CA1105229A - Snow shelter - Google Patents
Snow shelterInfo
- Publication number
- CA1105229A CA1105229A CA320,905A CA320905A CA1105229A CA 1105229 A CA1105229 A CA 1105229A CA 320905 A CA320905 A CA 320905A CA 1105229 A CA1105229 A CA 1105229A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- shelter
- snow
- net
- lattice
- extending
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Abstract
A snow shelter used for a building, cultivated land or traffic route includes a net or lattice erected thereover and, as occasion demands, on the side thereof. The snow shelter includes a net or lattice and a supporting frame by which the net or lattice is supported.
Description
~Q~2Z9 SUMMARY OF THE INV~MTIO~
The present invention relates to a snow shelter used for sheltering a building, cultivated l~nd (e.g, a garden), traffic route ~e.g. a railroad track~, or the like, wherein a net or lattice strong enough to withstand a snow load is erected thereover and, as occasion demands, on the side thereof.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a snow shelter which prevents snow from directly piling up on a building, cultivated land, a traffic route or the like, It is another o~ject of the present invention to provlde a snow shelter which protects the growth of plants and prevents traffic from being hindered by snow.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a snow shelter which stands wind pressure when the net or lattice is not snow-capped~
It is yet still another object of the present invention to provide a snow shelter in which the thawing of snow is acce-lerated by sunlight and wind so that the snow load applied to the net or lattice is smaller than that which would be directly applied to the building or cultivated land without the snow shelter in accordance with the present invention.
In one of its aspects, this invention provides a snow shelter comprising:
a rigid supporting structure formed of a plurality of ri~id supports adapted to be erected adjacent an area to be sheltered from driven or fallen snow;
a shelter member selected from the group consisting of a net having a mesh structure, a lattice structure formed by stringers and cross members extending between and connected to said stringers, and a lattice structure formed by woven lattice members; and .
~1~52Z~
1 said shelter member being rigidly fixed to and extending between said rigid supports.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAlqINGS
The above and other objects will become apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figs. la and lb are cross-sectional views of a net of a snow shelter according to the present invention, in which Fig. la and Fig. lb show the first and second stages of the accumulation of snow on the net, respectively;
Figs. 2 and 3 are perspective views showing how build-ings are sheltered by snow shelters;
Figs. 4a and 4b are a cross-sectional view and a front view, respectively, of an embodiment of a lattice whlch may be used in place of a net in the present invention;
Figs. 5a and Sb are a cross-sectional view and a front v~ew, respectively, of a still another embodiment of a lattice;
Figs. 6a and 6b are perspective views showing how cultivated land is sheltered by a snow shelter;
Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing how a garden is sheltered by a snow shelter;
Fig~ 8 is a perspective Yiew showing how a railroad track is sheltered from snow by means of nets;
Fig. 9a is a perspective view showlng how a railroad track is sheltered from snow by means of a lattice comprising angle bars extending across the spans between subposts propped up against steel towers;
Fig. 9b is a side view of the lattice shown in Fig. 9a;
Fig. 10 is a perspective view showing how a railroad track is sheltered ~rom snow by means of a net supported by arched girders; and ~1~15~29 Fig. 11 is a pexspectiye yiew showing how a hi~h level road is sheltered by the snow shelter, DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring now to Fig. 2 there is shown an embodiment of the present invention including a net 2, which is strong enough to withstand a snow load, and a supporting frame 6 by which the net 2 is supported horizontally over a building l, with a space 3 left between the roof of the building l and the net 2. The supporting frame 6 comprises upright posts 4 and beams 5, the beams extending so as to form a square or rectangular upper frame at the top of the posts.
At the first stage of snowfall, only a small portion of the snow piles up on the net 2 as shown in Fig. la, and the remaining portion of the snow falls through the meshes 12 of the net 2. Soon the snow ll piles up on the net 2 to such an extent that it blocks up the mesches 12 as shown in Fig. lb. Then the snow ll stops falling through the meshes 12 and lies thicker and thicker on the net 2.
On the other hand, the sun gradually melts the snow ll lying on the net 2 by directly shining on the top and the side thereof. The sunlight reflected by the ground melts the under surface of the snow ll lying on the net 2, Wind and rain melt the top, the side and the under surface thereof. Thus the quan-tity of snow lying on the net 2 is always smaller than the quantity of snow which would lie on the roof of a building or a plate type snow shelter, Melted snow falls through the meshes 12 and does not require any special drainage.
In contrast to the above-mentioned embodiment in which -the supporting frame 6 for supporting the net 2 is built up 3~
separately from the building 1, there is another embodiment as shown in Fig. 3 in which the four corner stiles of the building 1 1 are extended upwardly beyond the roof and used as the upright posts 4 for forming the supporting frame 6.
In order to protect the building 1 from the snow driving against it, the net may be vertically arranged by th~
side of the building 1. In this case, the net has only to be arranged at the side against which the snow drives most fre~uently.
Referring now to Figs. 6a and 6b, two em~odiments of the invention are shown in which cultivated land 13 is provided with snow shelters. The first embodiment shown in Fig. 6a is suited for snowy and windy provir.ces. The snow falling from above is caught by the net 2 which is put up horizontally over the cultivated land 13, while driven or blown snow is checked by the net 2' which fences the cultivated land 13. The net 2' can be done without in areas free from driven or blown snow. The second embodiment shown in Fig. 6b is suited for provinces characterized by windy weather and comparatively little snowfall.
Since driven snow is the principal factor to be taken into consi-deration in such provinces, the net is employed only to fence the cultivated land 13.
Referring now to Fig. 7, an embodiment of the inven-tion is shown in which a garden 13' adjacent a house is provided with a snow shelter. An edge of the net 2 extends to the ground, permitting the vertical portion of the net 2 to serve both as a snow fence and as a hedge. But, the vertical portion may be omitted, In an embodiment shown in Fig 8, steel towers 14 standing at intervals along a railroad track 15 and supporting aerial lines 16 are used for supporting the net 2 over the rail-road track 15. The net 2 is partitioned into sections at the same intervals as the span of the steel towers 1~, and is .
~1~5~;~9 slackened in the central part of each section so that the snow piling up on the net 2 may not slip down to the grouna In an embodiment shown in Fig. 11, the supporting frame 6 for supporting the net 2 is laid across a high level road 19.
The supporting frame 6 comprises upright posts 4 and beams 5.
The upright posts 4 are made of iron, concrete, wood, etc. and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of the road 19. Each beam 5 is supported at ~ts ends by a pair of symmetrically arranged upright posts 4. The supportlng rame 6 may comprise arched girders 20, as shown in Fig. 10, or cantilevers.
In the embodiments shown in Figs. 8 and 11, the vertical nets 2' are mounted on the sides of the steel towers 14 or the upright posts 4 in such a manner that the vertical net 2' is stretched in parallel with the railroad track 15 or the high level road 19, respect~vely, so that driven snow may be checked thereby. The net 2' can be omitted in those areas free from driven snow.
Preferably, the net 2 or 2' has about Q.5- to 5-cm meshes and is made of metal, synthetic resin, or synthetic resin coated metal. However, this limitation in mesh size is not restrictive according to the conditions of wind and snow under which the snow shelter in accordance with the present invention is used.
A lattice 2", as shown in Figs 4a and 4b, may be used in place of the net 2. The lattice 2" has long and slender meshes 12 formed by stringers 7 and cross members 8. The cross members ~ extend across the space between the stringers 7, and are connected therewith by connecting means 9 such as bolts and nuts. Holes 10 provided at regular intervals in the stringers Z~9 1 7 make the space between the cross members 8 adjustable accord-ing to the quantity of snowfall.
The lattice 2" may be of any other suitable structure, such as a woven structure as shown in Figs. 5a and 5b, or it may be formed by angle bars 17 as shown in Figs. 9a and 9b in which angle bars 17 extend across the spans between sub-posts 18 propped up against the steel towers 14. The L-shaped cross section of the angle bar 17 helps to check the snow falling aslant, i.e , from the top right-hand corner of Fig. 9b. The size of the cross section of the angle bar 17, as well as the vertical spacing between the angle bars 17, may be adjusted according to the quantity of snowfall.
The embodiments shown in Figs. 2 and 3 have an advan-tage that they free architects from the trouble of taking snow load into consideration in constructing a building in areas receiving snowfall. In addition, cultural properties and other superannuated buildings in these provinces can be e~sily preYented from being damaged by snow loads.
The embodiments shown in Figs. 6a, 6b and 7 have an advantage that farm work or the work necessary for flower growing can be done even while it snows. The embodiments shown in Figs.
8, 9a, 9b and 10 have an advantage that they protect the operation of trains from being hindered by snow and that, in case of the embodiment shown in Fig. 8, the use of special posts for support-ing the net can be avoided because of the steel towers 14 serving therefor. The embodiment shown in Fig. 11 has an advantage that, during the daytime, the road 19 is well lighted by the sunlight passing through the net 2.
With the snow shelter according to the present inven-tion, a larger quantity of snow melts per unit time as compared 11~5229 .
1 with the case where the snow piles up on the roof of a buildingor a plate type snow shelter, because sunlight, wind and rain not only melt the top and the side of the snow lying on the net or lattice, but also melt the under surface thereof. Because of this accelerated thawing of snow-, the net 2 or lattlce 2" and supporting frame 6 are subjected to smaller loads and hence require smaller strength than the conventional plate type snow shelter or the roo~ of the building d~rectly exposed to snowfall.
The snow shelter in accordance with the present inven-10 tion can be constructed at low cost and in a straight~orward -manner! It is~ o~ simple structure and yet sturdy enough to be used over a long period of time. Since the wInd blows through the meshes when the net or lattice is not snow-capped, it is seldom that the net or lattice is damaged by wind pressure. In case of the embod~ments shown in Figs. 6a, 6b and 7, plants grow up without hindrance because of sunlight, raln and wind admitted through the meshes~
While several embodiments o~ the present invention have been disclosed, it is to be understood that they have been given by way of example only and not in a limiting sense, the scope of the present inVention being dete~ined b~ the objects and the claims.
The present invention relates to a snow shelter used for sheltering a building, cultivated l~nd (e.g, a garden), traffic route ~e.g. a railroad track~, or the like, wherein a net or lattice strong enough to withstand a snow load is erected thereover and, as occasion demands, on the side thereof.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a snow shelter which prevents snow from directly piling up on a building, cultivated land, a traffic route or the like, It is another o~ject of the present invention to provlde a snow shelter which protects the growth of plants and prevents traffic from being hindered by snow.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a snow shelter which stands wind pressure when the net or lattice is not snow-capped~
It is yet still another object of the present invention to provide a snow shelter in which the thawing of snow is acce-lerated by sunlight and wind so that the snow load applied to the net or lattice is smaller than that which would be directly applied to the building or cultivated land without the snow shelter in accordance with the present invention.
In one of its aspects, this invention provides a snow shelter comprising:
a rigid supporting structure formed of a plurality of ri~id supports adapted to be erected adjacent an area to be sheltered from driven or fallen snow;
a shelter member selected from the group consisting of a net having a mesh structure, a lattice structure formed by stringers and cross members extending between and connected to said stringers, and a lattice structure formed by woven lattice members; and .
~1~52Z~
1 said shelter member being rigidly fixed to and extending between said rigid supports.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAlqINGS
The above and other objects will become apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figs. la and lb are cross-sectional views of a net of a snow shelter according to the present invention, in which Fig. la and Fig. lb show the first and second stages of the accumulation of snow on the net, respectively;
Figs. 2 and 3 are perspective views showing how build-ings are sheltered by snow shelters;
Figs. 4a and 4b are a cross-sectional view and a front view, respectively, of an embodiment of a lattice whlch may be used in place of a net in the present invention;
Figs. 5a and Sb are a cross-sectional view and a front v~ew, respectively, of a still another embodiment of a lattice;
Figs. 6a and 6b are perspective views showing how cultivated land is sheltered by a snow shelter;
Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing how a garden is sheltered by a snow shelter;
Fig~ 8 is a perspective Yiew showing how a railroad track is sheltered from snow by means of nets;
Fig. 9a is a perspective view showlng how a railroad track is sheltered from snow by means of a lattice comprising angle bars extending across the spans between subposts propped up against steel towers;
Fig. 9b is a side view of the lattice shown in Fig. 9a;
Fig. 10 is a perspective view showing how a railroad track is sheltered ~rom snow by means of a net supported by arched girders; and ~1~15~29 Fig. 11 is a pexspectiye yiew showing how a hi~h level road is sheltered by the snow shelter, DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring now to Fig. 2 there is shown an embodiment of the present invention including a net 2, which is strong enough to withstand a snow load, and a supporting frame 6 by which the net 2 is supported horizontally over a building l, with a space 3 left between the roof of the building l and the net 2. The supporting frame 6 comprises upright posts 4 and beams 5, the beams extending so as to form a square or rectangular upper frame at the top of the posts.
At the first stage of snowfall, only a small portion of the snow piles up on the net 2 as shown in Fig. la, and the remaining portion of the snow falls through the meshes 12 of the net 2. Soon the snow ll piles up on the net 2 to such an extent that it blocks up the mesches 12 as shown in Fig. lb. Then the snow ll stops falling through the meshes 12 and lies thicker and thicker on the net 2.
On the other hand, the sun gradually melts the snow ll lying on the net 2 by directly shining on the top and the side thereof. The sunlight reflected by the ground melts the under surface of the snow ll lying on the net 2, Wind and rain melt the top, the side and the under surface thereof. Thus the quan-tity of snow lying on the net 2 is always smaller than the quantity of snow which would lie on the roof of a building or a plate type snow shelter, Melted snow falls through the meshes 12 and does not require any special drainage.
In contrast to the above-mentioned embodiment in which -the supporting frame 6 for supporting the net 2 is built up 3~
separately from the building 1, there is another embodiment as shown in Fig. 3 in which the four corner stiles of the building 1 1 are extended upwardly beyond the roof and used as the upright posts 4 for forming the supporting frame 6.
In order to protect the building 1 from the snow driving against it, the net may be vertically arranged by th~
side of the building 1. In this case, the net has only to be arranged at the side against which the snow drives most fre~uently.
Referring now to Figs. 6a and 6b, two em~odiments of the invention are shown in which cultivated land 13 is provided with snow shelters. The first embodiment shown in Fig. 6a is suited for snowy and windy provir.ces. The snow falling from above is caught by the net 2 which is put up horizontally over the cultivated land 13, while driven or blown snow is checked by the net 2' which fences the cultivated land 13. The net 2' can be done without in areas free from driven or blown snow. The second embodiment shown in Fig. 6b is suited for provinces characterized by windy weather and comparatively little snowfall.
Since driven snow is the principal factor to be taken into consi-deration in such provinces, the net is employed only to fence the cultivated land 13.
Referring now to Fig. 7, an embodiment of the inven-tion is shown in which a garden 13' adjacent a house is provided with a snow shelter. An edge of the net 2 extends to the ground, permitting the vertical portion of the net 2 to serve both as a snow fence and as a hedge. But, the vertical portion may be omitted, In an embodiment shown in Fig 8, steel towers 14 standing at intervals along a railroad track 15 and supporting aerial lines 16 are used for supporting the net 2 over the rail-road track 15. The net 2 is partitioned into sections at the same intervals as the span of the steel towers 1~, and is .
~1~5~;~9 slackened in the central part of each section so that the snow piling up on the net 2 may not slip down to the grouna In an embodiment shown in Fig. 11, the supporting frame 6 for supporting the net 2 is laid across a high level road 19.
The supporting frame 6 comprises upright posts 4 and beams 5.
The upright posts 4 are made of iron, concrete, wood, etc. and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of the road 19. Each beam 5 is supported at ~ts ends by a pair of symmetrically arranged upright posts 4. The supportlng rame 6 may comprise arched girders 20, as shown in Fig. 10, or cantilevers.
In the embodiments shown in Figs. 8 and 11, the vertical nets 2' are mounted on the sides of the steel towers 14 or the upright posts 4 in such a manner that the vertical net 2' is stretched in parallel with the railroad track 15 or the high level road 19, respect~vely, so that driven snow may be checked thereby. The net 2' can be omitted in those areas free from driven snow.
Preferably, the net 2 or 2' has about Q.5- to 5-cm meshes and is made of metal, synthetic resin, or synthetic resin coated metal. However, this limitation in mesh size is not restrictive according to the conditions of wind and snow under which the snow shelter in accordance with the present invention is used.
A lattice 2", as shown in Figs 4a and 4b, may be used in place of the net 2. The lattice 2" has long and slender meshes 12 formed by stringers 7 and cross members 8. The cross members ~ extend across the space between the stringers 7, and are connected therewith by connecting means 9 such as bolts and nuts. Holes 10 provided at regular intervals in the stringers Z~9 1 7 make the space between the cross members 8 adjustable accord-ing to the quantity of snowfall.
The lattice 2" may be of any other suitable structure, such as a woven structure as shown in Figs. 5a and 5b, or it may be formed by angle bars 17 as shown in Figs. 9a and 9b in which angle bars 17 extend across the spans between sub-posts 18 propped up against the steel towers 14. The L-shaped cross section of the angle bar 17 helps to check the snow falling aslant, i.e , from the top right-hand corner of Fig. 9b. The size of the cross section of the angle bar 17, as well as the vertical spacing between the angle bars 17, may be adjusted according to the quantity of snowfall.
The embodiments shown in Figs. 2 and 3 have an advan-tage that they free architects from the trouble of taking snow load into consideration in constructing a building in areas receiving snowfall. In addition, cultural properties and other superannuated buildings in these provinces can be e~sily preYented from being damaged by snow loads.
The embodiments shown in Figs. 6a, 6b and 7 have an advantage that farm work or the work necessary for flower growing can be done even while it snows. The embodiments shown in Figs.
8, 9a, 9b and 10 have an advantage that they protect the operation of trains from being hindered by snow and that, in case of the embodiment shown in Fig. 8, the use of special posts for support-ing the net can be avoided because of the steel towers 14 serving therefor. The embodiment shown in Fig. 11 has an advantage that, during the daytime, the road 19 is well lighted by the sunlight passing through the net 2.
With the snow shelter according to the present inven-tion, a larger quantity of snow melts per unit time as compared 11~5229 .
1 with the case where the snow piles up on the roof of a buildingor a plate type snow shelter, because sunlight, wind and rain not only melt the top and the side of the snow lying on the net or lattice, but also melt the under surface thereof. Because of this accelerated thawing of snow-, the net 2 or lattlce 2" and supporting frame 6 are subjected to smaller loads and hence require smaller strength than the conventional plate type snow shelter or the roo~ of the building d~rectly exposed to snowfall.
The snow shelter in accordance with the present inven-10 tion can be constructed at low cost and in a straight~orward -manner! It is~ o~ simple structure and yet sturdy enough to be used over a long period of time. Since the wInd blows through the meshes when the net or lattice is not snow-capped, it is seldom that the net or lattice is damaged by wind pressure. In case of the embod~ments shown in Figs. 6a, 6b and 7, plants grow up without hindrance because of sunlight, raln and wind admitted through the meshes~
While several embodiments o~ the present invention have been disclosed, it is to be understood that they have been given by way of example only and not in a limiting sense, the scope of the present inVention being dete~ined b~ the objects and the claims.
Claims (13)
1. A snow shelter comprising:
a rigid supporting structure formed of a plurality of rigid supports adapted to be erected adjacent an area to be sheltered from driven or fallen snow;
a shelter member selected from the group consisting of a net having a mesh structure, a lattice structure formed by stringers and cross members extending between and connected to said stringers, and a lattice structure formed by woven lattice members; and said shelter member being rigidly fixed to and extending between said rigid supports.
a rigid supporting structure formed of a plurality of rigid supports adapted to be erected adjacent an area to be sheltered from driven or fallen snow;
a shelter member selected from the group consisting of a net having a mesh structure, a lattice structure formed by stringers and cross members extending between and connected to said stringers, and a lattice structure formed by woven lattice members; and said shelter member being rigidly fixed to and extending between said rigid supports.
2. A snow shelter as claimed in claim 1, wherein said rigid supports comprise vertical columns, and said shelter member is arranged substantially vertically between said columns.
3. A snow shelter as claimed in claim 1, wherein said rigid supports comprise vertical columns and horizontal beams extending between respective of said vertical columns, and said shelter member is arranged substantially horizontally between said beams.
4. A snow shelter as claimed in claim 3, wherein said beams form an enclosed horizontal frame structure.
5. A snow shelter as claimed in claim 3, further compris-ing an additional shelter member arranged substantially vertically between said columns.
6. A snow shelter as claimed in claim 1, wherein said area to be sheltered is the roof of a building, and said rigid
6. A snow shelter as claimed in claim 1, wherein said area to be sheltered is the roof of a building, and said rigid
Claim 6 continued .....
supports comprise vertical columns extending upwardly from the corners of the building.
supports comprise vertical columns extending upwardly from the corners of the building.
7. A snow shelter as claimed in claim 1, wherein said rigid supports comprise arched girders.
8. A snow shelter as claimed in claim 1, wherein said rigid supports comprise vertical towers erected at intervals on opposite sides of a railroad track and supporting aerial power lines for electric locomotives, and said shelter member is arranged substantially horizontally between said towers and extends along said track.
9. A snow shelter as claimed in claim 8, further compris-ing an additional shelter member extending between said towers on at least one side of said track and arranged substantially vertically.
10. A snow shelter as claimed in claim 8, further compris-ing a lattice arranged substantially vertically and extending between said towers on at least one side of said track.
11. A snow shelter as claimed in claim 1a, wherein said lattice comprises horizontally extending angle-shaped bars spanned between supplemental posts connected to said towers.
12. A snow shelter as claimed in claim 1, wherein said shelter member comprises a net having a woven mesh structure.
13. A snow shelter as claimed in claim 12, wherein said net has a mesh size of approximately 0.5 to 5 cm. and is formed of metal, synthetic resin or synthetic resin coated metal.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA320,905A CA1105229A (en) | 1979-02-06 | 1979-02-06 | Snow shelter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA320,905A CA1105229A (en) | 1979-02-06 | 1979-02-06 | Snow shelter |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA1105229A true CA1105229A (en) | 1981-07-21 |
Family
ID=4113466
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA320,905A Expired CA1105229A (en) | 1979-02-06 | 1979-02-06 | Snow shelter |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CA (1) | CA1105229A (en) |
-
1979
- 1979-02-06 CA CA320,905A patent/CA1105229A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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MKEX | Expiry |