CA1096529A - Low oiling silicone gel filled flexible articles and gels therefor - Google Patents
Low oiling silicone gel filled flexible articles and gels thereforInfo
- Publication number
- CA1096529A CA1096529A CA273,301A CA273301A CA1096529A CA 1096529 A CA1096529 A CA 1096529A CA 273301 A CA273301 A CA 273301A CA 1096529 A CA1096529 A CA 1096529A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- gel
- silicone
- silicone rubber
- percent
- silicon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/14—Macromolecular materials
- A61L27/18—Macromolecular materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/12—Mammary prostheses and implants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
- A61F2/52—Mammary prostheses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/12—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/20—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to unsaturated aliphatic groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/70—Siloxanes defined by use of the MDTQ nomenclature
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure A gel filled flexible article which is a container having silicone rubber walls of less than 0.001 metre thick filled with a silicone gel such that the silicone gel contacts the silicone rubber wall, provides a low oiling article where the silicone rubber is based on an essentially polydimethylsiloxane gum and the gel is a crosslinked polydimethylsiloxane and has a penetration of 10 to 60 millimetres and produces a linear swell of the silicone rubber when said silicone rubber is encapsulated in the gel for 21 days at room temperature of less than 5 percent. The gel filled flexible articles are useful as external breast prostheses.
Description
~0965Z9 This invention relates to gel filled flexible articles and the gels therefor.
The combination of a silicone rubber container ~illed with a silicone gel is well known in the art. Such articles are known for use as surgically implantable human breast prostheses and external breast ?rostheses.
.. ,.. :, Cronin in U.S. Patent No. 3,2!~3,663 af Dec.l!66 describes a silicone rubber container filled wi~h a soft silicone gel as an implantable breast prosthesis. Cronin describes a suitable gel as belng one disclosed by Nelson in U.S. Pa~ent No.
3,020~260 of Feb.J62. ~he organosiloxaie gel disclos~d by Nelson is a reaction product of an intimate mixture of a triorganosiloxy endblocked polydiorganosiloxane having a viscosity of 100 to 10,000 cs~ ~approximately 0.1 to 10 pascal-seconds) at 25C. and at least 0.174 molar pTecent of the units are RViSiO where Vi is vinyl and R is methyl or phenyl, and a liquid hydrogensilo~ane of the formula HRCH3siO~R2si)nsiCH3RH
~"here R is methyl or phenyl and n has a value to provide a ~iscosity of no more than 10,000 cs (approximately 10 pascal-se onds) at 25C. and a platinum catalyst. These gels have at least one RViSiO unit for each silicon-bonded hydrogen atom. Cronin uses a gel where the ratio of atoms of silicon-bonded hydrogen per gram molecular weight of triorganosiloxy endblocked polydiorganosiloxane is adjusted ~o about 1.3 and where this gel preferably has a pene~ration from 30.0 to 20.0 mm. Cronin also suggests that ~he gel should be one which is inert toward the container.
Other references to implantable prostheses include U.S.
3a Patent ~os.3,559,214 to Pan ~an of l~eb./71; 3,600,718 to Bootle ~f ~ug./71;
3,665,520 to Perras et al; 3,681,787 to Perras of A~g./72;
-B
~0965Z~
3,852,832 to M~:Ghan et al of Dec,i~74; and 3,934,274 to Hartley of 3an/76.
- External breast prostheses using silrQone rubber containers and filled with silicone gel are described ~ Hankin et al in U.S. Patent 3,896,506 of July/75 and Hankin in U.S. Patent No. 3,911,503 of Qct/75. I~ese va ~ous patents describe methods of manufacture, designs and construction of both implantable and external breast prostheses. They also show the desirability of using silicone rubber containers with a silicone gel filling because of the low reactivity of the body toward the silicone materials and because the silicone materials may be easily cleaned and sterilized by steam or boiling water. Although - these reerences show the desirability of the silicone materials, they do not discuss the problem encountered in using a silicone rubber as the container material and a silicone gel as the filling material. When a silicone gel is in contact with a ~ilicone rubber, there is a tendency for components of the gel to exude through the silicone - rubber. If the gel filled silicone rubber container is an ex~ernal breast prosthesis~ the exudate will stain the wearer's clothing and be embarrassing. It is, therefore, desirable ~o reduce or eliminate the exudation, oiling or bleed of the gel components through the silicone rubber container. The prior art silicone gel filled silicone rubber containers have an undesirable amount of oiling or bleed because in order to obtain the desired penetration values for the gel with the appropriate natural simulated characteristics, large amounts of unreacted fluid were included in the gel network. This fluid would bleed through the silicone rubber containar walls and thus be a problem as described above. A oombination of materlals ~2-5 ~
has no~ been discovered which will provide an article with reduced oiling without departing from the desirable silicone materials.
An object of this invention is to provide a low oiling silicone gel filled silicone rubber container.
A silicone rubber comprising a gum of an essentially polydimethylsiloxane is used for container walls which are in contact with a silicone gel which is a crosslinked polydimethylsiloxane. Such articles have low oiling characteristics where the linear swell of the silicone rubber is less than 5 percent ~hen the silicone rubber is encapsulated in the gel for 21 days at room temperature. These articles are useful as breast prostheses such as the external type, as well as, for other prostheses, pillows and pads.
One preerred silicone gel is prepared from dimethylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane which has an effecti~e viscosity of 4.5 to 30 pascal-seconds (Pa s) at 25C, This invention relates to a gel filled flexible article comprising a flexible container having at least a portion of the container wall composed o-f silicone rubber which is less than 0.0015 metres thick and said silicone rubber comprising a gum which is essentially polydimethyl-siloxane, said container containing silicone gel which at least contacts the container wall composed of silicone rubber, said gel has a penetration of ~rom 10 to 60 milli-metres and produces a linear swell of the silicone rubber when said silicone rubber is encapsulated in the gel for 21 days at room temperature of less than 5 percent, and ~ 5 ~
said gel comprising a crosslinked essentially polydimethyl-siloxane.
The articles of this invention can be of any construction and can be made by any method inasmuch as the design, construction or method of manufacture constitutes no part of the present invention except that at least part of the wall portion which is made of silicone rubber be in contact with silicone gel. This combination is part of the invention because it is this relationship which will result in oiling or bleed.
Containers which have walls made of silicone rubber which is less than 0.001~ metre thick and which have silicone gel in contact with the silicone rubber wall will oil excessively unless the silicone rubber wall material has a linear swell of less than 5 percent ~hen encapsulated in the silicone gel for 21 days at room temperature. Suitable combinations of wall material and gel can readily be determined by a simple swell test~
The container need not ha~e all the walls made of silicone rubber as long as some portion of a silicone - -rubber wall is in contact with silicone gel. The silicone rubber is based on an essentially polydimethylsiloxane gum which has been cured. By essentially polydimethylsiloxane it is to be understood that the gum is composed primarily of dimethylsiloxane Wlits but that other diorganosiloxane units can be present such as methylvinylsiloxane units, methyl-phenylsiloxane units; diphenylsiloxane units and 3,3,3-t-rifluoropropylsiloxane units, there being no more than 2 mol percent methylvinylsiloxane units and less than ~5 mol percent of other diorganosiloxane units where the mol percentages are based on the total number of diorganosiloxane ~ 9 ~
units in the gum. The gum can also contain minor amounts of monoorganosiloxane units and SiO2 units which provide branching. The gums can be endblocked by conventional endblocking units such as triorganosiloxy units, such as dimethylvinylsiloxy units, trimethylsiloxy units or methylphenylvinylsiloxy units or hydroxyl groups. These gums are well known in the art and need not be discussed further.
The silicone rubber is well known and can contain fillers, such as reinforcing silica filler, processing aids, additives, pigments and can be vulcanized by conventional means, such as with organic peroxides, electromagnetic radiation, or by using a polysiloxane crosslinker containing silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms with a vinyl containing gum and a platinum catalyst. The proportions of these ingredients are well known in the art and those skilled in the silicone rubber art can readily adjust the ingredients and proportions to provide a silicone rubber which will suit their particular desires in physical properties.
The silicone gel suitable for this invention has a penetration of 10 to 6~ millimetres and is a crosslinked polydimethylsiloxanec The gel must provide a linear swell of less than S percent to the silicone rubber when the silicone rubber is encapsulated in the gel for 21 days at room temperature. Preferably, the gel provides a linear swell of less than 5 percent to the silicone rubber when the silicone rubber is encapsulated in the gel for 60 days. The linear swell test is defined in more detail herein. The silicone gel is a crosslinked essentially polydimethylsiloxane. As stated above for the gum, other diorganosiloxane unlts, monoorganosiloxane units and SiO2 units can be present in the gel in amounts similar to - ;
those stated for the gum.
One particular type of silicone gel suitable to provide less than 5 percent linear swell is based on a methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane which has an effective viscosity of 4.5 to 30 Pa's at 25C. By the phrase "an effective viscosity of 4.5 to 30 Pa's at 25C."
is meant that the base polymer has a viscos;.ty of 4.5 to 30 Pa s at 25C. or the base polymer in combination with suitable "in si*u" chain extenders provides a gel which for all practical purposes is equivalent to a gel prepared from a base polymer having a viscosity of 4.5 to 30 Pa s at 25C. It has been found that this type of crosslinked polydimethylsiloxane gel in combination with the silicone rubbel provides the desired linear swell.
The gel is to have a penetration of from 10 to 60 -millimetres as determined by the method described in U.S. Patent No. 3,293~663. Preferably, the penetration is from 25 to 45 millimetres, particularly for the breast prosthesis articles. Although the penetration values are not different from most gels used in these types of articles, it is pertinent to provide a range of penetration values for this invention in that the penetration values provide a means ~o determine a suitable degree of crosslinXing wherein the base polymers have the viscosity range of 4.5 to 30 Pa s at 25C. The penetration values were obtained in prior art gels by using large amounts of unreacted fluid in the gel preparation such as trimethyl-siloxy endbloc~ed polydimethylsiloxane fluid. These ~9~5;~
.
types of fluids, because they remain unreacted, readily bleed through the silicone rubber container walls. Prior art gels which were examined and which did not contain the unreacted fluids were either too low in penetration values and rubber-like and/or would still bleed in undesirable amounts. It was found that only by providing a gel which provided less than 5 percent linear swell in the silicone rubber as stated above could the bleeding be reduced. One way of reducing the linear swell below 5 percent and likewise 1~ reducing the bleed through the silicone rubber container walls was by making a gel from a methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane which had a viscosity from 4.5 to 30 Pa-s at 25C., and preferably from 6 to 12 Pa-s at Z5C.
Although polymers of higher viscosity may also provide less than 5 percent linear swell, these polymers are difficult to work with, have a delicate stoichiometry and low penetration values.
The gels may be best prepared by mixing a methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a visc~sity of 0.1 to 6 Pa's at 25C~, preferably from 1.5 to 3 Pa's at 25C., a dimethylhydrogensiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a viscosity of less than 0.5 Pa s at 25C. present in an amount sufficient to provide an effective viscosity for the methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane of 4.5 to 30 Pa-s at 25C., a polymethylsiloxane having an average of at least three silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms per molecule where the polymethylsiloxane is present in an amount to provide a ratio of total silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms to vinyl radicals in the composition of from 0.2 to 0.8, preferably from 0.3 to 0.74 and a catalytic amount of a compatible platinum catalyst.
The methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethyl-siloxanes are known in the art, as are the o~her ingredients.
The general concept of chain extension for systems containing vinyl endblocked base polymers, silicon-bonded hydrogen polymers, silicon-bonded hydrogen endblocked chain extenders, polymethylsiloxanes containing at least three silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms and platinum catalysts are known for the preparation of silicone elastomers. These ingredients are further defined by Polmanteer et al. in U.S. Patent No.
1~ 3,697,473. Although Polmanteer et al. describe the various ingredients, they do not describe the preparation of gels as used herein.
The dimethylhydrogensiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane is present in the composition to make the gel in amounts sufficient to provide the base polymer with a viscosity of 4.~ to 30 Pa-s at 25C. Inasmuch as the silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of this chain extender can vary considerably~ as well as, the viscosity of the base polymer, any numerical value or the amount of chain extender is less precise than the above statement. To determine the amount of chain extender ~or a given base polymer viscosity and chain extender, silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content, one can mix the two in varying ratios with a small amount of platinum catalyst and then measure the viscosity after the material has reacted which takes only a few minutes. The desired combination can then be selected and used in the preparation of the gel. Preerably, the dimethylhydrogensiloxy endbloc~ed polydimethylsilo~ane has a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.1 to 0.~
waight percent based on the weight of the chain extender and ~0 ~ ~ 2~
is present in amou~ts to provide an effective viscosity for the methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane of 6 to 12 Pa-s at 25C.
After the amount of chain extender has been determined, the amount of crosslinker, the polymethylsiloxane, can then be found by using an amount sufficient to provide a ratio of total silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms to vinyl ', ~
radicals of the base polymer in the~ composition of from 0.2 to 0.8, preferably from 0.3 to 0.74. The polyme~hylsiloxane can be any of a broad spectrum o~ siloxanes having silicon-bonded methyl radicals, where the units can be various combinations selected from dimethylsiloxane units, methylhydrogensiloxane units, trimethylsiloxy units, dimethylhydrogensiloxy units, monomethylsiloxane units, SiO2 units and hydrogensiloxane units.
The polymethylsiloxan~ has an average of at least three silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms per molecule and can contain 10 or more per molecule, preferably the polymethylsiloxane has an average of 4 to 8 silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms per molecule. The preferred polymethylsiloxanes are those which contain trimethylsiloxy units, dimethylsiloxane units and methylhydrogensiloxane units with a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of from 0.5 to 1.0 weight percent based on the weight of the polym~thylsiloxane and a viscosity of less than 0.5 Pa s at 25C.
The platinum catalysts can be those which are described in Polmanteer et al. and which are compatible in the siloxane composition. The platinum catalysts are preferably the complexed platinum catalysts, such as the silicone platinum catalyst described by Willing in U.S. Pacent No. 3~419~;930f Dec./68. The platinum catalyst is ~,. ".,, ~
5 Z~
used in catalytic amounts such as greater than about 0.1 part by wei~ht platinum per one million parts by weight of composition.
Tlle gel can also contain pigments if it is desirable to provide a colored gel with a clear silicone rubber container or the silicone rubber can be pigmented to provide a colored article or both can be pigmented to provide a colored article. Color can also be produced by dyes.
The gel can be cured by allowing it to set at room temperature or it can be cured by heating it at a temperature of from 100 to 200C. for from 10 to 60 minutes. Certainly other curing conditions may be found suitable and can be used so long as the desired gel ch~racteristics are not destroyed. Inasmuch as, a combination of vi~yl containing polymer, silicon-bonded hydrogen containing components and platinum catalyst will react at room temperature, they should not be stored in combination unless cure is desired.
Preferably, it is desirable to mix the ingredients, except for the platinum catalyst and add the platinum catalyst just prior to the filling of the container which has a wall which is at least part silicone rubber of less than 0.0015 metre thick and then the gel composition is cured to a gel by heating.
The silicone gels which are suitable for this inven*ion are those which provide less than a 5 percent linear swell for the silicone rubber when the silicone rubber is encapsulated in the gel or 21 days at room temperature, preferably less than 5 percent linear swell for the silicone rubber ~rhen the silicone rubber is encapsulated in the gel ~ 5 ~9 for 60 days at room temperature. The linear swell as used herein was determined by cutting a piece of silicone rubber of the appropriate thickness and about 2.8 by 5.0 centimetres.
The sample length is measured to the nearest 0.01 centimetre.
The sample is carefully-cleaned by using isopropanol and allowed to dry before further testing. The test sample is then completely immersed in the gel to be tested and the resulting assembly is co~ered and allowed to stand for a designated time at room temperature. After the predetermined time, the silicone rubber test piece is removed from the gel and the length is measured to the nearest 0.01 centimetre.
The percent linear swell is determined by subtracting the original length from the final length and multiplying by 100.
If several time periods of immersion are desired, one can replace the test piece in the gel and continue the test for additional time.
The gel filled flexible articles of this invention were found to have reduced bleed or oiling and thus are more useful as an external breast prosthesis. This reduced bleeding characteristic was observed where the silicone rubber was based on an essentially polydimethylsiloxane gum and the gel in contact with this silicone rubber provided linear swell of less than 5 percent.
The bleed as shown in the examples was determined by lining a crystallization dish with aluminum foil, washing the aluminum foil with isopropanol and then drying for about 10 minutes in an oven at 100C., cooling the dish to room temperature, weighing the dish, washing a gel filled flexible article with isopropanol, and then placing the article in the dish and storing it in a clean, dry place which is free of any ~09~
possible dust contaimination or other possible causes ~or weight increases. After a predetermined time period, the dish containing the article is filled with isopropanol, the article is then moved in the isopropanol for two or three minutes and then the article is lifted from the dish allowing all the solvent to drip into the dish. The removed article is then washed thoroughly by spraying a stream of isopropanol over the article surface while allowing the wash to drip into the dish. The rinsing is repeated three times. After all the isopropanol has dripped into the dish, the article is allowed to air dry and the dish containing the isopropanol solution is placed on a hot plate and heated gently to slowly evaporate some of the isopropanol. When a small amount of solution remains the dish is placed in a 100C. oven for about 10 minutes to e~aporate the remaining isopropanol. The dish is removed from the oven, allowed to cool to room temperature and then weighed. The amount of bleed is determined by subtracting the original weight from the final weight and the result is the amount of material which exuded from the article and is the amount of bleed.
The following examples are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention which is properly delineated in the claims. All parts are parts by weight unless otherwise stated and all viscosities are at 25C. unless otherwise stated.
A. A silicone ~el was prepared by mixing 97.5 parts of methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethyl-siloxane having a viscosity o~ 0.00216 square metres per &5Z~
second ~m2/s~ (hereinafter identified as Polymer A), 2.40 parts of dimethylhydrogensiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.159 percent by weight and sufficient to provide Polymer A with an effective viscosity of 0.0101 m2/s (about 10.1 Pa-s), 0.21 part of trimethylsiloxy endblocked polymethylsiloxane having 20 mol percent trimethylsiloxy units, 30 mol percent dimethylsiloxane units and 50 mol percent methylhydrogensiloxane units and having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.779 percent by weight and 0.1 part of a chloroplatinic acid catalyst complex with symmetrical divinyltetramethyldi-siloxane containing about 0.65 weight percent platinum and prepared in accordance with the method de~ined in U.S. Patent No. 3,419,593. The resulting mixture was heated for 20 minutes at 160C. to cure the composition~ The molecular weight of the methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane can be approximated by the formula in U.S. Patent No. 3,020,260.
B. A silicone gel was prepared by mixing 98.2 parts of Polymer A, 1.70 part of dimethylhydrogensiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.159 percent by weight and sufficient to provide Polymer A with an effective viscosity of 0.0049 m2/s ~about 4.9 Pa s), 0.27 part of the polymethylsiloxane described in A. above with a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.779 percent by weight and 0.1 part of the platinum catalyst as defined in A. above. The resulting mixture was cured by heating at 160C. for 20 minutes.
C. A silicone gel was prepared by mixing 97.62 parts of methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethyl-siloxane having a viscosiky of 0.00184 m2/s ~about 1.84 ~96~Z~
Pa~s), 2.10 part of dime~hylhydrogensiloxy endbloc~ed polydimethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.159 percent by weight and sufficient to provide methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane an effective viscosity of 0.0046 m2/s (about 4.6 Pa-s), 0.28 part by weight of the polymethylsiloxane, 0.28 part of the polymethylsiloxane defined in A. above having a - silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.779 percent by weight and 0.04 part of the platinum catalyst as defined in A. above. The resulting mixture was cured by heating at 160C. for 20 minutes.
D. A silicone gel was prepared by mixing 99.90 parts of methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a viscosity of 0.00912 m2/s (about 9.12 Pa s), 0.22 part of the polymethylsiloxane defined in A. above having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.779 percent by weight and 0.1 part of platinum catalyst as defined in A.
above. The resulting mixture was cured by heating for 20 minutes at 160C.
E. A silicone gel was prepared for comparative purposes by mixing 99.53 parts of Polymer A, 0.37 part of the polymethylsiloxane as deined in A. above having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.779 percent by weight and 0.1 part of platinum catalyst as defined in A. above. The resulting mixture was cured by heating 30 minutes at 150C.
P. A silicone gel was prepared for comparative purposes by mixing 99.97 parts of trimethylsiloxy endblocked polydiorganosiloxane having dimethylsiloxane uni~s and methylvinylsiloxane units having about 0.3 weight percent ~33 ~ S Z~
vinyl radical and having a viscosity of about 0.8 Pa s (hereinafter identified as Polymer B) and 0.03 part of the platinum catalyst as defined in A. above. To 100 parts of the resulting mixture, 3.62 parts of polymethylsiloxane defined in Ao above having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.159 percent by weight was added. The resulting mixtuTe was cured by heating fsr 30 minutes at 150C.
G. A silicone gel was prepared for comparative purposes by mixing 91.22 parts of Polymer B9 8.75 parts of a trimethylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a small amount of monomethylsiloxane units and having a viscosity of 0.0001 m2/s (about 0.1 Pa s), and 0.03 part of platinum catalyst as defined in A. above. To 100 parts of the resulting mixture, 3.30 parts of the polymethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.159 percent by weight was added. The resulting mixture was cured by heating at 150C, for 30 minu~es.
~ l. A silicone gel was prepared -for comparative purposes by mixing 91.22 parts of Polymer B, 8.75 parts of trimethylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a viscosity of 0.001 m2/s (about 1.0 Pa's) and 0.03 part of platinum catalyst as defined in A. above. To 100 parts of the resulting mixture, 3.30 parts of the polymethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.159 percent by weight was added. The resulting mixture was cured by heating at 150C. for 30 minutes.
I. A silicone gel was prepared by mixing 96.60 parts of Polymer A, 3.30 parts of dimethylhydrogensiloxy endblocl~ed polydimethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.15~ percent by weight and ~09~iZ'~
suficient to provide Polymer A with an-effective viscosity of 0.023 m2/s (about 23 Pa's), 0.12 part of the polymethyl-siloxane as defined in A. above having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.779 percent by weight and 0.1 part of the platinum catalyst as defined in A. above.
The resulting mixture was cured by heating for 20 minutes at 160C.
J. A silicone gel was prepared by mixing 97,46 parts of methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethyl-siloxane having a viscosity of 0.001968 m2/s (about 1.968 Pa s), ~hereinafter identified as Polymer C), 2.50 parts of dimethyl-hydrogensiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.172 percent by weight and sufficient to provide Polymer C with an effective viscosity of 0.0064 m2/s (about 6.4 Pa-s) and 0.325 parts of the polymethylsiloxane defined in A. above having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.782 percent by weight. To 100 part~ of the resulting mixture~ 0.04 part of platinum catalyst as defined in A. above was added.
The resulting mixture was cured by heating for 20 minutes at 160C.
K. ~ silicone gel was prepared by mixing 97.49 parts of Polymer C, 2.51 parts of dimethylhydrogensiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.172 percent by weight and sufficient to provide Polymer C with an e~fective viscosity of 0.006~ m2/s (about 6.4 Pa-s) and 0.29 part o-f the polymethylsiloxane defined in A. above having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content o-f 0.782 percent by weight. To 100 parts of the resulting mixture, 0.04 part 65~
of the platinum catalyst as defined in A. above was added.
The resulting mixture was cured by heating at 160C. for 20 minutes.
L. A silicone gel was prepared by mixing 97.50 parts of Polymer C, 2.51 parts of dimethylhydrogensiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.172 percent by weight and sufficient to provide Polymer C with an effective viscosity of 0.0064 m2/s (ab,out 6.4 Pa s) and 0.28 part of the polymethyl-siloxane having a silicon-bo~ded hydrogen atom content of 0.782 percent by weight. To 100 parts of the resulting mixture, 0.04 part of the platinum catalyst defined in A.
above was added. The resulting mixture was cured by heating at 160C. for 20 minutes.
M. A silicone gel was prepared by mixing 99.73 part of methylphenyl~inylsiloxy endblocked polydimethyl-siloxane having a viscosity of 0.0092 m2/s (about 9.2 Pa s), 0.23 part of the polymethylsiloxane as defined in A. above having a silicon-bonded hydroge~ atom content of 0.782 percent by weight and 0.04 part of the platinum catalyst defined in ~. above. The resulting mixture was cured by heating for 20 mi~utes at 160C.
The bleed was determined on the silicone gel filled rubber article by the test defined above. The articles were an external breast prosthesis, with a silicone gel as identified in Table I. The silicone rubber was a rei~forced silica filled polydimethylsiloxane gum which was vulcanized with 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide. The silicone rubber container has part of the wall of about 0.0006 metre thick and the remaining part o the wall of about 0.0011 metre
The combination of a silicone rubber container ~illed with a silicone gel is well known in the art. Such articles are known for use as surgically implantable human breast prostheses and external breast ?rostheses.
.. ,.. :, Cronin in U.S. Patent No. 3,2!~3,663 af Dec.l!66 describes a silicone rubber container filled wi~h a soft silicone gel as an implantable breast prosthesis. Cronin describes a suitable gel as belng one disclosed by Nelson in U.S. Pa~ent No.
3,020~260 of Feb.J62. ~he organosiloxaie gel disclos~d by Nelson is a reaction product of an intimate mixture of a triorganosiloxy endblocked polydiorganosiloxane having a viscosity of 100 to 10,000 cs~ ~approximately 0.1 to 10 pascal-seconds) at 25C. and at least 0.174 molar pTecent of the units are RViSiO where Vi is vinyl and R is methyl or phenyl, and a liquid hydrogensilo~ane of the formula HRCH3siO~R2si)nsiCH3RH
~"here R is methyl or phenyl and n has a value to provide a ~iscosity of no more than 10,000 cs (approximately 10 pascal-se onds) at 25C. and a platinum catalyst. These gels have at least one RViSiO unit for each silicon-bonded hydrogen atom. Cronin uses a gel where the ratio of atoms of silicon-bonded hydrogen per gram molecular weight of triorganosiloxy endblocked polydiorganosiloxane is adjusted ~o about 1.3 and where this gel preferably has a pene~ration from 30.0 to 20.0 mm. Cronin also suggests that ~he gel should be one which is inert toward the container.
Other references to implantable prostheses include U.S.
3a Patent ~os.3,559,214 to Pan ~an of l~eb./71; 3,600,718 to Bootle ~f ~ug./71;
3,665,520 to Perras et al; 3,681,787 to Perras of A~g./72;
-B
~0965Z~
3,852,832 to M~:Ghan et al of Dec,i~74; and 3,934,274 to Hartley of 3an/76.
- External breast prostheses using silrQone rubber containers and filled with silicone gel are described ~ Hankin et al in U.S. Patent 3,896,506 of July/75 and Hankin in U.S. Patent No. 3,911,503 of Qct/75. I~ese va ~ous patents describe methods of manufacture, designs and construction of both implantable and external breast prostheses. They also show the desirability of using silicone rubber containers with a silicone gel filling because of the low reactivity of the body toward the silicone materials and because the silicone materials may be easily cleaned and sterilized by steam or boiling water. Although - these reerences show the desirability of the silicone materials, they do not discuss the problem encountered in using a silicone rubber as the container material and a silicone gel as the filling material. When a silicone gel is in contact with a ~ilicone rubber, there is a tendency for components of the gel to exude through the silicone - rubber. If the gel filled silicone rubber container is an ex~ernal breast prosthesis~ the exudate will stain the wearer's clothing and be embarrassing. It is, therefore, desirable ~o reduce or eliminate the exudation, oiling or bleed of the gel components through the silicone rubber container. The prior art silicone gel filled silicone rubber containers have an undesirable amount of oiling or bleed because in order to obtain the desired penetration values for the gel with the appropriate natural simulated characteristics, large amounts of unreacted fluid were included in the gel network. This fluid would bleed through the silicone rubber containar walls and thus be a problem as described above. A oombination of materlals ~2-5 ~
has no~ been discovered which will provide an article with reduced oiling without departing from the desirable silicone materials.
An object of this invention is to provide a low oiling silicone gel filled silicone rubber container.
A silicone rubber comprising a gum of an essentially polydimethylsiloxane is used for container walls which are in contact with a silicone gel which is a crosslinked polydimethylsiloxane. Such articles have low oiling characteristics where the linear swell of the silicone rubber is less than 5 percent ~hen the silicone rubber is encapsulated in the gel for 21 days at room temperature. These articles are useful as breast prostheses such as the external type, as well as, for other prostheses, pillows and pads.
One preerred silicone gel is prepared from dimethylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane which has an effecti~e viscosity of 4.5 to 30 pascal-seconds (Pa s) at 25C, This invention relates to a gel filled flexible article comprising a flexible container having at least a portion of the container wall composed o-f silicone rubber which is less than 0.0015 metres thick and said silicone rubber comprising a gum which is essentially polydimethyl-siloxane, said container containing silicone gel which at least contacts the container wall composed of silicone rubber, said gel has a penetration of ~rom 10 to 60 milli-metres and produces a linear swell of the silicone rubber when said silicone rubber is encapsulated in the gel for 21 days at room temperature of less than 5 percent, and ~ 5 ~
said gel comprising a crosslinked essentially polydimethyl-siloxane.
The articles of this invention can be of any construction and can be made by any method inasmuch as the design, construction or method of manufacture constitutes no part of the present invention except that at least part of the wall portion which is made of silicone rubber be in contact with silicone gel. This combination is part of the invention because it is this relationship which will result in oiling or bleed.
Containers which have walls made of silicone rubber which is less than 0.001~ metre thick and which have silicone gel in contact with the silicone rubber wall will oil excessively unless the silicone rubber wall material has a linear swell of less than 5 percent ~hen encapsulated in the silicone gel for 21 days at room temperature. Suitable combinations of wall material and gel can readily be determined by a simple swell test~
The container need not ha~e all the walls made of silicone rubber as long as some portion of a silicone - -rubber wall is in contact with silicone gel. The silicone rubber is based on an essentially polydimethylsiloxane gum which has been cured. By essentially polydimethylsiloxane it is to be understood that the gum is composed primarily of dimethylsiloxane Wlits but that other diorganosiloxane units can be present such as methylvinylsiloxane units, methyl-phenylsiloxane units; diphenylsiloxane units and 3,3,3-t-rifluoropropylsiloxane units, there being no more than 2 mol percent methylvinylsiloxane units and less than ~5 mol percent of other diorganosiloxane units where the mol percentages are based on the total number of diorganosiloxane ~ 9 ~
units in the gum. The gum can also contain minor amounts of monoorganosiloxane units and SiO2 units which provide branching. The gums can be endblocked by conventional endblocking units such as triorganosiloxy units, such as dimethylvinylsiloxy units, trimethylsiloxy units or methylphenylvinylsiloxy units or hydroxyl groups. These gums are well known in the art and need not be discussed further.
The silicone rubber is well known and can contain fillers, such as reinforcing silica filler, processing aids, additives, pigments and can be vulcanized by conventional means, such as with organic peroxides, electromagnetic radiation, or by using a polysiloxane crosslinker containing silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms with a vinyl containing gum and a platinum catalyst. The proportions of these ingredients are well known in the art and those skilled in the silicone rubber art can readily adjust the ingredients and proportions to provide a silicone rubber which will suit their particular desires in physical properties.
The silicone gel suitable for this invention has a penetration of 10 to 6~ millimetres and is a crosslinked polydimethylsiloxanec The gel must provide a linear swell of less than S percent to the silicone rubber when the silicone rubber is encapsulated in the gel for 21 days at room temperature. Preferably, the gel provides a linear swell of less than 5 percent to the silicone rubber when the silicone rubber is encapsulated in the gel for 60 days. The linear swell test is defined in more detail herein. The silicone gel is a crosslinked essentially polydimethylsiloxane. As stated above for the gum, other diorganosiloxane unlts, monoorganosiloxane units and SiO2 units can be present in the gel in amounts similar to - ;
those stated for the gum.
One particular type of silicone gel suitable to provide less than 5 percent linear swell is based on a methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane which has an effective viscosity of 4.5 to 30 Pa's at 25C. By the phrase "an effective viscosity of 4.5 to 30 Pa's at 25C."
is meant that the base polymer has a viscos;.ty of 4.5 to 30 Pa s at 25C. or the base polymer in combination with suitable "in si*u" chain extenders provides a gel which for all practical purposes is equivalent to a gel prepared from a base polymer having a viscosity of 4.5 to 30 Pa s at 25C. It has been found that this type of crosslinked polydimethylsiloxane gel in combination with the silicone rubbel provides the desired linear swell.
The gel is to have a penetration of from 10 to 60 -millimetres as determined by the method described in U.S. Patent No. 3,293~663. Preferably, the penetration is from 25 to 45 millimetres, particularly for the breast prosthesis articles. Although the penetration values are not different from most gels used in these types of articles, it is pertinent to provide a range of penetration values for this invention in that the penetration values provide a means ~o determine a suitable degree of crosslinXing wherein the base polymers have the viscosity range of 4.5 to 30 Pa s at 25C. The penetration values were obtained in prior art gels by using large amounts of unreacted fluid in the gel preparation such as trimethyl-siloxy endbloc~ed polydimethylsiloxane fluid. These ~9~5;~
.
types of fluids, because they remain unreacted, readily bleed through the silicone rubber container walls. Prior art gels which were examined and which did not contain the unreacted fluids were either too low in penetration values and rubber-like and/or would still bleed in undesirable amounts. It was found that only by providing a gel which provided less than 5 percent linear swell in the silicone rubber as stated above could the bleeding be reduced. One way of reducing the linear swell below 5 percent and likewise 1~ reducing the bleed through the silicone rubber container walls was by making a gel from a methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane which had a viscosity from 4.5 to 30 Pa-s at 25C., and preferably from 6 to 12 Pa-s at Z5C.
Although polymers of higher viscosity may also provide less than 5 percent linear swell, these polymers are difficult to work with, have a delicate stoichiometry and low penetration values.
The gels may be best prepared by mixing a methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a visc~sity of 0.1 to 6 Pa's at 25C~, preferably from 1.5 to 3 Pa's at 25C., a dimethylhydrogensiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a viscosity of less than 0.5 Pa s at 25C. present in an amount sufficient to provide an effective viscosity for the methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane of 4.5 to 30 Pa-s at 25C., a polymethylsiloxane having an average of at least three silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms per molecule where the polymethylsiloxane is present in an amount to provide a ratio of total silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms to vinyl radicals in the composition of from 0.2 to 0.8, preferably from 0.3 to 0.74 and a catalytic amount of a compatible platinum catalyst.
The methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethyl-siloxanes are known in the art, as are the o~her ingredients.
The general concept of chain extension for systems containing vinyl endblocked base polymers, silicon-bonded hydrogen polymers, silicon-bonded hydrogen endblocked chain extenders, polymethylsiloxanes containing at least three silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms and platinum catalysts are known for the preparation of silicone elastomers. These ingredients are further defined by Polmanteer et al. in U.S. Patent No.
1~ 3,697,473. Although Polmanteer et al. describe the various ingredients, they do not describe the preparation of gels as used herein.
The dimethylhydrogensiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane is present in the composition to make the gel in amounts sufficient to provide the base polymer with a viscosity of 4.~ to 30 Pa-s at 25C. Inasmuch as the silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of this chain extender can vary considerably~ as well as, the viscosity of the base polymer, any numerical value or the amount of chain extender is less precise than the above statement. To determine the amount of chain extender ~or a given base polymer viscosity and chain extender, silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content, one can mix the two in varying ratios with a small amount of platinum catalyst and then measure the viscosity after the material has reacted which takes only a few minutes. The desired combination can then be selected and used in the preparation of the gel. Preerably, the dimethylhydrogensiloxy endbloc~ed polydimethylsilo~ane has a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.1 to 0.~
waight percent based on the weight of the chain extender and ~0 ~ ~ 2~
is present in amou~ts to provide an effective viscosity for the methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane of 6 to 12 Pa-s at 25C.
After the amount of chain extender has been determined, the amount of crosslinker, the polymethylsiloxane, can then be found by using an amount sufficient to provide a ratio of total silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms to vinyl ', ~
radicals of the base polymer in the~ composition of from 0.2 to 0.8, preferably from 0.3 to 0.74. The polyme~hylsiloxane can be any of a broad spectrum o~ siloxanes having silicon-bonded methyl radicals, where the units can be various combinations selected from dimethylsiloxane units, methylhydrogensiloxane units, trimethylsiloxy units, dimethylhydrogensiloxy units, monomethylsiloxane units, SiO2 units and hydrogensiloxane units.
The polymethylsiloxan~ has an average of at least three silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms per molecule and can contain 10 or more per molecule, preferably the polymethylsiloxane has an average of 4 to 8 silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms per molecule. The preferred polymethylsiloxanes are those which contain trimethylsiloxy units, dimethylsiloxane units and methylhydrogensiloxane units with a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of from 0.5 to 1.0 weight percent based on the weight of the polym~thylsiloxane and a viscosity of less than 0.5 Pa s at 25C.
The platinum catalysts can be those which are described in Polmanteer et al. and which are compatible in the siloxane composition. The platinum catalysts are preferably the complexed platinum catalysts, such as the silicone platinum catalyst described by Willing in U.S. Pacent No. 3~419~;930f Dec./68. The platinum catalyst is ~,. ".,, ~
5 Z~
used in catalytic amounts such as greater than about 0.1 part by wei~ht platinum per one million parts by weight of composition.
Tlle gel can also contain pigments if it is desirable to provide a colored gel with a clear silicone rubber container or the silicone rubber can be pigmented to provide a colored article or both can be pigmented to provide a colored article. Color can also be produced by dyes.
The gel can be cured by allowing it to set at room temperature or it can be cured by heating it at a temperature of from 100 to 200C. for from 10 to 60 minutes. Certainly other curing conditions may be found suitable and can be used so long as the desired gel ch~racteristics are not destroyed. Inasmuch as, a combination of vi~yl containing polymer, silicon-bonded hydrogen containing components and platinum catalyst will react at room temperature, they should not be stored in combination unless cure is desired.
Preferably, it is desirable to mix the ingredients, except for the platinum catalyst and add the platinum catalyst just prior to the filling of the container which has a wall which is at least part silicone rubber of less than 0.0015 metre thick and then the gel composition is cured to a gel by heating.
The silicone gels which are suitable for this inven*ion are those which provide less than a 5 percent linear swell for the silicone rubber when the silicone rubber is encapsulated in the gel or 21 days at room temperature, preferably less than 5 percent linear swell for the silicone rubber ~rhen the silicone rubber is encapsulated in the gel ~ 5 ~9 for 60 days at room temperature. The linear swell as used herein was determined by cutting a piece of silicone rubber of the appropriate thickness and about 2.8 by 5.0 centimetres.
The sample length is measured to the nearest 0.01 centimetre.
The sample is carefully-cleaned by using isopropanol and allowed to dry before further testing. The test sample is then completely immersed in the gel to be tested and the resulting assembly is co~ered and allowed to stand for a designated time at room temperature. After the predetermined time, the silicone rubber test piece is removed from the gel and the length is measured to the nearest 0.01 centimetre.
The percent linear swell is determined by subtracting the original length from the final length and multiplying by 100.
If several time periods of immersion are desired, one can replace the test piece in the gel and continue the test for additional time.
The gel filled flexible articles of this invention were found to have reduced bleed or oiling and thus are more useful as an external breast prosthesis. This reduced bleeding characteristic was observed where the silicone rubber was based on an essentially polydimethylsiloxane gum and the gel in contact with this silicone rubber provided linear swell of less than 5 percent.
The bleed as shown in the examples was determined by lining a crystallization dish with aluminum foil, washing the aluminum foil with isopropanol and then drying for about 10 minutes in an oven at 100C., cooling the dish to room temperature, weighing the dish, washing a gel filled flexible article with isopropanol, and then placing the article in the dish and storing it in a clean, dry place which is free of any ~09~
possible dust contaimination or other possible causes ~or weight increases. After a predetermined time period, the dish containing the article is filled with isopropanol, the article is then moved in the isopropanol for two or three minutes and then the article is lifted from the dish allowing all the solvent to drip into the dish. The removed article is then washed thoroughly by spraying a stream of isopropanol over the article surface while allowing the wash to drip into the dish. The rinsing is repeated three times. After all the isopropanol has dripped into the dish, the article is allowed to air dry and the dish containing the isopropanol solution is placed on a hot plate and heated gently to slowly evaporate some of the isopropanol. When a small amount of solution remains the dish is placed in a 100C. oven for about 10 minutes to e~aporate the remaining isopropanol. The dish is removed from the oven, allowed to cool to room temperature and then weighed. The amount of bleed is determined by subtracting the original weight from the final weight and the result is the amount of material which exuded from the article and is the amount of bleed.
The following examples are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention which is properly delineated in the claims. All parts are parts by weight unless otherwise stated and all viscosities are at 25C. unless otherwise stated.
A. A silicone ~el was prepared by mixing 97.5 parts of methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethyl-siloxane having a viscosity o~ 0.00216 square metres per &5Z~
second ~m2/s~ (hereinafter identified as Polymer A), 2.40 parts of dimethylhydrogensiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.159 percent by weight and sufficient to provide Polymer A with an effective viscosity of 0.0101 m2/s (about 10.1 Pa-s), 0.21 part of trimethylsiloxy endblocked polymethylsiloxane having 20 mol percent trimethylsiloxy units, 30 mol percent dimethylsiloxane units and 50 mol percent methylhydrogensiloxane units and having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.779 percent by weight and 0.1 part of a chloroplatinic acid catalyst complex with symmetrical divinyltetramethyldi-siloxane containing about 0.65 weight percent platinum and prepared in accordance with the method de~ined in U.S. Patent No. 3,419,593. The resulting mixture was heated for 20 minutes at 160C. to cure the composition~ The molecular weight of the methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane can be approximated by the formula in U.S. Patent No. 3,020,260.
B. A silicone gel was prepared by mixing 98.2 parts of Polymer A, 1.70 part of dimethylhydrogensiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.159 percent by weight and sufficient to provide Polymer A with an effective viscosity of 0.0049 m2/s ~about 4.9 Pa s), 0.27 part of the polymethylsiloxane described in A. above with a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.779 percent by weight and 0.1 part of the platinum catalyst as defined in A. above. The resulting mixture was cured by heating at 160C. for 20 minutes.
C. A silicone gel was prepared by mixing 97.62 parts of methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethyl-siloxane having a viscosiky of 0.00184 m2/s ~about 1.84 ~96~Z~
Pa~s), 2.10 part of dime~hylhydrogensiloxy endbloc~ed polydimethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.159 percent by weight and sufficient to provide methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane an effective viscosity of 0.0046 m2/s (about 4.6 Pa-s), 0.28 part by weight of the polymethylsiloxane, 0.28 part of the polymethylsiloxane defined in A. above having a - silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.779 percent by weight and 0.04 part of the platinum catalyst as defined in A. above. The resulting mixture was cured by heating at 160C. for 20 minutes.
D. A silicone gel was prepared by mixing 99.90 parts of methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a viscosity of 0.00912 m2/s (about 9.12 Pa s), 0.22 part of the polymethylsiloxane defined in A. above having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.779 percent by weight and 0.1 part of platinum catalyst as defined in A.
above. The resulting mixture was cured by heating for 20 minutes at 160C.
E. A silicone gel was prepared for comparative purposes by mixing 99.53 parts of Polymer A, 0.37 part of the polymethylsiloxane as deined in A. above having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.779 percent by weight and 0.1 part of platinum catalyst as defined in A. above. The resulting mixture was cured by heating 30 minutes at 150C.
P. A silicone gel was prepared for comparative purposes by mixing 99.97 parts of trimethylsiloxy endblocked polydiorganosiloxane having dimethylsiloxane uni~s and methylvinylsiloxane units having about 0.3 weight percent ~33 ~ S Z~
vinyl radical and having a viscosity of about 0.8 Pa s (hereinafter identified as Polymer B) and 0.03 part of the platinum catalyst as defined in A. above. To 100 parts of the resulting mixture, 3.62 parts of polymethylsiloxane defined in Ao above having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.159 percent by weight was added. The resulting mixtuTe was cured by heating fsr 30 minutes at 150C.
G. A silicone gel was prepared for comparative purposes by mixing 91.22 parts of Polymer B9 8.75 parts of a trimethylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a small amount of monomethylsiloxane units and having a viscosity of 0.0001 m2/s (about 0.1 Pa s), and 0.03 part of platinum catalyst as defined in A. above. To 100 parts of the resulting mixture, 3.30 parts of the polymethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.159 percent by weight was added. The resulting mixture was cured by heating at 150C, for 30 minu~es.
~ l. A silicone gel was prepared -for comparative purposes by mixing 91.22 parts of Polymer B, 8.75 parts of trimethylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a viscosity of 0.001 m2/s (about 1.0 Pa's) and 0.03 part of platinum catalyst as defined in A. above. To 100 parts of the resulting mixture, 3.30 parts of the polymethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.159 percent by weight was added. The resulting mixture was cured by heating at 150C. for 30 minutes.
I. A silicone gel was prepared by mixing 96.60 parts of Polymer A, 3.30 parts of dimethylhydrogensiloxy endblocl~ed polydimethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.15~ percent by weight and ~09~iZ'~
suficient to provide Polymer A with an-effective viscosity of 0.023 m2/s (about 23 Pa's), 0.12 part of the polymethyl-siloxane as defined in A. above having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.779 percent by weight and 0.1 part of the platinum catalyst as defined in A. above.
The resulting mixture was cured by heating for 20 minutes at 160C.
J. A silicone gel was prepared by mixing 97,46 parts of methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethyl-siloxane having a viscosity of 0.001968 m2/s (about 1.968 Pa s), ~hereinafter identified as Polymer C), 2.50 parts of dimethyl-hydrogensiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.172 percent by weight and sufficient to provide Polymer C with an effective viscosity of 0.0064 m2/s (about 6.4 Pa-s) and 0.325 parts of the polymethylsiloxane defined in A. above having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.782 percent by weight. To 100 part~ of the resulting mixture~ 0.04 part of platinum catalyst as defined in A. above was added.
The resulting mixture was cured by heating for 20 minutes at 160C.
K. ~ silicone gel was prepared by mixing 97.49 parts of Polymer C, 2.51 parts of dimethylhydrogensiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.172 percent by weight and sufficient to provide Polymer C with an e~fective viscosity of 0.006~ m2/s (about 6.4 Pa-s) and 0.29 part o-f the polymethylsiloxane defined in A. above having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content o-f 0.782 percent by weight. To 100 parts of the resulting mixture, 0.04 part 65~
of the platinum catalyst as defined in A. above was added.
The resulting mixture was cured by heating at 160C. for 20 minutes.
L. A silicone gel was prepared by mixing 97.50 parts of Polymer C, 2.51 parts of dimethylhydrogensiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom content of 0.172 percent by weight and sufficient to provide Polymer C with an effective viscosity of 0.0064 m2/s (ab,out 6.4 Pa s) and 0.28 part of the polymethyl-siloxane having a silicon-bo~ded hydrogen atom content of 0.782 percent by weight. To 100 parts of the resulting mixture, 0.04 part of the platinum catalyst defined in A.
above was added. The resulting mixture was cured by heating at 160C. for 20 minutes.
M. A silicone gel was prepared by mixing 99.73 part of methylphenyl~inylsiloxy endblocked polydimethyl-siloxane having a viscosity of 0.0092 m2/s (about 9.2 Pa s), 0.23 part of the polymethylsiloxane as defined in A. above having a silicon-bonded hydroge~ atom content of 0.782 percent by weight and 0.04 part of the platinum catalyst defined in ~. above. The resulting mixture was cured by heating for 20 mi~utes at 160C.
The bleed was determined on the silicone gel filled rubber article by the test defined above. The articles were an external breast prosthesis, with a silicone gel as identified in Table I. The silicone rubber was a rei~forced silica filled polydimethylsiloxane gum which was vulcanized with 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide. The silicone rubber container has part of the wall of about 0.0006 metre thick and the remaining part o the wall of about 0.0011 metre
2~
thick. The silicone rubber containers for each test were the same size and were filled with approximately equal amounta of gel composition. The containers were filled with gel composition as defined and then the containers were sealed and allowed to stand for about 20 minutes, any air pockets were removed by a hypodermic syringe and the hole made by the needle sealed after the air was removed. The deaired, gel filled container was then cured in an oven at the cure temperature and ~or the times indicated for each gel composition.
The penetration was determined on cured gel samples as defined herein and the linear swell was also done as defined herein using the same cured silicone rubber as used in making the containers. The results of the bleed test9 the linear swell test and the penetration were as shown in Table I, Exam~le 2 - This example iâ presented to assist those in determining the manner to use the chain extension technique.
In Table II compositions prepared by mixing 97.86 parts of methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a viscosity aa shown in Table II as the vinyl polymer, 2.10 parts of dimethylhydrogensiloxy endblocked polydimethyl-siloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom ~SiH) content as shown in Table II and 0.04 part of the platinum catalyst as defined in Example 1, A. The resulting viscosity of the reacted mix~ures were determined and were as shown in Table II.
`D O~
. . l . . . . . .
~ ~ ~ ~r~ oo 01 co ~t +~ ~l `D
¢
^ r~ al a~ ~ ~ u~ Oo n~ 1~ ~ I ~ a ~ d~ ~ ~0 1 1 1 1 a) ~
r~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ o oo ~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ c~ ~ l ~ l l l a . . . . . O
s~ o O O O O O O O o H 5) ~O
U) ¢
. ~ ~ U~
C~
a~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ ,~
~ ~ . . . . . . . . I
p: ~1 O O O O O O O O O O O O
~1 O ~ a~ o ~ O ~ ~ ~
U) O
0 , a~ . 5 P~
O r~
.,1 ~ ~d ,,1 S~
V~ ~ * ;~
O ¢al C-J~11~ ~ C~ I H t~
~ O
O ~
h ~1 O
C~ ~C
~ ~n a~ ~
~O `D oO O ~ ~ ~ ~O
.,l o o o o o o o o ~
~ ~ o o o o o o o o 9 .~ o ~ o o o o o o o o o o :~
'~
o ~L/~
thick. The silicone rubber containers for each test were the same size and were filled with approximately equal amounta of gel composition. The containers were filled with gel composition as defined and then the containers were sealed and allowed to stand for about 20 minutes, any air pockets were removed by a hypodermic syringe and the hole made by the needle sealed after the air was removed. The deaired, gel filled container was then cured in an oven at the cure temperature and ~or the times indicated for each gel composition.
The penetration was determined on cured gel samples as defined herein and the linear swell was also done as defined herein using the same cured silicone rubber as used in making the containers. The results of the bleed test9 the linear swell test and the penetration were as shown in Table I, Exam~le 2 - This example iâ presented to assist those in determining the manner to use the chain extension technique.
In Table II compositions prepared by mixing 97.86 parts of methylphenylvinylsiloxy endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a viscosity aa shown in Table II as the vinyl polymer, 2.10 parts of dimethylhydrogensiloxy endblocked polydimethyl-siloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom ~SiH) content as shown in Table II and 0.04 part of the platinum catalyst as defined in Example 1, A. The resulting viscosity of the reacted mix~ures were determined and were as shown in Table II.
`D O~
. . l . . . . . .
~ ~ ~ ~r~ oo 01 co ~t +~ ~l `D
¢
^ r~ al a~ ~ ~ u~ Oo n~ 1~ ~ I ~ a ~ d~ ~ ~0 1 1 1 1 a) ~
r~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ o oo ~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ c~ ~ l ~ l l l a . . . . . O
s~ o O O O O O O O o H 5) ~O
U) ¢
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Claims
1. In a gel filled flexible article comprising a flexible container having at least a portion of the container wall composed of silicone rubber which is less than about 0.0015 meter thick and said container contain-ing silicone gel which contacts at least a portion of the container wall, the improvement which comprises the silicone rubber and the silicone gel being selected in combination such that the silicone rubber is essentially a polydimethylsiloxane gum and the silicone gel comprises cross-linked essentially polydimethylsiloxane having a penetration of 10 to 60 millimeters and producing a linear swell of the silicone rubber when the rubber is encapsulated in the gel for 21 days at room temperature of less than 5 percent.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US69070676A | 1976-05-27 | 1976-05-27 | |
| US690,706 | 1976-05-27 | ||
| US755,322 | 1976-12-29 | ||
| US05/755,322 US4100627A (en) | 1976-05-27 | 1976-12-29 | Low oiling gel filled flexible articles and gels therefor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1096529A true CA1096529A (en) | 1981-02-24 |
Family
ID=27104656
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA273,301A Expired CA1096529A (en) | 1976-05-27 | 1977-03-07 | Low oiling silicone gel filled flexible articles and gels therefor |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (2) | JPS52144053A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU509646B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1096529A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2711383C3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2352851A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1582081A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1075725B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7702582L (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4122246A (en) * | 1977-09-21 | 1978-10-24 | Dow Corning Corporation | Method of preventing discoloration of platinum containing silicone gels |
| WO1981001650A1 (en) * | 1979-12-17 | 1981-06-25 | Dow Corning | Silicone gel-filled silicone rubber article possessing reduced surface-bleed |
| US4340709A (en) * | 1980-07-16 | 1982-07-20 | General Electric Company | Addition curing silicone compositions |
| WO1982000583A1 (en) * | 1980-08-19 | 1982-03-04 | B Knoche | Mammary prosthesis and process for the manufacture thereof |
| FR2498446B1 (en) * | 1981-01-26 | 1985-05-24 | Inst Nat Sante Rech Med | METHOD FOR TREATING A BREAST-PROSTHESIS AND PROSTHESIS OBTAINED |
| JPS6058952U (en) * | 1983-09-29 | 1985-04-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Belt tension adjustment device |
| WO1986003503A1 (en) * | 1984-12-03 | 1986-06-19 | American Telephone & Telegraph Company | Method of manufacturing articles containing stabilized polymers (gels) |
| DE3624776A1 (en) * | 1986-07-22 | 1988-01-28 | Bayer Ag | SOFT SILICONE ELASTOMERS |
| FR2624874B1 (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1990-06-08 | Dow Corning Sa | GELIFIABLE COMPOSITION BASED ON ORGANOSILOXANES, GEL PRODUCED FROM THIS COMPOSITION, AND DRESSING AND PROSTHESIS CONTAINING THIS GEL |
| JP3618446B2 (en) * | 1995-10-18 | 2005-02-09 | 東レ・ダウコーニング・シリコーン株式会社 | Organopolysiloxane composition for impregnating electronic parts and electronic parts |
| US5895656A (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 1999-04-20 | Life Medical Sciences, Inc. | Gas or gel-filled silicone cushion for treatment of keloid and hypertrophic scars |
| JP5168732B2 (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2013-03-27 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | Silicone gel composition providing a cured product having displacement durability |
| DE102008060087A1 (en) | 2008-12-02 | 2010-06-17 | Amoena Medizin-Orthopädie-Technik GmbH | Extracorporeal breast prosthesis for breast ablation, has cup-shaped body bonded with multiple chambers in plastics material foils, and filling material pigmented with polymer colorant, which is water-soluble or oil-soluble |
| JP5611856B2 (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2014-10-22 | 株式会社カネカ | Foamable liquid resin composition and foam |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3020260A (en) * | 1960-08-18 | 1962-02-06 | Dow Corning | Organosiloxane potting compound |
| US3681787A (en) * | 1971-03-26 | 1972-08-08 | Moxness Products Inc | Implantable breast prosthesis filled with gels of different densities |
| GB1373055A (en) * | 1971-07-06 | 1974-11-06 | Gen Electric | Organosiloxane gel |
| US3896506A (en) * | 1974-01-21 | 1975-07-29 | George Hankin | Breast prosthesis |
| US3911503A (en) * | 1974-01-21 | 1975-10-14 | George Hankin | Breast prosthesis |
| DE2616057A1 (en) * | 1975-04-14 | 1976-10-28 | Gen Electric | ORGANOSILOXAN GELS |
| US4019209A (en) * | 1976-04-22 | 1977-04-26 | Spenco Medical Corporation | Artificial breast form and method of forming |
-
1977
- 1977-03-07 CA CA273,301A patent/CA1096529A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-03-08 SE SE7702582A patent/SE7702582L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-03-10 GB GB1015077A patent/GB1582081A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-03-15 AU AU23247/77A patent/AU509646B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-03-16 DE DE19772711383 patent/DE2711383C3/en not_active Expired
- 1977-04-12 JP JP4192277A patent/JPS52144053A/en active Granted
- 1977-04-21 IT IT2269777A patent/IT1075725B/en active
- 1977-05-02 FR FR7713183A patent/FR2352851A1/en active Granted
-
1978
- 1978-05-24 JP JP6213178A patent/JPS5415957A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE7702582L (en) | 1977-11-28 |
| FR2352851A1 (en) | 1977-12-23 |
| JPS5415957A (en) | 1979-02-06 |
| IT1075725B (en) | 1985-04-22 |
| AU2324777A (en) | 1978-09-21 |
| FR2352851B1 (en) | 1981-12-11 |
| AU509646B2 (en) | 1980-05-22 |
| JPS52144053A (en) | 1977-12-01 |
| JPS5541705B2 (en) | 1980-10-25 |
| DE2711383C3 (en) | 1979-08-23 |
| DE2711383A1 (en) | 1977-12-01 |
| GB1582081A (en) | 1980-12-31 |
| JPS5344503B2 (en) | 1978-11-29 |
| DE2711383B2 (en) | 1978-12-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |