CA1111838A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents
Heat exchangerInfo
- Publication number
- CA1111838A CA1111838A CA331,556A CA331556A CA1111838A CA 1111838 A CA1111838 A CA 1111838A CA 331556 A CA331556 A CA 331556A CA 1111838 A CA1111838 A CA 1111838A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- shaped
- inverted
- heat exchanger
- interspaces
- recooled
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
- F28B1/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D2001/0253—Particular components
- F28D2001/026—Cores
- F28D2001/0266—Particular core assemblies, e.g. having different orientations or having different geometric features
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Heat exchangers with heat exchanger elements having a rectangular or square cross section, of the air/tube dry cooling type, characterized in that heat exchanger elements are inclined to horizontal at an angle between 15°
and 45° and in that interspaces formed as a result are of V-shaped or inverted V-shaped cross section and serve to accommodate pipes carrying fluid to be recooled or to handle and deliver fluid to be recooled directly, said V- or inverted V-shaped interspaces in the latter case are lined.
Heat exchangers with heat exchanger elements having a rectangular or square cross section, of the air/tube dry cooling type, characterized in that heat exchanger elements are inclined to horizontal at an angle between 15°
and 45° and in that interspaces formed as a result are of V-shaped or inverted V-shaped cross section and serve to accommodate pipes carrying fluid to be recooled or to handle and deliver fluid to be recooled directly, said V- or inverted V-shaped interspaces in the latter case are lined.
Description
This invention relates to a heat exchanger with heat exchanger elements having a rectangular or square cross section, typically air/tube dry cool ing el ements.
It is known to arrange such heat exchanger elements horizontally or slightly inclined to horizontal. With such an arrangement, the supply, distri-bution and discharge pipes for the fluid to be recooled, such as water or steam, reduce the effective face area of the element exposed to the air flow. The utilization factor (A= effective face area of the element; D = tower diameter at level of element) in the case of a cooling tower with a circular diameter in known cooling towers has therefore been not more than 0. 85.
The invention has for its object to provide such an arrangement of heat exchanger elements and a pipework for the fluid to be recooled which results in a maximum utilization factor.
According to the invention, this objective is achieved by having the heat exchanger elements inclined to horizontal by an angle between 15 and 45 and in that the interspaces formed as a result which are of V or inverted V
cross section serve to accommodate the pipework carrying the fluid to be re-cooled or to handle and deliver the fluid to be recooled directly, the V or inverted V-shaped interspaces in the latter case being lined. Thanks to the features according to the invention, it is possible with the indirect method of cooling to achieve a utilization factor 4 of 0. 95 and more which means that -with a given cooling tower diameter - a higher transfer performance is obtained or - with a given heat transfer performance - a cooling tower of a smaller dia-meter can be adopted. Where the direct method of cooling is adopted, i. e.
where turbine exhaust steam i directly passed into the heat exchanger elements, i5 is possible with an appropriately large angle of inclination to accommodate even the steam pipe or duct in the V-shaped interspace without reducing the face area whereby a more pronounced increase of the utilization factor is obtainable compared to the indirect method of cooling.
If the V- or inverted V-shaped interspaces are exclusively used for delivering the fluid to be recooled then, in accordance with a further feature of the invention, lining of the V or inverted V-shaped passages is by convex shaped or U-shaped or inverted U-shaped hoods. These features make it possible to increase the cross section heightwise for the flow passages which may be necessary especially in the case of the direct cooling method.
A principal object is to provide heat exchangers with heat exchanger elements having a rectangular or square cross section, of the air/tube dry cooling type, characterized in that heat exchanger elements are inclined to horizontal at an angle between 15 and 45 and in that interspaces formed as a result are of V-shaped or inverted V-shaped cross section and serve to accommo-date pipes carrying fluid to be recooled or to handle and delivery fluid to be recooled directly, said V- or inverted V-shaped interspaces in the latter case are lined.
Two typical embodiments of the invention are shown schematically in the drawing in which:
Figure 1 shows a part of the heat exchanger elements as an end view; and Figure 2 i5 a variant shown in perspective.
The heat exchanger elements 1 are formed with a rectangular cross section, seen in the plane perpendicular to the pupes 7 and 8 or ducts and may, for instance, be designed in the manner of the known plate-type heat exchangers or as "air/tube dry cooling elements~. The term "air/tube dry cooling element~
is defined as denoting an element which has top and bottom surfaces, side sur-faces and tubes extending transversely to the top and bottom surfaces, such tubes having cooling air or cooling gas flowing through their inside and the fluid to be recooled contacting their outside.
The heat exchanger elements 1 - seen in cross section - are rela-tively deeply inclined to the horizontal 2 by the angle ~ . Each group of two heat exchanger elements form inverted V-shaped configurations 3a, 3b. The angle o~ is between 15 and 45 . As a resulf of the inclined arrar,gement of the heat exchanger elements V-shaped (4a) or inverted V-shaped ~4b3 interspaces are obtained which are bounded by the side walls 5 of the heat exchanger ele-ments. The cooling air 6 flows through the elements in the known mannes~ on a cross-flow pattern.
In the case of the typical embodiment shown in Figure 1, the fluid to be recooled (e. 9. water or steam~ is supplied to the heat exchanger elemer,ts by pipes 7. These pipes 7 are arranged in the V-shaped interspaces 4a. The recooled fluid leaving the heat exchanger elements (cooling water or condensate) l~I1838 is discharged via pipes 8. The pipes 8 are arranged in the inverted V-shaped interspace 4b.
In the typical embodiment shown in Figure 2, the V-shaped or Inverted V-shaped interspaces are lined and the passages bounded by the linings 9 and the side walls 5 are directly used as flow passages for the fluid to be recooled (e. 9. coolant or steam). The linings may be flat plates or sheets which connect the corresponding edges of each group of two adjacent heat exchanger elements.
If higher passages are required, which may be necessary specially in the case of the direct cooling method where the exhaust steam flows directly through the heat exchanger elements, then the linings may, for instance, be convex-shaped hoods, U-shaped hoods or inverted U-shaped hoods which are not shown specifically.
It is known to arrange such heat exchanger elements horizontally or slightly inclined to horizontal. With such an arrangement, the supply, distri-bution and discharge pipes for the fluid to be recooled, such as water or steam, reduce the effective face area of the element exposed to the air flow. The utilization factor (A= effective face area of the element; D = tower diameter at level of element) in the case of a cooling tower with a circular diameter in known cooling towers has therefore been not more than 0. 85.
The invention has for its object to provide such an arrangement of heat exchanger elements and a pipework for the fluid to be recooled which results in a maximum utilization factor.
According to the invention, this objective is achieved by having the heat exchanger elements inclined to horizontal by an angle between 15 and 45 and in that the interspaces formed as a result which are of V or inverted V
cross section serve to accommodate the pipework carrying the fluid to be re-cooled or to handle and deliver the fluid to be recooled directly, the V or inverted V-shaped interspaces in the latter case being lined. Thanks to the features according to the invention, it is possible with the indirect method of cooling to achieve a utilization factor 4 of 0. 95 and more which means that -with a given cooling tower diameter - a higher transfer performance is obtained or - with a given heat transfer performance - a cooling tower of a smaller dia-meter can be adopted. Where the direct method of cooling is adopted, i. e.
where turbine exhaust steam i directly passed into the heat exchanger elements, i5 is possible with an appropriately large angle of inclination to accommodate even the steam pipe or duct in the V-shaped interspace without reducing the face area whereby a more pronounced increase of the utilization factor is obtainable compared to the indirect method of cooling.
If the V- or inverted V-shaped interspaces are exclusively used for delivering the fluid to be recooled then, in accordance with a further feature of the invention, lining of the V or inverted V-shaped passages is by convex shaped or U-shaped or inverted U-shaped hoods. These features make it possible to increase the cross section heightwise for the flow passages which may be necessary especially in the case of the direct cooling method.
A principal object is to provide heat exchangers with heat exchanger elements having a rectangular or square cross section, of the air/tube dry cooling type, characterized in that heat exchanger elements are inclined to horizontal at an angle between 15 and 45 and in that interspaces formed as a result are of V-shaped or inverted V-shaped cross section and serve to accommo-date pipes carrying fluid to be recooled or to handle and delivery fluid to be recooled directly, said V- or inverted V-shaped interspaces in the latter case are lined.
Two typical embodiments of the invention are shown schematically in the drawing in which:
Figure 1 shows a part of the heat exchanger elements as an end view; and Figure 2 i5 a variant shown in perspective.
The heat exchanger elements 1 are formed with a rectangular cross section, seen in the plane perpendicular to the pupes 7 and 8 or ducts and may, for instance, be designed in the manner of the known plate-type heat exchangers or as "air/tube dry cooling elements~. The term "air/tube dry cooling element~
is defined as denoting an element which has top and bottom surfaces, side sur-faces and tubes extending transversely to the top and bottom surfaces, such tubes having cooling air or cooling gas flowing through their inside and the fluid to be recooled contacting their outside.
The heat exchanger elements 1 - seen in cross section - are rela-tively deeply inclined to the horizontal 2 by the angle ~ . Each group of two heat exchanger elements form inverted V-shaped configurations 3a, 3b. The angle o~ is between 15 and 45 . As a resulf of the inclined arrar,gement of the heat exchanger elements V-shaped (4a) or inverted V-shaped ~4b3 interspaces are obtained which are bounded by the side walls 5 of the heat exchanger ele-ments. The cooling air 6 flows through the elements in the known mannes~ on a cross-flow pattern.
In the case of the typical embodiment shown in Figure 1, the fluid to be recooled (e. 9. water or steam~ is supplied to the heat exchanger elemer,ts by pipes 7. These pipes 7 are arranged in the V-shaped interspaces 4a. The recooled fluid leaving the heat exchanger elements (cooling water or condensate) l~I1838 is discharged via pipes 8. The pipes 8 are arranged in the inverted V-shaped interspace 4b.
In the typical embodiment shown in Figure 2, the V-shaped or Inverted V-shaped interspaces are lined and the passages bounded by the linings 9 and the side walls 5 are directly used as flow passages for the fluid to be recooled (e. 9. coolant or steam). The linings may be flat plates or sheets which connect the corresponding edges of each group of two adjacent heat exchanger elements.
If higher passages are required, which may be necessary specially in the case of the direct cooling method where the exhaust steam flows directly through the heat exchanger elements, then the linings may, for instance, be convex-shaped hoods, U-shaped hoods or inverted U-shaped hoods which are not shown specifically.
Claims (2)
1. Heat exchangers with heat exchanger elements having a rectangular or square cross section, of the air/tube dry cooling type, characterized in that heat exchanger elements are inclined to horizontal at an angle between 15° and 45° and in that interspaces formed as a result are of V-shaped or inverted V-shaped cross section and serve to accommodate pipes carrying fluid to be re-cooled or to handle and deliver fluid to be recooled directly, said V- or inverted V-shaped interspaces in the latter case are lined.
2. Heat exchangers as in claim 1, in which the V-shaped or inverted V-shaped interspaces serve exclusively for the direct handling of the fluid to be recooled, characterized in that the linings of the V-shaped or inverted V-shaped passages are by convex shaped hoods or hoods with a U-shaped or inverted U-shaped cross section.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19782832570 DE2832570A1 (en) | 1978-07-25 | 1978-07-25 | HEAT EXCHANGER |
| DEP2832570.4 | 1978-07-25 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1111838A true CA1111838A (en) | 1981-11-03 |
Family
ID=6045319
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA331,556A Expired CA1111838A (en) | 1978-07-25 | 1979-07-10 | Heat exchanger |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU4917879A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1111838A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2832570A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES244725Y (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2432150A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA793781B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3404376A1 (en) * | 1984-02-08 | 1985-08-14 | M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8500 Nürnberg | HEAT EXCHANGE ELEMENTS OF THE "AIR TUBE TYPE" |
| DE4441503C2 (en) * | 1994-11-22 | 2000-01-05 | Behr Gmbh & Co | Heat exchangers, in particular for motor vehicles |
-
1978
- 1978-07-25 DE DE19782832570 patent/DE2832570A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1979
- 1979-07-10 CA CA331,556A patent/CA1111838A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-07-10 FR FR7917814A patent/FR2432150A1/en active Granted
- 1979-07-24 ES ES1979244725U patent/ES244725Y/en not_active Expired
- 1979-07-24 AU AU49178/79A patent/AU4917879A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1979-07-24 ZA ZA00793781A patent/ZA793781B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA793781B (en) | 1980-08-27 |
| AU4917879A (en) | 1980-01-31 |
| FR2432150A1 (en) | 1980-02-22 |
| DE2832570A1 (en) | 1980-02-07 |
| FR2432150B3 (en) | 1981-05-08 |
| ES244725Y (en) | 1980-04-16 |
| ES244725U (en) | 1979-11-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |