CA1101408A - Rock drill - Google Patents
Rock drillInfo
- Publication number
- CA1101408A CA1101408A CA311,735A CA311735A CA1101408A CA 1101408 A CA1101408 A CA 1101408A CA 311735 A CA311735 A CA 311735A CA 1101408 A CA1101408 A CA 1101408A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- drilling
- drill bit
- sleeve
- annular sleeve
- drilled
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/24—Drilling using vibrating or oscillating means, e.g. out-of-balance masses
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/02—Core bits
- E21B10/04—Core bits with core destroying means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
- E21B10/38—Percussion drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
- E21B10/40—Percussion drill bits with leading portion
Abstract
ROCK DRILL
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A rock drill system uses a high frequency, low energy per blow percussive drill device to drive a rock drill bit having a cylindrical sleeve and a breaking bar within the sleeve adjacent the cutting edge of the bit. The bit is operated without rotation and the low energy, high frequency enables operation without destroying the bit. A peening effect occurs around the outer circumference of the drilling end of the bit to create a slightly larger diameter than the diameter of the bit thereby enabling easy withdrawal from the hole.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A rock drill system uses a high frequency, low energy per blow percussive drill device to drive a rock drill bit having a cylindrical sleeve and a breaking bar within the sleeve adjacent the cutting edge of the bit. The bit is operated without rotation and the low energy, high frequency enables operation without destroying the bit. A peening effect occurs around the outer circumference of the drilling end of the bit to create a slightly larger diameter than the diameter of the bit thereby enabling easy withdrawal from the hole.
Description
0~4~8 This invention relates to rock drill systems and bits and rock drilling methods, particularly to drill systems using nonrotating bits.
Drill bits used for percussive drilling are of many different forms. Typically, however, rock drill bits have carbide elements or buttons made of relatively hard material selected to withstand the wear and erosion caused by the rotation and percussive forces applied during drilling.
Occasionally, cylindrical bits are used in soft material such as mud for drilling relatively shallow holes.
A rock drill bit according to this invention can often be cheaply manufactured, is adaptable to drilling a wide range of material, obtains superior results in many percussive applications, and has superior wear characteristics.
The objects and other advantages of this invention will be apparent from the following description.
According to a broad aspect of the present invention there is provided a rock drilling system which comprises a dril~ing means for producing a selected high frequency and low energy per blow periodic drilling force and for delivering the drilling force at the selected frequency to a drill bit without rotating the bit. A drill bit is connected to the drilling means and has an annular sleeve with a drilling end at one end of the annular sleeve.
~ ccording to a further broad aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of drilling through rock material by using a drill bit having an annular sleeve with a drilling end. The method comprises directing the drilling end of the sleeve into the material to be drilled, and applying a high frequency, low energy per low periodic drilling force onto th~ sleeve to drive it into the rock A ~ 1 11(314~
material while preventing significant rotation of the drill bit.
According to a still further broad aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rock drill bit for drilling through rock material without being significantly rotated by the force delivered by a high frequency, low energy per blow percussive device. The bit comprises an annular sleeve having a cutting end at one end of the sleeve and adapted to be connected to the percussive device at the other end.
Fig. 1 is a simplified schematic of a rock drill system according to this invention;
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional front view of a portion of a drill bit assembly and of a drill bit according to this invention usable in the system shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a partial, cross-sectional side view of the cutting end of the drill bit shown in Fig. 2 taken along line III-III of Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the cutting end of the drill bit shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is an end view of the drill bit shown in Fig. 2 taken along line V-V of Fig. 3 - la -~1014~8 .
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional side view of another drill bit acsording to this invention;
Fig. 7 is an end view of the bit shown in Fig. 6 taken along line VII--VII of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional side view of another drill bit according to this invention;
Fig. 9 is an end view of another drill bit according to this invention; and Fig. 10 is a split-sectional side view of the drill bit shown in Fig. 9 taken along line IX--IX.
Referring to Fig. 1, a rock drilling system comprises a drilling means 12 of any known type for producing a high frequency, low energy p~r blow periodic drilling force and for delivering the force to a drill bit without producing any significant rotation of the drill bit, in any known manner during normal drilling operation, and a drill bit aæsembly 14. The drilling means comprises a percussive drill device 13 or other device producing a periodic force suitable for drilling and a connecting means 16 for connecting the percussive device to the drill bit assembly and for transferring the energy from the percussive device to the drill ~it assembly. Percussive drill device 13 is of any known type that produces a high frequency at the bit and low energy per blow percussive drilling force and typically comprises a hydraullc or pneumatic mechanism that provides a cyclical hammer beat at a selected force. A high frequency in a typical application is and means in excess of the general range of five thousand beats per minute and preferably ~ 14C~8 higher, and a low energy is and means generally about one to ten foot pounds for smaller bits in the range of up to three inch diameter and ten to one hundred foot pounds for larger bits in the range of up to thirty-six inch diameter but higher energy levels would probably be used in practice because of the limitations of the current state of the art.
Connecting means 16 is of any known type and would typically comprise a drill rod or series of drill rods and connecting devices.
Referring to Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5, drill bit assembly 14 comprises a drill bit 22 and a coupler or interconnecting sleeve 26 connected in any manner to connecting means 16 ~hich comprises a connecting drill rod 24 connected to coupler 26. Bit 22 comprises an annular sleeve 23, typical-ly circular but of any cross-sectional form since the bit is not rotated, of a preselected thickness; a connecting end 25; a drilling or cutting end 29; a means for breaking chips produced by the drill bit that comprises a rod 27 within the internal portion or inner diameter of the bit near or adjacent but at a preselected distance from cutting end 29;
and a means for removing debris from the cutting area that comprises air holes 28. Cutting end 29 is smooth but a jagged or tooth arrangement could be used but would probably create no advantage since the projected area in contact with the rock would be the same. A small lip portion 30, shown only in Fig. 4, extends radially outwardly around the external perimeter of ~he cutting end of the bit to produce a greater outer diameter than thQ outer diameter of the main llQ14~8 body of the drill bit. This lip portion is relatively small, that is on the order of .0l to .l inches, selected depending on bit diameter, generally in the range of one-hundredth of the bit diameter in most cases, and may be provided upon initial manufacturing in any known manner or may be formed during use of the bit by the occurring peening effect created by the action of the drill on the material drilled.
Drill bit 22 and other bits according to this invention are preferabl~ constructed of a material ha~ing a hardness selected to be such that lip portion 30 is naturally formed and maintained during a drilling operation by peening as the drill is hammered by the percussive means into the drilled material. Wear or destruction of the bit is controlled by limiting the stress on the bit. Typically, suitable stress levels result in operating indentations into the drilled material per blo~ of-abo~t one-half to two mils in hard rock and a~out fi~e to fifteen mils to soft rock.
Ii the outwardly extending lip portion is not provided at ma~ufacture of the bit it will form during drilling.
Occasionally, it may be necessary to rotate the b~t for brief periods while applying the drilling force to heat ana soften the bit to create the desired peening and enhance the formation of the lip portion. This may be necessary and the lip portion needs to be formed if softer material is encoun-tered during initial drilling.
During drilling, the drilling or cutting end of the bit .
G140~
is directed into the material to be drilled and the per-cussive force from the drilling means is applied to the drill bit through the connecting means. This percussive force is selected to have a high frequency and low energy S per blow so that the drill bit will not be rapidly destroyed or deformed. To accomplish this, the relationships of the - hardness of the material being drilled, the hardness of the material of the bit, the thickness of the bit cutting en~, the frequency of percussion, and the energy applied per blow are selected to produce the greatest permissible penetration or indentation per blow without destroying or deforming the bit by the force of the blow. In this manner, readily available and less costly material may be used for the bit since the stresses applied to the bit are limited greatly as compared to typical drilling systems.
Percussive devices having relatively high frequency and low energy per blow are known in the art. Typically, for a drilling operation into limestone a frequency of ten thou-sand to one hundred thousand beats per minute with an energy range from three to thirty foot pounds and an AISI of 4340 at 50-55 Rockwell C hardness steel would produce the expected results.
In addition to controlling the relationship between the hardness of the drilled material, the hardness of the bit material, the bit thickness, the energy per blow, and the percussion frequency, it is important to hold the bit to prevent significant rotation during normal drilling.
Rotation causes unnecessary erosion and wear on the bit.
I~G14~8 -Contrary to expectations, the combination of forces and materials and the elimination of rotation results in even and consistent wear so that during drilling the drilling rate does not change as the drill bit wears since the drill rate is dependent on the bit face area in contact with rock.
If exceptionally varying materials are encountered, it may be desirable to rotate the bit between blows to even out wear.
Since the size of the bit may vary from ranges of about an inch to many inches or several feet in diameter, it is usually necessary to break up the pieces that are chipped out by the bit. In small bits nothing may be necessary, but larger bits have a means for breaking the formed chip into smaller components such as a rod 27 as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 5. As the bit digs deeper and the chip being formed moves upwardly inside the drill bit, the rod meets and beats against the chip to break it into smaller pieces. These smaller pieces are then drawn up through or around the drill rod in any manner known in the art.
The means for removing drilling debris is of any known type and typically comprises a means (not shownl for apply-ing a vacuum to the center of the drill bit through the drill rods so that chips are drawn up thr~ugh the center with air being drawn from around the outside or through air holes 28 as shown in Figs. 2 and 5.
Referring to Figs. 6 and 7, a bit 62 according to this invention has a connector 68 and a means for breaking the chip and comprises a sleeve portion 63 and a central portion , . ~
.
--` 1101408 65 of connector 68 that has a smaller diameter edge 66.
Chips formed within the inner diameter of portion 63 are broken up by edge 66 to a size small enough to pass up through an air passage 67 in connec~or 68 to the surface.
S Sleeve portion 63 is connected to sleeve connector 68 by a rod 69. Connector 68 also has air passages 64 for receiving air around thP outside of the connector to carry drilling debris. The air is drawn around the bit and cutting area and is drawn upwardly through passage 67.
For larger diameter bits, the means for breaking the chips formed could comprise additional rods similar to rod 27 as shown in Fig. 2, placed at angles to each other or it could comprise a series of concentric sleeves connected together to form a drill bit 33 as shown in Fig. 8. Drill bit 33 has an outer sleeve 34 that functions in the same manner as drill bit 22 shown in Fig. 2, and has rods 37 and 38 that generally function in the same manner as rod 27 shown in Fig. 2. In addition, a group of two concentrically positioned sleeves 35 and 36 are held by rods 37 and 38 within sleeve 34 to produce smaller chips able to be drawn upwardly by the vaccuum applied to central passages 39 and 31 of the drill bit as air is drawn down through an outer air passage 32 formed between sleeves 34 and 35.
Referring to Figs. 9 and 10, a drill bit 40 according to this invention is made in any known manner from selected material and comprises four concentric drill sleeves 41, 42, ¦ 43, and 44. Each of these sleeves has downwardly extending cutting ends 45, 46, 47, and 48, respectively, that function 110~4~8 in the same manner as the cutting ends of the drill bits shown in Figs. 2, 6, and 8. A lip portion 50 is formed around the outer perimeter of sleeve 41. A means for removing drilling debris comprises a means (not shown) for supplying air down the outer circumference of the connecting rods (not shown) and the outer circumference of a drill bit connector (not shown) through air passages to have air flowing over the drilling area to remove the debris upwardly through a central passage 51. The air path and passages carrying the air and de~ris are through vertical passages 49 into and along the path formed on the inner side of sleeve 41, out through passages 53, into both central passage 51 and into and along the path formed along the inner side of sleeve 42, out through passages 54, into both central passage 51 and the path formed on the inner side of sleeve 43, into and along the path formed along the inner side of sleeve 43, and out under cutting end 48 into central passage 51.
Drill bits used for percussive drilling are of many different forms. Typically, however, rock drill bits have carbide elements or buttons made of relatively hard material selected to withstand the wear and erosion caused by the rotation and percussive forces applied during drilling.
Occasionally, cylindrical bits are used in soft material such as mud for drilling relatively shallow holes.
A rock drill bit according to this invention can often be cheaply manufactured, is adaptable to drilling a wide range of material, obtains superior results in many percussive applications, and has superior wear characteristics.
The objects and other advantages of this invention will be apparent from the following description.
According to a broad aspect of the present invention there is provided a rock drilling system which comprises a dril~ing means for producing a selected high frequency and low energy per blow periodic drilling force and for delivering the drilling force at the selected frequency to a drill bit without rotating the bit. A drill bit is connected to the drilling means and has an annular sleeve with a drilling end at one end of the annular sleeve.
~ ccording to a further broad aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of drilling through rock material by using a drill bit having an annular sleeve with a drilling end. The method comprises directing the drilling end of the sleeve into the material to be drilled, and applying a high frequency, low energy per low periodic drilling force onto th~ sleeve to drive it into the rock A ~ 1 11(314~
material while preventing significant rotation of the drill bit.
According to a still further broad aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rock drill bit for drilling through rock material without being significantly rotated by the force delivered by a high frequency, low energy per blow percussive device. The bit comprises an annular sleeve having a cutting end at one end of the sleeve and adapted to be connected to the percussive device at the other end.
Fig. 1 is a simplified schematic of a rock drill system according to this invention;
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional front view of a portion of a drill bit assembly and of a drill bit according to this invention usable in the system shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a partial, cross-sectional side view of the cutting end of the drill bit shown in Fig. 2 taken along line III-III of Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the cutting end of the drill bit shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is an end view of the drill bit shown in Fig. 2 taken along line V-V of Fig. 3 - la -~1014~8 .
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional side view of another drill bit acsording to this invention;
Fig. 7 is an end view of the bit shown in Fig. 6 taken along line VII--VII of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional side view of another drill bit according to this invention;
Fig. 9 is an end view of another drill bit according to this invention; and Fig. 10 is a split-sectional side view of the drill bit shown in Fig. 9 taken along line IX--IX.
Referring to Fig. 1, a rock drilling system comprises a drilling means 12 of any known type for producing a high frequency, low energy p~r blow periodic drilling force and for delivering the force to a drill bit without producing any significant rotation of the drill bit, in any known manner during normal drilling operation, and a drill bit aæsembly 14. The drilling means comprises a percussive drill device 13 or other device producing a periodic force suitable for drilling and a connecting means 16 for connecting the percussive device to the drill bit assembly and for transferring the energy from the percussive device to the drill ~it assembly. Percussive drill device 13 is of any known type that produces a high frequency at the bit and low energy per blow percussive drilling force and typically comprises a hydraullc or pneumatic mechanism that provides a cyclical hammer beat at a selected force. A high frequency in a typical application is and means in excess of the general range of five thousand beats per minute and preferably ~ 14C~8 higher, and a low energy is and means generally about one to ten foot pounds for smaller bits in the range of up to three inch diameter and ten to one hundred foot pounds for larger bits in the range of up to thirty-six inch diameter but higher energy levels would probably be used in practice because of the limitations of the current state of the art.
Connecting means 16 is of any known type and would typically comprise a drill rod or series of drill rods and connecting devices.
Referring to Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5, drill bit assembly 14 comprises a drill bit 22 and a coupler or interconnecting sleeve 26 connected in any manner to connecting means 16 ~hich comprises a connecting drill rod 24 connected to coupler 26. Bit 22 comprises an annular sleeve 23, typical-ly circular but of any cross-sectional form since the bit is not rotated, of a preselected thickness; a connecting end 25; a drilling or cutting end 29; a means for breaking chips produced by the drill bit that comprises a rod 27 within the internal portion or inner diameter of the bit near or adjacent but at a preselected distance from cutting end 29;
and a means for removing debris from the cutting area that comprises air holes 28. Cutting end 29 is smooth but a jagged or tooth arrangement could be used but would probably create no advantage since the projected area in contact with the rock would be the same. A small lip portion 30, shown only in Fig. 4, extends radially outwardly around the external perimeter of ~he cutting end of the bit to produce a greater outer diameter than thQ outer diameter of the main llQ14~8 body of the drill bit. This lip portion is relatively small, that is on the order of .0l to .l inches, selected depending on bit diameter, generally in the range of one-hundredth of the bit diameter in most cases, and may be provided upon initial manufacturing in any known manner or may be formed during use of the bit by the occurring peening effect created by the action of the drill on the material drilled.
Drill bit 22 and other bits according to this invention are preferabl~ constructed of a material ha~ing a hardness selected to be such that lip portion 30 is naturally formed and maintained during a drilling operation by peening as the drill is hammered by the percussive means into the drilled material. Wear or destruction of the bit is controlled by limiting the stress on the bit. Typically, suitable stress levels result in operating indentations into the drilled material per blo~ of-abo~t one-half to two mils in hard rock and a~out fi~e to fifteen mils to soft rock.
Ii the outwardly extending lip portion is not provided at ma~ufacture of the bit it will form during drilling.
Occasionally, it may be necessary to rotate the b~t for brief periods while applying the drilling force to heat ana soften the bit to create the desired peening and enhance the formation of the lip portion. This may be necessary and the lip portion needs to be formed if softer material is encoun-tered during initial drilling.
During drilling, the drilling or cutting end of the bit .
G140~
is directed into the material to be drilled and the per-cussive force from the drilling means is applied to the drill bit through the connecting means. This percussive force is selected to have a high frequency and low energy S per blow so that the drill bit will not be rapidly destroyed or deformed. To accomplish this, the relationships of the - hardness of the material being drilled, the hardness of the material of the bit, the thickness of the bit cutting en~, the frequency of percussion, and the energy applied per blow are selected to produce the greatest permissible penetration or indentation per blow without destroying or deforming the bit by the force of the blow. In this manner, readily available and less costly material may be used for the bit since the stresses applied to the bit are limited greatly as compared to typical drilling systems.
Percussive devices having relatively high frequency and low energy per blow are known in the art. Typically, for a drilling operation into limestone a frequency of ten thou-sand to one hundred thousand beats per minute with an energy range from three to thirty foot pounds and an AISI of 4340 at 50-55 Rockwell C hardness steel would produce the expected results.
In addition to controlling the relationship between the hardness of the drilled material, the hardness of the bit material, the bit thickness, the energy per blow, and the percussion frequency, it is important to hold the bit to prevent significant rotation during normal drilling.
Rotation causes unnecessary erosion and wear on the bit.
I~G14~8 -Contrary to expectations, the combination of forces and materials and the elimination of rotation results in even and consistent wear so that during drilling the drilling rate does not change as the drill bit wears since the drill rate is dependent on the bit face area in contact with rock.
If exceptionally varying materials are encountered, it may be desirable to rotate the bit between blows to even out wear.
Since the size of the bit may vary from ranges of about an inch to many inches or several feet in diameter, it is usually necessary to break up the pieces that are chipped out by the bit. In small bits nothing may be necessary, but larger bits have a means for breaking the formed chip into smaller components such as a rod 27 as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 5. As the bit digs deeper and the chip being formed moves upwardly inside the drill bit, the rod meets and beats against the chip to break it into smaller pieces. These smaller pieces are then drawn up through or around the drill rod in any manner known in the art.
The means for removing drilling debris is of any known type and typically comprises a means (not shownl for apply-ing a vacuum to the center of the drill bit through the drill rods so that chips are drawn up thr~ugh the center with air being drawn from around the outside or through air holes 28 as shown in Figs. 2 and 5.
Referring to Figs. 6 and 7, a bit 62 according to this invention has a connector 68 and a means for breaking the chip and comprises a sleeve portion 63 and a central portion , . ~
.
--` 1101408 65 of connector 68 that has a smaller diameter edge 66.
Chips formed within the inner diameter of portion 63 are broken up by edge 66 to a size small enough to pass up through an air passage 67 in connec~or 68 to the surface.
S Sleeve portion 63 is connected to sleeve connector 68 by a rod 69. Connector 68 also has air passages 64 for receiving air around thP outside of the connector to carry drilling debris. The air is drawn around the bit and cutting area and is drawn upwardly through passage 67.
For larger diameter bits, the means for breaking the chips formed could comprise additional rods similar to rod 27 as shown in Fig. 2, placed at angles to each other or it could comprise a series of concentric sleeves connected together to form a drill bit 33 as shown in Fig. 8. Drill bit 33 has an outer sleeve 34 that functions in the same manner as drill bit 22 shown in Fig. 2, and has rods 37 and 38 that generally function in the same manner as rod 27 shown in Fig. 2. In addition, a group of two concentrically positioned sleeves 35 and 36 are held by rods 37 and 38 within sleeve 34 to produce smaller chips able to be drawn upwardly by the vaccuum applied to central passages 39 and 31 of the drill bit as air is drawn down through an outer air passage 32 formed between sleeves 34 and 35.
Referring to Figs. 9 and 10, a drill bit 40 according to this invention is made in any known manner from selected material and comprises four concentric drill sleeves 41, 42, ¦ 43, and 44. Each of these sleeves has downwardly extending cutting ends 45, 46, 47, and 48, respectively, that function 110~4~8 in the same manner as the cutting ends of the drill bits shown in Figs. 2, 6, and 8. A lip portion 50 is formed around the outer perimeter of sleeve 41. A means for removing drilling debris comprises a means (not shown) for supplying air down the outer circumference of the connecting rods (not shown) and the outer circumference of a drill bit connector (not shown) through air passages to have air flowing over the drilling area to remove the debris upwardly through a central passage 51. The air path and passages carrying the air and de~ris are through vertical passages 49 into and along the path formed on the inner side of sleeve 41, out through passages 53, into both central passage 51 and into and along the path formed along the inner side of sleeve 42, out through passages 54, into both central passage 51 and the path formed on the inner side of sleeve 43, into and along the path formed along the inner side of sleeve 43, and out under cutting end 48 into central passage 51.
Claims (38)
1. A rock drilling system comprising:
a drilling means for producing a selected high frequency and low energy per blow periodic drilling force and for delivering the drilling force at the selected frequency to a drill bit without rotating the bit; and a drill bit connected to the drilling means and having an annular sleeve with a drilling end at one end of the annular sleeve.
a drilling means for producing a selected high frequency and low energy per blow periodic drilling force and for delivering the drilling force at the selected frequency to a drill bit without rotating the bit; and a drill bit connected to the drilling means and having an annular sleeve with a drilling end at one end of the annular sleeve.
2. A drilling system according to claim 1 wherein said annular sleeve has a small lip portion extending radially outwardly around the outer perimeter of the drilling end of the annular sleeve.
3. A drilling system according to claim 2 wherein said drilling end of the annular sleeve is made of mate-rial selected to have a hardness relative to the hardness of the material to be drilled by said drilling end.
4. A drilling system according to claim 3 wherein said drilling means comprises a percussive drilling device connected to deliver a periodic percussive force to the annular sleeve.
5. A drilling system according to claim 3 also comprising a means located within the internal portion of the annular sleeve for breaking up pieces of drilled material created during drilling.
6. A drilling system according to Claim 5 wherein said drilling means produces a high frequency generally greater than five thousand beats per minute and an energy per blow of generally less than ten foot pounds.
7. A drilling system according to Claim 6 also compris-ing a means for removing debris from the cutting area that comprises an air flow system to supply air to the drill bit and to exhaust air from the drill bit.
8. A drilling system according to Claim 7 wherein the hardness of the material of the drilling end of the annular sleeve, the energy produced by the drilling means at each beat, and the frequency of the drilling means are selected in a relationship to obtain a maximum drilling rate into the drilled material without deforming the annular sleeve.
9. A drilling system according to Claim 8 wherein said drilling means produces a high frequency in the range of ten thousand to one hundred thousand beats per minute and energy per blow of the range of one to one hundred foot pounds.
10. A drilling system according to Claim 1 wherein said drilling means produces a high frequency generally greater than five thousand beats per minute and an energy per blow of generally less than ten foot pounds.
11. A drilling system according to Claim 1 wherein said drilling means produces a high frequency in the range of ten thousand to one hundred thousand beats per minute and energy per blow of the range of one to one hundred foot pounds.
12. A drilling system according to claim 1 wherein said drilling end of the annular sleeve is made of material selected to have a hardness relative to the hardness of the material to be drilled by said drilling end.
13. A drilling system according to claim 1 also comprising a means for breaking up pieces of drilled material created during drilling.
14. A drilling system according to claim 1 wherein said drilling means comprises a percussive drilling device connect-ed to deliver a percussive force to the annular sleeve.
15. A drilling system according to claim 14 wherein said annular sleeve has a small lip portion extending radially outwardly around the outer perimeter of the drilling end of said annular sleeve.
16. A drilling system according to claim 15 wherein said lip portion extends an amount of the magnitude of one tenth to one hundredth of an inch selected depending on bit diameter.
17. A drilling system according to claim 15 wherein said drilling means produces a high frequency in the range of ten thousand to one hundred thousand beats per minute and energy per blow of the range of one to one hundred foot pounds.
18. A drilling system according to claim 14 also comprising a means for breaking up pieces of drilled material created during drilling.
19. A drilling system according to claim 18 wherein said drilling means produces a high frequency generally greater than five thousand beats per minute and an energy per blow of generally less than ten foot pounds.
20. A drilling system according to claim 14 wherein said drilling end of the annular sleeve is made of material selected to have a hardness relative to the hardness of the material to be drilled by said drilling end.
21. A rock drill bit for drilling through rock material without being significantly rotated by the force delivered by a high frequency, low energy per blow percus-sive device comprising:
an annular sleeve having a cutting end at one end of the sleeve and adapted to be connected to the percussive device at the other end.
an annular sleeve having a cutting end at one end of the sleeve and adapted to be connected to the percussive device at the other end.
22. A drill bit according to claim 21 wherein said bit comprises a small lip portion extending radially outwardly around the external perimeter of the cutting end of the sleeve.
23. A drill bit according to claim 22 wherein said cutting end of the sleeve is made of material having a hardness selected relative to the hardness of the material to be drilled so that the drill bit is not significantly deformed during drilling.
24. A drill bit according to claim 23 wherein said cutting end of the sleeve is made of material having a hardness selected so that peening occurs during drilling to maintain the small lip portion.
25. A drill bit according to claim 23 also comprising a means located within the internal portion of the annular sleeve for breaking up pieces of drilled material created during drilling.
26 A drill bit according to claim 25 also comprising passages to supply and exhaust air.
27. A drill bit according to claim 22 also comprising a means located within the internal portion of the annular sleeve for breaking up pieces of drilled material created during drilling.
28. A drill bit according to claim 22 wherein said lip portion extends an amount of the magnitude of one tenth to one hundredth of an inch selected depending on bit diameter.
29. A drill bit according to claim 21 wherein said cutting end of the sleeve is made of material having a hard-ness selected to be slightly less than the hardness of the material to be drilled and selected so that the sleeve will not be significantly deformed during drilling.
30. A drill bit according to claim 29 made of material having a hardness selected so that peening occurs during drilling to form and maintain a small lip portion extending radially outwardly around the external perimeter of the cutting end of the sleeve.
31. A drill bit according to claim 30 also comprising passages to supply and exhaust air.
32. A drill bit according to claim 21 also comprising a means positioned within the inner diameter of the annular sleeve for breaking up chips of drill material formed by the cutting end of the sleeve.
33. A drill bit according to claim 32 wherein said means for breaking comprises a rod positioned within the inner diameter of the sleeve at a selected distance from the cutting end to break chips of drilled material formed by the cutting end of the sleeve.
34. A method of drilling through rock material by using a drill bit having an annular sleeve with a drilling end comprising:
directing the drilling end of said sleeve into the material to be drilled;
applying a high frequency, low energy per blow periodic drilling force onto the sleeve to drive it onto the rock material while preventing significant rotation of the drill bit.
directing the drilling end of said sleeve into the material to be drilled;
applying a high frequency, low energy per blow periodic drilling force onto the sleeve to drive it onto the rock material while preventing significant rotation of the drill bit.
35. A method according to claim 34 wherein the frequency is of the general magnitude of ten thousand to one hundred thousand blows per minute, and the blow energy of the general magnitude of one to one hundred foot pounds.
36. A method of drilling through rock material by using a drill bit having an annular sleeve with a drilling end and a preselected thickness; and made of a material having a hardness in relation to the hardness of material to be drilled selected so that under anticipated drilling conditions an outwardly extending small lip portion is created around the external perimeter of the drilling end of the sleeve by a peening effect, said method comprising:
directing the drilling end of said sleeve into the material to be drilled; and applying a high frequency and low energy per blow periodic drilling force onto the sleeve to drive it into the rock material while preventing significant rotation of the drill bit.
directing the drilling end of said sleeve into the material to be drilled; and applying a high frequency and low energy per blow periodic drilling force onto the sleeve to drive it into the rock material while preventing significant rotation of the drill bit.
37. A method according to claim 36 comprising rotating the drill bit for a brief period while applying the drilling force to slightly heat and soften the bit to thereby enhance the formation of the lip portion.
38. A method according to claim 36 wherein the fre-quency is of the general magnitude of five thousand to one hundred thousand blows per minute and said blow energy is of the general magnitude of one to one hundred foot pounds.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US84528377A | 1977-10-25 | 1977-10-25 | |
| US845,283 | 1977-10-25 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1101408A true CA1101408A (en) | 1981-05-19 |
Family
ID=25294856
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA311,735A Expired CA1101408A (en) | 1977-10-25 | 1978-09-21 | Rock drill |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS54109001A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1101408A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2846022A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2412679A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2006665B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE440114B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA785434B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI123572B (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2013-07-15 | Sandvik Mining & Constr Oy | Method and rock drilling device for drilling holes in rock |
| CN117646598B (en) * | 2024-01-30 | 2024-04-12 | 陕西延长石油矿业有限责任公司 | Mine-based two-stage drilling device and application method thereof |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1928451A (en) * | 1931-12-09 | 1933-09-26 | Hammerberg George | Rotary drill bit |
| GB620004A (en) * | 1947-01-01 | 1949-03-17 | Gen Electric Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to vibratory tools |
| US2854219A (en) * | 1954-11-22 | 1958-09-30 | Alvin S Macneil | Apparatus for deep well drilling |
| AT242579B (en) * | 1962-11-03 | 1965-09-27 | Artur Fischer | Process for the production of a hard metal drill, in particular for drilling in hard material such as concrete or stone |
| FR1374214A (en) * | 1963-11-15 | 1964-10-02 | Diamant Boart Sa | Method and machine for boring or drilling a soil |
| FR1395215A (en) * | 1964-04-30 | 1965-04-09 | Gardner Denver Co | Drilling tool and its manufacturing process |
| FR1500742A (en) * | 1966-11-21 | 1967-11-03 | Method and apparatus for drilling by acoustic vibrations and alternating rotations | |
| AU408715B2 (en) * | 1966-12-02 | 1970-12-04 | ERIC CLIFFORD BRAUMANN, FREDERICK WILLIAM REICHELT and CHARLES BRUCE HOPE | Anew and improved drilling unit |
| DE2558842A1 (en) * | 1975-12-27 | 1977-07-07 | Paul Schmidt | SELF-DRIVEN PNEUMATIC RAM DRILL, IN PARTICULAR FOR EARTH DRILLS |
| DE2642133A1 (en) * | 1976-09-18 | 1978-03-23 | Ruhrkohle Ag | Rotary and impact borehole drill operating system - varies frequency and amplitude to reduce power loss and noise (BE 20.3.78) |
-
1978
- 1978-09-21 CA CA311,735A patent/CA1101408A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-09-25 ZA ZA00785434A patent/ZA785434B/en unknown
- 1978-10-03 GB GB7839017A patent/GB2006665B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-10-19 FR FR7829819A patent/FR2412679A1/en active Pending
- 1978-10-23 DE DE19782846022 patent/DE2846022A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-10-24 SE SE7811060A patent/SE440114B/en unknown
- 1978-10-25 JP JP13058678A patent/JPS54109001A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS54109001A (en) | 1979-08-27 |
| DE2846022A1 (en) | 1979-04-26 |
| SE7811060L (en) | 1979-04-26 |
| FR2412679A1 (en) | 1979-07-20 |
| GB2006665A (en) | 1979-05-10 |
| SE440114B (en) | 1985-07-15 |
| GB2006665B (en) | 1982-07-14 |
| ZA785434B (en) | 1979-09-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |