CA1109303A - Method of anchoring a fastener to a base and anchoring bolt for use in same - Google Patents
Method of anchoring a fastener to a base and anchoring bolt for use in sameInfo
- Publication number
- CA1109303A CA1109303A CA317,171A CA317171A CA1109303A CA 1109303 A CA1109303 A CA 1109303A CA 317171 A CA317171 A CA 317171A CA 1109303 A CA1109303 A CA 1109303A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bore
- generally
- assembly
- section
- head
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010016256 fatigue Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000789 fastener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003334 potential effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B21/00—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings
- F16B21/10—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts
- F16B21/16—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts with grooves or notches in the pin or shaft
- F16B21/18—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts with grooves or notches in the pin or shaft with circlips or like resilient retaining devices, i.e. resilient in the plane of the ring or the like; Details
- F16B21/183—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts with grooves or notches in the pin or shaft with circlips or like resilient retaining devices, i.e. resilient in the plane of the ring or the like; Details internal, i.e. with spreading action
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
- F16B13/08—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
- F16B13/08—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation
- F16B13/0883—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation with split rings or wire between the threads of the dowel body or in grooves near a conical surface
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B2013/007—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose to be fastened in undercut holes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dowels (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A new method is disclosed of anchoring an expansible bolt assembly in a blind bore of a structure, a mine roof, a rock or the like. The bore is provided with at least on ra-dial groove which is arranged to receive a ring forming a part of the expansion bolt assembly, the bolt assembly also forming a part of the invention. The expansion ring is of malleable material which, on operation of the expansion assembly, be-comes embedded in the radial groove. Thus, the invention com-bines an extreme simplicity of the expansion bolt assembly with considerable improvement in the anchoring effect.
A new method is disclosed of anchoring an expansible bolt assembly in a blind bore of a structure, a mine roof, a rock or the like. The bore is provided with at least on ra-dial groove which is arranged to receive a ring forming a part of the expansion bolt assembly, the bolt assembly also forming a part of the invention. The expansion ring is of malleable material which, on operation of the expansion assembly, be-comes embedded in the radial groove. Thus, the invention com-bines an extreme simplicity of the expansion bolt assembly with considerable improvement in the anchoring effect.
Description
~"~
~93~`3 METHOD OF ANCHO~ING A FASTEN~R TO A BASE AND ANCHORIN(. BOLT
FOR USE IN SAME
The present invention relates to a method for anchoring a fastener to a base, particularly of the kype wherein an anchoring bolt is to be fixedly and permanently secured to a building structure which can only be provided with a blind hole.
The practice of utilizing so-called ex~ansion bolt in securing fasteners to bases such as pre-drilled blind holes in a masonary structure, in rock, in mine roofs or the like has long been known. Reference in this respect may be had to Canadian patent 849,807 (Gerhard) issued August 25, 1970, to U.S. patent 2,950,602 (Lang), issued August 30, 1960, to Canadian patent 948,450 (Kaufman) issued June 4, 1974, Can-adian patent 766,493 (McCulloch~ issued September 5, 1967, ~^and to many other prior art references.
In general, the presently used methods of securing fasteners such as bolts or the like to a blind hole in mason-ary, rock or the like reside in pro~iding a generaly cylindric opening in the base, of the type of a blind h-ole, then insert-ing an expansion bolt member therein, the expansion bolt mem-ber having a portion which, upon application of axial force, ` expands in radial direction to engage the walls of the hole thus securing the bolt or the like to the structure. Follow~
ing such operation the hole may be filled in with sealant, cement or the like. The expansion member used in known meth-ods is usually a flexible spring or the like. Regardless of the material used for the expansion member, the member ~ ~
.
.
' 3~'~3 inevitably becomes subject to fatigue which then reswlts in a certain reduction of radial force maintaining the fast-ener within the blind hole. Furthermore, the known expansion members of fasteners of th~s type are relatively complex and thus difficult and expensive to produce. Still another dis-advantage of known prior art methods is in that the force, by which the expansion bolt is maintained in the cylindric blind opening is dependent on the tightening force applied to the expansion member. In other words, if the axial force applied to the expansion member is insufficient, then undesirable dis-placement of the bolt within the blind hole may occur. In case of proposed resilient expanding members, there is poten-tial dan~er that displacement may occur upon release of the axial force normally used in expanding a portion of the bolts of the above t~pe.
It is an object of the present invention to provide ad-vance in the art of the above methods of anchoring a fastener to a base and also to provide a novel and useful anchoring bolt for use in the same such that not only is the permanent ¦ 20 anchoring more reliable than with known prior art put, at the I same time, the anchoring bolt is of the type wherein the fat-igue of the material o~ the expansion member is of nealigible ¦ consequence. Another object of the present invention is to ¦ provide an anchoring bolt assembly which would be of con-¦ 25 siderably simplified structure com~ared with prior art.
In general terms, the present invention provides, in one aspect thereof, a method of anchoring to a concrete, rock or the like base a fastener, said method comprising the steps of:
providing an anchoring bolt assembly of the type including a radially expansible collar member of malleable metallic material; dri~ g a generallv cylindric ~ore in said base, the diameter of said bore being complementarY to said anchor-ing bolt assembly to allow for insertion of the assemblv in said bore with one end face of the assembly resting on the bottom of said bore; reaming a radial groove in the wall of said bore, the groove being generally complementary with ; the periphery of said collar, the axial spacing of said 3/r~
.
groove from the bottom of the bore being ~enerall~ eaual to the axial spacing between said collar and said one end face of the assembly; and inserting said assembly into said bore and radially expanding said collar into simultan-i~ 5 eous engagement with said groove to permanently anchor said assembly within the bore.
In another aspect of the present invention, a method is ¦ provided of anchoring to a concrete, rock or the like base a fastener, said method comprising the steps of: providing an ¦ 10 anchoring bolt assembly of the type including an expansion member, said assembly comprising, in combination: an elongated ¦ bolt member having a generally cylindric head section at one ¦ end thereof, a threaded section at the other end thereof, and a generally cylindric stem provided with a thread at the end ¦ 15 thereof opposite to said head section; the diameter of said had being greater than that of said stem; said head having a generally frusto-conical shoulder section at a joinder bet-ween said head section and said stem, said shoulder section being convergent toward said threaded section; a generally cylindric sleeve means slidably disposed over said stem, the outside diameter of said sleeve means generally corresponding to the outside diameter of said head section, the axial length of said sleeve means being equal to or less than (lst-D) where-in 1st is the total length of the stem and D is the outside diameter of said threaded section; one end of said sleeve means facing said shoulder section of the head, said one end being generally frusto-conical and convergent toward said head; a nut engaging said threaded section and adapted to exert axial force on said sleeve means to urge same toward said head; a unitary, split collar member surrounding said stem and located between said shoulder section and the gen-erally frusto-conical end of said sleeve means, said collar member being made of malleable metallic material; retainer means at the threaded end of said stem for preventing the rotation of said bolt section relative to said bore; drilling a generally cylindric bore in said base, the diameter of said bore generally corresponding to the outside diameter of said r' sleeve means, the axial depth of said bore being in excess of the axial distance between the collar member and an end face of said head; reaming a peripheral groove in the wall of said bore, the spacing of said groove from the bottom of said bore ~ 5 being generally equal to the axial spacing between said collar .'J and the end face of said head, the shape of said groove being generally complementar~ to the peripheral shape of said collar;
inserting said anchoring assembly into said bore and radially expanding said collar so as to bring same into a generally radial engagement with said groove; whereby said collar per manently anchors said assembly within said bore b~ simultan-eously engaging said groove and said shoulder of said head.
In a still further aspect of the present invention, an anchoring bolt assembly is provided o~ the t~pe including an lS expansion collar member adapted to expand within a pre-drilled hole in a masonry, roc~ or the like material, said anchoring bolt assembly comprising, in combination: an elongated bolt member having a general~y cylindric head section at one end thereof and a generally cylindric stem provided with a thread-ed section at the end thereof opposite to said head section;the diameter of said head section being greater than that of said stem; said head section includ;ng a generally frusto-conical shoulder section at a joinder between said head sec-tion and said stem, said shoulder sec~ion being convergent toward said thread section; a generally cylindric sleeve means slidably disposed over said stem, the outside diameter o~ said sleeve means generally corresponding to the outside diameter of said head section, the axial length of said sleeve means being equal to or less than (lst-D), wherein 1st is the total length of the stem, and D is the outside diameter of said threaded section; one end of said sleeve means facing said shoulder section of said head, said one end of the sleeve means being generally frusto-conical and converging toward said head; a nut for engaging said thread section to exer~
force on said sleeve means to urge same toward said head; an integral,split collar member surroundi~g said stem and located between said shoulder section and the generally frusto-conical r~
end of said sleeve means, said collar member being made of a malleable metallic material whereby upon expansion, said collar member is capable fo retaining expanded state even in the absence of the force causing the expansion thereof.
Preferably, the sleeve means is an integral sleeve.
The outside diameter of the collar member in its con-tracted state is generally the same as the outside diameter of said sleeve, while the inside diameter of the collar mem-ber in its contracted state is generally the same as the out side diameter of the stem.
The invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying simplified drawings in which:
Figure 1 is an exploded view of the anchoring bolt assembly according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is the assembly of ~igure ~ shown in assembled state prior to the expansion of its expansion ring;
Figure 3 is a schematic side view, partly in section, of a reamer for use in the present invention;
Figure 4 is detail IV of figure 3;
Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bore made in a mine roof in accordance with the present invention;
Figure 6 (on the sheet of figure 1) is a schematic re-presentation showing the reamer of figure 3 at the beginning of its operation;
Figure 7 (on the sheet of figure 1) is similar to fig-ure 6 but shows the reamer in a position wherein the groove produced by same is finishedi Figure 8 shows the next step in the method of the pre-sent invention, namely insertion of the bolt assembly in thepre-formed bore;
Figure 9 shows the state of the bolt assembly, follow-ing the step as shown in figure 8; and Figure 10 shows the bolt assembly anchored in the bore, the bore being filled with a sealant.
Turning firstly to the representation of figure 1, the shown anchoring bolt assembly includes an expansion collar or I
ring 1 of circular cross-section. The ring 1 is splik along a groove 2 and is made of malleable material such as mild steel or the like. A head 3 forms a generally flat front face 4 and a rear conical surface 5, bevelled at approximately 45 as shown. The head 3 is provided with a threaded central hole 6 for receiving the front end_7 of a stem 8, the opposite end of stem 8 being provided wi~h a thread 9 whose size i5 suit-able for receiving a nut 10. Slidably disposed over stem 8 is an elongated sleeve 11 whose front end also displays a conical __ surface 12. As best seen from figure 2, the conical surface 12 is arranged to cooperate with conical s~lrface 5 of the head 3 in expanding ring 1 to a position generally as shown in fig-ure 9 at which opposed ends of the bevelled nortions 5 and 12 abut against each other with ring 1 in extended state. A
washer 13 can be placed between one end of the sleeve 11 and the nut 10 in a well known manner. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the length 1st of the stem 8 is greater than length lsl of the sleeve 11, to assure proper engagement between ~h~ead 9 and the nut 10. If D is the outside diameter of 9, then the general requirement lsl _ (lst D) is to be complied with.
Figure 2 shows that the diameter of the head section 3 is considerably greater than the diameter of stem 8. The out-side diameter of head 3 generally corresponds to that of sleeve 11 and also to the outside diameter of expansion ring 1 when the same is in contracted state as shown in figure 2.
A tool for use in the method of the present invention is a reamer as shown in figures 3, 4, 6 and 7. The basic structural features of a reamer are well known and are shown, for instance, in U.S. patent 2,521,947 ~Reeves) issued Sept-ember l2, 1950.
Since the operation of a reamer is known, the reamer is shown in a simplified, schematic form only. It comprises a generally cylindric body 14 whose one end is provided with a stem 15 terminating at a threaded end 16 for securing the tool to a suitable drilling machine or the like to impart pivotal movement to the body 1~.
~' ~ I
The front portion of the body 14 is recessed at 17, the recess being open at 18 to provide a slot-shaped passage for a cutter tool 19 pivota~ly secured to a pin 20. The shape of~ a tip 21 of the cutter tool 19 is best visible in enlarged 5 representation of figure 4. Figure 4 shows that the cutter has a generally rectangular rear end portion 22 and a convexly curved front end portion 23. The rear surface 24 of the cutter 19 is shown in engagement with a cam member 25 having the shape of a 90 cone and fixedly secured to a stem 26 protruding axially 10 centrally from the body 14. Since the stem 26 is axially dis-placeable as shown in broken lines of figure 3, it will be ap-preciated that axial displacement of cam 25 in the direction towards the interior of recess 17 will result in radial dis-placement of cutter tool 19 and vice versa. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the front portion of the I diamter 26 may be provided with an axial bearing and that many ¦ other features, for instance a spring Por urging the cutter 19 in a direction clockwise as viewed in figure 3 are not shown in the drawings for the sake of clarity.
When a fastener, for instance a threaded bolt generally of the tvpe of the assembly as shown in figure 2 is to he sec-ured in a hlind hole 27 of a roof 28 in a mine, the bore 27 is first drilled in a ]nown manner, the overall axial length of bore 27 being determined by the re~uired projection of the bolt or the like from the surface 29 of the roof. The diameter of bore 27 is sufficient to freely receive the exterior of body 14 of the reamer. When the desired length of bore 27 has been provided, the reamer 14 driven by a suitable drilling machine or the like (not shown) is inserted into pre-drilled bore 27.
Eventually, the stem 26 engages the bottom 30, to displace the cam 25 axially inwardly until retainer ring 32 engages the front ace of the body 1~, whereby the cutting tool 19 expands radially outwardly to eventually produce the groove 31 (figure 5). The spacing between the bottom 30 and groove 31 generally corresponds to the spacing between the ring 1 and the face of the head 3. Thus, when the groove is finished, the assembly ' ~:
. .
3~
of figure 2 can be inserted into the bore. On operating the nut 10, the sleeve 11 moves axially inwardly to expand the ring 1 in a well known fashionO Eventually, the ring 1 enters the groove 31. Since the ring 1 is made from a malleable mat-erial, it stays expanded even if the axial pressure of sleeve 11 should be released. It will thus be appreciated that the assembly as shown in figure 9 can no longer be removed from the bore 27. As a final step of the method, the entire as-sembly (or the assembly with the sleeve 11, the washer 13 and the nut 10 removed) is sealed by a sealant or cement, as in-dicated in figure 9.
Those skilled in the art will readily conceive further modifications of the present invention which ma~ differ to a greater or lesser degree from the above embodiments. For in-stance, the peripheral shape of the expansion ring need notnecessarily be circular or roun~ed as shown, even though it is believed that the rounded shape is preferable. The ream-ing tool itself can include many modifications. For instance one can readily conceive an idea of more than one radial
~93~`3 METHOD OF ANCHO~ING A FASTEN~R TO A BASE AND ANCHORIN(. BOLT
FOR USE IN SAME
The present invention relates to a method for anchoring a fastener to a base, particularly of the kype wherein an anchoring bolt is to be fixedly and permanently secured to a building structure which can only be provided with a blind hole.
The practice of utilizing so-called ex~ansion bolt in securing fasteners to bases such as pre-drilled blind holes in a masonary structure, in rock, in mine roofs or the like has long been known. Reference in this respect may be had to Canadian patent 849,807 (Gerhard) issued August 25, 1970, to U.S. patent 2,950,602 (Lang), issued August 30, 1960, to Canadian patent 948,450 (Kaufman) issued June 4, 1974, Can-adian patent 766,493 (McCulloch~ issued September 5, 1967, ~^and to many other prior art references.
In general, the presently used methods of securing fasteners such as bolts or the like to a blind hole in mason-ary, rock or the like reside in pro~iding a generaly cylindric opening in the base, of the type of a blind h-ole, then insert-ing an expansion bolt member therein, the expansion bolt mem-ber having a portion which, upon application of axial force, ` expands in radial direction to engage the walls of the hole thus securing the bolt or the like to the structure. Follow~
ing such operation the hole may be filled in with sealant, cement or the like. The expansion member used in known meth-ods is usually a flexible spring or the like. Regardless of the material used for the expansion member, the member ~ ~
.
.
' 3~'~3 inevitably becomes subject to fatigue which then reswlts in a certain reduction of radial force maintaining the fast-ener within the blind hole. Furthermore, the known expansion members of fasteners of th~s type are relatively complex and thus difficult and expensive to produce. Still another dis-advantage of known prior art methods is in that the force, by which the expansion bolt is maintained in the cylindric blind opening is dependent on the tightening force applied to the expansion member. In other words, if the axial force applied to the expansion member is insufficient, then undesirable dis-placement of the bolt within the blind hole may occur. In case of proposed resilient expanding members, there is poten-tial dan~er that displacement may occur upon release of the axial force normally used in expanding a portion of the bolts of the above t~pe.
It is an object of the present invention to provide ad-vance in the art of the above methods of anchoring a fastener to a base and also to provide a novel and useful anchoring bolt for use in the same such that not only is the permanent ¦ 20 anchoring more reliable than with known prior art put, at the I same time, the anchoring bolt is of the type wherein the fat-igue of the material o~ the expansion member is of nealigible ¦ consequence. Another object of the present invention is to ¦ provide an anchoring bolt assembly which would be of con-¦ 25 siderably simplified structure com~ared with prior art.
In general terms, the present invention provides, in one aspect thereof, a method of anchoring to a concrete, rock or the like base a fastener, said method comprising the steps of:
providing an anchoring bolt assembly of the type including a radially expansible collar member of malleable metallic material; dri~ g a generallv cylindric ~ore in said base, the diameter of said bore being complementarY to said anchor-ing bolt assembly to allow for insertion of the assemblv in said bore with one end face of the assembly resting on the bottom of said bore; reaming a radial groove in the wall of said bore, the groove being generally complementary with ; the periphery of said collar, the axial spacing of said 3/r~
.
groove from the bottom of the bore being ~enerall~ eaual to the axial spacing between said collar and said one end face of the assembly; and inserting said assembly into said bore and radially expanding said collar into simultan-i~ 5 eous engagement with said groove to permanently anchor said assembly within the bore.
In another aspect of the present invention, a method is ¦ provided of anchoring to a concrete, rock or the like base a fastener, said method comprising the steps of: providing an ¦ 10 anchoring bolt assembly of the type including an expansion member, said assembly comprising, in combination: an elongated ¦ bolt member having a generally cylindric head section at one ¦ end thereof, a threaded section at the other end thereof, and a generally cylindric stem provided with a thread at the end ¦ 15 thereof opposite to said head section; the diameter of said had being greater than that of said stem; said head having a generally frusto-conical shoulder section at a joinder bet-ween said head section and said stem, said shoulder section being convergent toward said threaded section; a generally cylindric sleeve means slidably disposed over said stem, the outside diameter of said sleeve means generally corresponding to the outside diameter of said head section, the axial length of said sleeve means being equal to or less than (lst-D) where-in 1st is the total length of the stem and D is the outside diameter of said threaded section; one end of said sleeve means facing said shoulder section of the head, said one end being generally frusto-conical and convergent toward said head; a nut engaging said threaded section and adapted to exert axial force on said sleeve means to urge same toward said head; a unitary, split collar member surrounding said stem and located between said shoulder section and the gen-erally frusto-conical end of said sleeve means, said collar member being made of malleable metallic material; retainer means at the threaded end of said stem for preventing the rotation of said bolt section relative to said bore; drilling a generally cylindric bore in said base, the diameter of said bore generally corresponding to the outside diameter of said r' sleeve means, the axial depth of said bore being in excess of the axial distance between the collar member and an end face of said head; reaming a peripheral groove in the wall of said bore, the spacing of said groove from the bottom of said bore ~ 5 being generally equal to the axial spacing between said collar .'J and the end face of said head, the shape of said groove being generally complementar~ to the peripheral shape of said collar;
inserting said anchoring assembly into said bore and radially expanding said collar so as to bring same into a generally radial engagement with said groove; whereby said collar per manently anchors said assembly within said bore b~ simultan-eously engaging said groove and said shoulder of said head.
In a still further aspect of the present invention, an anchoring bolt assembly is provided o~ the t~pe including an lS expansion collar member adapted to expand within a pre-drilled hole in a masonry, roc~ or the like material, said anchoring bolt assembly comprising, in combination: an elongated bolt member having a general~y cylindric head section at one end thereof and a generally cylindric stem provided with a thread-ed section at the end thereof opposite to said head section;the diameter of said head section being greater than that of said stem; said head section includ;ng a generally frusto-conical shoulder section at a joinder between said head sec-tion and said stem, said shoulder sec~ion being convergent toward said thread section; a generally cylindric sleeve means slidably disposed over said stem, the outside diameter o~ said sleeve means generally corresponding to the outside diameter of said head section, the axial length of said sleeve means being equal to or less than (lst-D), wherein 1st is the total length of the stem, and D is the outside diameter of said threaded section; one end of said sleeve means facing said shoulder section of said head, said one end of the sleeve means being generally frusto-conical and converging toward said head; a nut for engaging said thread section to exer~
force on said sleeve means to urge same toward said head; an integral,split collar member surroundi~g said stem and located between said shoulder section and the generally frusto-conical r~
end of said sleeve means, said collar member being made of a malleable metallic material whereby upon expansion, said collar member is capable fo retaining expanded state even in the absence of the force causing the expansion thereof.
Preferably, the sleeve means is an integral sleeve.
The outside diameter of the collar member in its con-tracted state is generally the same as the outside diameter of said sleeve, while the inside diameter of the collar mem-ber in its contracted state is generally the same as the out side diameter of the stem.
The invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying simplified drawings in which:
Figure 1 is an exploded view of the anchoring bolt assembly according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is the assembly of ~igure ~ shown in assembled state prior to the expansion of its expansion ring;
Figure 3 is a schematic side view, partly in section, of a reamer for use in the present invention;
Figure 4 is detail IV of figure 3;
Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bore made in a mine roof in accordance with the present invention;
Figure 6 (on the sheet of figure 1) is a schematic re-presentation showing the reamer of figure 3 at the beginning of its operation;
Figure 7 (on the sheet of figure 1) is similar to fig-ure 6 but shows the reamer in a position wherein the groove produced by same is finishedi Figure 8 shows the next step in the method of the pre-sent invention, namely insertion of the bolt assembly in thepre-formed bore;
Figure 9 shows the state of the bolt assembly, follow-ing the step as shown in figure 8; and Figure 10 shows the bolt assembly anchored in the bore, the bore being filled with a sealant.
Turning firstly to the representation of figure 1, the shown anchoring bolt assembly includes an expansion collar or I
ring 1 of circular cross-section. The ring 1 is splik along a groove 2 and is made of malleable material such as mild steel or the like. A head 3 forms a generally flat front face 4 and a rear conical surface 5, bevelled at approximately 45 as shown. The head 3 is provided with a threaded central hole 6 for receiving the front end_7 of a stem 8, the opposite end of stem 8 being provided wi~h a thread 9 whose size i5 suit-able for receiving a nut 10. Slidably disposed over stem 8 is an elongated sleeve 11 whose front end also displays a conical __ surface 12. As best seen from figure 2, the conical surface 12 is arranged to cooperate with conical s~lrface 5 of the head 3 in expanding ring 1 to a position generally as shown in fig-ure 9 at which opposed ends of the bevelled nortions 5 and 12 abut against each other with ring 1 in extended state. A
washer 13 can be placed between one end of the sleeve 11 and the nut 10 in a well known manner. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the length 1st of the stem 8 is greater than length lsl of the sleeve 11, to assure proper engagement between ~h~ead 9 and the nut 10. If D is the outside diameter of 9, then the general requirement lsl _ (lst D) is to be complied with.
Figure 2 shows that the diameter of the head section 3 is considerably greater than the diameter of stem 8. The out-side diameter of head 3 generally corresponds to that of sleeve 11 and also to the outside diameter of expansion ring 1 when the same is in contracted state as shown in figure 2.
A tool for use in the method of the present invention is a reamer as shown in figures 3, 4, 6 and 7. The basic structural features of a reamer are well known and are shown, for instance, in U.S. patent 2,521,947 ~Reeves) issued Sept-ember l2, 1950.
Since the operation of a reamer is known, the reamer is shown in a simplified, schematic form only. It comprises a generally cylindric body 14 whose one end is provided with a stem 15 terminating at a threaded end 16 for securing the tool to a suitable drilling machine or the like to impart pivotal movement to the body 1~.
~' ~ I
The front portion of the body 14 is recessed at 17, the recess being open at 18 to provide a slot-shaped passage for a cutter tool 19 pivota~ly secured to a pin 20. The shape of~ a tip 21 of the cutter tool 19 is best visible in enlarged 5 representation of figure 4. Figure 4 shows that the cutter has a generally rectangular rear end portion 22 and a convexly curved front end portion 23. The rear surface 24 of the cutter 19 is shown in engagement with a cam member 25 having the shape of a 90 cone and fixedly secured to a stem 26 protruding axially 10 centrally from the body 14. Since the stem 26 is axially dis-placeable as shown in broken lines of figure 3, it will be ap-preciated that axial displacement of cam 25 in the direction towards the interior of recess 17 will result in radial dis-placement of cutter tool 19 and vice versa. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the front portion of the I diamter 26 may be provided with an axial bearing and that many ¦ other features, for instance a spring Por urging the cutter 19 in a direction clockwise as viewed in figure 3 are not shown in the drawings for the sake of clarity.
When a fastener, for instance a threaded bolt generally of the tvpe of the assembly as shown in figure 2 is to he sec-ured in a hlind hole 27 of a roof 28 in a mine, the bore 27 is first drilled in a ]nown manner, the overall axial length of bore 27 being determined by the re~uired projection of the bolt or the like from the surface 29 of the roof. The diameter of bore 27 is sufficient to freely receive the exterior of body 14 of the reamer. When the desired length of bore 27 has been provided, the reamer 14 driven by a suitable drilling machine or the like (not shown) is inserted into pre-drilled bore 27.
Eventually, the stem 26 engages the bottom 30, to displace the cam 25 axially inwardly until retainer ring 32 engages the front ace of the body 1~, whereby the cutting tool 19 expands radially outwardly to eventually produce the groove 31 (figure 5). The spacing between the bottom 30 and groove 31 generally corresponds to the spacing between the ring 1 and the face of the head 3. Thus, when the groove is finished, the assembly ' ~:
. .
3~
of figure 2 can be inserted into the bore. On operating the nut 10, the sleeve 11 moves axially inwardly to expand the ring 1 in a well known fashionO Eventually, the ring 1 enters the groove 31. Since the ring 1 is made from a malleable mat-erial, it stays expanded even if the axial pressure of sleeve 11 should be released. It will thus be appreciated that the assembly as shown in figure 9 can no longer be removed from the bore 27. As a final step of the method, the entire as-sembly (or the assembly with the sleeve 11, the washer 13 and the nut 10 removed) is sealed by a sealant or cement, as in-dicated in figure 9.
Those skilled in the art will readily conceive further modifications of the present invention which ma~ differ to a greater or lesser degree from the above embodiments. For in-stance, the peripheral shape of the expansion ring need notnecessarily be circular or roun~ed as shown, even though it is believed that the rounded shape is preferable. The ream-ing tool itself can include many modifications. For instance one can readily conceive an idea of more than one radial
2^ grooves being provided for added security of the anchor. The threaded end 16 may be provided with suitable retainer means, e.g. a slot for engagement with a screwdriver, to prevent rot-¦ ation of stem 8 at the initial stage of tightening the nut 10.
It will thus be appreciated that many modifications may exist departing from the preferred embodiment as referred toabove but still falling within the scope of the present in-vention as set forth in the accompan~ing claims~
.. . : - :
,
It will thus be appreciated that many modifications may exist departing from the preferred embodiment as referred toabove but still falling within the scope of the present in-vention as set forth in the accompan~ing claims~
.. . : - :
,
Claims (9)
1. An anchoring bolt assembly of the type including an expansion collar member adapted to expand within a pre-drilled hole in a masonry, rock or the like material, said anchoring bolt assembly comprising, in combination:
(a) an elongated bolt member having a generally cylindric head section at one end thereof and a stem provided with a threaded section at the end thereof opposite to said head section;
(b) the diameter of said head section being greater than that of said stem;
(c) said head section including a generally frusto-concial shoulder section at a joinder between said head section and said stem, said shoulder section being convergent toward said thread section;
(d) a generally cylindric sleeve means slidably disposed over said stem, the outside diameter of said sleeve means gen-erally corresponding to the outside diameter of said head section, the axial length of said sleeve means being equal to or less than (1st-D), wherein 1st is the total length of the stem, and D is the outside diameter of said threaded section;
one end of said sleeve means facing said shoulder section of said head, said one end of the sleeve means being generally frusto-conical and converging toward said head;
(e) a nut for engaging said thread section to exert axial force on said sleeve means to urge same toward said head;
(f) an integral, split collar member surrounding said stem and located between said shoulder section and the generally frusto-conical end of said sleeve means, said collar member being made of a malleable metallic material whereby, upon expansion, said collar member is capable of retaining expanded state even in the absence of the force causing the expansion thereof.
(a) an elongated bolt member having a generally cylindric head section at one end thereof and a stem provided with a threaded section at the end thereof opposite to said head section;
(b) the diameter of said head section being greater than that of said stem;
(c) said head section including a generally frusto-concial shoulder section at a joinder between said head section and said stem, said shoulder section being convergent toward said thread section;
(d) a generally cylindric sleeve means slidably disposed over said stem, the outside diameter of said sleeve means gen-erally corresponding to the outside diameter of said head section, the axial length of said sleeve means being equal to or less than (1st-D), wherein 1st is the total length of the stem, and D is the outside diameter of said threaded section;
one end of said sleeve means facing said shoulder section of said head, said one end of the sleeve means being generally frusto-conical and converging toward said head;
(e) a nut for engaging said thread section to exert axial force on said sleeve means to urge same toward said head;
(f) an integral, split collar member surrounding said stem and located between said shoulder section and the generally frusto-conical end of said sleeve means, said collar member being made of a malleable metallic material whereby, upon expansion, said collar member is capable of retaining expanded state even in the absence of the force causing the expansion thereof.
2. An assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein said sleeve means is an integral sleeve.
3. An assembly as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the out-side diameter of said collar member in its contracted state is generally the same as the outside diameter of said sleeve.
4. An assembly as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the outside diameter of said collar member in its contracted state is generally the same as the outside diameter of said sleeve, the inside diameter of said collar member in its contracted state being generally the same as the outside diameter of said stem.
5. An assembly as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the outside diameter of said collar member in its contracted state is generally the same as the outside diameter of said sleeve, the inside diameter of said collar member in its contracted state being generally the same as the outside diameter of said stem, the collar member being of a generally circular cross-section.
6. Method of anchoring to a concrete, rock or the like base a fastener, said method comprising the steps of:
(a) providing an anchoring bolt assembly of the type including an expansion member, said assembly comprising, in combination:
(i) an elongated bolt member having a generally cylindric head section at one end thereof, a threaded section at the other end thereof, and a stem provided with a thread at the end thereof opposite to said head section;
(ii) the diameter of said head being greater than that of said stem;
(iii) said head having a generally frusto-conical shoulder section at a joinder between said head section and said stem, said shoulder section being convergent toward said threaded section, (iv) a generally cylindric sleeve means slidably disposed over said stem, the outside diameter of said sleeve means generally corresponding to the outside diameter of said head section, the axial length of said sleeve means being equal to or less than (1st-D), wherein 1st is the total length of the stem and D is the out-side diameter of said threaded section; one end of said sleeve means facing said shoulder section of the head, said one end being gener-ally frusto-conical and convergent toward said head;
(v) a nut engaging said threaded section and adapt-ed to exert axial force on said sleeve means to urge same toward said head;
(vi) a unitary, split collar member surrounding said stem and located between said shoulder section and the generally frusto-conical end of said sleeve means, said collar member be-ing made of malleable metallic material;
(vii) rotation preventing means at the threaded end of said stem for preventing the rotation of said bolt section relative to said bore;
(b) drilling a generally cylindric bore in said base, the diameter of said bore generally corresponding to the out-side diameter of said sleeve means, the axial depth of said bore being in excess of the axial distance between the collar member and an end face of said head;
(c) reaming a peripheral groove in the wall of said bore, the spacing of said groove from the bottom of said bore being generally equal to the axial spacing between said collar and the end face of said head, the shape of said groove being generally complementary to the peripheral shape of said collar;
(d) inserting said anchoring assembly into said bore and radially expanding said collar so as to bring same into a gen-erally radial engagement with said groove;
whereby said collar permanently anchors said assembly within said bore by simultaneously engaging said groove and said shoulder of said head.
(a) providing an anchoring bolt assembly of the type including an expansion member, said assembly comprising, in combination:
(i) an elongated bolt member having a generally cylindric head section at one end thereof, a threaded section at the other end thereof, and a stem provided with a thread at the end thereof opposite to said head section;
(ii) the diameter of said head being greater than that of said stem;
(iii) said head having a generally frusto-conical shoulder section at a joinder between said head section and said stem, said shoulder section being convergent toward said threaded section, (iv) a generally cylindric sleeve means slidably disposed over said stem, the outside diameter of said sleeve means generally corresponding to the outside diameter of said head section, the axial length of said sleeve means being equal to or less than (1st-D), wherein 1st is the total length of the stem and D is the out-side diameter of said threaded section; one end of said sleeve means facing said shoulder section of the head, said one end being gener-ally frusto-conical and convergent toward said head;
(v) a nut engaging said threaded section and adapt-ed to exert axial force on said sleeve means to urge same toward said head;
(vi) a unitary, split collar member surrounding said stem and located between said shoulder section and the generally frusto-conical end of said sleeve means, said collar member be-ing made of malleable metallic material;
(vii) rotation preventing means at the threaded end of said stem for preventing the rotation of said bolt section relative to said bore;
(b) drilling a generally cylindric bore in said base, the diameter of said bore generally corresponding to the out-side diameter of said sleeve means, the axial depth of said bore being in excess of the axial distance between the collar member and an end face of said head;
(c) reaming a peripheral groove in the wall of said bore, the spacing of said groove from the bottom of said bore being generally equal to the axial spacing between said collar and the end face of said head, the shape of said groove being generally complementary to the peripheral shape of said collar;
(d) inserting said anchoring assembly into said bore and radially expanding said collar so as to bring same into a gen-erally radial engagement with said groove;
whereby said collar permanently anchors said assembly within said bore by simultaneously engaging said groove and said shoulder of said head.
7. Method as claimed in claim 6, further including the step of removing said sleeve and said nut away from the assembly, when the collar member is expanded, whereby void space between said stem and said bore is increased.
8. Method as claimed in claim 6 or 7 further compri-sing the step of introducing into void space between the assembly and the bore a hardening sealant.
9. Method of anchoring to a concrete, rock or the like base a fastener, said method comprising the steps of:
(a) providing an anchoring bolt assembly of the type including a radially expansible collar member of a deformable metallic material having a low resiliency and disposed at a predetermined axial spacing from ends of said assembly;
(b) drilling a generally cylindric bore in said base, the diameter of said bore being complementary to said anchor-ing bolt assembly to allow for insertion of the assembly in said bore with one end face of the assembly resting on the bottom of said bore;
(c) reaming a radial groove in the wall of said bore, said grove being axially spaced from the bottom of said bore generally at said predetermined spacing and being generally complementary to the periphery of said collar, the axial spacing of said groove from the bottom of the bore being generally equal to the axial spacing between said collar and said one end face of the assembly; and (d) inserting said assembly into said bore and radially expanding said collar into simultaneous engagement with said groove to permanently anchor said assembly within the bore.
(a) providing an anchoring bolt assembly of the type including a radially expansible collar member of a deformable metallic material having a low resiliency and disposed at a predetermined axial spacing from ends of said assembly;
(b) drilling a generally cylindric bore in said base, the diameter of said bore being complementary to said anchor-ing bolt assembly to allow for insertion of the assembly in said bore with one end face of the assembly resting on the bottom of said bore;
(c) reaming a radial groove in the wall of said bore, said grove being axially spaced from the bottom of said bore generally at said predetermined spacing and being generally complementary to the periphery of said collar, the axial spacing of said groove from the bottom of the bore being generally equal to the axial spacing between said collar and said one end face of the assembly; and (d) inserting said assembly into said bore and radially expanding said collar into simultaneous engagement with said groove to permanently anchor said assembly within the bore.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA317,171A CA1109303A (en) | 1978-11-30 | 1978-11-30 | Method of anchoring a fastener to a base and anchoring bolt for use in same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA317,171A CA1109303A (en) | 1978-11-30 | 1978-11-30 | Method of anchoring a fastener to a base and anchoring bolt for use in same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1109303A true CA1109303A (en) | 1981-09-22 |
Family
ID=4113049
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA317,171A Expired CA1109303A (en) | 1978-11-30 | 1978-11-30 | Method of anchoring a fastener to a base and anchoring bolt for use in same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1109303A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2572668A1 (en) * | 1984-11-07 | 1986-05-09 | Vacelet Claude | Technical equipment allowing the shaping of a cylindrical assembly with set-in shoulder |
| EP1288382A2 (en) * | 2001-08-28 | 2003-03-05 | Emeca Oy | A joint for reinforced concrete pile sections |
-
1978
- 1978-11-30 CA CA317,171A patent/CA1109303A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2572668A1 (en) * | 1984-11-07 | 1986-05-09 | Vacelet Claude | Technical equipment allowing the shaping of a cylindrical assembly with set-in shoulder |
| EP1288382A2 (en) * | 2001-08-28 | 2003-03-05 | Emeca Oy | A joint for reinforced concrete pile sections |
| EP1288382A3 (en) * | 2001-08-28 | 2004-01-14 | Emeca Oy | A joint for reinforced concrete pile sections |
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