CA1104449A - Efficiency heater - Google Patents
Efficiency heaterInfo
- Publication number
- CA1104449A CA1104449A CA313,001A CA313001A CA1104449A CA 1104449 A CA1104449 A CA 1104449A CA 313001 A CA313001 A CA 313001A CA 1104449 A CA1104449 A CA 1104449A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- heater
- jacket
- residual
- combustion chamber
- edge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Air Supply (AREA)
Abstract
EFFICIENCY HEATER
ABSTRACT
Three elements are secured together in new and unique fashion to form a heating unit, movable and installable as an integral unit and capable of obtaining maximum BTU's from the fuel used. These elements are (1) an outer jacket, which defines the design and outline of the heater, (2) an inner jacket, forming with the outer jacket a residual burning chamber, narrow in cross section and relatively high in vertical extent to provide maximum heat transfer surface, and (3) an A- or tent-shaped fire box or combustion chamber, enclosed by and secured to the inner and outer jackets. The tent-shaped fire box extends from the extreme lower end of the heater to its upper limit. The edges of the walls of the fire box are secured to outer and inner jackets in sealed relationship, dividing the areas within the heater into heat producing and heat conducting areas and clean air passage-ways. The configuration of the inner jacket 14 is an incomplete cylinder.
It has separated edges, each slanted to conform and attach to one of the slanted walls of the fire box. The broken away areas of the cylinder is triangular. One edge of the triangle is secured to an edge of the fire box wall. The other edge nests and attaches to the outer surface of the opposite wall and in the vacinity of a final vent. Thus access is provided to the residual burning chamber from the interior of the fire box, and egress therefrom is provided in the form of a final vent. The residual burning materials are thus conducted in a circular path around the clean air passageway, thus all possible energy units are extracted from whatever fuel is used.
ABSTRACT
Three elements are secured together in new and unique fashion to form a heating unit, movable and installable as an integral unit and capable of obtaining maximum BTU's from the fuel used. These elements are (1) an outer jacket, which defines the design and outline of the heater, (2) an inner jacket, forming with the outer jacket a residual burning chamber, narrow in cross section and relatively high in vertical extent to provide maximum heat transfer surface, and (3) an A- or tent-shaped fire box or combustion chamber, enclosed by and secured to the inner and outer jackets. The tent-shaped fire box extends from the extreme lower end of the heater to its upper limit. The edges of the walls of the fire box are secured to outer and inner jackets in sealed relationship, dividing the areas within the heater into heat producing and heat conducting areas and clean air passage-ways. The configuration of the inner jacket 14 is an incomplete cylinder.
It has separated edges, each slanted to conform and attach to one of the slanted walls of the fire box. The broken away areas of the cylinder is triangular. One edge of the triangle is secured to an edge of the fire box wall. The other edge nests and attaches to the outer surface of the opposite wall and in the vacinity of a final vent. Thus access is provided to the residual burning chamber from the interior of the fire box, and egress therefrom is provided in the form of a final vent. The residual burning materials are thus conducted in a circular path around the clean air passageway, thus all possible energy units are extracted from whatever fuel is used.
Description
~4~9 EFF I C IEN C~' H EATE R
BACKGROUND
In the past, sources of heating commodities, such as oil and gas have been considered to be inexhaustible. Measures for extracting the most possible energy units from the fuel being consumed was not considered necessary, practical or desirable.
Waste was normal. With the rising costs of these commodities and their availability and inexhaustibility becoming more and more into question, the market has become crowded with home heaters attempting to control waste, and to extract every possible BTU from the fuel beinq consumed. For a multiplicity of reasons, the efficiency sought has not been forthcoming.
Multiplicity of parts, difficult and complicated manufacturing processes, difficulty in installation, inefficiency in operation, frequent necessity for repair: these are some of the difficulties experienced.
The object of the present invention is, therefore, to provide a heater which overcomes these difficulties, to provide one which is easily manufactured, easily installed because of its integral nature and one which looks simple but which operates with extremely high efficiency, obtaining all possible energy units from the fuel used.
Complete combustion of fuel means less contamination of the atmosphere.
SUMMARY
A tent or A-shaped fire box extends from the lower to the upper limits of the heater, and functions as a combustion ~-chamber. It is enclosed in a unit which is comprised of concentric outer and inner jackets. The inner jacket is smaller . ' ' ' . ' .
. . ..
. : ' , . . . . ' . ' .
in diameter, and terminates a distance from the base of the outer jacket. It is an incomplete cyllnder having separated end edges which are cut at an angle to the vertical to conform and be attachable to the walls of the fire box. The inner jacket forms a residual burning chamber with tlle outer j~cket. The residual burning chamber cross section is narrow and relatively high in vertical dimension. Maximum surface is thus presented for heat transfer. The slanted fire box walls, extending as they do the entire height of the heater, also present maximum surface for heat transfer. Air entering the openings at the base of the outer jacket is heated immediately by heat transfer from the fire box walls and, as it travels upward, is further heated by both the ~ire box walls and by the wall of the residual burniny chamber. It will now be seen that maximum utilization of all of the elements of heat transfer, i.e.
convection, conduction, and radiation, have been realized and that the device is deceptively simple to install and use.
More particularly the invention pertains to a heater whicl has a combustion chamber of tent-shaped configuration. A pair of joined and slanted walls are on the combustion chamber which extends the entire vertical height of the heater. An outer jacket defines the outer configuration of the heater and the entire surface of each of the slanted walls presents a medium of heat exchange throughout their entire exterior surfaces.
Openings are located in the base area of the outer jacket to provide ingress for clean air at the base edge of each of the slanted walls. The base edges terminate at the lower limit of the outer jacket and adjacent to the openings, thereby presenting to clean air entering immediate heating and immediate upward convection to heated air outlet means. Additional 11~4~9 heating surface means are provided for transmitting heat to clean air, the additional heating surface means comprising an inner jacket located inside the outer jacket in the upper area of the heater and forming with the outer jacket a residual burning chamber. Means are provided for sealing the interior of the combustion chamber and the interior of the residual burnlng chamber from clean air being heated. The sealing means illcludes edges on the slanted walls, the edges having respective configurations which, in cooperative sealed relationship with at least a portion of the outer jacket and inner jacket, seal the combustion chamber and residual chamber from clean air being heated and further define conduit means for flow of gaseous products of combus-tion from the combustion chamber through the residual chamber to vent means associated with the residual combustion chamber.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is an angular perspective view of the device.
Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section on the line A--A of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view of the device taken on the line B--B of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a view of the tent or A-shaped member which constitutes the fire box side walls.
: .
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring more in detail to the drawings, the heating unit is designated by the numeral 10 and is comprised of three essential elements: an outer jacket 12, an inner jacket 14 and a tent or A-shaped fire box or combustion chamber 16.
.
The outer jacket 12 defines the ~3~,0 spacial limits of the heater except ' ~ .
?4~9 for an access door 13. The inner jacket 14 is an incomplete cylinder, having separated end edges 15 and 15' which are cut at an angle to the vertical to conform to the slanted walls of the fire box or combustion chamber 16 to which they are attached as will later be described.
In the preferred embodiment, the jackets 12 and 14 are de-scribed as cylindrical, and the fire box as A- or tent shaped.
The invention is not limited to these specific configurations, but within the scope of the claims, may be of other designs suited to various places of installation. For example, the jackets 12 and 14 may be rectangular.
These three elements, the outer and inner jackets 12 and 14 and the tent or A-shaped fire box 16 are secured together to form an integral unit 10, movable and installable as a unit. Three separate interior areas or chambers are formed, a combustion cham-ber 16, a residual burning chamber 18 and a pair of clean air passageways 20 and 21. The upper and lower ends, 17 and 19 re-spectively, close the toroidal residual burning chamber 18.
The manner in which these elements are assembled and attach-ed to each other is unique to the invention and an essential partof it~ A heater is produced that is deceptively simple to install and operate, and yet produces heat with extremely high efficiency.
Because of the manner later described of attachment of the walls of the fire box to inner and outer jackets, the base edges 22 and 24 coincide with the openings 26 and 28, so that air entering these openings is immediately heated, and immediately convected upward.
All attachments to be described are attachments that afford air tight seals to insure complete separation of combustion gases and the medium being heated r which in this specific instance is alr .
1~4~9~9 For purposes of this description, the edges of the slanted walls 30 and 30' of the fire box will be designated first edge, second edge, third edge and fourth edge reading counterclockwise. The first edge 34 is integral throughout its length and is secured throughout its len~th to the interior surface of the outer jacket 12. See 35 in Fig. 3. The upper portion of the second edge is cut away to form a shoulder 36, an upper segment 38 and a lower segment 40. The upper segment 3~
is secured to one of the separated edges of the inner jacket 14.
See 37 in Fig. 3. The lower segment 40 is secured to the inner surface of the outer jacket 12. The second separated edge of the partial cylinder or inner jacket 14 is secured to an outer face of the fire box wall 30 as shown at 31 in Figure 3. The angle to the vertical of each of the segments described is designed to meet and be secured to the walls o inner jacket 14, and outer jacket 12. The curve of the inner jacket may be modified so that the width of the upper end element is widened to accommodate a final vent 49.
The upper portions of the third and fourth edges have been cut away to form shoulders 48 and 48', upper segments 50 and 50' and lower segments 52 and 52'. The upper segments 50 and 50' are secured to the inner jacket 14 (see 53 and 53' in Fig. 3).
The last named lower segments 52 and 52' are secured to the inner surface of the outer jacket. The inner jacXet 14 rests on and is supported by the shoulders 36, 48 and 48'. The manner of attachment of the separated ends of the inner jacket to, first the segment 38, and second to the outer surface of the fire box at 31, provides commun~icatiQn between first box and residual burning chamber. At the same time complete sealing of the clean air passage from the burning materials is insured.
Materia]s used in manufacture may be cast iron, sheet steel - or any other heat resistant material.
While the invention is shown and described in connection ~1~4449 with one form for illustrative, rather than restrictive purposes~ it is obvious that changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims:
1~
, ' .
.
' :
.-- ~
~ ~ 6 ,
BACKGROUND
In the past, sources of heating commodities, such as oil and gas have been considered to be inexhaustible. Measures for extracting the most possible energy units from the fuel being consumed was not considered necessary, practical or desirable.
Waste was normal. With the rising costs of these commodities and their availability and inexhaustibility becoming more and more into question, the market has become crowded with home heaters attempting to control waste, and to extract every possible BTU from the fuel beinq consumed. For a multiplicity of reasons, the efficiency sought has not been forthcoming.
Multiplicity of parts, difficult and complicated manufacturing processes, difficulty in installation, inefficiency in operation, frequent necessity for repair: these are some of the difficulties experienced.
The object of the present invention is, therefore, to provide a heater which overcomes these difficulties, to provide one which is easily manufactured, easily installed because of its integral nature and one which looks simple but which operates with extremely high efficiency, obtaining all possible energy units from the fuel used.
Complete combustion of fuel means less contamination of the atmosphere.
SUMMARY
A tent or A-shaped fire box extends from the lower to the upper limits of the heater, and functions as a combustion ~-chamber. It is enclosed in a unit which is comprised of concentric outer and inner jackets. The inner jacket is smaller . ' ' ' . ' .
. . ..
. : ' , . . . . ' . ' .
in diameter, and terminates a distance from the base of the outer jacket. It is an incomplete cyllnder having separated end edges which are cut at an angle to the vertical to conform and be attachable to the walls of the fire box. The inner jacket forms a residual burning chamber with tlle outer j~cket. The residual burning chamber cross section is narrow and relatively high in vertical dimension. Maximum surface is thus presented for heat transfer. The slanted fire box walls, extending as they do the entire height of the heater, also present maximum surface for heat transfer. Air entering the openings at the base of the outer jacket is heated immediately by heat transfer from the fire box walls and, as it travels upward, is further heated by both the ~ire box walls and by the wall of the residual burniny chamber. It will now be seen that maximum utilization of all of the elements of heat transfer, i.e.
convection, conduction, and radiation, have been realized and that the device is deceptively simple to install and use.
More particularly the invention pertains to a heater whicl has a combustion chamber of tent-shaped configuration. A pair of joined and slanted walls are on the combustion chamber which extends the entire vertical height of the heater. An outer jacket defines the outer configuration of the heater and the entire surface of each of the slanted walls presents a medium of heat exchange throughout their entire exterior surfaces.
Openings are located in the base area of the outer jacket to provide ingress for clean air at the base edge of each of the slanted walls. The base edges terminate at the lower limit of the outer jacket and adjacent to the openings, thereby presenting to clean air entering immediate heating and immediate upward convection to heated air outlet means. Additional 11~4~9 heating surface means are provided for transmitting heat to clean air, the additional heating surface means comprising an inner jacket located inside the outer jacket in the upper area of the heater and forming with the outer jacket a residual burning chamber. Means are provided for sealing the interior of the combustion chamber and the interior of the residual burnlng chamber from clean air being heated. The sealing means illcludes edges on the slanted walls, the edges having respective configurations which, in cooperative sealed relationship with at least a portion of the outer jacket and inner jacket, seal the combustion chamber and residual chamber from clean air being heated and further define conduit means for flow of gaseous products of combus-tion from the combustion chamber through the residual chamber to vent means associated with the residual combustion chamber.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is an angular perspective view of the device.
Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section on the line A--A of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view of the device taken on the line B--B of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a view of the tent or A-shaped member which constitutes the fire box side walls.
: .
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring more in detail to the drawings, the heating unit is designated by the numeral 10 and is comprised of three essential elements: an outer jacket 12, an inner jacket 14 and a tent or A-shaped fire box or combustion chamber 16.
.
The outer jacket 12 defines the ~3~,0 spacial limits of the heater except ' ~ .
?4~9 for an access door 13. The inner jacket 14 is an incomplete cylinder, having separated end edges 15 and 15' which are cut at an angle to the vertical to conform to the slanted walls of the fire box or combustion chamber 16 to which they are attached as will later be described.
In the preferred embodiment, the jackets 12 and 14 are de-scribed as cylindrical, and the fire box as A- or tent shaped.
The invention is not limited to these specific configurations, but within the scope of the claims, may be of other designs suited to various places of installation. For example, the jackets 12 and 14 may be rectangular.
These three elements, the outer and inner jackets 12 and 14 and the tent or A-shaped fire box 16 are secured together to form an integral unit 10, movable and installable as a unit. Three separate interior areas or chambers are formed, a combustion cham-ber 16, a residual burning chamber 18 and a pair of clean air passageways 20 and 21. The upper and lower ends, 17 and 19 re-spectively, close the toroidal residual burning chamber 18.
The manner in which these elements are assembled and attach-ed to each other is unique to the invention and an essential partof it~ A heater is produced that is deceptively simple to install and operate, and yet produces heat with extremely high efficiency.
Because of the manner later described of attachment of the walls of the fire box to inner and outer jackets, the base edges 22 and 24 coincide with the openings 26 and 28, so that air entering these openings is immediately heated, and immediately convected upward.
All attachments to be described are attachments that afford air tight seals to insure complete separation of combustion gases and the medium being heated r which in this specific instance is alr .
1~4~9~9 For purposes of this description, the edges of the slanted walls 30 and 30' of the fire box will be designated first edge, second edge, third edge and fourth edge reading counterclockwise. The first edge 34 is integral throughout its length and is secured throughout its len~th to the interior surface of the outer jacket 12. See 35 in Fig. 3. The upper portion of the second edge is cut away to form a shoulder 36, an upper segment 38 and a lower segment 40. The upper segment 3~
is secured to one of the separated edges of the inner jacket 14.
See 37 in Fig. 3. The lower segment 40 is secured to the inner surface of the outer jacket 12. The second separated edge of the partial cylinder or inner jacket 14 is secured to an outer face of the fire box wall 30 as shown at 31 in Figure 3. The angle to the vertical of each of the segments described is designed to meet and be secured to the walls o inner jacket 14, and outer jacket 12. The curve of the inner jacket may be modified so that the width of the upper end element is widened to accommodate a final vent 49.
The upper portions of the third and fourth edges have been cut away to form shoulders 48 and 48', upper segments 50 and 50' and lower segments 52 and 52'. The upper segments 50 and 50' are secured to the inner jacket 14 (see 53 and 53' in Fig. 3).
The last named lower segments 52 and 52' are secured to the inner surface of the outer jacket. The inner jacXet 14 rests on and is supported by the shoulders 36, 48 and 48'. The manner of attachment of the separated ends of the inner jacket to, first the segment 38, and second to the outer surface of the fire box at 31, provides commun~icatiQn between first box and residual burning chamber. At the same time complete sealing of the clean air passage from the burning materials is insured.
Materia]s used in manufacture may be cast iron, sheet steel - or any other heat resistant material.
While the invention is shown and described in connection ~1~4449 with one form for illustrative, rather than restrictive purposes~ it is obvious that changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims:
1~
, ' .
.
' :
.-- ~
~ ~ 6 ,
Claims (3)
1. In a heater: a combustion chamber of tent-shaped configuration, a pair of joined and slanted walls on said combustion chamber, said combustion chamber extending the entire vertical height of the heater, an outer jacket defining the outer configuration of said heater, the entire surface of each of said slanted walls presenting a medium of heat exchange throughout their entire exterior surfaces, openings located in the base area of said outer jacket to provide ingress for clean air at the base edge of each of said slanted walls, said base edges terminating at the lower limit of said outer jacket and adjacent to said openings, thereby presenting to clean air entering immediate heating and immediate upward convection to heated air outlet means, additional heating surface means for transmitting heat to clean air, said additional heating surface means comprising an inner jacket located inside said outer jacket in said upper area of said heater and forming with said outer jacket a residual burning chamber, means for sealing the interior of said combustion chamber and the interior of said residual burning chamber from clean air being heated, said sealing means including edges on said slanted walls, said edges having respective configurations which, in cooperative sealed relationship with at least a portion of said outer jacket and inner jacket, seal said combustion chamber and residual chamber from clean air being heated and further define conduit means for flow of gaseous products of combustion from said combustion chamber through said residual chamber to vent means associated with said residual combustion chamber.
2. In the heater in accordance with claim 1 wherein these said edges comprise a first edge, a second edge, and third and fourth edges, said first edge being an integral line throughout its length, and being secured throughout its length to the inner surface of said outer jacket and in sealed relationship therewith, said second edge having an upper segment cut away to form a shoulder and a lower segment, said lower segment being secured to the inner surface of said outer jacket and in sealed relationship therewith, each of said third and fourth edges having upper portions cut away, forming upper and lower segments, said third and fourth upper segments being secured to said inner jacket and in sealed relationship therewith, said third and fourth lower segments being secured to the surface of said outer jacket and in sealed relationship therewith, said inner jacket being an incomplete enclosure having separated ends, said separated ends including first separated end and second separated end respectively, said conduit means including sealed attachment of the upper segment on said second edge to said first separated end of said inner jacket defining a residual combustion chamber opening, said second separated end of said inner jacket being in sealed attachment to an exterior surface of one of said slanted walls.
3. In a heater as claimed in claim 2, said vent means being in the upper area of said residual burning chamber adjacent said second separated end of said inner jacket and so located that gaseous products of combustion are conducted through said residual combustion chamber opening and throughout the extent of the residual burning chamber before reaching said vent means.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI773392 | 1977-11-11 | ||
| FI773,392 | 1977-11-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1104449A true CA1104449A (en) | 1981-07-07 |
Family
ID=8511218
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA313,001A Expired CA1104449A (en) | 1977-11-11 | 1978-10-10 | Efficiency heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1104449A (en) |
-
1978
- 1978-10-10 CA CA313,001A patent/CA1104449A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |