CA1110409A - Liquid systems - Google Patents
Liquid systemsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1110409A CA1110409A CA283,472A CA283472A CA1110409A CA 1110409 A CA1110409 A CA 1110409A CA 283472 A CA283472 A CA 283472A CA 1110409 A CA1110409 A CA 1110409A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- formulation according
- liquid formulation
- dispersed phase
- perceivable
- phase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0084—Antioxidants; Free-radical scavengers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0071—Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dehydrating agents; Dispersing agents; Dustfree compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/50—Perfumes
- C11D3/502—Protected perfumes
- C11D3/505—Protected perfumes encapsulated or adsorbed on a carrier, e.g. zeolite or clay
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
- D06L4/60—Optical bleaching or brightening
- D06L4/664—Preparations of optical brighteners; Optical brighteners in aerosol form; Physical treatment of optical brighteners
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/46—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/445—Use of auxiliary substances before, during or after dyeing or printing
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract Liquid formulations for use in treating fabrics deposit a material providing a perceivable effect, The effect producing material is a component, in admixture with an organic matrix material and a cationic material, of a dispersed phase in an aqueous medium. The cationic material causes deposition of the dispersed phase onto a fabric allowing the effect producing material to act on the fabric surface. Optionally a fabric conditioning material is present in the aqueous phase.
Description
9 cCo795 This inven-tion rela-tes -to liquid ~ormula-tions capable o-f depositing a ma-terial giving a sensorialy perceivable e~ect on-to ~abric sur~aces. The ~orm-ulation may be used in diluted eorm and e~amples o~ the ~abric surfaces ai^e co-tton, polyacrylic, polyamide and polyes-ter fibres, ~ool and ~lax.
The sensorialy perceivable ma-terial to be deposited would be selec-ted to provide a desired e e eect on the sur~ace and examples of this material are ~luorescers, ~rhitening agen~s, I J J J
lD per~umes, pigmen-ts, dyes, bactericides, -te~tile condi-tioning agents, for e~ample eabric so~-tening agents, an-ti-o~idants and antistatic agen~ts.
The in~ention proposes liquid ~ormulations -~or -~abric ~trea-tment comprising ~ erO~Il about 0.5~ by wc:i.ght to about ~n~o~ by ~ei~ht O:e ~I:L':lrst disp~rscll phase consi~ti.rlg O:e particLes, beiIl~ a mixtllre Oe a) erom about 25% to abou-t 99% 0 e substantially ~a-ter insoluble organic matrix ma~terial;
b) erom about ~. 5% -to about 25/~ of cationic ma-tèrial and c) erom a~bou-t 0.5% -to abou-t 30% Oe sensorialy perceivable material .dispersed. in li) erom about 50~0 -to about 99.5/0 o:~ an a~lueo-lls phase.
OptlonalIy -the ~ormulation contains ~rom about 0. 5/0 -to abou-t 30~0 O:e a second dispersed phase comprising a ~abric condi-tioning material.
Pre-eerably the eabric condi-tioning material is a ~abric soetener.
The -term sensorialy perceivable material is used to de-eine a ma-terial l~hich, lihen deposited on a ~abric sur~ace is de-tec-table directly or in~lirec-tly by a human sense. Thus a
The sensorialy perceivable ma-terial to be deposited would be selec-ted to provide a desired e e eect on the sur~ace and examples of this material are ~luorescers, ~rhitening agen~s, I J J J
lD per~umes, pigmen-ts, dyes, bactericides, -te~tile condi-tioning agents, for e~ample eabric so~-tening agents, an-ti-o~idants and antistatic agen~ts.
The in~ention proposes liquid ~ormulations -~or -~abric ~trea-tment comprising ~ erO~Il about 0.5~ by wc:i.ght to about ~n~o~ by ~ei~ht O:e ~I:L':lrst disp~rscll phase consi~ti.rlg O:e particLes, beiIl~ a mixtllre Oe a) erom about 25% to abou-t 99% 0 e substantially ~a-ter insoluble organic matrix ma~terial;
b) erom about ~. 5% -to about 25/~ of cationic ma-tèrial and c) erom a~bou-t 0.5% -to abou-t 30% Oe sensorialy perceivable material .dispersed. in li) erom about 50~0 -to about 99.5/0 o:~ an a~lueo-lls phase.
OptlonalIy -the ~ormulation contains ~rom about 0. 5/0 -to abou-t 30~0 O:e a second dispersed phase comprising a ~abric condi-tioning material.
Pre-eerably the eabric condi-tioning material is a ~abric soetener.
The -term sensorialy perceivable material is used to de-eine a ma-terial l~hich, lihen deposited on a ~abric sur~ace is de-tec-table directly or in~lirec-tly by a human sense. Thus a
- 2 _ /-. .
'~- '~.', ' , . .
4~9 cc .795 perfLmle~ a prefelred material for cleposition, is an ocliferous co~posi-tion de-tec-ted by the olfactory sense, a fabric softener material is perceivable by -the sense of touch (-tac-tile) and ~luorescers are perceivable by -the visual sense~ Ma-terials capable of changing the sur~ace o:~ fabric so as -to al~ter -the sound made during movement are also inclLuded. Some sensorialy perceivable ma-terials act direc-tly on a hl~an sense, for exa~ple a perfume, while some ~aterials will be percei~ecl indirectly by their action on another subs-tance. An e~ample is a baetericide whieh ean be deteetecd by a reduction in the odour o~ fabrics due -to baeterieidal ae-tion on miero-organisms.
These miero-organisms will eollect on the fabrics durir~g ¦ use. Another sensorialy perceivable material providing a reduetion in odour is an ant-l ox:i.darlt.
l6 An e:e:eeet on the sureace lr:L:ll, with some :Eormlllatioris, he aohLeved b~ tho cleposlt:i.oll ol' the o:rganie matr:ix nl~terla:l.
That is to say the organie matrix may pro~ide a clesirable e-f~ee-t additional -to tha-t obtained from the sensorialy pereeivable ma-terial.
~or example, ~rith te~tiles, deposi-tion of long ehain fa-t-ty aleohols,whieh are usable as -the organie ~at:rix ma-terial, prov:Lde a detee-table e eeect ln respeet Oe -textile hanclling.
:[t is neeessary to ensure a mirli~ m proportion O:e solubLe eationie mater:i.ll in ionic eorm is ln the aqueolls phase, beeause sueh free eationie ma-terial in -the liquid phase ~rill preferen-tially ~adsorb , or at least adsorb in compe-tition with the par-tieles of the firs-t dispersed phase. This preference or _ 3 - /
......... ... .... .... .
.' ': '' ,, ~ c~.795 eompetition could lead to an ille~icien-t deposition o:E the dispersed phase on -the surface.
One eause o~ ineffieient deposition is charge reversal of -the naturally negatively charged surface7 which can oceur if su~eieien-t posi-tively ehargecd ions are absorbed -thereon -to be numerieally grea-ter -than the inherent nega-tive charge of -the surface. This reversal oeeurs with syn-the-tie polymer sureaees, eor example -tex-tiles o e polyaerylies, polyes-ters and polyamides.
These are hydrophobie. On these l~a-terials the ne~a-tive ehar~es are not as abundarlt as they are on hyclrc)phiLlc mn~terials, :l'or e~c~ ple cotton~ t-3re the E)()siti~eLy char~rQd lollY are ~ler:lvetl :CYOm oatlorlic In.llior:lcl:ls cl:lr~cl()sed heLo:lrl, the aLkyl chairl 0n -these moleeules ean absorb onto synthetic polymer sur:eaees and be bound by hydrophobie interaetion. Thus, -the binding o~
these eationie materials does no-t depend solely upon a eharge in-terae-tion be-t~een -the positive een-tre oc -the eationie and a nega-tive si-te on -the subs-trate. This ehar~e reversa:l eifee-t was clemons-tratecl by measllYin~ ~.e-ta po-tentials by a strearning pot~rltilL teeh~liquo on aerylie arl~l COttOII te~tiLe salllpLes. 't'hese samples 1~ere ilumersed in soLIltiorls o:~ sodiulu ehLor:ide (5~10 l molar) at a p~ o~ 6. On addi-tion of eetyl -trime-thyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) a-t a s-trength of 10 ~ molar -the ze-ta poten-tial ior the aerylie sample reversed in sign whereas -that o~ the eo~tton sample did no-t.
The par-tiele size o~ -the ~irs-t dispersed phase ~ill usually be in -the range ~rom abo-~l-t O.L -to abou-t 20 micron, more usually abo-ll-t - 1.0 -to abou-t 20 micron.
-- 'I -- /- -~ .. . . ... . . . .
~ 9 cC.79s The ca-tionic ma-terial in the first dispersed phase o~ tha-t phase is pre~erably presen-t in an amoun-t o~ ~rom abou~t 2% to abou-t 10%~
The i3irs-t dispersed phase may be present in an amoun-t up to abou-t 107'; -this range will preeerably be used lrhen the ma-trix material also provides a sensorialy appreciable ee~ect. ~en the formulation contains a second dispersed phase, -the iirs-t dispersed phase will be preeerably present in an amoun-t up -to about 2%.
r~he components and parame-ters ~cor -the deposition ~ormulation T~ill no~ be considered in turn.
Or anic Matrix Ma-terials g _ _ I-t is necessary i'or -the ma-tri~ material to have a solubility at 25C in the liquid phase Oe no-t more ~than 200 par-ts per million, preeerably no-t more than 50 parts per million. E~amples O:e the mcltrix Inater:ials a~re primary or sccorlclary ~tty aLcohols O:e thc i'ormll~a ~ O~L, e.g.
stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, cety:L alcohol arlcl~-tallo1r alcohol, hydrocarbons o~ the eormula R CE3, e.g. oc-tadecane, eicosane, docosane and -te-tracosene, aldehydes and ke-tones oi' the ~orrnula R CO R , e.g. methyl stearyl ketone and stearyladehyde, iatty acicls o~ the cormula R COOH, e.~.
-tallow ia-t-ty acid, coconut -eat-ty acid, oleic aci~l~ stearic ~LCid ~nd behenic ac.Lcl, and esters Oe sllch acids ~:ith -the l'ormu:La T~ CO ORL or T~ CO OR , e.~,. e-th~l ~a:llllitate arld stcn:ryL
stearate. In -these i'orrnulae R c~d R-L are saturated or -unsa-turated alkyl or alkylaryl groups and may be straight or branchecl chainO
~he number o~ carbon atoms ~Yill be ~rom ~ -to 22, precerably 14 to 22. R2 is hydrogen or an alkyl group l~-ith 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
., .`' - 5 ~
. ...
, !
~ cC.795 Other examples o~ classes o~ matrix ma-terials whic~
can be used are ia-t-ty acid amides liith the Lor~lula R CON R3R~
wherein R3 arld R4 are each hydrogen, alh~l groups ~ th 1 -to 4 carbon atoms, -CEI2CH20H7 -(CH2)30~ or -CEI(CH3~ClI20~, e.g.
tallow diethanolamide and coconut monoethanolamide. Amines with -the eormula RN ~3R40i R RlNR3, e.g. stearyl diethanolamine and ditallol~me-thylamine, ethers with the cormula RO Rl or RO R2, e.g. s~tearyl ethyl ether and epoxides ~rith -the formula ~0~
R - C~2 - C~I2 e.g. stearyl epoxide. The alkylene ogide aclducts o:E ea-t-ty alcohol~, eatty acids Ind :L'atty am:Lcles are also usab:Le as the Inaliri.x ~natoY:iclls. 'L`ho41~ a~ ct~ haYo t~e respectLve :L'ornlllLllo ~(a~I Il" alt20)l~0l~, IL(CLI~ ClI20)rl COOEt arld l~(CItI~5 CH20)n CON R3~4. R5 is hyclrogen or a me-thyl gro-up ancl n is chosen -to ensure the solubili-ty limi-ts q~lo~ted above are not exceeded, e.g. -tallow alcohol condensed ~rith an average o~
'~- '~.', ' , . .
4~9 cc .795 perfLmle~ a prefelred material for cleposition, is an ocliferous co~posi-tion de-tec-ted by the olfactory sense, a fabric softener material is perceivable by -the sense of touch (-tac-tile) and ~luorescers are perceivable by -the visual sense~ Ma-terials capable of changing the sur~ace o:~ fabric so as -to al~ter -the sound made during movement are also inclLuded. Some sensorialy perceivable ma-terials act direc-tly on a hl~an sense, for exa~ple a perfume, while some ~aterials will be percei~ecl indirectly by their action on another subs-tance. An e~ample is a baetericide whieh ean be deteetecd by a reduction in the odour o~ fabrics due -to baeterieidal ae-tion on miero-organisms.
These miero-organisms will eollect on the fabrics durir~g ¦ use. Another sensorialy perceivable material providing a reduetion in odour is an ant-l ox:i.darlt.
l6 An e:e:eeet on the sureace lr:L:ll, with some :Eormlllatioris, he aohLeved b~ tho cleposlt:i.oll ol' the o:rganie matr:ix nl~terla:l.
That is to say the organie matrix may pro~ide a clesirable e-f~ee-t additional -to tha-t obtained from the sensorialy pereeivable ma-terial.
~or example, ~rith te~tiles, deposi-tion of long ehain fa-t-ty aleohols,whieh are usable as -the organie ~at:rix ma-terial, prov:Lde a detee-table e eeect ln respeet Oe -textile hanclling.
:[t is neeessary to ensure a mirli~ m proportion O:e solubLe eationie mater:i.ll in ionic eorm is ln the aqueolls phase, beeause sueh free eationie ma-terial in -the liquid phase ~rill preferen-tially ~adsorb , or at least adsorb in compe-tition with the par-tieles of the firs-t dispersed phase. This preference or _ 3 - /
......... ... .... .... .
.' ': '' ,, ~ c~.795 eompetition could lead to an ille~icien-t deposition o:E the dispersed phase on -the surface.
One eause o~ ineffieient deposition is charge reversal of -the naturally negatively charged surface7 which can oceur if su~eieien-t posi-tively ehargecd ions are absorbed -thereon -to be numerieally grea-ter -than the inherent nega-tive charge of -the surface. This reversal oeeurs with syn-the-tie polymer sureaees, eor example -tex-tiles o e polyaerylies, polyes-ters and polyamides.
These are hydrophobie. On these l~a-terials the ne~a-tive ehar~es are not as abundarlt as they are on hyclrc)phiLlc mn~terials, :l'or e~c~ ple cotton~ t-3re the E)()siti~eLy char~rQd lollY are ~ler:lvetl :CYOm oatlorlic In.llior:lcl:ls cl:lr~cl()sed heLo:lrl, the aLkyl chairl 0n -these moleeules ean absorb onto synthetic polymer sur:eaees and be bound by hydrophobie interaetion. Thus, -the binding o~
these eationie materials does no-t depend solely upon a eharge in-terae-tion be-t~een -the positive een-tre oc -the eationie and a nega-tive si-te on -the subs-trate. This ehar~e reversa:l eifee-t was clemons-tratecl by measllYin~ ~.e-ta po-tentials by a strearning pot~rltilL teeh~liquo on aerylie arl~l COttOII te~tiLe salllpLes. 't'hese samples 1~ere ilumersed in soLIltiorls o:~ sodiulu ehLor:ide (5~10 l molar) at a p~ o~ 6. On addi-tion of eetyl -trime-thyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) a-t a s-trength of 10 ~ molar -the ze-ta poten-tial ior the aerylie sample reversed in sign whereas -that o~ the eo~tton sample did no-t.
The par-tiele size o~ -the ~irs-t dispersed phase ~ill usually be in -the range ~rom abo-~l-t O.L -to abou-t 20 micron, more usually abo-ll-t - 1.0 -to abou-t 20 micron.
-- 'I -- /- -~ .. . . ... . . . .
~ 9 cC.79s The ca-tionic ma-terial in the first dispersed phase o~ tha-t phase is pre~erably presen-t in an amoun-t o~ ~rom abou~t 2% to abou-t 10%~
The i3irs-t dispersed phase may be present in an amoun-t up to abou-t 107'; -this range will preeerably be used lrhen the ma-trix material also provides a sensorialy appreciable ee~ect. ~en the formulation contains a second dispersed phase, -the iirs-t dispersed phase will be preeerably present in an amoun-t up -to about 2%.
r~he components and parame-ters ~cor -the deposition ~ormulation T~ill no~ be considered in turn.
Or anic Matrix Ma-terials g _ _ I-t is necessary i'or -the ma-tri~ material to have a solubility at 25C in the liquid phase Oe no-t more ~than 200 par-ts per million, preeerably no-t more than 50 parts per million. E~amples O:e the mcltrix Inater:ials a~re primary or sccorlclary ~tty aLcohols O:e thc i'ormll~a ~ O~L, e.g.
stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, cety:L alcohol arlcl~-tallo1r alcohol, hydrocarbons o~ the eormula R CE3, e.g. oc-tadecane, eicosane, docosane and -te-tracosene, aldehydes and ke-tones oi' the ~orrnula R CO R , e.g. methyl stearyl ketone and stearyladehyde, iatty acicls o~ the cormula R COOH, e.~.
-tallow ia-t-ty acid, coconut -eat-ty acid, oleic aci~l~ stearic ~LCid ~nd behenic ac.Lcl, and esters Oe sllch acids ~:ith -the l'ormu:La T~ CO ORL or T~ CO OR , e.~,. e-th~l ~a:llllitate arld stcn:ryL
stearate. In -these i'orrnulae R c~d R-L are saturated or -unsa-turated alkyl or alkylaryl groups and may be straight or branchecl chainO
~he number o~ carbon atoms ~Yill be ~rom ~ -to 22, precerably 14 to 22. R2 is hydrogen or an alkyl group l~-ith 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
., .`' - 5 ~
. ...
, !
~ cC.795 Other examples o~ classes o~ matrix ma-terials whic~
can be used are ia-t-ty acid amides liith the Lor~lula R CON R3R~
wherein R3 arld R4 are each hydrogen, alh~l groups ~ th 1 -to 4 carbon atoms, -CEI2CH20H7 -(CH2)30~ or -CEI(CH3~ClI20~, e.g.
tallow diethanolamide and coconut monoethanolamide. Amines with -the eormula RN ~3R40i R RlNR3, e.g. stearyl diethanolamine and ditallol~me-thylamine, ethers with the cormula RO Rl or RO R2, e.g. s~tearyl ethyl ether and epoxides ~rith -the formula ~0~
R - C~2 - C~I2 e.g. stearyl epoxide. The alkylene ogide aclducts o:E ea-t-ty alcohol~, eatty acids Ind :L'atty am:Lcles are also usab:Le as the Inaliri.x ~natoY:iclls. 'L`ho41~ a~ ct~ haYo t~e respectLve :L'ornlllLllo ~(a~I Il" alt20)l~0l~, IL(CLI~ ClI20)rl COOEt arld l~(CItI~5 CH20)n CON R3~4. R5 is hyclrogen or a me-thyl gro-up ancl n is chosen -to ensure the solubili-ty limi-ts q~lo~ted above are not exceeded, e.g. -tallow alcohol condensed ~rith an average o~
3 moles o e e-thylene o~ide, tallow amide condensed wi-th an average oi S moles o e e-thy:Lene o~ide and olelc acicl condensed w:Lth an average O:e 3 moles o e et1lylene o~:ide. D:i-basLc carboxy:lio ac:icls aro a:Lso o~alllples O:e rls.lble matr:ix mclter:ia:ls.
It ~ril:L be llote-l the above :list O:r eYc.mples inc~ldes carboxylic acids. These materia:Ls have a lolr solubili-ty in the liquicl phase ancl ~ur-ther have a low dissocia-tion constant.
In the dispersed phase o r -the iormulation -the are abl~ -to ac-t as a ~atrix ma-terial.
/. . .
~ cC.795 The organic ma-tri~ ma-terial ~ill be non-cationic and Irill preferably be nonionic. The term nonionic de~ines a material not producing ionic species in contact wi-th -the phase aqueous/, or pro~ucing such species only to a negligible extent.
Cationic Materials Sui-table materials are found in bo-th -the soluble and insoluble classes o~ cationic materials. ~ny cationic material used mus-t not have a solubili-ty in water greater 1~ than 5g per litre a-t 25C. Thus both cationic sur~ac-tan-ts and cationic materials use~ul as ~abric so~-tening agents can be used; -the la-t-ter are pre:~erred. The class of amphoteric compounds, ~hose ionic species :is clependant on the p~l O:e the :L:Lqulcl phas0, can also be used to provide thc QE~tionic mater:Lal :l5 wlth selectlon o:~ the pa ill th~ system. I~'or alllphot~rlc compoun~ls, as the p~ ~oves to the acicl at a speci~ic pEI the species becomescationic and ~ill become e~ective in the ~ormula-tion o~
the present inven-tion.
It must be appreciated -that the boun(]aries betlreen soluble and insol~ible ~aterials cannot be clearly dra~n, thus a c:lass oC ulaterlals generally thought o~ as solul):Le can be regar-de(l clS insoluble ~hen the length ol the alkyl ohain or chains are over a speci~ic limi-t. The less soluble ca-tionic ma-terials are pre~erred because -they will no-t be so readily leached ~rom r -the d-ispersed particles during storage; these materials ~
pre~erably have a solubility not greater than about 50 ppm.
:,,, : . :
,, : :
.
:
:. ' . ~ .
. .
91L~9 cC.~95 Generic examples of soluble cationics are listed ¦ belo~Y:
j ~lkyl qua-ternary ammonium salts: R N(RlR2R3) X , e.g.
ce-tyl trime-thyl ammonium bromide ancl tallow trime-thyl ammonium bromide.
Alkyl pyri~inium salts: R - N ~ X , e.g. lauryl pyridinium chloride and ce-tyl pyridinium chloride.
Alkylaryl qua-ternary ammon-ium salt.s: R N(RlR2)2C6H5X-, e.g. stearyl dlnlethyl ben~z~l amlllonium chlori(le.
LO ~mln~ ,saltg: R - N ~llR tt ~ , e.g. C12 Fr2~ N(Crt~)2~1-CII~O~, ill wh:lch ~ arl allcy:L chalrl o~' 8 to ~2 c~lrborl atollls, pre:eerably 12 to 18 carbon atoms, Rl,R2,~3,R4 are me-thyl, e-thyl or propyl radicals, X i9 an anion ~or exam~le halo~en (e.g. chloride or bromide),sulphate, ace-tate, me-thosulphate and e-thosulphate. -/ . ~.
, ~ ~
.1 ~
, " : ' ' ' ~ , . , :
c C.79S
It ~ril:L be llote-l the above :list O:r eYc.mples inc~ldes carboxylic acids. These materia:Ls have a lolr solubili-ty in the liquicl phase ancl ~ur-ther have a low dissocia-tion constant.
In the dispersed phase o r -the iormulation -the are abl~ -to ac-t as a ~atrix ma-terial.
/. . .
~ cC.795 The organic ma-tri~ ma-terial ~ill be non-cationic and Irill preferably be nonionic. The term nonionic de~ines a material not producing ionic species in contact wi-th -the phase aqueous/, or pro~ucing such species only to a negligible extent.
Cationic Materials Sui-table materials are found in bo-th -the soluble and insoluble classes o~ cationic materials. ~ny cationic material used mus-t not have a solubili-ty in water greater 1~ than 5g per litre a-t 25C. Thus both cationic sur~ac-tan-ts and cationic materials use~ul as ~abric so~-tening agents can be used; -the la-t-ter are pre:~erred. The class of amphoteric compounds, ~hose ionic species :is clependant on the p~l O:e the :L:Lqulcl phas0, can also be used to provide thc QE~tionic mater:Lal :l5 wlth selectlon o:~ the pa ill th~ system. I~'or alllphot~rlc compoun~ls, as the p~ ~oves to the acicl at a speci~ic pEI the species becomescationic and ~ill become e~ective in the ~ormula-tion o~
the present inven-tion.
It must be appreciated -that the boun(]aries betlreen soluble and insol~ible ~aterials cannot be clearly dra~n, thus a c:lass oC ulaterlals generally thought o~ as solul):Le can be regar-de(l clS insoluble ~hen the length ol the alkyl ohain or chains are over a speci~ic limi-t. The less soluble ca-tionic ma-terials are pre~erred because -they will no-t be so readily leached ~rom r -the d-ispersed particles during storage; these materials ~
pre~erably have a solubility not greater than about 50 ppm.
:,,, : . :
,, : :
.
:
:. ' . ~ .
. .
91L~9 cC.~95 Generic examples of soluble cationics are listed ¦ belo~Y:
j ~lkyl qua-ternary ammonium salts: R N(RlR2R3) X , e.g.
ce-tyl trime-thyl ammonium bromide ancl tallow trime-thyl ammonium bromide.
Alkyl pyri~inium salts: R - N ~ X , e.g. lauryl pyridinium chloride and ce-tyl pyridinium chloride.
Alkylaryl qua-ternary ammon-ium salt.s: R N(RlR2)2C6H5X-, e.g. stearyl dlnlethyl ben~z~l amlllonium chlori(le.
LO ~mln~ ,saltg: R - N ~llR tt ~ , e.g. C12 Fr2~ N(Crt~)2~1-CII~O~, ill wh:lch ~ arl allcy:L chalrl o~' 8 to ~2 c~lrborl atollls, pre:eerably 12 to 18 carbon atoms, Rl,R2,~3,R4 are me-thyl, e-thyl or propyl radicals, X i9 an anion ~or exam~le halo~en (e.g. chloride or bromide),sulphate, ace-tate, me-thosulphate and e-thosulphate. -/ . ~.
, ~ ~
.1 ~
, " : ' ' ' ~ , . , :
c C.79S
4~9 Examples o~ -the insol~lble cationics usable as Eab ric softeners are:
Dialkyl quaternary ammonium sal-ts: RlR~N R3R~ X , e.g.
distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dicoco-dimethyl ammonium chloride and di(2-s-tearoylo~yethyl)climethyl am~oni~um chloride.
Amine salt derivatives: RlR2N R3 H X , e.g. C17E35CONECH2_ NH(C~ )~C ~ )C~I3C00- and (C17H35C0~CH2C~2)2 2 Compounds with one long alkyl chain: RlN R3R4R5 X , e.g.
10 Cl7E35coocE2cH2N~(cH3)2cH3coo , wherein Rl, R2 are alkyl chaing of 12 to 25 carbon a-toms optionally containing amide or es-ter linkages, R3, R4 are me-thyl, e-thyl or propyl radicals, R5 is ~, methyl, e-thyl or propyl, X~ :is arl anion, :Eor example C L , B:r , ~ , CT13SO" , C~EI~SO,~, Cl[3COO , SO,I -1~ E~amp:Los oC thC at~ tlotcric compoLInlls ~hictl are ~l~alJIe are given hereltnder:
Alkyl sulphobe-taines: i) R - N(Rl)2R S03 , e.g. hexadecyl dimethyl ammonio propane sulphona-te.
ii) R - C~I(NR13)-R2S0-3 iii) R - CII - R- S03 N~
e.g. ~
~ J
C12H33C~(c~2~3so3 _ 9 _ /---, :. ' ,, .
:
`: :
.: :
cC.795 ~mine Oxicles: RN~ O, e.g. hardenecl -tallow di~le-thyl a~ine oxide.
CarboYybetaines: R - ~Rl)2R2C00~,e.g. C.l~H37N~CH3)2CE2-CH2COO . Hydroxamic be-taines, ~ N+(Rl)2C~2C0~E0HCl , e.g.
C18~37N(C~3)2 ~ C0NE0~Cl wherein R is an alky'l chain of 8-22, pre~erably 12 to 18 carbon a-toms, Rl is methyl or e-thyl R2 is a short alkyl chain o~ 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
Another class o~ cationic fabric sof-tening agents usable in the ~irs-t dispersed phase is based Oll imidazoline and has the general ~ormula ~ \ R~ ; X
wherein R and R are each subs-tantially linear aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having ~rom 15 -to~24 carbon atoms, R is an allyl group having ~rom 1 to 4 carbon atoms R is a divalent al~y]ene group hav:ing ~rom 1 -to 4 carbon atoms, and is a~ ~lion and n is an :lnteger eqlla'l to the charge on ~.
Li~uid phase The liquid phase l~ill be aqueous 'but Irill normally contain o~ther materials, -~'or e~ample, shor-t chain alcohols, buf~ering - 10- /~--: ' .
~ cC.795 agen-ts to provide the necessary pE, ~or example -to ensure any ampho-teric sur~actan-t or conditioning agen-t is in -the cationic ~orm, and electroly-tes may also be presen-t.
Emulsifiers, colouring materials, perfumes, bac-tericides and surface active agen-ts are also op-tional componen-ts o~ -the aqueous liquid phase.
An optional componen-t in the liquid phase is a dispersed ~abric conditioning agent in an amoun~t o~ ~rom abou~t - 0.5¦0 to about 30/0; pre-~erably this may be presen-t in an amount o~ from abou-t 2% to abou-t 15~. This agen-t may be a ~abric so~tening agen-t; e~amples o~ -these materials have been previously quoted in the pa:ragraph (lescrib:Lng the cat:ionic mate:rlnls p:resent ln the l'irst tl:Lsporsccl pll~lse.
e t llo cl s c~:C p r e p a r-l t :i on l~h:LI.e it has been :~ourl(l that severcll methocls o:C
preparatipn give the desired deposition properties certain o~ these methods are pre~erred. The pre~erred me-thod has -the melting -together o-f the organic ma-tri~ ma-terial, cationic ma-terial and sensorialy percei~able ma-terial as a :~irst s-tep.
The melt may then be d-Lspersed in hot ~rater with subsequent cooling or the melt may be soLicli~ietl ~ncl dispersed Lnto cold ~ate;r. Opt:Lon~ urther comporlerlls oI: the aclueous phase, ~Ind the seconcl dispersed phase, may then be adclecl.
~ c C.795 E~amples of appara-tus u3able to cause dispersion o-f the organic ma-trix ma-terial in the liquid phase are high speed stirrers, ultrasonic dispersers, ~!ibxEIting reèds an~
con-tinuous mi~er~. T~lese ~e~ices pro-vi~le c~ erent particle si~es ~ihich-~Yill he of ~peci-Fic u-tili-ty for differerl-t formulation~
E~amples of formula-tions of the invent-ion ~Yill no~Y
be given.
Example I
98g -tallow alcohol ethoxylated with an average of 3 moles-of ethylene oxide (~3E0), as -the organic ma-trix ma-terial, and 2g Sudan Black B (Solven-t Black 3 -Colour Inde~ Z6150) ~Yere mel-ted -together. Cetyl -trime-thyl ammonium bromide (CT~B) was meltecl into -this m-ixture at the :ro LlolY:Lng levels:
L~ 0, 0.5, L.0, 2.(), 5.0, an(l LO.Og tor each L00~ oE
mix htre o:r tEllLO~Y EIlCOhOL 3E0 and Sudan nLaclc U.
These mixtures were emulsified ~Yith lia-ter ~-t 80C
~hile s-till in -the molten s-tate, using a ~inisonic 4 homogeniser (Ultrasonics L-td, Shipley, Yorlcs) -to form 1%
concentrations.
Fabric pieces, oi co-tton -terry towel and oE bulke(l acrylic Icnittecl fabric, were rinsed in dilutions o:L these em~llsiorls (30g O:e emuLs:ion per lLtre of ~ater) at El l:i(luor to cloth rat:io o-f 75:1, 25C, in a Terg-0-Tometer (US Testing Co Inc) -for 5 minutes a-t 50 cycles per minu-te agi-tation.
-- 1~ -- / . . .
~ c C.7gs The Eabrics ~ere remove~, and e~cess liquor -l~as removell by a spin dryer, be:Eore -the pieces ~ere co~-ple-tely clriecl i-n a hea-ted drying cabinc-t.
Reflec-tances o-f'-the fabrics ~ere measured spectro-photome-trically be-fore and after -trea-tmen-t. Reflec-tances were measured using a Zeiss Elrepho Reflec-tance Spectro-pho-tome-ter at a ligh-t wave'length of 620 nm, and convertecl -to K values (K = a~bsor-tivi-ty coefficien-t and S = sca-ttering eoeffieien-t) by -the appropriate Kubelka-~lun~ rela-tionshi-p.
~he K quan-tity is propor-tional -to the ~eigh-t o:f colouring mat-ter presen-t. ~K, -the cli~:t'erence be~tween - :Eor -the dyed fabrie and the original fabri.c ~as computed ancl represents ~the amount of clye tahen dowrl onto l;he :I'a'b:r-ie (.ll-lring -the r:inse.
].~ o ~l9 ~'o l l C)~9:
% ~lourl t O:r C'l'~B ~ K
. Ineorporated S S
Cot-ton Terr~ wel Acr~lic Textile 0 0.038 0.216 0.5 0.015 0.58~
l 0.053 0.~116 2 0.51~ 0.25~l ~ 0.8~9 O.'Ll~
.'~'L'l ~~
- 13 _ . .
.. ' c~ C.795 In -this sys-tem, the optimulll a~lount Of CT~B :for the co-tton ~abric is above l,o~ arld for -the acrylic it is be-tween 0.5 ~ncl 2C/o by l~eigh-t of -the nonion:ic. These op-timum regions overlap be-t~een 1% and 2,oh CT~B~ where enhanced deposition is achieved on both fabrics.
Example II
Tallow alcohol 3E0 and Sudan Blac~ B were melted to~e-ther in the same quan-ti-ties as in Example I, and ~ere emulsified in-to water in the manner describecl th er ein, ~Yithout CT~B. CTAB solutions were prepared and addecl separately to -the dispersion at such levels -tha-t the r proportions of CT~B -to the talLo~ alcohol 3E0/Sudan Blacl~ B
mixture were -the same as in E~ample I.
The mixtllres l~ore u9e~1 to t:re~t I'abr:Lcs as ln L5 ~.xlln~pl~ ith the :eoLIo~in(r re~ults:
~ Amourlt o:e clr.~u ~lcl ecl to the Dispersiorl ~ K a E~
~ (Propo:r-tional -to the S S
I l~eigh-t o-f Dispersed ~la-terial) _Cot-ton Terry To~iel ~cr~lic Textile -- 0 0.010 0.120 0-5 ~ 0 '~7 ' 1 0.01~ -2 - 0.173 0.~ll56 0.:L-I'J
:L0 0.77~ -~ 14' - /
.
.........
~, ' ~C.79~
The op-timum level of C'l'~B for co-tton was abou-t 1yo and ~'or acrylic i-t was be-tween 0. 5,h and 2C' by weigh-t o:f the ma-t~i~
material.
E~ample III
The mix-tures O:e Example I were prepared, but -they were allowed -to cool and solidify prior -to dispersion in-to cold ~ater. The other experimental parame-ters ~ere -those o-E Example I.
The resul-ts were:
'10 /0 Amoun-t of CT~B K K
Incorporatetd S S
Co-t-ton Terry Towel Acrylic Textile o 0.106 0.~89 0 5 ~).7'-'2 0 ~
'L ().~l81 l.22~l 'Ir, 2 0.~30 0.52~
0. 699 0.~82 0.710 0.211 The op-timum amolm-t O:e CTAB in this case, :L'or cot-ton, was be-tween 0.5jo and 5~o~ and i'or acry~Lic it l~as also between 0.5% and 5% by weigh~t o~ -the matrix ma-teria:L. It w:ill 'be noted these resu:Lts are better thcln those ql-lotetl :in Example I
~here th~ ~lisperse~l ~hclSe ~a~ d:i9~)er9ed ~iililt` IllQltel~.
The e~'~'ect ach:ieved :in Examples I, I:l and III will be seen -to decrease in -the order III, I ancl II. This redllction follows from the a~o~-t o-f ~ree cationic in -the liquid phase. The method o:~ preparation u~ed in Example III
produces -the least amolm-t OI ca-tionic in the liquicl phase.
~ 15 ~ /---, ..
cC.795 E~am-ple IV
98g tallo~ alcohol 3 E0 and 2g Sudan Black B l~ere mel-ted -toge-ther lii-th 0, 0.~, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, lO.Og of distearyl dimethyl a~oniu~ chloride. Dispersions were prepared using the me-thod of E~ample I.
The resul-ts were:
o/O Amount oE Dis-tearyl ~ K a K
Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride S S
Incorporated Cotton Terry To~el Acrylic_'re~tile o 0.194 0.157 0.5 0.012 0.6~7 1 0.012 0.751 - 2 0.010 0.~18 1.177 0.186 L.21'1 0.~15 'L'he opt:Lrnum amollrlt o:t~ cat:ion:ic :Eor cotton :i~ above 2~o7 ~n~l:for thc acryl:ic :Lt :is l)etwe~n 0.5 arlcl 5% by ~e.i.~ht o:E
the non:ionic. '~he best le~el -for both ~abrics is bet~een 2%
and 5% ca-tionic.
E _ ~e V
Example I l~as repea-ted using dodecyl trirne-thyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) ins-tead o~ CT~B. Tlle results l~ere as Eollows:
% ~mown-t o:~ DTAB 4 ~ ~ ~
Incorporated S S
Cotton Te:rr~ To~el A~y~l:ic Textile _____ ___ __ 0 0.21'1 0.125 0.5 0.010 0.1~2 1 0.007 0.40~
2 0.060 0.982 .4~a9 cC. 795 Example V (Contd/. . . ) ~0 ~moun-t of DT.I~B ~ K
Incorporatecl S S
Cotton TerrY q'ol~el ~cr~lic Te~tile 0.229 0.803 0.329 0.464 The optimum amoun-t of ca-tion-ic for co-tton was above 2% and 1or acrylic it ~Yas be-tlYeen 0.5 and 10%. Enhanced deposi-tion was achieved on bo-th fabr:ics between 2% ancd 10%
- ca-tionic by weight of -the nonionic.
Example ~1 9g -tallow alcohol 3E0 ancl lg cli-tertiary bu-t~l-hyclro~Yy toluene (an antio~idant) were mel-ted l~ith 2g of dis-tearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, mixed thoroughly ancl allo~ecl to sol:icliey. 'rhe waxy sol:icl ~ias l~lade :into a paste ancl then c:rcam by ~rLrld:lr~ Lth arl :incrccls.irl~r amount o:l.! ~ater in a pe~tle ~arlcllllortnr. Tho cre~tn l~as ~:inall.y cl:Lspet~ecl in ~iatcr, to a -total volume of 500 ml by s-t:irr:ing for l minu-te l~i-th a high speed s-tirrer -to form product ~. Con-trol produc-t B was prepared by dissolving ~g O:e -the an-tioxidan-t in ace-tone (10 ml) ancl making up to 2 litres w:i-th l~a-ter.
T~o na-turally soilecl pillol~cases were lYashecl :eor 5 mins at ~0C in a pacldle type-washing mach:ine. AI1 unper~umecl, bu-t otherw:Lsc conve-ntiona:l, cletergent procluct l~as elllplo~ccl at 0.2~.
Aeter rinsin~, the pillowcases l~ere C-lt in hal.E ancl one hal~
of each was ~ur-ther rinsed (5 mins at 20C) in 2 li-tres of , ., .: : .
,: ,~ . . . , !
' 4~
a-ter con-tain:ing 10 ml o-f tile abvve cl:isp~rsion. Th~ other halves ~e:re similcl-rly -t:rea-tec~ ~iith product B.
The halves of pillo~cases were then compared, :~or odour, by a panel of 20 assessors and no s-ignifican-t di~Eerences were io~mcl. Ho~ever, a~ter storage :for 1 ~eeh, in sepa:rate containers, the hal-f'-treated with Procluc-t ~ l~as preferred - -to -the control hal:L' in 35 o-~ the ~0 co~parisons. '~his result clemonstrates -the antioxidant clepos:i-te~l in a ~ormulation accorcling -to -the invention is more evenly deposi-ted over the fabric -than the antioxidant in Proclllc-t B and there:rore ~upre~ses malodour~ more e~fectively.
Exam~e V[I
Emu'Ls-ions C`icmcl ~) we:re p:repared o:c' ta'L:I.ow a'lcoho'l 3~!,0 (~rl~3l?~ p~r~:rll~n~, r~ tllr(~ i..q~ lry'l (liltl~t~ly'l.clllllllon:illn r Cil~ t':i(le (I)l.)l~) :in ~at(~:r l;o tlle :Co'LIowillg c()r~ osLt:ions:
'l'A3~ r:~ lt~ D~ C ~cltc:r~
C) 9g lg 2g 100 ml D) 6g ~g lg 100 ~11 The methvcl o~ preparation was to blencl -the TA3E0, per~ulrJe cmd DDAC ~y melting -them toge-ther, allowing the mix-ture to solicl:i:~'y, then incorporating col~l water gra('lually to ~:ive ~I coarsc d:i.spersiorl. 'rh:is ~a9 then t:re~tcd ultra-sonica'L'L~ to :fo:rm a smo()th e~ ls:ioll.
~esin c':inished po'lyester/co-tton l'abric was rinsecl in dilutions o r these emlllsions in a paddle action washing -'1~- /-~,795 machine (Ilo-tpoint Superma-tic) using a ra~tio o-~ 17 li~tres of liquor -to 700g o~ :eabric ancl add:ing 10 ~nl o~ one o~ -the emulsions. The fabric l~as a~Jita-ted in -the liquor at room -tempera-ture -for 15 minu-tes, -then removecl ancl dried.
A panel of 20 assessors was aslced to smell -the clo-ths and all could de-tec-t the difference in per-fume level be-tween the cloths -trea-ted wi-th -the two emulsions. Those treated with D were stronger -than -those trea-ted ~i-th C; as would be expected from -the diEference in perf~lme con-ten-t o-f -the -two emulsions. Both -trea-ted ~abrics were much more s-trongly per~umecd -than one which had been rinsed in a suspension o-~
-the per-fume alone a-t -the same -to-tal concentra-tion wi-th reference -to per-fume ag from e~nuls-ion D.
~3~;ampl c V~ J~
lro ~ dispcr~io-n l~as prepar~d, by the Inethod le~cribe(l -in Exa~nple V[C, co~nprLsin~ ~tenryl stcarate (6~), a per~ume mixture ((~g), (listearyl dime-thyl ammonium ch:Loricle (1~) and water lOOg.
25 ml o-f this dispersion was then aclcled -to ~5 ml o~
a ~. 5~b dispersion o:E distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride in wa-ter. To a fur-ther sample of -the ~.5~ dispersion was acldcd the sanne per:Eume m:ixture, alone, -to a level of 0.20,b.
'L'hcse tt~o d:ispcxsic)n~ wer~ -then usecl for EinaL rinse trea-tment o~ ~ash loads.
- 1~ - /''' .
.. , ~ - ~
, ~' :
cC.795 Balanced launclry loacls contain~ing co-tton -terry -to~elling hancl-towels ~ere ~ashed in an ~EG Lava~at Regina drum -type washing machine ~ th an unperf-umed detergent produc-t using -the 60C l~ash programme. Each load l~as trea-ted, in the ~:lnal rinse, with one of -the above t~o dispersions. A~ter four loads had been -treated with each dispersion -the hand towels ~ere assessed by an expert panel -for softness. No significant differences ~ere :Eound bet~een the tl~O dispersions. However, the panel were unanimous that those -to~els -trea-ted with -the dispersion con-taining the carrier l~ere much more highly perf~ed -than -those -treated ~i-th -the dispersion con~taining -the per~ume mi~-ture alone.
Exam-ple IX
A clisporsion wa~ prep~lred, 'by the met'hod (le~cri'bed in 'l5 ~x~nl~)'lc 'VIL, compri~:in~ N,N-clitc~ o~ thano'lalllirlo (~
clisteaxy'l dimeth~'l amn~or~ oh'lotitle (0.5g) the optlca'L
brigh-tening agent, l-p-carbo~yme-thyl phenyl-3-~-chlorophenyl--pyrazoline (0.05g) and ~a-ter (100 ml).
A dilution o-f -this dispersion con-taining 50 mls in ~5 litres was used -to rinse ~ kg of non--fluorescent cotton -terry towels ~or 10 m:inutes at room -tem-pera~tuxe. ~ similar 'load O:e towels was r:insed in a solu-tion contain:ing 50 mls o~
a 0.5C/o dispcxsion O:r disteary'l dime-thyl ~mon:illm ch'Lorlcle ~ttempts to o'bta:in a 5~0 clispers:ion of' N,~-d:itallow ethanolamine as an addi-tional con-trol ~Yere ~successful.
_ 20 - /---.~ .
.. . . ..
c C.795 This formula-tion is an embodiment wherein the organic matri~ material pro~ides a desirable bene~i-t, i.e.
~abric softening. The fluorescer is nylon subs-tantive but has been made cot-ton substantive by use o~ the invention.
E~ample X
-16 pieces of co-t-ton terry -to~ielling (20 cms x 20 cms) were washed together a-t 60C for 15 mins in 3 li-tres o-~' a 0.4/0 solu-tion of a conventional laundry detergent. The pieces were rinsed -twice in cold wa-ter and separa-ted into -four se-ts - 10 of -four pieces for -the third rinse. The se-ts of four pieces were then rinsed fGr 5 mins in 800 ml cold wa-ter containing:
A - no-thing - thi~ ~as -the con-trol se-t.
B - 2 ml o:f' a dispersion, preparecl as in Example VII, comprising 5% para~Cin wax ancl 0.050,h tlistearyl 'lEj cl:iluethy'l amlllon:i~ml ctl:lo:r:ide.
C - 2 Ill'L o~ a 0.0~/0 (1:ig~:t'9:io:rl ~:e (I:ig t~l:ry~ n~ttlyL
ammonium chloricle.
D - 10 ml o-f a l/0 dispersion of paraf~in wax in wa-ter (a 5/0 dispersion was no-t suf-ficien~tly s-tnb'Le -to be usable).
~f-ter drying, -the fabr:ics were rearrangecl into se-ts oi` four fabrics where a set comprised one :fa'bYic f'rom each o:~ the treclt~llerlts. These sets ~et~e then a~ses~ecl ror sot'tness by a panel o~ 5 exper:iencecl aSSe9SOt'S. The Iorm oi~ assessment was to ranl~ the,clo-ths in each se-t l~i-th 1 poin-t being awarded 2 1 _ /
,.. . . . .. . . ... . . . .
, . .
' ~ ~
;. . ~.
4n~ cc .795 to the sof-tes-t cloth and ~ points to the harshest. Thus, i e one -treatment consis-tently ~ave -the sof-tes-t clo-th in each se-t the to-tal score eOr -tha-t trea-tment would be ~0.
Similarly, i e one -treatment consistently gave the harshest clo-th its total score would be 80.
The actual scores ~'or the above trea-tmen-ts were ~ C 55 Thus the control rinse A was no-t significan-tly di-leerent erom ~trea-tments C ana D. Treatmen-t B gave a signieican-tly so:e-ter set o e cloths. This resu:L-t ~as lo-und bccausc thore wa~ not orlough so:~tcrle:r alonc to malse a l~ s:lgnil':i.cant cl:L:e:t'cronco, but thc ~:o:Ltcncr alld p~lraf:f':ln wa~
gavo a slgnieicant ~I:il'l'crence when depositecl tog~t~l~r.
I
.
, --
Dialkyl quaternary ammonium sal-ts: RlR~N R3R~ X , e.g.
distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dicoco-dimethyl ammonium chloride and di(2-s-tearoylo~yethyl)climethyl am~oni~um chloride.
Amine salt derivatives: RlR2N R3 H X , e.g. C17E35CONECH2_ NH(C~ )~C ~ )C~I3C00- and (C17H35C0~CH2C~2)2 2 Compounds with one long alkyl chain: RlN R3R4R5 X , e.g.
10 Cl7E35coocE2cH2N~(cH3)2cH3coo , wherein Rl, R2 are alkyl chaing of 12 to 25 carbon a-toms optionally containing amide or es-ter linkages, R3, R4 are me-thyl, e-thyl or propyl radicals, R5 is ~, methyl, e-thyl or propyl, X~ :is arl anion, :Eor example C L , B:r , ~ , CT13SO" , C~EI~SO,~, Cl[3COO , SO,I -1~ E~amp:Los oC thC at~ tlotcric compoLInlls ~hictl are ~l~alJIe are given hereltnder:
Alkyl sulphobe-taines: i) R - N(Rl)2R S03 , e.g. hexadecyl dimethyl ammonio propane sulphona-te.
ii) R - C~I(NR13)-R2S0-3 iii) R - CII - R- S03 N~
e.g. ~
~ J
C12H33C~(c~2~3so3 _ 9 _ /---, :. ' ,, .
:
`: :
.: :
cC.795 ~mine Oxicles: RN~ O, e.g. hardenecl -tallow di~le-thyl a~ine oxide.
CarboYybetaines: R - ~Rl)2R2C00~,e.g. C.l~H37N~CH3)2CE2-CH2COO . Hydroxamic be-taines, ~ N+(Rl)2C~2C0~E0HCl , e.g.
C18~37N(C~3)2 ~ C0NE0~Cl wherein R is an alky'l chain of 8-22, pre~erably 12 to 18 carbon a-toms, Rl is methyl or e-thyl R2 is a short alkyl chain o~ 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
Another class o~ cationic fabric sof-tening agents usable in the ~irs-t dispersed phase is based Oll imidazoline and has the general ~ormula ~ \ R~ ; X
wherein R and R are each subs-tantially linear aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having ~rom 15 -to~24 carbon atoms, R is an allyl group having ~rom 1 to 4 carbon atoms R is a divalent al~y]ene group hav:ing ~rom 1 -to 4 carbon atoms, and is a~ ~lion and n is an :lnteger eqlla'l to the charge on ~.
Li~uid phase The liquid phase l~ill be aqueous 'but Irill normally contain o~ther materials, -~'or e~ample, shor-t chain alcohols, buf~ering - 10- /~--: ' .
~ cC.795 agen-ts to provide the necessary pE, ~or example -to ensure any ampho-teric sur~actan-t or conditioning agen-t is in -the cationic ~orm, and electroly-tes may also be presen-t.
Emulsifiers, colouring materials, perfumes, bac-tericides and surface active agen-ts are also op-tional componen-ts o~ -the aqueous liquid phase.
An optional componen-t in the liquid phase is a dispersed ~abric conditioning agent in an amoun~t o~ ~rom abou~t - 0.5¦0 to about 30/0; pre-~erably this may be presen-t in an amount o~ from abou-t 2% to abou-t 15~. This agen-t may be a ~abric so~tening agen-t; e~amples o~ -these materials have been previously quoted in the pa:ragraph (lescrib:Lng the cat:ionic mate:rlnls p:resent ln the l'irst tl:Lsporsccl pll~lse.
e t llo cl s c~:C p r e p a r-l t :i on l~h:LI.e it has been :~ourl(l that severcll methocls o:C
preparatipn give the desired deposition properties certain o~ these methods are pre~erred. The pre~erred me-thod has -the melting -together o-f the organic ma-tri~ ma-terial, cationic ma-terial and sensorialy percei~able ma-terial as a :~irst s-tep.
The melt may then be d-Lspersed in hot ~rater with subsequent cooling or the melt may be soLicli~ietl ~ncl dispersed Lnto cold ~ate;r. Opt:Lon~ urther comporlerlls oI: the aclueous phase, ~Ind the seconcl dispersed phase, may then be adclecl.
~ c C.795 E~amples of appara-tus u3able to cause dispersion o-f the organic ma-trix ma-terial in the liquid phase are high speed stirrers, ultrasonic dispersers, ~!ibxEIting reèds an~
con-tinuous mi~er~. T~lese ~e~ices pro-vi~le c~ erent particle si~es ~ihich-~Yill he of ~peci-Fic u-tili-ty for differerl-t formulation~
E~amples of formula-tions of the invent-ion ~Yill no~Y
be given.
Example I
98g -tallow alcohol ethoxylated with an average of 3 moles-of ethylene oxide (~3E0), as -the organic ma-trix ma-terial, and 2g Sudan Black B (Solven-t Black 3 -Colour Inde~ Z6150) ~Yere mel-ted -together. Cetyl -trime-thyl ammonium bromide (CT~B) was meltecl into -this m-ixture at the :ro LlolY:Lng levels:
L~ 0, 0.5, L.0, 2.(), 5.0, an(l LO.Og tor each L00~ oE
mix htre o:r tEllLO~Y EIlCOhOL 3E0 and Sudan nLaclc U.
These mixtures were emulsified ~Yith lia-ter ~-t 80C
~hile s-till in -the molten s-tate, using a ~inisonic 4 homogeniser (Ultrasonics L-td, Shipley, Yorlcs) -to form 1%
concentrations.
Fabric pieces, oi co-tton -terry towel and oE bulke(l acrylic Icnittecl fabric, were rinsed in dilutions o:L these em~llsiorls (30g O:e emuLs:ion per lLtre of ~ater) at El l:i(luor to cloth rat:io o-f 75:1, 25C, in a Terg-0-Tometer (US Testing Co Inc) -for 5 minutes a-t 50 cycles per minu-te agi-tation.
-- 1~ -- / . . .
~ c C.7gs The Eabrics ~ere remove~, and e~cess liquor -l~as removell by a spin dryer, be:Eore -the pieces ~ere co~-ple-tely clriecl i-n a hea-ted drying cabinc-t.
Reflec-tances o-f'-the fabrics ~ere measured spectro-photome-trically be-fore and after -trea-tmen-t. Reflec-tances were measured using a Zeiss Elrepho Reflec-tance Spectro-pho-tome-ter at a ligh-t wave'length of 620 nm, and convertecl -to K values (K = a~bsor-tivi-ty coefficien-t and S = sca-ttering eoeffieien-t) by -the appropriate Kubelka-~lun~ rela-tionshi-p.
~he K quan-tity is propor-tional -to the ~eigh-t o:f colouring mat-ter presen-t. ~K, -the cli~:t'erence be~tween - :Eor -the dyed fabrie and the original fabri.c ~as computed ancl represents ~the amount of clye tahen dowrl onto l;he :I'a'b:r-ie (.ll-lring -the r:inse.
].~ o ~l9 ~'o l l C)~9:
% ~lourl t O:r C'l'~B ~ K
. Ineorporated S S
Cot-ton Terr~ wel Acr~lic Textile 0 0.038 0.216 0.5 0.015 0.58~
l 0.053 0.~116 2 0.51~ 0.25~l ~ 0.8~9 O.'Ll~
.'~'L'l ~~
- 13 _ . .
.. ' c~ C.795 In -this sys-tem, the optimulll a~lount Of CT~B :for the co-tton ~abric is above l,o~ arld for -the acrylic it is be-tween 0.5 ~ncl 2C/o by l~eigh-t of -the nonion:ic. These op-timum regions overlap be-t~een 1% and 2,oh CT~B~ where enhanced deposition is achieved on both fabrics.
Example II
Tallow alcohol 3E0 and Sudan Blac~ B were melted to~e-ther in the same quan-ti-ties as in Example I, and ~ere emulsified in-to water in the manner describecl th er ein, ~Yithout CT~B. CTAB solutions were prepared and addecl separately to -the dispersion at such levels -tha-t the r proportions of CT~B -to the talLo~ alcohol 3E0/Sudan Blacl~ B
mixture were -the same as in E~ample I.
The mixtllres l~ore u9e~1 to t:re~t I'abr:Lcs as ln L5 ~.xlln~pl~ ith the :eoLIo~in(r re~ults:
~ Amourlt o:e clr.~u ~lcl ecl to the Dispersiorl ~ K a E~
~ (Propo:r-tional -to the S S
I l~eigh-t o-f Dispersed ~la-terial) _Cot-ton Terry To~iel ~cr~lic Textile -- 0 0.010 0.120 0-5 ~ 0 '~7 ' 1 0.01~ -2 - 0.173 0.~ll56 0.:L-I'J
:L0 0.77~ -~ 14' - /
.
.........
~, ' ~C.79~
The op-timum level of C'l'~B for co-tton was abou-t 1yo and ~'or acrylic i-t was be-tween 0. 5,h and 2C' by weigh-t o:f the ma-t~i~
material.
E~ample III
The mix-tures O:e Example I were prepared, but -they were allowed -to cool and solidify prior -to dispersion in-to cold ~ater. The other experimental parame-ters ~ere -those o-E Example I.
The resul-ts were:
'10 /0 Amoun-t of CT~B K K
Incorporatetd S S
Co-t-ton Terry Towel Acrylic Textile o 0.106 0.~89 0 5 ~).7'-'2 0 ~
'L ().~l81 l.22~l 'Ir, 2 0.~30 0.52~
0. 699 0.~82 0.710 0.211 The op-timum amolm-t O:e CTAB in this case, :L'or cot-ton, was be-tween 0.5jo and 5~o~ and i'or acry~Lic it l~as also between 0.5% and 5% by weigh~t o~ -the matrix ma-teria:L. It w:ill 'be noted these resu:Lts are better thcln those ql-lotetl :in Example I
~here th~ ~lisperse~l ~hclSe ~a~ d:i9~)er9ed ~iililt` IllQltel~.
The e~'~'ect ach:ieved :in Examples I, I:l and III will be seen -to decrease in -the order III, I ancl II. This redllction follows from the a~o~-t o-f ~ree cationic in -the liquid phase. The method o:~ preparation u~ed in Example III
produces -the least amolm-t OI ca-tionic in the liquicl phase.
~ 15 ~ /---, ..
cC.795 E~am-ple IV
98g tallo~ alcohol 3 E0 and 2g Sudan Black B l~ere mel-ted -toge-ther lii-th 0, 0.~, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, lO.Og of distearyl dimethyl a~oniu~ chloride. Dispersions were prepared using the me-thod of E~ample I.
The resul-ts were:
o/O Amount oE Dis-tearyl ~ K a K
Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride S S
Incorporated Cotton Terry To~el Acrylic_'re~tile o 0.194 0.157 0.5 0.012 0.6~7 1 0.012 0.751 - 2 0.010 0.~18 1.177 0.186 L.21'1 0.~15 'L'he opt:Lrnum amollrlt o:t~ cat:ion:ic :Eor cotton :i~ above 2~o7 ~n~l:for thc acryl:ic :Lt :is l)etwe~n 0.5 arlcl 5% by ~e.i.~ht o:E
the non:ionic. '~he best le~el -for both ~abrics is bet~een 2%
and 5% ca-tionic.
E _ ~e V
Example I l~as repea-ted using dodecyl trirne-thyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) ins-tead o~ CT~B. Tlle results l~ere as Eollows:
% ~mown-t o:~ DTAB 4 ~ ~ ~
Incorporated S S
Cotton Te:rr~ To~el A~y~l:ic Textile _____ ___ __ 0 0.21'1 0.125 0.5 0.010 0.1~2 1 0.007 0.40~
2 0.060 0.982 .4~a9 cC. 795 Example V (Contd/. . . ) ~0 ~moun-t of DT.I~B ~ K
Incorporatecl S S
Cotton TerrY q'ol~el ~cr~lic Te~tile 0.229 0.803 0.329 0.464 The optimum amoun-t of ca-tion-ic for co-tton was above 2% and 1or acrylic it ~Yas be-tlYeen 0.5 and 10%. Enhanced deposi-tion was achieved on bo-th fabr:ics between 2% ancd 10%
- ca-tionic by weight of -the nonionic.
Example ~1 9g -tallow alcohol 3E0 ancl lg cli-tertiary bu-t~l-hyclro~Yy toluene (an antio~idant) were mel-ted l~ith 2g of dis-tearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, mixed thoroughly ancl allo~ecl to sol:icliey. 'rhe waxy sol:icl ~ias l~lade :into a paste ancl then c:rcam by ~rLrld:lr~ Lth arl :incrccls.irl~r amount o:l.! ~ater in a pe~tle ~arlcllllortnr. Tho cre~tn l~as ~:inall.y cl:Lspet~ecl in ~iatcr, to a -total volume of 500 ml by s-t:irr:ing for l minu-te l~i-th a high speed s-tirrer -to form product ~. Con-trol produc-t B was prepared by dissolving ~g O:e -the an-tioxidan-t in ace-tone (10 ml) ancl making up to 2 litres w:i-th l~a-ter.
T~o na-turally soilecl pillol~cases were lYashecl :eor 5 mins at ~0C in a pacldle type-washing mach:ine. AI1 unper~umecl, bu-t otherw:Lsc conve-ntiona:l, cletergent procluct l~as elllplo~ccl at 0.2~.
Aeter rinsin~, the pillowcases l~ere C-lt in hal.E ancl one hal~
of each was ~ur-ther rinsed (5 mins at 20C) in 2 li-tres of , ., .: : .
,: ,~ . . . , !
' 4~
a-ter con-tain:ing 10 ml o-f tile abvve cl:isp~rsion. Th~ other halves ~e:re similcl-rly -t:rea-tec~ ~iith product B.
The halves of pillo~cases were then compared, :~or odour, by a panel of 20 assessors and no s-ignifican-t di~Eerences were io~mcl. Ho~ever, a~ter storage :for 1 ~eeh, in sepa:rate containers, the hal-f'-treated with Procluc-t ~ l~as preferred - -to -the control hal:L' in 35 o-~ the ~0 co~parisons. '~his result clemonstrates -the antioxidant clepos:i-te~l in a ~ormulation accorcling -to -the invention is more evenly deposi-ted over the fabric -than the antioxidant in Proclllc-t B and there:rore ~upre~ses malodour~ more e~fectively.
Exam~e V[I
Emu'Ls-ions C`icmcl ~) we:re p:repared o:c' ta'L:I.ow a'lcoho'l 3~!,0 (~rl~3l?~ p~r~:rll~n~, r~ tllr(~ i..q~ lry'l (liltl~t~ly'l.clllllllon:illn r Cil~ t':i(le (I)l.)l~) :in ~at(~:r l;o tlle :Co'LIowillg c()r~ osLt:ions:
'l'A3~ r:~ lt~ D~ C ~cltc:r~
C) 9g lg 2g 100 ml D) 6g ~g lg 100 ~11 The methvcl o~ preparation was to blencl -the TA3E0, per~ulrJe cmd DDAC ~y melting -them toge-ther, allowing the mix-ture to solicl:i:~'y, then incorporating col~l water gra('lually to ~:ive ~I coarsc d:i.spersiorl. 'rh:is ~a9 then t:re~tcd ultra-sonica'L'L~ to :fo:rm a smo()th e~ ls:ioll.
~esin c':inished po'lyester/co-tton l'abric was rinsecl in dilutions o r these emlllsions in a paddle action washing -'1~- /-~,795 machine (Ilo-tpoint Superma-tic) using a ra~tio o-~ 17 li~tres of liquor -to 700g o~ :eabric ancl add:ing 10 ~nl o~ one o~ -the emulsions. The fabric l~as a~Jita-ted in -the liquor at room -tempera-ture -for 15 minu-tes, -then removecl ancl dried.
A panel of 20 assessors was aslced to smell -the clo-ths and all could de-tec-t the difference in per-fume level be-tween the cloths -trea-ted wi-th -the two emulsions. Those treated with D were stronger -than -those trea-ted ~i-th C; as would be expected from -the diEference in perf~lme con-ten-t o-f -the -two emulsions. Both -trea-ted ~abrics were much more s-trongly per~umecd -than one which had been rinsed in a suspension o-~
-the per-fume alone a-t -the same -to-tal concentra-tion wi-th reference -to per-fume ag from e~nuls-ion D.
~3~;ampl c V~ J~
lro ~ dispcr~io-n l~as prepar~d, by the Inethod le~cribe(l -in Exa~nple V[C, co~nprLsin~ ~tenryl stcarate (6~), a per~ume mixture ((~g), (listearyl dime-thyl ammonium ch:Loricle (1~) and water lOOg.
25 ml o-f this dispersion was then aclcled -to ~5 ml o~
a ~. 5~b dispersion o:E distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride in wa-ter. To a fur-ther sample of -the ~.5~ dispersion was acldcd the sanne per:Eume m:ixture, alone, -to a level of 0.20,b.
'L'hcse tt~o d:ispcxsic)n~ wer~ -then usecl for EinaL rinse trea-tment o~ ~ash loads.
- 1~ - /''' .
.. , ~ - ~
, ~' :
cC.795 Balanced launclry loacls contain~ing co-tton -terry -to~elling hancl-towels ~ere ~ashed in an ~EG Lava~at Regina drum -type washing machine ~ th an unperf-umed detergent produc-t using -the 60C l~ash programme. Each load l~as trea-ted, in the ~:lnal rinse, with one of -the above t~o dispersions. A~ter four loads had been -treated with each dispersion -the hand towels ~ere assessed by an expert panel -for softness. No significant differences ~ere :Eound bet~een the tl~O dispersions. However, the panel were unanimous that those -to~els -trea-ted with -the dispersion con-taining the carrier l~ere much more highly perf~ed -than -those -treated ~i-th -the dispersion con~taining -the per~ume mi~-ture alone.
Exam-ple IX
A clisporsion wa~ prep~lred, 'by the met'hod (le~cri'bed in 'l5 ~x~nl~)'lc 'VIL, compri~:in~ N,N-clitc~ o~ thano'lalllirlo (~
clisteaxy'l dimeth~'l amn~or~ oh'lotitle (0.5g) the optlca'L
brigh-tening agent, l-p-carbo~yme-thyl phenyl-3-~-chlorophenyl--pyrazoline (0.05g) and ~a-ter (100 ml).
A dilution o-f -this dispersion con-taining 50 mls in ~5 litres was used -to rinse ~ kg of non--fluorescent cotton -terry towels ~or 10 m:inutes at room -tem-pera~tuxe. ~ similar 'load O:e towels was r:insed in a solu-tion contain:ing 50 mls o~
a 0.5C/o dispcxsion O:r disteary'l dime-thyl ~mon:illm ch'Lorlcle ~ttempts to o'bta:in a 5~0 clispers:ion of' N,~-d:itallow ethanolamine as an addi-tional con-trol ~Yere ~successful.
_ 20 - /---.~ .
.. . . ..
c C.795 This formula-tion is an embodiment wherein the organic matri~ material pro~ides a desirable bene~i-t, i.e.
~abric softening. The fluorescer is nylon subs-tantive but has been made cot-ton substantive by use o~ the invention.
E~ample X
-16 pieces of co-t-ton terry -to~ielling (20 cms x 20 cms) were washed together a-t 60C for 15 mins in 3 li-tres o-~' a 0.4/0 solu-tion of a conventional laundry detergent. The pieces were rinsed -twice in cold wa-ter and separa-ted into -four se-ts - 10 of -four pieces for -the third rinse. The se-ts of four pieces were then rinsed fGr 5 mins in 800 ml cold wa-ter containing:
A - no-thing - thi~ ~as -the con-trol se-t.
B - 2 ml o:f' a dispersion, preparecl as in Example VII, comprising 5% para~Cin wax ancl 0.050,h tlistearyl 'lEj cl:iluethy'l amlllon:i~ml ctl:lo:r:ide.
C - 2 Ill'L o~ a 0.0~/0 (1:ig~:t'9:io:rl ~:e (I:ig t~l:ry~ n~ttlyL
ammonium chloricle.
D - 10 ml o-f a l/0 dispersion of paraf~in wax in wa-ter (a 5/0 dispersion was no-t suf-ficien~tly s-tnb'Le -to be usable).
~f-ter drying, -the fabr:ics were rearrangecl into se-ts oi` four fabrics where a set comprised one :fa'bYic f'rom each o:~ the treclt~llerlts. These sets ~et~e then a~ses~ecl ror sot'tness by a panel o~ 5 exper:iencecl aSSe9SOt'S. The Iorm oi~ assessment was to ranl~ the,clo-ths in each se-t l~i-th 1 poin-t being awarded 2 1 _ /
,.. . . . .. . . ... . . . .
, . .
' ~ ~
;. . ~.
4n~ cc .795 to the sof-tes-t cloth and ~ points to the harshest. Thus, i e one -treatment consis-tently ~ave -the sof-tes-t clo-th in each se-t the to-tal score eOr -tha-t trea-tment would be ~0.
Similarly, i e one -treatment consistently gave the harshest clo-th its total score would be 80.
The actual scores ~'or the above trea-tmen-ts were ~ C 55 Thus the control rinse A was no-t significan-tly di-leerent erom ~trea-tments C ana D. Treatmen-t B gave a signieican-tly so:e-ter set o e cloths. This resu:L-t ~as lo-und bccausc thore wa~ not orlough so:~tcrle:r alonc to malse a l~ s:lgnil':i.cant cl:L:e:t'cronco, but thc ~:o:Ltcncr alld p~lraf:f':ln wa~
gavo a slgnieicant ~I:il'l'crence when depositecl tog~t~l~r.
I
.
, --
Claims (15)
OR PRIVILEG IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A liquid formulation for fabric treatment comprising:
i) from 50% to 99.5% by weight of the total formulation of an aqueous phase; and ii) from 0.5% to 50% by weight of the total formulation of a first dispersed phase consisting of particles, comprising a mixture by weight of the dispersed phase of a) from 25% to 99% of a non-cationic organic material having a solubility in the aqueous phase of not more than 200 parts per million, b) from 0.5% -to 25% of cationic material having a sol-ubility in water not greater than 5g per litre at 25°C, and c) From 0.5% to 50% of one or more sensorialy perceiv-able materials selected from whitening agents, pigments, dyes, perfumes, fluorescers, fabric.
i) from 50% to 99.5% by weight of the total formulation of an aqueous phase; and ii) from 0.5% to 50% by weight of the total formulation of a first dispersed phase consisting of particles, comprising a mixture by weight of the dispersed phase of a) from 25% to 99% of a non-cationic organic material having a solubility in the aqueous phase of not more than 200 parts per million, b) from 0.5% -to 25% of cationic material having a sol-ubility in water not greater than 5g per litre at 25°C, and c) From 0.5% to 50% of one or more sensorialy perceiv-able materials selected from whitening agents, pigments, dyes, perfumes, fluorescers, fabric.
2. A liquid formulation according to claim 1 containing from about 0.5% to about 30% of a second dispersed phase compri-sing a fabric conditioning material.
3. A liquid formulation according to claim 2 wherein the fabric conditioning material is a fabric softener agent.
4. A liquid formulation according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the cationic material in the first dispersed phase is present in an amount of from about 2% to about 10% of the phase.
5. A liquid formulation according to claim 1 wherein the first dispersed phase is present in an amount up to about 10% by weight of the formulation.
6. A liquid formulation according to claim 5 wherein the first dispersed phase is present in an amount up to about 2%.
7. A liquid formulation according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the fabric conditioning material is present in an amount of from about 2% to about 15%.
8. A liquid formulation according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the sensorialy perceivable material is perceivable by the visual sense.
9. A liquid formulation according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the sensorialy perceivable material is perc-eivable by the olfactory sense.
10. A liquid formulation according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the sensorialy perceivable material is perceivable by the tactile sense.
11. A liquid formulation according to claim 1 wherein the solubility of the non-cationic organic material is not more than 50 parts per million.
12. A liquid formulation according to claim l, claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the sensorialy perceivable material is a perfume.
13. A liquid formulation according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the non-cationic organic material is selected from aliphatic alcohols containing from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, aliphatic alcohols ethoxylated with up to about 5 moles of ethylene oxide, and esters of the formula RCOOR1 with R and are each alkyl or alkenyl groups containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms.
14. A method of preparing a formulation according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the components of the first dispersed phase are melted together and then dispersed in the aqueous phase or a component thereof while in the molten state.
15. A method of preparing a formulation according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the components of the first dispersed phase are i) melted together, ii) allowed to solidify and iii) dispersed in the aqueous phase or a component thereof.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB31070/76 | 1976-07-26 | ||
| GB31070/76A GB1580205A (en) | 1976-07-26 | 1976-07-26 | Liquid systems |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1110409A true CA1110409A (en) | 1981-10-13 |
Family
ID=10317517
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA283,472A Expired CA1110409A (en) | 1976-07-26 | 1977-07-25 | Liquid systems |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (2) | JPS6051588B2 (en) |
| AR (1) | AR219707A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT371853B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU514931B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE856944A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7704876A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1110409A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH633842A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2732985A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK334477A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES460978A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2359928A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1580205A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1082792B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL181121C (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ184697A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE458035B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA774483B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU531802B2 (en) * | 1978-11-17 | 1983-09-08 | Unilever Ltd. | Fabric conditioning formulations |
| US4511495A (en) * | 1980-05-16 | 1985-04-16 | Lever Brothers Company | Tumble dryer products for depositing perfume |
| JPS59501257A (en) * | 1982-07-16 | 1984-07-19 | ベニスチ，ジユリアン | Deformable drive band anti-slip system and its application to pneumatic tires, conveyor belts, etc. |
| JPS6291600A (en) * | 1985-10-08 | 1987-04-27 | モベイ・コ−ポレ−シヨン | Detergent |
| US5413723A (en) * | 1993-12-17 | 1995-05-09 | Munteanu; Marina A. | Use of special surfactants to control viscosity in fabric softeners |
| FR2838459B1 (en) * | 2002-04-12 | 2004-10-01 | Pierre Combe | IMPREGNATED TEXTILE MATERIALS AND THEIR PRODUCTION METHOD |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1067723A (en) * | 1963-07-16 | 1967-05-03 | Unilever Ltd | Fabric conditioners |
| US3349033A (en) * | 1964-08-26 | 1967-10-24 | Millmaster Onyx Corp | Stable microbiologically active laundry softener |
| BE793339A (en) * | 1970-10-20 | 1973-06-27 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | ADDITIONAL LAUNDRY TREATMENT AGENT AND ITS PREPARATION PROCESS |
| US3703480A (en) * | 1970-11-16 | 1972-11-21 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Fabric-softener compositions |
| US3790484A (en) * | 1972-01-18 | 1974-02-05 | Blalock E | Fragrance-imparting laundering composition |
| US3915867A (en) * | 1973-04-24 | 1975-10-28 | Stepan Chemical Co | Domestic laundry fabric softener |
| US3974076A (en) * | 1974-01-11 | 1976-08-10 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Fabric softener |
-
1976
- 1976-07-26 GB GB31070/76A patent/GB1580205A/en not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-07-19 BE BE179466A patent/BE856944A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-20 NZ NZ184697A patent/NZ184697A/en unknown
- 1977-07-21 DE DE19772732985 patent/DE2732985A1/en active Granted
- 1977-07-22 ES ES460978A patent/ES460978A1/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-22 FR FR7722655A patent/FR2359928A1/en active Granted
- 1977-07-22 AU AU27253/77A patent/AU514931B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-25 JP JP52089145A patent/JPS6051588B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-25 SE SE7708530A patent/SE458035B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-25 DK DK334477A patent/DK334477A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-07-25 CA CA283,472A patent/CA1110409A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-25 BR BR7704876A patent/BR7704876A/en unknown
- 1977-07-25 IT IT68728/77A patent/IT1082792B/en active
- 1977-07-25 ZA ZA00774483A patent/ZA774483B/en unknown
- 1977-07-26 CH CH924077A patent/CH633842A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-26 NL NLAANVRAGE7708257,A patent/NL181121C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-26 AT AT0542377A patent/AT371853B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-26 AR AR268561A patent/AR219707A1/en active
-
1989
- 1989-07-17 JP JP1184388A patent/JPH02139479A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA774483B (en) | 1979-02-28 |
| JPH02139479A (en) | 1990-05-29 |
| DK334477A (en) | 1978-01-27 |
| JPH0433908B2 (en) | 1992-06-04 |
| AT371853B (en) | 1983-08-10 |
| JPS6051588B2 (en) | 1985-11-14 |
| CH633842A5 (en) | 1982-12-31 |
| IT1082792B (en) | 1985-05-21 |
| BE856944A (en) | 1978-01-19 |
| ATA542377A (en) | 1982-12-15 |
| DE2732985C2 (en) | 1990-11-29 |
| AR219707A1 (en) | 1980-09-15 |
| SE458035B (en) | 1989-02-20 |
| NZ184697A (en) | 1979-11-01 |
| FR2359928B1 (en) | 1982-12-03 |
| SE7708530L (en) | 1978-01-27 |
| ES460978A1 (en) | 1978-09-01 |
| AU2725377A (en) | 1979-01-25 |
| DE2732985A1 (en) | 1978-02-02 |
| FR2359928A1 (en) | 1978-02-24 |
| GB1580205A (en) | 1980-11-26 |
| BR7704876A (en) | 1978-04-25 |
| NL181121B (en) | 1987-01-16 |
| NL181121C (en) | 1987-06-16 |
| JPS5314896A (en) | 1978-02-09 |
| NL7708257A (en) | 1978-01-30 |
| AU514931B2 (en) | 1981-03-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |