CA1100064A - Enzyme marumes - Google Patents
Enzyme marumesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1100064A CA1100064A CA298,470A CA298470A CA1100064A CA 1100064 A CA1100064 A CA 1100064A CA 298470 A CA298470 A CA 298470A CA 1100064 A CA1100064 A CA 1100064A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- marumes
- weight
- enzyme
- fatty acids
- potassium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/20—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by expressing the material, e.g. through sieves and fragmenting the extruded length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
- C11D3/386—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
- C11D3/38672—Granulated or coated enzymes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract or the Disclosure The dust formation which may occur when enzyme marumes are crushed under pressure is reduced, when the marumes are made from potassium fatty acid soaps.
Description
11~0064 l,ackgrourld Or the invention Field Or the invention ______________________ The present invention relates to particulate enzyme preparations, which consist of solid spheronized particles, also called "marumes".
Descri~tion of the ~rior art ______ ____________ ________ Enzyme-containing marumes are well-known. These marumes are solid granules containing enzymes homogeneously distributed therethrough, and are usually prepared by extruding a mix-ture of enzymes and organic or inorganic extrudable material, to form an extrudate, and subsequently spheronizing said extrudate by tangential forces in an apparatus which com-prises a cylinder with a smooth wall having positioned therein a roughened, horizontal rotatable table.
The extrudate, for example noodles, is fed into this apparatus, and by the centrifugal forces exerted upon the noodles by the rotation of the table, the noodles are ; transformed into spheronized granules, called marumes.
The apparatus is known in the art under the registered ~arK
B 20 trade n~me "Marumerizer", manufactured by Fuji Paudal KK, Japan. The apparatus is more fully described in German Patent Specification 1,294,351 and US Patent Specification 3,277,520.
Enzyme rnarumes and their method Or preparation have been described in UK Patent Specification 1,362,365 (Novo) and US Patent Specification 3,775,331 (Borrello). According to UK
Patent Specification 1,362,365, the extrudate is prepared from enzyme powder which may contain lubricating agents,
Descri~tion of the ~rior art ______ ____________ ________ Enzyme-containing marumes are well-known. These marumes are solid granules containing enzymes homogeneously distributed therethrough, and are usually prepared by extruding a mix-ture of enzymes and organic or inorganic extrudable material, to form an extrudate, and subsequently spheronizing said extrudate by tangential forces in an apparatus which com-prises a cylinder with a smooth wall having positioned therein a roughened, horizontal rotatable table.
The extrudate, for example noodles, is fed into this apparatus, and by the centrifugal forces exerted upon the noodles by the rotation of the table, the noodles are ; transformed into spheronized granules, called marumes.
The apparatus is known in the art under the registered ~arK
B 20 trade n~me "Marumerizer", manufactured by Fuji Paudal KK, Japan. The apparatus is more fully described in German Patent Specification 1,294,351 and US Patent Specification 3,277,520.
Enzyme rnarumes and their method Or preparation have been described in UK Patent Specification 1,362,365 (Novo) and US Patent Specification 3,775,331 (Borrello). According to UK
Patent Specification 1,362,365, the extrudate is prepared from enzyme powder which may contain lubricating agents,
2 ~
~ IJIJ~
11~006g I`illers, ~)irlding agcnts or enzyme-stabili2ing agents. The fillers are inorganic salts, such as sodium sulphate, sodium chloride, sodiumtripolyphosphate, or organic materials such as cellulose powder, starch, gelatin, casein,etc. However, according to the examples, the extrudates are made from mixtures of enzyme powder and a predominantly inorganic ex-trudable material, such as the inorganic salts.
Although such marumes have satisfactory properties as regards enzyme stability, and storage stability in detergent powders, they may give rise to a dusting problem on handling these marumes. Their core is relatively hard, and when they are spiit during handling they crush under pressure (e.g.
when they are walked on or driven over on the factory floor), which results in an undesirable formation of dust particles.
According to US Patent Specification 3,775,331 (Borrello) enzyme marumes are prepared from an extrudate which has been made from a mixture of enzymes and a synthetic deter-gent-active material. The extrudate further contains inor-ganic salts, which form the cores for the enzymes and the synthetic detergents in the preparation of these marumes.
These marumes may also suffer from the above-mentioned drawback as regards dust formation when crushed under pressure.
Summary of the invention It is therefore an object Or the present invention to provide enzyme marumes which do not yield said unde-sirable dust formation when they are crushed under pressure.
It has now been round that these drawbacks are sig-C 5~ (R) nificantly reduced, when the marumes are prepared from an extrudate which has been made from a mixture of enzymes and a potassium fatty acid soap.
The invention therefore relates to enzyme marumes essentially comprising enzymes and a potassium fatty acid soap, as well as to a method for preparing these.
Description of the preferred embodiments The potassium fatty acid soaps to be used in the present invention are potassium salts of saturated or unsaturated C10-Cl8 fatty acids, i.e. aliphatic monocarboxylic acids containing from 9-17 carbon atoms in their alkyl chain.
They may be natural or synthetic fatty acids, and may have 7-' some degree of branching. Typical examples of suitable fatty acids are capric, undecylic, lauric, tridecylic, myristic, pentadecylic, palmitic, margaric and stearic acid, as well as decenoic, dodecenoic, tetradecenoic, hexadecenoic and oleic acid.The potassium soaps should have a sufficient rate of solution, and it has been found that the potassium soaps of coconut fatty acids, i.e. fatty acids obtained from coconut oil by hydrolysis thereof, predominantly consisting of lauric and myristic acid, with a small amount of oleic acid, are particularly suitable in the present invention.
It has furthermore been found that the marumes, in order to contain a sufficiently plastic core~ should pref-erably further contain a plasticizing agent. Suitable plasticizing agents are polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 200-1200, glycol, fatty acid glycerides, C10-Cl8 fatty acids, waxes, lanolin and the like. It has C 552 (R
been found, however, that a superfatted potassium C10-Cl8 fatty acid soap is particularly suitable for the purposes of the present invention. Such a superfatted soap can be obtained by adding a free C10-Cl8 fatty acid to the potassium soap, or by not fully neutralizing the C10-cl8 fatty acids with a suitable potassium-containing neutralizing agent, or by forming some free fatty acid in the potassium fatty acid soap by adding some acid thereto, such as phosphoric or citric acid. A preferred superfatting agent is coconut fatty acids. In general the superfatted soap contains from 0.5-10% by weight of the free fatty acids as superfatting agents.
In the preparation of the mar~es of the present invention, it is essential that the mixture from which the extrudate is formed, or the extrudate itself, contains water, which functions as a lubricating agent. This water, if not already sufficiently present in the raw materials from which the mixture is made, is either added to the mixture to be extruded or to the extrudate before or during the marumerizing operation, and is subsequently driven off by suitable means, such as drying or aeration.
The marumes of the present invention may further contain other usual ingredients, such as colouring agents, whitening agents, enzyme stabilising agents, binding agents, hydro-tropes and the like. They may further be coated with a coating layer of a suitable material, such as nonionic sur-face-active agents, polyethylene glycols of an average molecular weight of 1200-3600, cellulose derivatives, fatty 4 C 3 ~ L ~ ~ ) acid esters, mineral oils, waxes, resins, film-forming copolyrners etc.
The enzymes which may be incorporated in t~e marumes o~ the present invention may be proteases, amylases, lipases, 5 and cellulases and mixtures thereof. Although such enzymes may be of vegetable or animal origin, they are preferably of bacterial or fungal origin.
Suitable examples of proteases are the subtilisin (~-4-~
protease~, obtained by submerged fermentation with strains of B. subtilis, such as Alcalase ~ and Esperase ~ ex Novo Industri, Denmark, Maxatase ~ ex Gist-Brocades, Holland.
Suitable examples of amylases are bacterial ~-amylases~3 obtained from B. subtilis strains such as Thermamyl ~
ex Novo Industri, Maxamyl ~ ex Gist-Brocades. Suitable (3-ll3~
lipases~ are obtained from Candida lipolytica or Candida cylindracea, from strains of Pseudomonas such as Ps.
stutzeri. Commercial lipases are e.g. Lipase My 10,000 (3~4~4) (from Cand. cyl.) ex Meito Sangyo Co. Suitable cellulase~
are those obta;ned from strains ofTrichoderma, from Asper-gillus oryzae, Aspergillus niger, from Streptomycetes and Hymenomycetes. A commercially available cellulase is Meicelase~ (from Trichoderma) ex Meiji Seika Kaisha, Japan and Enzyme 19 AF ex Rohm and Haas (from Asp. niger).
If necessary, the enzyme maru~emay contain pH-ad-justing agents to provide the pH-value suitable for activity/
stability of the enzyme present in the marume.
The marumes of the present invention may furthermore be coated with a suitable dusting agent, such as finely ~1~64 C ',~2 (~) divided organic or inorganic materials, such as anhydrous sodiumsulphate, silica, calciumsulphate, magnesia, magnesium carbonate and magnesium silicate, aluminiumsilicate or mix-tures of these materials.
In general, the enzyme marume of the present invention comprises from 60-90% by weight of the potassium fatty acid soap, from 0.5-10% by weight of a plasticizing agent as described above and from 5 to 20% by weight of enzymes as described above. Preferably they further contain from 0.5-5% of a whitening agent such as titanium dioxide, from 0.5-10~ of a coating material as described above, and from 0.5-5% of a dusting agent as described above. In preparing the marumes of the present invention, water should be present at some stage before the marumes are ultimately obtained. The amount of water present or added is from 1.0 to 8.o% by weight.
The marumes are prepared by homogeneously mixing the enzymes (either as powder or as a liquid concentrate) with the potassium fatty acid soap, extruding said mixture through an extrusion plate to fGrm noodles, and subsequently charging the noodles in a marumerizing apparatus. Water is added either before or after extrusion, and is subseouently driven off during or after the marumerizing step.
The plasticizing agent is added before extrusion, as are the various ingredients desirably present in the rnarumes, such as titanium dioxide, enzyme-stabilizing agents, pH-adjusting agents and so on. The marumes may be coated with a coating material and~or a dusting powder, C 552 (~) 11.0Q~64 either during the marumerizing operation or thereafter.
The Marumes of the invention are particularly suitable for incorporation in powdered detergent compositions. They have a satisfactory storage stability therein, and their tendency to form dust on crushing under pressure is sig-nificantly reduced. The detergent compositions, in which the enzyme marumes may be incorporated, generally in an amount of 0.5 to 7.5% by weight, comprise an active deter-gent material which is an anionic, nonionic, cationic or zwitterionic detergent surfactant or soap or mixture there-of, and builder salts, bleaching agents, soil-suspending agents, lather boosters, hydrotropes, alkaline materials, ; perfumes, colouring agents, bactericides and so on. Such detergent compositions are well-known in the art.
The invention will now further be illustrated by ' way of example.
! Example I
The fcllowing ingredients:
2.785 kg potassium coconut soap (containing 3-5% water), ¦ 20 0.635 kg proteolytic enzyme, obtained by submerged J
B fermentation of a strain of B. subtilis~, known ! under the registered Trade Mark Or Alcalase ~, ~ sold by Novo Industri A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark, j having an activity of abt 10 Anson units/g, 0.420 kg coconut fatty acids, 0.170 kg citric acid, were mixed in a small Erweka mixer for 5 minutes, and ~, this mixture was subsequently extruded through an extrusion ~ 064 C~j52 (R) plate into noodles. 1.5 kg of these noodles were then spheronized in a batch marumerizer at a temperature of about 40C. After 2 minutes marumes were formed, and the marumerizer was discharged.
These marumes were tested for storage stability, and were also subjected to a crushing test. This crushing test was carried out as follows:
In a small drum, diameter 21.5 cm, length 16.5 cm, open at one side, 5 grammes of the marumes were added. In the drum a massive cylinder, diameter 11.3 cm, weight 10.7 kg, is placed, and the drum is rotated at a speed of 16 rpm. for 5 minutes. This whole apparatus is placed in front of a continuous dust monitor just before the air-inlet opening, which is funnel-shaped. In this way all the air around the rotating drum is sucked through the monitor at a speed of 0.2-0.3 m/sec., and the enzymatic activity of the dust collected is measured in glycine j units per cubic meter.
The results of these tests are given in Table I
below.
j Example II
! The fo]lowing ingredients:
40.0 kg potassium coconut soap, 7.0 kg Alcalase ~ (activity 8 Anson units/g ), 1.5 kg coconut fatty acids, 1.5 kg titanium oxide, 2.0 kg water, were mixed in a Lodige mixer for 2 minutes, and the mixture _ 9 _ C 552 (R) was then formed into noodles on a pelletizer. These noodles were then continuously fed through two marumerizers in cascade at a speed of abt.20 kg/hr into a sieving machine.
About 45 kg of marumes were obtained of the required size.
These marumes were also tested for storage stability ~- and crushing effects.
; The marumes of Examples I and II were also compared with other enzyme encapsulates, such as common marumes, prills and speckles.
Table I
Residual enzymatic Crushing activity after 4 test in weeks accelerated GU/m3 stora~e (in %) Commerical marumes (1.0 AU/g) 90 > 200 Commercial marumes (1.5 AU/g) 91 > 200 Enzyme speckles 70 < 5 Enzyme prills 95 > 250 Marumes of Example I 95 < 5 Marumes of Example II 95 ' 5 These results show that the marumes of the invention have an excellent storage stability and do not yield any significant dusting on crushing.
~ IJIJ~
11~006g I`illers, ~)irlding agcnts or enzyme-stabili2ing agents. The fillers are inorganic salts, such as sodium sulphate, sodium chloride, sodiumtripolyphosphate, or organic materials such as cellulose powder, starch, gelatin, casein,etc. However, according to the examples, the extrudates are made from mixtures of enzyme powder and a predominantly inorganic ex-trudable material, such as the inorganic salts.
Although such marumes have satisfactory properties as regards enzyme stability, and storage stability in detergent powders, they may give rise to a dusting problem on handling these marumes. Their core is relatively hard, and when they are spiit during handling they crush under pressure (e.g.
when they are walked on or driven over on the factory floor), which results in an undesirable formation of dust particles.
According to US Patent Specification 3,775,331 (Borrello) enzyme marumes are prepared from an extrudate which has been made from a mixture of enzymes and a synthetic deter-gent-active material. The extrudate further contains inor-ganic salts, which form the cores for the enzymes and the synthetic detergents in the preparation of these marumes.
These marumes may also suffer from the above-mentioned drawback as regards dust formation when crushed under pressure.
Summary of the invention It is therefore an object Or the present invention to provide enzyme marumes which do not yield said unde-sirable dust formation when they are crushed under pressure.
It has now been round that these drawbacks are sig-C 5~ (R) nificantly reduced, when the marumes are prepared from an extrudate which has been made from a mixture of enzymes and a potassium fatty acid soap.
The invention therefore relates to enzyme marumes essentially comprising enzymes and a potassium fatty acid soap, as well as to a method for preparing these.
Description of the preferred embodiments The potassium fatty acid soaps to be used in the present invention are potassium salts of saturated or unsaturated C10-Cl8 fatty acids, i.e. aliphatic monocarboxylic acids containing from 9-17 carbon atoms in their alkyl chain.
They may be natural or synthetic fatty acids, and may have 7-' some degree of branching. Typical examples of suitable fatty acids are capric, undecylic, lauric, tridecylic, myristic, pentadecylic, palmitic, margaric and stearic acid, as well as decenoic, dodecenoic, tetradecenoic, hexadecenoic and oleic acid.The potassium soaps should have a sufficient rate of solution, and it has been found that the potassium soaps of coconut fatty acids, i.e. fatty acids obtained from coconut oil by hydrolysis thereof, predominantly consisting of lauric and myristic acid, with a small amount of oleic acid, are particularly suitable in the present invention.
It has furthermore been found that the marumes, in order to contain a sufficiently plastic core~ should pref-erably further contain a plasticizing agent. Suitable plasticizing agents are polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 200-1200, glycol, fatty acid glycerides, C10-Cl8 fatty acids, waxes, lanolin and the like. It has C 552 (R
been found, however, that a superfatted potassium C10-Cl8 fatty acid soap is particularly suitable for the purposes of the present invention. Such a superfatted soap can be obtained by adding a free C10-Cl8 fatty acid to the potassium soap, or by not fully neutralizing the C10-cl8 fatty acids with a suitable potassium-containing neutralizing agent, or by forming some free fatty acid in the potassium fatty acid soap by adding some acid thereto, such as phosphoric or citric acid. A preferred superfatting agent is coconut fatty acids. In general the superfatted soap contains from 0.5-10% by weight of the free fatty acids as superfatting agents.
In the preparation of the mar~es of the present invention, it is essential that the mixture from which the extrudate is formed, or the extrudate itself, contains water, which functions as a lubricating agent. This water, if not already sufficiently present in the raw materials from which the mixture is made, is either added to the mixture to be extruded or to the extrudate before or during the marumerizing operation, and is subsequently driven off by suitable means, such as drying or aeration.
The marumes of the present invention may further contain other usual ingredients, such as colouring agents, whitening agents, enzyme stabilising agents, binding agents, hydro-tropes and the like. They may further be coated with a coating layer of a suitable material, such as nonionic sur-face-active agents, polyethylene glycols of an average molecular weight of 1200-3600, cellulose derivatives, fatty 4 C 3 ~ L ~ ~ ) acid esters, mineral oils, waxes, resins, film-forming copolyrners etc.
The enzymes which may be incorporated in t~e marumes o~ the present invention may be proteases, amylases, lipases, 5 and cellulases and mixtures thereof. Although such enzymes may be of vegetable or animal origin, they are preferably of bacterial or fungal origin.
Suitable examples of proteases are the subtilisin (~-4-~
protease~, obtained by submerged fermentation with strains of B. subtilis, such as Alcalase ~ and Esperase ~ ex Novo Industri, Denmark, Maxatase ~ ex Gist-Brocades, Holland.
Suitable examples of amylases are bacterial ~-amylases~3 obtained from B. subtilis strains such as Thermamyl ~
ex Novo Industri, Maxamyl ~ ex Gist-Brocades. Suitable (3-ll3~
lipases~ are obtained from Candida lipolytica or Candida cylindracea, from strains of Pseudomonas such as Ps.
stutzeri. Commercial lipases are e.g. Lipase My 10,000 (3~4~4) (from Cand. cyl.) ex Meito Sangyo Co. Suitable cellulase~
are those obta;ned from strains ofTrichoderma, from Asper-gillus oryzae, Aspergillus niger, from Streptomycetes and Hymenomycetes. A commercially available cellulase is Meicelase~ (from Trichoderma) ex Meiji Seika Kaisha, Japan and Enzyme 19 AF ex Rohm and Haas (from Asp. niger).
If necessary, the enzyme maru~emay contain pH-ad-justing agents to provide the pH-value suitable for activity/
stability of the enzyme present in the marume.
The marumes of the present invention may furthermore be coated with a suitable dusting agent, such as finely ~1~64 C ',~2 (~) divided organic or inorganic materials, such as anhydrous sodiumsulphate, silica, calciumsulphate, magnesia, magnesium carbonate and magnesium silicate, aluminiumsilicate or mix-tures of these materials.
In general, the enzyme marume of the present invention comprises from 60-90% by weight of the potassium fatty acid soap, from 0.5-10% by weight of a plasticizing agent as described above and from 5 to 20% by weight of enzymes as described above. Preferably they further contain from 0.5-5% of a whitening agent such as titanium dioxide, from 0.5-10~ of a coating material as described above, and from 0.5-5% of a dusting agent as described above. In preparing the marumes of the present invention, water should be present at some stage before the marumes are ultimately obtained. The amount of water present or added is from 1.0 to 8.o% by weight.
The marumes are prepared by homogeneously mixing the enzymes (either as powder or as a liquid concentrate) with the potassium fatty acid soap, extruding said mixture through an extrusion plate to fGrm noodles, and subsequently charging the noodles in a marumerizing apparatus. Water is added either before or after extrusion, and is subseouently driven off during or after the marumerizing step.
The plasticizing agent is added before extrusion, as are the various ingredients desirably present in the rnarumes, such as titanium dioxide, enzyme-stabilizing agents, pH-adjusting agents and so on. The marumes may be coated with a coating material and~or a dusting powder, C 552 (~) 11.0Q~64 either during the marumerizing operation or thereafter.
The Marumes of the invention are particularly suitable for incorporation in powdered detergent compositions. They have a satisfactory storage stability therein, and their tendency to form dust on crushing under pressure is sig-nificantly reduced. The detergent compositions, in which the enzyme marumes may be incorporated, generally in an amount of 0.5 to 7.5% by weight, comprise an active deter-gent material which is an anionic, nonionic, cationic or zwitterionic detergent surfactant or soap or mixture there-of, and builder salts, bleaching agents, soil-suspending agents, lather boosters, hydrotropes, alkaline materials, ; perfumes, colouring agents, bactericides and so on. Such detergent compositions are well-known in the art.
The invention will now further be illustrated by ' way of example.
! Example I
The fcllowing ingredients:
2.785 kg potassium coconut soap (containing 3-5% water), ¦ 20 0.635 kg proteolytic enzyme, obtained by submerged J
B fermentation of a strain of B. subtilis~, known ! under the registered Trade Mark Or Alcalase ~, ~ sold by Novo Industri A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark, j having an activity of abt 10 Anson units/g, 0.420 kg coconut fatty acids, 0.170 kg citric acid, were mixed in a small Erweka mixer for 5 minutes, and ~, this mixture was subsequently extruded through an extrusion ~ 064 C~j52 (R) plate into noodles. 1.5 kg of these noodles were then spheronized in a batch marumerizer at a temperature of about 40C. After 2 minutes marumes were formed, and the marumerizer was discharged.
These marumes were tested for storage stability, and were also subjected to a crushing test. This crushing test was carried out as follows:
In a small drum, diameter 21.5 cm, length 16.5 cm, open at one side, 5 grammes of the marumes were added. In the drum a massive cylinder, diameter 11.3 cm, weight 10.7 kg, is placed, and the drum is rotated at a speed of 16 rpm. for 5 minutes. This whole apparatus is placed in front of a continuous dust monitor just before the air-inlet opening, which is funnel-shaped. In this way all the air around the rotating drum is sucked through the monitor at a speed of 0.2-0.3 m/sec., and the enzymatic activity of the dust collected is measured in glycine j units per cubic meter.
The results of these tests are given in Table I
below.
j Example II
! The fo]lowing ingredients:
40.0 kg potassium coconut soap, 7.0 kg Alcalase ~ (activity 8 Anson units/g ), 1.5 kg coconut fatty acids, 1.5 kg titanium oxide, 2.0 kg water, were mixed in a Lodige mixer for 2 minutes, and the mixture _ 9 _ C 552 (R) was then formed into noodles on a pelletizer. These noodles were then continuously fed through two marumerizers in cascade at a speed of abt.20 kg/hr into a sieving machine.
About 45 kg of marumes were obtained of the required size.
These marumes were also tested for storage stability ~- and crushing effects.
; The marumes of Examples I and II were also compared with other enzyme encapsulates, such as common marumes, prills and speckles.
Table I
Residual enzymatic Crushing activity after 4 test in weeks accelerated GU/m3 stora~e (in %) Commerical marumes (1.0 AU/g) 90 > 200 Commercial marumes (1.5 AU/g) 91 > 200 Enzyme speckles 70 < 5 Enzyme prills 95 > 250 Marumes of Example I 95 < 5 Marumes of Example II 95 ' 5 These results show that the marumes of the invention have an excellent storage stability and do not yield any significant dusting on crushing.
Claims (5)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In a process for the preparation of enzyme-containing marumes comprising forming a mixture of enzymes and an organic extrudable material in the presence of 1-8% water, extruding said mixture to form noodles, subjecting said noodles to tangential forces, thereby spheronizing said noodles to form marumes, and subsequently drying said marumes, the step comprising using as organic extrudable material a potassium soap of an aliphatic monocarboxylic saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having from 9-17 car-bon atoms in their alkyl chain.
2. In a process according to claim 1, the step compris-ing using a superfatted potassium soap containing from 0.5-10% by weight of an aliphatic monocarboxylic, saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having from 9-17 carbon atoms in their alkyl chain as superfatting agent.
3. In a process according to claim 1, the step compris-ing using a potassium soap of coconut fatty acids.
4. In a process according to claim 2, the step com-prising using a potassium soap of coconut fatty acids, superfatted with from 0.5-10% by weight of coconut fatty acids.
C 552 (H)
C 552 (H)
5. Enzyme-containing marumes made by the process of claim 1, said marumes comprising from 60-90% by weight of the potassium fatty acid soap, from 0.5-10% by weight of a plasticizing agent selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 200-1200, and C10-C18 fatty acids, and from 5-20% by weight of enzymes selected from the group consisting of proteases, amylases, lipases, cellulases and mixtures thereof.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB10594/77 | 1977-03-14 | ||
| GB1059477A GB1554482A (en) | 1977-03-14 | 1977-03-14 | Enzyme marumes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1100064A true CA1100064A (en) | 1981-04-28 |
Family
ID=9970716
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA298,470A Expired CA1100064A (en) | 1977-03-14 | 1978-03-08 | Enzyme marumes |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6040835B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1100064A (en) |
| DK (1) | DK111678A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1554482A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7802418A (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS587497A (en) * | 1981-07-06 | 1983-01-17 | ダスキンフランチヤイズ株式会社 | Bleaching agent composition |
| JPS5988088A (en) * | 1982-11-12 | 1984-05-21 | Nagase Seikagaku Kogyo Kk | Production of enzyme-containing granule |
| DK263584D0 (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1984-05-29 | Novo Industri As | ENZYMOUS GRANULATES USED AS DETERGENT ADDITIVES |
| WO1987007292A1 (en) | 1986-05-21 | 1987-12-03 | Novo Industri A/S | Coated detergent enzymes |
| GB8619683D0 (en) * | 1986-08-13 | 1986-09-24 | Unilever Plc | Particulate ingredient |
| JPH01164825A (en) * | 1987-12-19 | 1989-06-28 | Tokico Ltd | Disc brake |
| JP2530800B2 (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1996-09-04 | 澁谷油脂株式会社 | How to make granular soap |
| JPH1088198A (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 1998-04-07 | Kao Corp | Production of briquette-formed detergent composition |
| EP2968099B1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2020-05-06 | Maria Beug-Deeb Inc. DBA T&M Associates | Methods and compositions for cleaning and disinfecting surfaces |
-
1977
- 1977-03-14 GB GB1059477A patent/GB1554482A/en not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-03-06 NL NL7802418A patent/NL7802418A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1978-03-08 CA CA298,470A patent/CA1100064A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-03-13 JP JP2853878A patent/JPS6040835B2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-03-13 DK DK111678A patent/DK111678A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS53133686A (en) | 1978-11-21 |
| DK111678A (en) | 1978-09-15 |
| GB1554482A (en) | 1979-10-24 |
| JPS6040835B2 (en) | 1985-09-12 |
| NL7802418A (en) | 1978-09-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |