CA1095723A - Bushing for apparatus for spinning glass fibers - Google Patents
Bushing for apparatus for spinning glass fibersInfo
- Publication number
- CA1095723A CA1095723A CA282,175A CA282175A CA1095723A CA 1095723 A CA1095723 A CA 1095723A CA 282175 A CA282175 A CA 282175A CA 1095723 A CA1095723 A CA 1095723A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bushing
- orifice plate
- members
- orifices
- glass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/08—Bushings, e.g. construction, bushing reinforcement means; Spinnerettes; Nozzles; Nozzle plates
- C03B37/083—Nozzles; Bushing nozzle plates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
BUSHING FOR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING GLASS FIBERS
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Disclosed is a bushing for spinning glass fibers having at its bottom an orifice plate provided with a great number of extremely densely disposed plain holes constituting orifices. In order to stiffen the orifice plate beam members are provided in the bushing to extend sub-stantially in parallel with and spaced from the orifice plate. Each beam member is fixed at its both ends to confronting walls of the bushing, and is connected to the orifice plate by means of rod members having a small diameter.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Disclosed is a bushing for spinning glass fibers having at its bottom an orifice plate provided with a great number of extremely densely disposed plain holes constituting orifices. In order to stiffen the orifice plate beam members are provided in the bushing to extend sub-stantially in parallel with and spaced from the orifice plate. Each beam member is fixed at its both ends to confronting walls of the bushing, and is connected to the orifice plate by means of rod members having a small diameter.
Description
~ 5'723 1 The present invention relates to a bushing for glass fiber spinning apparatus and~ more particularly, to an improvement in bushing having a bottom orifice plate provided with a number of extremely densely arranged orifices consisting of plain holes.
According to a current technique of manufactur-ing glass fibers, a bushing is used to contain molten glass which is the material o~ the glass fiber. The bushing is provided at its bottom with an orifice plate having 400 to 2000 orifices. The molten glass in the bushing is forced out through the orifices, by the static head-and viscosity, to assume a form of number of glass cones which are then mechanically drawn to be turned ' i into fibers.
This method, however, has been found inconvenient in that the orifice plate is apt to be bent and deflected to cause the lower surface convexed downwardly, &S the time elapses, due to a combined effect of weight of the molten glass in the bushing, spinning tensile force, high spinning temperature which well reaches 1100 to 1300C This deflec-tion of orifice plate ' causes a difference in the rates of heat radiation from i the glass cones suspended from the orifice plate, especially between the orifices located near the periphery of the orifice plate and the orifices located near the center of the orifice plate, resulting in an unstable spinning. ~
In addition, the deflection of the orifice ~j plate badly affectSthe stability of the glass cones to incur the breakdown of the later, due to an incre~scd 1~9S'7Z3 1 component of force to pull the glass cones laterally along the orifice plate. Moreover, the deflection of the orifice plate tends to cause so-called "flooding" in which the cones creep through capillary action along the underside of the orifice plate to join adjacent cones.
Once the flooding takes place, it is quite difficult to resume the separate flows of glass cones.
~ n order to avoid th~is inconvenience, various methods have been proposed and actually used, such as increasing the distance between adjacent orifices, thicken-ing of the orifice plate itself and provision of reinforcing ribs on the orlfice plate. However, these proposed methods have been found unsatisfactory because the size of the bushing becomes unacceptably large to 15 deteriorate the uniformly heated condition of the molten ;
glass held by the bushing, which renders the nature of the , glass flow i:rregular to incur the breakdown of the fibers, resulting in a deteriorated yield, or, even if the fibers ;
- are not broken, the diameter of the fibers inconvelliently ~
20 fluctuate to reduce the strength of the prc~uced fibers. i In addition~ since the orifice plate is made of platinu~, , the larger size of the bushing inevitably leads to a drastically raised cost of installation which can be compensated only by the raised price OI the produced f~x~s.
Recently, deman~s for increase of yield through increasing the nu*~r of orifices and reduction of cost of ins ~ - l lation through minimizing the size of the bushing are ¦
notable, as a fruit of which, nowadays, a bushing is uscd having an orifice plate provided with 2000 to 6000 plain -~0 hole orifices which are so densely arranged, e.~. at an . .
According to a current technique of manufactur-ing glass fibers, a bushing is used to contain molten glass which is the material o~ the glass fiber. The bushing is provided at its bottom with an orifice plate having 400 to 2000 orifices. The molten glass in the bushing is forced out through the orifices, by the static head-and viscosity, to assume a form of number of glass cones which are then mechanically drawn to be turned ' i into fibers.
This method, however, has been found inconvenient in that the orifice plate is apt to be bent and deflected to cause the lower surface convexed downwardly, &S the time elapses, due to a combined effect of weight of the molten glass in the bushing, spinning tensile force, high spinning temperature which well reaches 1100 to 1300C This deflec-tion of orifice plate ' causes a difference in the rates of heat radiation from i the glass cones suspended from the orifice plate, especially between the orifices located near the periphery of the orifice plate and the orifices located near the center of the orifice plate, resulting in an unstable spinning. ~
In addition, the deflection of the orifice ~j plate badly affectSthe stability of the glass cones to incur the breakdown of the later, due to an incre~scd 1~9S'7Z3 1 component of force to pull the glass cones laterally along the orifice plate. Moreover, the deflection of the orifice plate tends to cause so-called "flooding" in which the cones creep through capillary action along the underside of the orifice plate to join adjacent cones.
Once the flooding takes place, it is quite difficult to resume the separate flows of glass cones.
~ n order to avoid th~is inconvenience, various methods have been proposed and actually used, such as increasing the distance between adjacent orifices, thicken-ing of the orifice plate itself and provision of reinforcing ribs on the orlfice plate. However, these proposed methods have been found unsatisfactory because the size of the bushing becomes unacceptably large to 15 deteriorate the uniformly heated condition of the molten ;
glass held by the bushing, which renders the nature of the , glass flow i:rregular to incur the breakdown of the fibers, resulting in a deteriorated yield, or, even if the fibers ;
- are not broken, the diameter of the fibers inconvelliently ~
20 fluctuate to reduce the strength of the prc~uced fibers. i In addition~ since the orifice plate is made of platinu~, , the larger size of the bushing inevitably leads to a drastically raised cost of installation which can be compensated only by the raised price OI the produced f~x~s.
Recently, deman~s for increase of yield through increasing the nu*~r of orifices and reduction of cost of ins ~ - l lation through minimizing the size of the bushing are ¦
notable, as a fruit of which, nowadays, a bushing is uscd having an orifice plate provided with 2000 to 6000 plain -~0 hole orifices which are so densely arranged, e.~. at an . .
- 2 .~ '.
1~39S7~:3 :
1 interval of 3 mm or smaller, that the glass cones from the plain hole orifices join one another to cause the afore-mentioned flooding condition, if suitable means are not .
provided for preserving the separate flows of glass cones.
Thus in order to obtain a good spinning fromsuch bushing having densely arranged plain hole orifices, it is strictly required to avo`id the flooding at the underslde of the orifice plate by the flowing glass, l.e.
unde$irable joining of the glass cones with one another.
To this end, Specification of U.S.P. No. 3905790 discloses the use of air nozzles adap-ted to jet out cooling air upwardly to cool the underside of the orifice plate and the surfaces of the flowing glass cones, so as to increase the viscosity of the glass cones, thereby to prevent them from joining. However, in the apparatus as disclosed in this U.S. Patent specificationj the plain hole orifices are so densely provided that the orifice plate assumes almost a form of a net to exhibit too large deflection due to the reduced rigidity. Consequent-ly, the upward flow of the cooling air toward the orifice plate provides an uneven cooling effect on the glass ; cones, resulting in a fluctuation of the diameter of the fibers and, i.n the worse case, the breakdo~m of the fibers, which considerably deteriorates the working efficiency and the yield.
It has been proposed, in order to overcome the drawback attributable to the deflection of the bushing, to provide stiffening ribs on the orifice plate ~0 by means of, for example, welding. However, in th.e ~C~957;~3 1 modern bushing having an orifice plate provided with a greàt number of plain hole orifices arranged extremely densely, the orifice plate cannot have enough space for fixing the stiffening ribs thereto. Thus, the provision of the stiffening rib is possible only at a cost of enlarged space between adjacent rows of plain hole orifices at portions of the orifice plate where the ribs are to be secured, undesirably enlarging the area of the orifice plate, which is quite incompatible with the current demand for as large a number of orifices as pos-sible in a small area.
Moreover, when such stiffening ribs are provided, the glass cones at the underside of the orifice piate are inevitably divided into a plurality of sections by these ribs. Consequently, the heat radiating conditions are different for the glass cones at the inner and the outer sides of each group, such that the glass cones at the outer side perform larger heat radiation than those located at the inner side of each group, to exhibit correspondingly lowered temperature, causing an eneven temperature distribution over the orifice plate, which also badly affects the production efficiency.
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved bushing for spinning glass fibers having an orifice plate provided with an increased number of plain hole orifices per unit area, and sufficiently reinforced against deflectionO
According to the invention there is provided a bushing for a glass fiber spinning apparatus 10~5723 having at its bottom an orifice plate provided with a great number of orifices consisting of holes arranged so densely that molten glass cones associated with the respective orifices tend to join so as to cause a flooding condition at the downside of said orifice plate, said bushing further comprising at least one beam member disposed in said bushing and connected at both ends to opposing walls of said bushing, each such beam member extending in parallel with and spaced from said orifice plate, and at least one rod member extending substantially perpendicularly to said orifice plate and affixed at one end to a beam member and affixed at the other end to said orifice plate, each rod member having a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of one of said holes.
Such a bushing can be sufficiently reinforced without adversely affecting the quality of the produced fibers or the production efficiency, and can be provided at relatively low cost.
These and other objects, as well as advantageous features of the invention will become clear from the following description of the preferred embodiment taken in conjunction with the attached drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevational view of a bushing in accordance with the invention, Flg. 2 is a partial enlarged sectional front elevational view taken along the line II-II of Fig. 1, and ~95723 1 Fig. 3 is a partial plan view of the bushing as viewed from the upper side thereof, showing the detail of the internal structure of the bushing.
The invention will be described hereinafter with specific reference to the attached drawings.
Referring at first to Figs. 1 and 2, a bushing in accordance with the invention is provided at its bottom with an orifice plate 2 in which are formed a great number of orifices 1 in the form of extremely densely arranged plain holes. The bushing has opposing walls 3, 3' to which respecti~e ends of beam members 4, 4 ... are secured by means of, for example, welding.
~hese beam members 4, 4 ... extend in parallel with and spaced from the orifice plate 2. The beam members 4, 4 ... are connected to the orifice plate 2 through rod members 5 having a small diameter. ~he beam members 4 and the rod members 5 in combination constitute stiffen-ing or reinforcing members for the orifice plate.
As will be seen from Fig. 3, the beam members 4 are disposed to extend at right an~le to the longitudil~al direction of the bushing when the latter has a rectangular profile, and the number of beam members is selected depending on the size of the bushing, while the number ofrod members is suitably selected in accordance with the length of the beam member.
Needless to say, the beam members may be disposed to extend radially -from the center of a circle or may be arranged in parallel with one another, when a cylindrical bushing is used, and any other pattern of the arrangement of the beam members can be adopted, e.g.
1~5723 1 in the form of a lattice.
The dist~ce between the beam member and the orifice plate is preferably within a range of between 1.5 to 10 mm. A too small distance would adversely affect the supply of the molten glass to the orifices, while a too large distance wouid cause an excessively large elongation or strain of the rod members to deteriorate the stiffening effect on the orifice plate.
The beam member can have any deslred shape such as flat plate, rod, and is preferably made of platinum. Thus, in order to minimize the expense, the beam members are made small, insofar as they can ensure sufficient stiffening effect. Also, the rod members connectlng the beam members to the orifice plate ~
15 should be made as small as possible. ~or the same reason, i the number of beam members employed in a bushing, as well as the number of the r~d members for one beam member, should be made as small as possible, as far as they l promise the good stiffenin~ effect. I , ~ The pitches at which the beam members and the rod members are disposed, respectively, are typically 10 to 50 mm, and 5 to 20 mm, although they depend on the si7e of the orifice plate and the mlmber of plain hole orifices formed in the latter. tl lt ~hanks to the structural features as stated above, the orifice plate of the bushing in acco~dance ~¦
with the invention is rendered free from the force which would cause the downward d~flection of the orifice plate, since.the force is convenicntly born by the reinforcing members consisting of ~the beam and the rod members. In - ¦
- 7 ~
'I
1 addition, the reinforcing members occupy only a very limited area on the orifice plate. More specifically, the number of the orifices rendered invalid or useless by the provision of the reinforcing members is very small for the total number of the orifices, so that the -tempe-rature differential between the glass cones from respective orifices is conveniently reduced. Thus, according to the inventionS the entire area of the orifice plate can be effectively used for densely and uniformly locating the orifices, in good contrast to the conventional arrangement in which the distance between the adjacent orifices is made large at portions where the reinforcing members are located, or the orifices are arranged in a plurality of separate groups.
However, it is to be noted that the present invention is applicable also to those bushings as having an orifice plate provided with orifices arranged in groups separated by the reinforcing members, to effectively preven-t the orifice plate from being deflected at portions thereof where the groups of orifices are located.
Another advantage of the invention resides in that the separation of the joining glass cones into respective independent cones can be performed efficiently.
As mentioned before, this separation of the joining cones is usually effec-ted by upward flow of air jetted from air nozzles toward the underside of the orifice plate, so as to cool the orifice plate to facilitate the separation of the molten glass in the flooding condition from the orifice plate 9 thereby to promote the separation ~0 of the joining glass cones. However, as the separation ~95723 1 is performed to some extent, the temperature of the orifice plate is caused to rise again, as a result of the increased flow rate of the molten glass through the orifices and the correspondingly increased amount of heat brought out by the molten glass. This temperature rise undesirably causes rejoining of the glass cones.
~his tendency renders the separation work considerably difficult, especially when thè number of the orifices employed is large.
Hcwever, according to the invention, the separation of the joining glass cones is o~enced at first at p~rtions of the underside of the orifioe plate, where no orifioes are opened due to the provision of the rod mem~ers affixed to the orifioe plate, so that molten glass flooding over the under-side of the orifice~plate is separated into a plurality of groups of jolning glass cones. ~he separation then goes on in each group. It will be understood that such a ¦
procedure of the separation is less likely to cause the rejoining of the glass cones, greatly contributing to improve the separation efficiency.
In fact, according to the invention, the ti~e can be reduced to almost a half of that required by the conYentional technique, in separating thé joining glass cones.
~he advantageous features of the invention will be more fully understood from the following descrip-tion of examples of bushing in accordance with the invention.
Example 1 Glass fiber spinning was carried out by means _ 9 _ I
~ ', ~Q957;~3 1 of a bushing having at its bottom an orifice plate having 2000 orifices arranged at a constant pitch of 1.80 mm and reinforced by three reinforcing ribs directly attached thereto. The bushing could endure only 0.8 month, while another bushing having the same orifice plate but seven reinforcing members was found to be able to sustain for 2 months, but exhibited a bad spinning performance due to uneven temperature distribùtion over the orifice plate.
In good contrast to the above, it has been confirmed that a bushing in accordance with the invention incorporating 11 reinforcing members can endure for 12 months ? suffering no uneven temperature distribution over the orifices. The relnforcing members incorporated three rod members for each beam member, so that the orifice plate was supported at three points by each of the relnforcing member.
Example 2 Glass fiber spinning was conducted employing a bushing hav~ng at its bottom an orifice plate reinforced by five reinforcing members directlyfixed to the orifioe plate andprovided with 4,000 orifices disposed at a constant pitch ~!
of 1.80 mm. Due to the deflection of the orifice plate, ¦' this bushing could be used only for 0.6 months, and !
some uneven temperature distribution was observed, while a bushing of the invention incorporatinV 17 reinforcing members could be used for 10 mon-ths, exhibiting almost ' no uneven temperature distribution. The reinforcing i' members incorporated each had three rod members for each ,. ' I
- 10 -` ~
~' . '.
~ 1~957Z3 1 beam member, similarly with the Example 1.
As has been described, the present invention ensures a stable spinning of glass fibers, through avoidi.ng the deflection of orifice plate provided at a bushing, by a provision of reinforcing members each of ~Ihich consisting of beam members fixed at both ends to the wall of the bushing and rod members through which the beam member is connected to the orifice plate.
1~39S7~:3 :
1 interval of 3 mm or smaller, that the glass cones from the plain hole orifices join one another to cause the afore-mentioned flooding condition, if suitable means are not .
provided for preserving the separate flows of glass cones.
Thus in order to obtain a good spinning fromsuch bushing having densely arranged plain hole orifices, it is strictly required to avo`id the flooding at the underslde of the orifice plate by the flowing glass, l.e.
unde$irable joining of the glass cones with one another.
To this end, Specification of U.S.P. No. 3905790 discloses the use of air nozzles adap-ted to jet out cooling air upwardly to cool the underside of the orifice plate and the surfaces of the flowing glass cones, so as to increase the viscosity of the glass cones, thereby to prevent them from joining. However, in the apparatus as disclosed in this U.S. Patent specificationj the plain hole orifices are so densely provided that the orifice plate assumes almost a form of a net to exhibit too large deflection due to the reduced rigidity. Consequent-ly, the upward flow of the cooling air toward the orifice plate provides an uneven cooling effect on the glass ; cones, resulting in a fluctuation of the diameter of the fibers and, i.n the worse case, the breakdo~m of the fibers, which considerably deteriorates the working efficiency and the yield.
It has been proposed, in order to overcome the drawback attributable to the deflection of the bushing, to provide stiffening ribs on the orifice plate ~0 by means of, for example, welding. However, in th.e ~C~957;~3 1 modern bushing having an orifice plate provided with a greàt number of plain hole orifices arranged extremely densely, the orifice plate cannot have enough space for fixing the stiffening ribs thereto. Thus, the provision of the stiffening rib is possible only at a cost of enlarged space between adjacent rows of plain hole orifices at portions of the orifice plate where the ribs are to be secured, undesirably enlarging the area of the orifice plate, which is quite incompatible with the current demand for as large a number of orifices as pos-sible in a small area.
Moreover, when such stiffening ribs are provided, the glass cones at the underside of the orifice piate are inevitably divided into a plurality of sections by these ribs. Consequently, the heat radiating conditions are different for the glass cones at the inner and the outer sides of each group, such that the glass cones at the outer side perform larger heat radiation than those located at the inner side of each group, to exhibit correspondingly lowered temperature, causing an eneven temperature distribution over the orifice plate, which also badly affects the production efficiency.
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved bushing for spinning glass fibers having an orifice plate provided with an increased number of plain hole orifices per unit area, and sufficiently reinforced against deflectionO
According to the invention there is provided a bushing for a glass fiber spinning apparatus 10~5723 having at its bottom an orifice plate provided with a great number of orifices consisting of holes arranged so densely that molten glass cones associated with the respective orifices tend to join so as to cause a flooding condition at the downside of said orifice plate, said bushing further comprising at least one beam member disposed in said bushing and connected at both ends to opposing walls of said bushing, each such beam member extending in parallel with and spaced from said orifice plate, and at least one rod member extending substantially perpendicularly to said orifice plate and affixed at one end to a beam member and affixed at the other end to said orifice plate, each rod member having a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of one of said holes.
Such a bushing can be sufficiently reinforced without adversely affecting the quality of the produced fibers or the production efficiency, and can be provided at relatively low cost.
These and other objects, as well as advantageous features of the invention will become clear from the following description of the preferred embodiment taken in conjunction with the attached drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevational view of a bushing in accordance with the invention, Flg. 2 is a partial enlarged sectional front elevational view taken along the line II-II of Fig. 1, and ~95723 1 Fig. 3 is a partial plan view of the bushing as viewed from the upper side thereof, showing the detail of the internal structure of the bushing.
The invention will be described hereinafter with specific reference to the attached drawings.
Referring at first to Figs. 1 and 2, a bushing in accordance with the invention is provided at its bottom with an orifice plate 2 in which are formed a great number of orifices 1 in the form of extremely densely arranged plain holes. The bushing has opposing walls 3, 3' to which respecti~e ends of beam members 4, 4 ... are secured by means of, for example, welding.
~hese beam members 4, 4 ... extend in parallel with and spaced from the orifice plate 2. The beam members 4, 4 ... are connected to the orifice plate 2 through rod members 5 having a small diameter. ~he beam members 4 and the rod members 5 in combination constitute stiffen-ing or reinforcing members for the orifice plate.
As will be seen from Fig. 3, the beam members 4 are disposed to extend at right an~le to the longitudil~al direction of the bushing when the latter has a rectangular profile, and the number of beam members is selected depending on the size of the bushing, while the number ofrod members is suitably selected in accordance with the length of the beam member.
Needless to say, the beam members may be disposed to extend radially -from the center of a circle or may be arranged in parallel with one another, when a cylindrical bushing is used, and any other pattern of the arrangement of the beam members can be adopted, e.g.
1~5723 1 in the form of a lattice.
The dist~ce between the beam member and the orifice plate is preferably within a range of between 1.5 to 10 mm. A too small distance would adversely affect the supply of the molten glass to the orifices, while a too large distance wouid cause an excessively large elongation or strain of the rod members to deteriorate the stiffening effect on the orifice plate.
The beam member can have any deslred shape such as flat plate, rod, and is preferably made of platinum. Thus, in order to minimize the expense, the beam members are made small, insofar as they can ensure sufficient stiffening effect. Also, the rod members connectlng the beam members to the orifice plate ~
15 should be made as small as possible. ~or the same reason, i the number of beam members employed in a bushing, as well as the number of the r~d members for one beam member, should be made as small as possible, as far as they l promise the good stiffenin~ effect. I , ~ The pitches at which the beam members and the rod members are disposed, respectively, are typically 10 to 50 mm, and 5 to 20 mm, although they depend on the si7e of the orifice plate and the mlmber of plain hole orifices formed in the latter. tl lt ~hanks to the structural features as stated above, the orifice plate of the bushing in acco~dance ~¦
with the invention is rendered free from the force which would cause the downward d~flection of the orifice plate, since.the force is convenicntly born by the reinforcing members consisting of ~the beam and the rod members. In - ¦
- 7 ~
'I
1 addition, the reinforcing members occupy only a very limited area on the orifice plate. More specifically, the number of the orifices rendered invalid or useless by the provision of the reinforcing members is very small for the total number of the orifices, so that the -tempe-rature differential between the glass cones from respective orifices is conveniently reduced. Thus, according to the inventionS the entire area of the orifice plate can be effectively used for densely and uniformly locating the orifices, in good contrast to the conventional arrangement in which the distance between the adjacent orifices is made large at portions where the reinforcing members are located, or the orifices are arranged in a plurality of separate groups.
However, it is to be noted that the present invention is applicable also to those bushings as having an orifice plate provided with orifices arranged in groups separated by the reinforcing members, to effectively preven-t the orifice plate from being deflected at portions thereof where the groups of orifices are located.
Another advantage of the invention resides in that the separation of the joining glass cones into respective independent cones can be performed efficiently.
As mentioned before, this separation of the joining cones is usually effec-ted by upward flow of air jetted from air nozzles toward the underside of the orifice plate, so as to cool the orifice plate to facilitate the separation of the molten glass in the flooding condition from the orifice plate 9 thereby to promote the separation ~0 of the joining glass cones. However, as the separation ~95723 1 is performed to some extent, the temperature of the orifice plate is caused to rise again, as a result of the increased flow rate of the molten glass through the orifices and the correspondingly increased amount of heat brought out by the molten glass. This temperature rise undesirably causes rejoining of the glass cones.
~his tendency renders the separation work considerably difficult, especially when thè number of the orifices employed is large.
Hcwever, according to the invention, the separation of the joining glass cones is o~enced at first at p~rtions of the underside of the orifioe plate, where no orifioes are opened due to the provision of the rod mem~ers affixed to the orifioe plate, so that molten glass flooding over the under-side of the orifice~plate is separated into a plurality of groups of jolning glass cones. ~he separation then goes on in each group. It will be understood that such a ¦
procedure of the separation is less likely to cause the rejoining of the glass cones, greatly contributing to improve the separation efficiency.
In fact, according to the invention, the ti~e can be reduced to almost a half of that required by the conYentional technique, in separating thé joining glass cones.
~he advantageous features of the invention will be more fully understood from the following descrip-tion of examples of bushing in accordance with the invention.
Example 1 Glass fiber spinning was carried out by means _ 9 _ I
~ ', ~Q957;~3 1 of a bushing having at its bottom an orifice plate having 2000 orifices arranged at a constant pitch of 1.80 mm and reinforced by three reinforcing ribs directly attached thereto. The bushing could endure only 0.8 month, while another bushing having the same orifice plate but seven reinforcing members was found to be able to sustain for 2 months, but exhibited a bad spinning performance due to uneven temperature distribùtion over the orifice plate.
In good contrast to the above, it has been confirmed that a bushing in accordance with the invention incorporating 11 reinforcing members can endure for 12 months ? suffering no uneven temperature distribution over the orifices. The relnforcing members incorporated three rod members for each beam member, so that the orifice plate was supported at three points by each of the relnforcing member.
Example 2 Glass fiber spinning was conducted employing a bushing hav~ng at its bottom an orifice plate reinforced by five reinforcing members directlyfixed to the orifioe plate andprovided with 4,000 orifices disposed at a constant pitch ~!
of 1.80 mm. Due to the deflection of the orifice plate, ¦' this bushing could be used only for 0.6 months, and !
some uneven temperature distribution was observed, while a bushing of the invention incorporatinV 17 reinforcing members could be used for 10 mon-ths, exhibiting almost ' no uneven temperature distribution. The reinforcing i' members incorporated each had three rod members for each ,. ' I
- 10 -` ~
~' . '.
~ 1~957Z3 1 beam member, similarly with the Example 1.
As has been described, the present invention ensures a stable spinning of glass fibers, through avoidi.ng the deflection of orifice plate provided at a bushing, by a provision of reinforcing members each of ~Ihich consisting of beam members fixed at both ends to the wall of the bushing and rod members through which the beam member is connected to the orifice plate.
Claims (8)
1. A bushing for a glass fiber spinning apparatus, having at its bottom an orifice plate provided with a great number of orifices consisting of plain holes arranged so densely that molten glass cones associated with the respective orifices tend to join, so as to cause a flooding condition at the downside of said orifice plate, said bushing further comprising at least one beam member disposed in said bushing and connected at both ends to the opposing walls of said bushing, each such beam member extending in parallel with and spaced from said orifice plate, and at least one rod member affixed at one end to one such beam member and affixed at the other end to said orifice plate, each such rod member extending substantially perpendicularly to said orifice plate, each such rod member having a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of one of said plain holes.
2. A bushing as claimed in claim 1, wherein each rod member is fixedly inserted in one of said holes.
3. A bushing as claimed in claim 1, wherein each such beam member is spaced from said orifice plate by 1.5 to 10 mm.
4. A bushing as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of such beam members are disposed at a constant pitch in parallel relationship with one another.
5. A bushing as claimed in claim 4, wherein said beam members are disposed at a pitch of 10 to 50 mm.
6. A bushing as claimed in claim 1, 2, or 5, wherein a plurality of such rod members are disposed at a constant pitch of 5 to 20 mm along each beam member.
7. A bushing as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said bushing is cylindrical and a plurality of such beam members are arranged to intersect at the center of said bushing and extend radially therefrom.
8. A bushing as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said bushing is rectangular and a plurality of such beam members are provided in the form of a lattice.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP80724/76 | 1976-07-07 | ||
| JP8072476A JPS536626A (en) | 1976-07-07 | 1976-07-07 | Bushings for spinning glass fibers |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1095723A true CA1095723A (en) | 1981-02-17 |
Family
ID=13726300
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA282,175A Expired CA1095723A (en) | 1976-07-07 | 1977-07-06 | Bushing for apparatus for spinning glass fibers |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS536626A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE856532A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7704432A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1095723A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH622000A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2729860C3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2357492A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1523100A (en) |
| IN (1) | IN147893B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1082787B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX144286A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL167664C (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ184488A (en) |
| PT (1) | PT66770B (en) |
| TR (1) | TR19556A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA773887B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZA786825B (en) * | 1978-02-06 | 1979-10-31 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Stream feeder apparatus |
| DE3111484C2 (en) * | 1981-03-24 | 1983-12-22 | Diether 6203 Hochheim Böttger | Method and device for the production of glass fibers |
| EP2522638A1 (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2012-11-14 | 3B-Fibreglass SPRL | Reinforcing ribs for bushings tip plate |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5146859B2 (en) * | 1974-01-14 | 1976-12-11 | ||
| CA1070950A (en) * | 1974-10-15 | 1980-02-05 | Robert P. Carey | Support for bushing for containing heat-softenable material |
-
1976
- 1976-07-07 JP JP8072476A patent/JPS536626A/en active Granted
-
1977
- 1977-06-27 NZ NZ184488A patent/NZ184488A/en unknown
- 1977-06-27 IN IN966/CAL/77A patent/IN147893B/en unknown
- 1977-06-28 ZA ZA00773887A patent/ZA773887B/en unknown
- 1977-07-01 DE DE2729860A patent/DE2729860C3/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-04 CH CH816677A patent/CH622000A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-04 FR FR7720464A patent/FR2357492A1/en active Granted
- 1977-07-05 GB GB28085/77A patent/GB1523100A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-06 NL NL7707519A patent/NL167664C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-06 PT PT66770A patent/PT66770B/en unknown
- 1977-07-06 BR BR7704432A patent/BR7704432A/en unknown
- 1977-07-06 IT IT68571/77A patent/IT1082787B/en active
- 1977-07-06 MX MX169755A patent/MX144286A/en unknown
- 1977-07-06 BE BE179113A patent/BE856532A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-06 CA CA282,175A patent/CA1095723A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-06 TR TR19556A patent/TR19556A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE856532A (en) | 1978-01-06 |
| DE2729860B2 (en) | 1978-05-18 |
| NZ184488A (en) | 1980-05-08 |
| FR2357492B1 (en) | 1981-02-06 |
| FR2357492A1 (en) | 1978-02-03 |
| NL167664C (en) | 1982-01-18 |
| MX144286A (en) | 1981-09-23 |
| DE2729860C3 (en) | 1982-12-02 |
| AU2654277A (en) | 1978-04-06 |
| JPS5341250B2 (en) | 1978-11-01 |
| IT1082787B (en) | 1985-05-21 |
| JPS536626A (en) | 1978-01-21 |
| DE2729860A1 (en) | 1978-01-26 |
| NL7707519A (en) | 1978-01-10 |
| TR19556A (en) | 1979-08-01 |
| IN147893B (en) | 1980-08-02 |
| ZA773887B (en) | 1978-05-30 |
| BR7704432A (en) | 1978-05-02 |
| CH622000A5 (en) | 1981-03-13 |
| GB1523100A (en) | 1978-08-31 |
| PT66770A (en) | 1977-08-01 |
| NL167664B (en) | 1981-08-17 |
| PT66770B (en) | 1978-12-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |