in a door and door frame assembly the : 20 improvement comprising: a metal door frame member having a door stop with a slot extending along substantially the entire length of the door frame member; an intumescent material within the slot; a fin assembly including a backing element and one or more fins projecting therefrom, the fin assembly being made of material having retarded decomposability at the kindling tempera-ture of the door, the fin assembly sealing the intumescent material within the slot and the fins being movable to a line Of contact with the door, whereby when the door is closed and the door frame member is subjected to flames the intumescent material expands causing one or more of the fins to enter into contact sd/~t~ -6-- -' ;
cn~Jagemerlt ~Jith l~le door along an edc3e thereof thereby providing a smoke stop betw~en thc ~oor and the frame member.
Additionally the ~bove objects are met by a method of making a door frame assembly with a door s-top having a slot running its entire len~Jth which when subjected to flames acts in conjunction with a door to provide a smoke barrier, the method comprising: preparing a door stop of a door frame member with a slot running the entire length thereof; inserting an intumescent material within the sloti and sealing the intumescent material within the slot with a fin assembly including a backing element and one or more fins projecting therefrom, the fin assembly extending along substantially the entire length of the slot, the ; fin assembly having retarded decomposability of the kindling temperature of the door.
- Furthermore the present invention is seen to encompass ~ a method for providing a smoke barrier in an opening in a wall, ?; the method comprising: preparing a door stop of a door frame member with a slot running the entire length thereof; inserting ~; an intumescent material within the slot; sealing the intumescent } 20 material within the slot with a fin assembly including a backing element and one or more fins projecting therefrom, the fin assembly extending along substantially the entire length of the slot;
~- inserting the door frame member within the opening; and attaching a door to the door frame member the fin assembly having retarded i decomposability at the kindling temperature of the door, whereby when the door is closed and subjected to flames, the intumescent material forces the fins outward into contact engagement with the ~- door thereby providing a smoke barrier for the opening.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
This invention may be more fully described, but is not ' sd/~
limited by the attached drawings wherein;
FIG. 1 is a top cross-sectional view of the smoke stop of this invention as attached to a wall and door;
FIG. 2 is a top cross-sectional view of another embodi-ment of the smoke stop of this invention; and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the smoke stop of this invention;
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The preferred embodiments of this invention are more fully described by the attached drawings. Referring to FIGS. 1-3, a door frame 11 is shown having a door stop 12 extending outward therefrom to stop movement of the door 13 at the desired location.
The door frame has a slot 14 therein which, in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 3, contains a tube 15, of material which is non-combustible at the kindling temperature of the remaining portions of the system. The tube 15 has fins 17 integrally formed thereon and also contains an intumescent material 18 which expands upon exposure to heat and thus forces the fins 17 into contact with the door 13.
For the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 intumescent material 18 resides within slot 14 of door frame 11 and is held therein by a covering fin assembly 16 having a backing element and one or more fins projecting therefrom. The fins engage the sides of slot 14 to seal the intumescent material within the slot. By engagement of the fins with the sides of slot 14 a tube-like compartment for the intumescent material is provided. The fin assembly 16 is made ,- of non-combustible material and as with the~ embodiment of FIGS. 1 l~A sdg~ -8-.
and 3, thc intumescent malcrial expands upon exposure to heat and causeS the rins -to be ~orced outwardly into contact with door : 13 to provide a seal bctween the door 13 and the frame 11.
The intumescent material may be that used in any of the previously described systems as well as such material as is described in United States Patents 2,912,393; 2,632,743 and 3,365,322 and includes additionally such materials as aluminum chloride added to incompletely condensed phenol-formaldehyde condensate5; ammonium salts, along with dextrin or urea, with a riller, ' ~ ;
~ .
~,~
., .
.
.~ , .
;
sd/9~ -8a-., , . ~
amrnoni.um i~ ") te, sugar, gum arablc~ and f'urthcr lncludlng other addl.tives wel].l~no~rl to thc intnlmescent art such as watcr, g]asC~ rlb--r, al.kali met;al r,i~i.cate and the many other syr,tems known as lntulnescent rnaterlal, and other such systems whlch have the property Or belng re~cll].y expand~ble upon heat to the exterlt th~lt they f~orce outward t~le flns on the tube so tha~ they wi.ll contact the door to provide a smoke stop betwcen the door and rrarne. In other word3, any Or the wel] known lntllmescellt rnaterlal are acceptable provldi.ng 10 that llpOII app] i cation of the heat range uf normal flame temperatures withi.n a room, they readi.ly expand to force the fi.ns outward in contact wlth ~he door. It has been found to be particu].ar].y acceptable to use various plastic materials which have cntralned or entrapped therein small particles ol' water and which UpOIl heat expand forcing ~he plastic i.tse].f to expand and force outward the fi.ns to the extent necessary to contact the door. Any material of reduced or retarded decomposabili.ty may be used for the continuous tube. It ls preferable that such materlal be somewhat deformable or resllicnt in order to accommodate the design requlrements Or . the system.
Although, any wall system ls acceptable ror use ln thls invention, the preferred embodirrlents lnclude a particularly desirable type Or system whereirl the the door frame engages wall panels 19 and 20 which are additlonally secured by stud 21.~ . :
- In the embodl.ment shown ln Figures 1-3, the expanslon . Or the intumescent materlal caused by heating of the frame forces the rins outward ln contact with the door providing . 30 a seal between the door and the frame. Since the lntumescent material is completely enclosed wlthin the slot, its expansion merely forces the fins against the door but does not allow g ..
' the intumescent material to escape thereby destroying the seal. Even if cxtrcme heat cauv;es cxtlelrle pressurc withln the intu:llescent materlal, tll( expansion wlll stl]l provlde a smol;e stop by forcin~ non-combllstlble materLa] into the seal whlch would remai.n ln splte of a leakage of the intumescent ltsel r.
It may be seen that this new and n~vel inventl(,ll prov:ldes a new and un1.que system whlch has heretofore been unknown. The syst;em readily and inexpensivel.y overconles al].
. 10 Or the deficiencies Or pri~r systems and provites an eff'ective smoke stop betweell a door and a rrame upon exposure Or the door and the lrame to the heat Or a rlame. This new and nove] design provldes heretofore unknown sarety features an-l slgni.ricanl:ly advances constructi.on systems which provide for smoke stops between doors and door frames.
'~ Having fu]ly descrlbed thls new and uni~ue lnvent-ion, the rollowinæ is c~aimed:
': .
,, ,
Claims (3)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In a door and door frame assembly the improvement comprising: a metal door frame member having a door stop with a slot extending along substantially the entire length of the door frame member; and intumescent material within the slot; a fin assembly including a backing element and one or more fins projecting therefrom, said fin assembly being made of material having retarded decomposability at the kindling temperature of the door, said fin assembly sealing the intumescent material within the slot and said fins being movable to a line of contact with the door, whereby when the door is closed and the door frame member is subjected to flames the intumescent material expands causing one or more of the fins to enter into contact engagement with the door along an edge thereof thereby providing a smoke stop between the door and the door frame member.
2. A method of making a door frame member assembly with a door stop having a slot running its entire length which when subjected to flames acts in conjunction with a door to provide a smoke barrier, said method comprising: preparing a door stop of a door frame member with a slot running the entire length thereof inserting an intumescent material within the slot; and sealing the intumescent material within the slot with a fin assembly including a backing element and one or more fins projecting therefrom, said fin assembly extending along substantially the entire length of the slot, said fin assembly having retarded decomposability at the kindling temperature of the door.
3. A method for providing a smoke barrier in an opening in a wall, said method comprising: preparing a door stop of a door frame member with a slot running the entire length thereof;
inserting an intumescent material within the slot; sealing the intumescent material within said slot with a fin assembly including a backing element and one or more fins projecting therefrom, said fin assembly extending along substantially the entire length of the slot; inserting the door frame member within the opening; and attaching a door to the door frame member; said fin assembly having retarded decomposability at the kindling temperature of the door, whereby when the door is closed and subjected to flames, the intumescent material forces the fins outward into contact engagement with the door thereby providing a smoke barrier for the opening.
inserting an intumescent material within the slot; sealing the intumescent material within said slot with a fin assembly including a backing element and one or more fins projecting therefrom, said fin assembly extending along substantially the entire length of the slot; inserting the door frame member within the opening; and attaching a door to the door frame member; said fin assembly having retarded decomposability at the kindling temperature of the door, whereby when the door is closed and subjected to flames, the intumescent material forces the fins outward into contact engagement with the door thereby providing a smoke barrier for the opening.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA325,822A CA1112947A (en) | 1975-06-25 | 1979-04-19 | Smoke stop for doors |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/590,365 US3955330A (en) | 1975-06-25 | 1975-06-25 | Smoke stop for doors |
| US590,365 | 1975-06-25 | ||
| CA253,713A CA1069766A (en) | 1975-06-25 | 1976-05-31 | Smoke stop for doors |
| CA325,822A CA1112947A (en) | 1975-06-25 | 1979-04-19 | Smoke stop for doors |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1112947A true CA1112947A (en) | 1981-11-24 |
Family
ID=27164496
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA325,822A Expired CA1112947A (en) | 1975-06-25 | 1979-04-19 | Smoke stop for doors |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1112947A (en) |
-
1979
- 1979-04-19 CA CA325,822A patent/CA1112947A/en not_active Expired
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |