CA1105776A - Kitchen apparatus for producing farinaceous products - Google Patents
Kitchen apparatus for producing farinaceous productsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1105776A CA1105776A CA298,826A CA298826A CA1105776A CA 1105776 A CA1105776 A CA 1105776A CA 298826 A CA298826 A CA 298826A CA 1105776 A CA1105776 A CA 1105776A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- mixture
- kneading elements
- elements
- pasta
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)
- Manufacturing And Processing Devices For Dough (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
In a household machine for the production of food pastas, the improvement comprising a shaft mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis within a pasta mixing vat which shaft has a set of radially extending kneading elements detachably secured to said shaft. The dimensions of the shaft and elements and the spacing between the elements are chosen so as to provide a homogenous pasta mixture which avoids adhesion or encrustation of the pasta mixture around the shaft and bases of the elements. The shaft and kneading elements are preferably smooth and convex surface so that they can be quickly and thorougly cleaned. In addition, the shaft and kneading elements have no specific surfaces for guiding a pasta mixture and they drag the ingredients into a rotary motion which promotes the formation of lumps. These lumps constitute true and proper nucleii of initiation of the mixture, which gradually expand and little by little incorporate all the ingredients. The pressure which arises between these nucleii of the mixture becomes too great for them to move freely without mutual interference. However, these pressures involve mainly the various parts of the mixture, without exerting excessive forces on the shaft and kneading elements, in view of the relatively small area of the kneading elements. Thus, the machine can be operated with low-powered motors.
In particular; the arrangement of the kneading elements on the shaft results in negligable axial thrust on the shaft.
In a household machine for the production of food pastas, the improvement comprising a shaft mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis within a pasta mixing vat which shaft has a set of radially extending kneading elements detachably secured to said shaft. The dimensions of the shaft and elements and the spacing between the elements are chosen so as to provide a homogenous pasta mixture which avoids adhesion or encrustation of the pasta mixture around the shaft and bases of the elements. The shaft and kneading elements are preferably smooth and convex surface so that they can be quickly and thorougly cleaned. In addition, the shaft and kneading elements have no specific surfaces for guiding a pasta mixture and they drag the ingredients into a rotary motion which promotes the formation of lumps. These lumps constitute true and proper nucleii of initiation of the mixture, which gradually expand and little by little incorporate all the ingredients. The pressure which arises between these nucleii of the mixture becomes too great for them to move freely without mutual interference. However, these pressures involve mainly the various parts of the mixture, without exerting excessive forces on the shaft and kneading elements, in view of the relatively small area of the kneading elements. Thus, the machine can be operated with low-powered motors.
In particular; the arrangement of the kneading elements on the shaft results in negligable axial thrust on the shaft.
Description
~s~
This invention is directed to a pasta kneading machine of small size for household use.
Known are kneaders for industrial use, and hence ror the manufacture Or large quantities of food pasta.
These known machines carry out the kneading operation with the aid of' specially profiled beaters keyed onto one or more horizontal or ver~ical shafts, and which press the ingredients of the mixture against the walls of a container and mix it by guiding it in a slow rotary winding motion over broad surfaces of contact. -- -This method, which more or less reproduces the manual operations, in itself achieves excellent results from the point of view of the finished product, but re-quires considerable forces, necessitating bulky and ex-pensive construction for the beaters and all the moving parts, as well as high-powered motors.
,: :
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' ., . : - ', 7~
These requirements conf~1ct with the requirernents of a small electrical household appliance, which must have very limited power consumption compatible with a household operation and must have simple and economical construction, with the number of components reduced to the minimum so as to limit the need for maintenance operations.
The specific stresses cannot be reduced simply by reducing the size of the machine, that is to say by repro-ducing the same mechanisms in miniature and applying the same principles which govern the operation of the industrial machines. On the contrary, the mere reduction of dimensions can cause certain problems~which are secondary in industrial machines,to assume proportionally greater importance, to a point where they may even compromise the operation of the unit. Among these problems, for example5are those of en-crustations and sticking of the paste around the beater at shaft and/the base of the beaters, which in small machines ; come to occupy a part of the kneading mechanism sufficient to prevent completion of the mixing cycle.
; 20 The solution to the problem of realizing a small kneading machine for household use necessarily becomes, therefore~ the search for a kneading mechanism differing from the one employed in large, known kneading machines.
~:
;
~5~
l~le invented kneader solves the problem by conducting the mixing process not by means of uniform guided motions of the ingredients, but by means of the turbulence resulting from the mixing of the ingredients themselves through the action of a kneading arm.
Thus the present invention provides in a household machine for the production of food pastas, the improvement comprising a shafted mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis within a pasta mixing vat which shaft has a set of radially extending kneading elements detachably secured to said shaft.
Preferably the kneading elements &re spaced equidistantly along the shafts and each element is 90 out of phase to its adjacent element. Each element may comprise a bar of single length which passes through a transverse bore in the shaft and is secured thereto. The shaft can be removeably mounted within the mixing vat. Preferably the surfaces of the shaft and elements are smooth and convex. Finally, the dimensions of the shaft and elements and the spacing between the elements can be chosen so as to provide a homogenous pasta mixture which avoids adhesion or encrustation of the pasta mixture around the shaft and basis of the elements.
In a preferred embodiment, the kneading machine of the present in-vention mainly comprises a mixing container of a siæe suitable for average family consumption~ and of rounded shape, for example semi-cylindrical, and without sharp edges so that it can be quickly and thoroughly cleaned; a kneading arm : piaced horizontally, endowed with small elements of slmple form and restricted surface area; an electromo~or and speed-reducing assembly to drive the kneading arm. The reducing group consists of gears, preferably of plastic, nylon or the like with self-lubricating and electrically insulating properties so that any stray electric currents or currents derived from electrical faults in ~he driving apparatus will not be transmitted to the ;,~
f ~
' ' " `'; ','` . . ' '' '' - ..' "' "~ " "~ ..' ' ' ` ~ .
''- ~. ~ ' .~ . ' , :'' ' " ', '. ." . , .' ' ' .
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.
mixing vat9 which is accessible to the operator. A suitable s~itch, preferably fitted with a timer, feeds current to the motor; known safety devices will shut o;f the machine in the event of erroneous or dangerous handling by the operator.
The kneading arm comprises a shaft bearing vario~s arrays of beaters situated in different planes and dephased by a suitable angle (for example 90); these beaters are radial and are of simple shape, for example . ~ - '' : ' 77~
cylindrical, that is to say they have no specific surfaces for guiding the mixture, and they drag the ingredients into a rotary motion which promotes the formation of lumps. These lumps constitute true and proper nuclei of initiation of the mixture, which gradually expand and little by little encorporate all the ingredients; at this point, to mix the whole, the pressure which arises between these nuclei of the mixture becomes too great ~or them to move freely without mutual interference. However, these pressures involve mainly the various parts of the mixture, without exerting excessive forces on the kneading arm, in view of the small beater area. It thus becomes possible to operate even with :Low-powered motors. In particular, in view of the radial direction of the beaters and the balanced form of their profile, the axial thrustson the kneading arm are entirely negligible (theoretically zero). A particularly economical assembly of this arm on simple bushes is thus -possible, without the need for thrust bearings. The cons-truction of this kneading arm can be realized in an extremely economical way. It can, for example, consist of a simple shaft of stainless steel or similar material which combines good mechanical properties with the possibility of being ~ used in contact with foods, and which is pierced by holes - corresponding to each pair of beaters belonging to two arrays separated by 1~0. The beaters in this case will comprise rods of the same material as the shaft, of length equal to twice the height of spiral beaters plus an amount equal to will the diameter of the shaft, and J be accommodated symmetric-ally in said holes in the shaft. The locking of the beaters thus constituted can be achieved with a standard fastening dowel, or by broaching, or by pressure.
I'he height or span of the ~ters and the clearance between them is accurately determined so as to rea-lize a homogeneous mixture, avoiding adhesion or encrusta-tion on the part of the ingredients around the shaf`t and at the base of the beaters.
The depth of the beaters on the other hand, must be such as not to generate too high a peripheral velocity at the ends of the blades, which would result in a local fragmentation effect with consequent poor homogeneity of the mixture.
Another advantage of the kneading arm described above is the ease of cleaning the arm, in that it does not have angles, and all the surfaces to be cleaned are convex, well-spaced and accessible.
These and other characteristics and advantages of the invention become clear from the detailed description which follows, given by way of non-limiting example, of f~ 7~6 a small kneader for pastas, illustrated in the accom-panying drawing, where 9 ~ igure 1 represents a plan view of a kneader for household use according to the invention in a typical embodiment;
~ igure 2 represents a side elevation of the knea-ding arm;
- Figure 3 and 4 represent two front elevations of the kneading arm.
Referring to these drawings, the kneading machine comprises essentially a housing 1, preferably of self-supporting structure, made o:f p.lastic or sirnilar materlal that can be used -.I.n contact wi-th :foods~ wi~hln whi.ch~
in-tegral -therew:i.th, is a vat 1' for the mixture, p:re;ferably of rounded shape, semi-cylindrical, or the like; inside ; this vat 1' a kneading arm 2 turns horizontally.
This kneading arm comprises a shaft 2', preferably : of stainless steel or the like, to which beaters 2'~ are or attached by rigid keying/by insertion in sui.table holes and fastenlng with dowels or other suitable means. These bea-:~ ters are Or the same materlal as shaft 2'. The beaters are of cyllndrical or slmilar shape and of symmetrlcal cross-~- section, with a diameter of preferably less than the dia-are meter of shaft 2' and / radial in direction relatlve to the .~; .
.
__ _ . ~ .
77~i axis of rotation of kneading arm 2. Their number should be chosen as a function of the length of kneading arm 2 so that they can maintain an optimum pace and they are divided into arrays cr different planes and out of phase with each other by a suitable angle (for example 90).
At one end of shaft 2' there is a coupling device 2' "
which is integral with shaft 2'. This coupling element
This invention is directed to a pasta kneading machine of small size for household use.
Known are kneaders for industrial use, and hence ror the manufacture Or large quantities of food pasta.
These known machines carry out the kneading operation with the aid of' specially profiled beaters keyed onto one or more horizontal or ver~ical shafts, and which press the ingredients of the mixture against the walls of a container and mix it by guiding it in a slow rotary winding motion over broad surfaces of contact. -- -This method, which more or less reproduces the manual operations, in itself achieves excellent results from the point of view of the finished product, but re-quires considerable forces, necessitating bulky and ex-pensive construction for the beaters and all the moving parts, as well as high-powered motors.
,: :
: : , : : `
~;; , , -, ~"' ' ..
' ., . : - ', 7~
These requirements conf~1ct with the requirernents of a small electrical household appliance, which must have very limited power consumption compatible with a household operation and must have simple and economical construction, with the number of components reduced to the minimum so as to limit the need for maintenance operations.
The specific stresses cannot be reduced simply by reducing the size of the machine, that is to say by repro-ducing the same mechanisms in miniature and applying the same principles which govern the operation of the industrial machines. On the contrary, the mere reduction of dimensions can cause certain problems~which are secondary in industrial machines,to assume proportionally greater importance, to a point where they may even compromise the operation of the unit. Among these problems, for example5are those of en-crustations and sticking of the paste around the beater at shaft and/the base of the beaters, which in small machines ; come to occupy a part of the kneading mechanism sufficient to prevent completion of the mixing cycle.
; 20 The solution to the problem of realizing a small kneading machine for household use necessarily becomes, therefore~ the search for a kneading mechanism differing from the one employed in large, known kneading machines.
~:
;
~5~
l~le invented kneader solves the problem by conducting the mixing process not by means of uniform guided motions of the ingredients, but by means of the turbulence resulting from the mixing of the ingredients themselves through the action of a kneading arm.
Thus the present invention provides in a household machine for the production of food pastas, the improvement comprising a shafted mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis within a pasta mixing vat which shaft has a set of radially extending kneading elements detachably secured to said shaft.
Preferably the kneading elements &re spaced equidistantly along the shafts and each element is 90 out of phase to its adjacent element. Each element may comprise a bar of single length which passes through a transverse bore in the shaft and is secured thereto. The shaft can be removeably mounted within the mixing vat. Preferably the surfaces of the shaft and elements are smooth and convex. Finally, the dimensions of the shaft and elements and the spacing between the elements can be chosen so as to provide a homogenous pasta mixture which avoids adhesion or encrustation of the pasta mixture around the shaft and basis of the elements.
In a preferred embodiment, the kneading machine of the present in-vention mainly comprises a mixing container of a siæe suitable for average family consumption~ and of rounded shape, for example semi-cylindrical, and without sharp edges so that it can be quickly and thoroughly cleaned; a kneading arm : piaced horizontally, endowed with small elements of slmple form and restricted surface area; an electromo~or and speed-reducing assembly to drive the kneading arm. The reducing group consists of gears, preferably of plastic, nylon or the like with self-lubricating and electrically insulating properties so that any stray electric currents or currents derived from electrical faults in ~he driving apparatus will not be transmitted to the ;,~
f ~
' ' " `'; ','` . . ' '' '' - ..' "' "~ " "~ ..' ' ' ` ~ .
''- ~. ~ ' .~ . ' , :'' ' " ', '. ." . , .' ' ' .
': '. , ~ , ' ~ ~
.
mixing vat9 which is accessible to the operator. A suitable s~itch, preferably fitted with a timer, feeds current to the motor; known safety devices will shut o;f the machine in the event of erroneous or dangerous handling by the operator.
The kneading arm comprises a shaft bearing vario~s arrays of beaters situated in different planes and dephased by a suitable angle (for example 90); these beaters are radial and are of simple shape, for example . ~ - '' : ' 77~
cylindrical, that is to say they have no specific surfaces for guiding the mixture, and they drag the ingredients into a rotary motion which promotes the formation of lumps. These lumps constitute true and proper nuclei of initiation of the mixture, which gradually expand and little by little encorporate all the ingredients; at this point, to mix the whole, the pressure which arises between these nuclei of the mixture becomes too great ~or them to move freely without mutual interference. However, these pressures involve mainly the various parts of the mixture, without exerting excessive forces on the kneading arm, in view of the small beater area. It thus becomes possible to operate even with :Low-powered motors. In particular, in view of the radial direction of the beaters and the balanced form of their profile, the axial thrustson the kneading arm are entirely negligible (theoretically zero). A particularly economical assembly of this arm on simple bushes is thus -possible, without the need for thrust bearings. The cons-truction of this kneading arm can be realized in an extremely economical way. It can, for example, consist of a simple shaft of stainless steel or similar material which combines good mechanical properties with the possibility of being ~ used in contact with foods, and which is pierced by holes - corresponding to each pair of beaters belonging to two arrays separated by 1~0. The beaters in this case will comprise rods of the same material as the shaft, of length equal to twice the height of spiral beaters plus an amount equal to will the diameter of the shaft, and J be accommodated symmetric-ally in said holes in the shaft. The locking of the beaters thus constituted can be achieved with a standard fastening dowel, or by broaching, or by pressure.
I'he height or span of the ~ters and the clearance between them is accurately determined so as to rea-lize a homogeneous mixture, avoiding adhesion or encrusta-tion on the part of the ingredients around the shaf`t and at the base of the beaters.
The depth of the beaters on the other hand, must be such as not to generate too high a peripheral velocity at the ends of the blades, which would result in a local fragmentation effect with consequent poor homogeneity of the mixture.
Another advantage of the kneading arm described above is the ease of cleaning the arm, in that it does not have angles, and all the surfaces to be cleaned are convex, well-spaced and accessible.
These and other characteristics and advantages of the invention become clear from the detailed description which follows, given by way of non-limiting example, of f~ 7~6 a small kneader for pastas, illustrated in the accom-panying drawing, where 9 ~ igure 1 represents a plan view of a kneader for household use according to the invention in a typical embodiment;
~ igure 2 represents a side elevation of the knea-ding arm;
- Figure 3 and 4 represent two front elevations of the kneading arm.
Referring to these drawings, the kneading machine comprises essentially a housing 1, preferably of self-supporting structure, made o:f p.lastic or sirnilar materlal that can be used -.I.n contact wi-th :foods~ wi~hln whi.ch~
in-tegral -therew:i.th, is a vat 1' for the mixture, p:re;ferably of rounded shape, semi-cylindrical, or the like; inside ; this vat 1' a kneading arm 2 turns horizontally.
This kneading arm comprises a shaft 2', preferably : of stainless steel or the like, to which beaters 2'~ are or attached by rigid keying/by insertion in sui.table holes and fastenlng with dowels or other suitable means. These bea-:~ ters are Or the same materlal as shaft 2'. The beaters are of cyllndrical or slmilar shape and of symmetrlcal cross-~- section, with a diameter of preferably less than the dia-are meter of shaft 2' and / radial in direction relatlve to the .~; .
.
__ _ . ~ .
77~i axis of rotation of kneading arm 2. Their number should be chosen as a function of the length of kneading arm 2 so that they can maintain an optimum pace and they are divided into arrays cr different planes and out of phase with each other by a suitable angle (for example 90).
At one end of shaft 2' there is a coupling device 2' "
which is integral with shaft 2'. This coupling element
2 "' is preferably of fitted polygonal type and serves to connect kneading arm 2 to the output socket 3 (preferably polygonal) of the speed reducing assembly 4 and to transmit the drive forces without danger of slippage.
Speed-reducing assembly 4 is made up of gears preferably of plastic material, nylon or the like, with self-lubrica-ting and electrically insulating properties.
Speed reducing assembly 4 is driven through a junc-tion 5 by a motor 6. This motor is started by a suitable switch (not illustrated), preferably equipped with a timing device in order to select the optlmum mixing time, with interposition of suitable safety devices (not illustrated) of the microswitch or similar type, for example in order to stop motor 6 automatically if the cover (not illustrated of container 1' is opened and kneading arm 2 is exposed.
~5~7~
The end Or kneading arm 2 not connected to drive - socket 3 of speed reducing assembly 4 is supported by a slide or bush 7, preferably of plastic, nylon or similar material, with self-lubricating properties. This requi-rement is especially necessary in order to avoid conta-mination of the food substances in container 1' by lubri-cants. Absorpt:ion of the actual thrust forces of kneading arm 2 is sufficiently assured by means of special stops 7' on bush 7, or by washers (not illustrated), or the like.
Bush 7 is easily removable, for example by loose-ning lock screw 8, or by means of similar known systems, in order to permit removal of kneading arm 2 and, where applicable, the insertion of accessories (not illustrated) of the pasta-dough-drawing or pasta-dough-cutting type.
After assembling kneading arm 2 and locking support 7, the required ingredients of the mixture are introduced in proper proportion.into vat 1' and the required mixing time is selected on the timer. With the rotation of kneader arm 2 the ingredients are set in motion by beaters 2 " '~ producing lumps in the zone~of major turbulence.
These lumps grow progressively, gradually amassing addi-tional material until they constitute mlxture nuclei of sufficient size to exert mutual pressure on each other and pressure between the nuclei and the walls of vat l'; in .
' ' .
.
.. ... .
7~j this manner the nuclei join together to f-orm a homoge-neous block around kneading arm 2.
When the mixture is ready, the machine is automa-tically turned off by the timer, which, among other things, protects motor 6 against the dangers of overloading owing to the greater force required to turn arm 2 in the final mixture.
At this point the rnachine can be adapted to the pro-duction and cutting of the pasta dough. After looseni.ng lock screw ~, support 7 is removed and kneading arm 2, wrapped in pasta mixture~ is taken out. In place of support 7~ the desired pasta-dough-drawing or pasta-dough-cutting accessory is inserted, which is made to operate by motor 6 through a suitable transmission shaft (not illustrated). In a possible variant these accessories ean be inserted directly on speed-reducing assembly 4, which in this ease has a seeond coupling 3' from the part oppo-site soeket 3.
Speed-reducing assembly 4 is made up of gears preferably of plastic material, nylon or the like, with self-lubrica-ting and electrically insulating properties.
Speed reducing assembly 4 is driven through a junc-tion 5 by a motor 6. This motor is started by a suitable switch (not illustrated), preferably equipped with a timing device in order to select the optlmum mixing time, with interposition of suitable safety devices (not illustrated) of the microswitch or similar type, for example in order to stop motor 6 automatically if the cover (not illustrated of container 1' is opened and kneading arm 2 is exposed.
~5~7~
The end Or kneading arm 2 not connected to drive - socket 3 of speed reducing assembly 4 is supported by a slide or bush 7, preferably of plastic, nylon or similar material, with self-lubricating properties. This requi-rement is especially necessary in order to avoid conta-mination of the food substances in container 1' by lubri-cants. Absorpt:ion of the actual thrust forces of kneading arm 2 is sufficiently assured by means of special stops 7' on bush 7, or by washers (not illustrated), or the like.
Bush 7 is easily removable, for example by loose-ning lock screw 8, or by means of similar known systems, in order to permit removal of kneading arm 2 and, where applicable, the insertion of accessories (not illustrated) of the pasta-dough-drawing or pasta-dough-cutting type.
After assembling kneading arm 2 and locking support 7, the required ingredients of the mixture are introduced in proper proportion.into vat 1' and the required mixing time is selected on the timer. With the rotation of kneader arm 2 the ingredients are set in motion by beaters 2 " '~ producing lumps in the zone~of major turbulence.
These lumps grow progressively, gradually amassing addi-tional material until they constitute mlxture nuclei of sufficient size to exert mutual pressure on each other and pressure between the nuclei and the walls of vat l'; in .
' ' .
.
.. ... .
7~j this manner the nuclei join together to f-orm a homoge-neous block around kneading arm 2.
When the mixture is ready, the machine is automa-tically turned off by the timer, which, among other things, protects motor 6 against the dangers of overloading owing to the greater force required to turn arm 2 in the final mixture.
At this point the rnachine can be adapted to the pro-duction and cutting of the pasta dough. After looseni.ng lock screw ~, support 7 is removed and kneading arm 2, wrapped in pasta mixture~ is taken out. In place of support 7~ the desired pasta-dough-drawing or pasta-dough-cutting accessory is inserted, which is made to operate by motor 6 through a suitable transmission shaft (not illustrated). In a possible variant these accessories ean be inserted directly on speed-reducing assembly 4, which in this ease has a seeond coupling 3' from the part oppo-site soeket 3.
Claims (5)
PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In a household machine for the production of food pastas, the improvement comprising a shaft mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis within a pasta mixing vat which shaft has a set of radially extending kneading elements detachably secured to said shaft.
2. A machine as claimed in claim 1 wherein each set of kneading elements comprises a bar which passes through a respective transverse bore in the shaft and is secured thereto.
3. A machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein the shaft is re-movably mounted within the mixing vat.
4. A machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein the surfaces of the shaft and kneading elements are smooth and convex.
5. A machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein the dimensions of the shaft and kneading elements and the spacing between the kneading elements are chosen so as to provide rotary motion in a pasta mixture which promotes the formation of proper nuclei, which nuclei ensure homogenous incorporation of all ingredients.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT21.185A/77 | 1977-03-14 | ||
| IT2118577A IT1125761B (en) | 1977-03-14 | 1977-03-14 | Domestic dough mixer - with horizontal shaft withdrawable axially after detaching beating rods to facilitate cleaning |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1105776A true CA1105776A (en) | 1981-07-28 |
Family
ID=11178053
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA298,826A Expired CA1105776A (en) | 1977-03-14 | 1978-03-13 | Kitchen apparatus for producing farinaceous products |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1105776A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1125761B (en) |
-
1977
- 1977-03-14 IT IT2118577A patent/IT1125761B/en active
-
1978
- 1978-03-13 CA CA298,826A patent/CA1105776A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1125761B (en) | 1986-05-14 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |