CA1095259A - Addition of reactive elements in powder wire form to copper base alloys - Google Patents
Addition of reactive elements in powder wire form to copper base alloysInfo
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- CA1095259A CA1095259A CA298,912A CA298912A CA1095259A CA 1095259 A CA1095259 A CA 1095259A CA 298912 A CA298912 A CA 298912A CA 1095259 A CA1095259 A CA 1095259A
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A method for adding reactive elements to molten copper or copper base alloys is disclosed. This method prevents unwanted reactions and oxidation by adding the reactive elements to the molten metal in the form of a powder mixture placed within tubing which is compatible with said molten metal. This filled tubing is sealed and drawn down, if desired, to an appropriate size for rapid melting within said molten metal and consequent rapid dissolution of the reactive elements throughout the molten metal.
A method for adding reactive elements to molten copper or copper base alloys is disclosed. This method prevents unwanted reactions and oxidation by adding the reactive elements to the molten metal in the form of a powder mixture placed within tubing which is compatible with said molten metal. This filled tubing is sealed and drawn down, if desired, to an appropriate size for rapid melting within said molten metal and consequent rapid dissolution of the reactive elements throughout the molten metal.
Description
BA~K~ROUND OF ~HE INVENTION
Copper base alloys containing reactive elements tcr9 Ti, V~ Zr~ Mg, B, Be~ Sr, Y,-Ce~ Cb) pro~ide combinations of high strength and high electrical conducti~ity compared to pure cop~er or copper containing relatively common alloying elements. A certain problem, however, ls presented by ~he addition of these reactive elements to a copper base.
These elements usually possess high melting points which, along with their reactivity~ cause problems in the charging of these elements to a molten copper base.
The additlon of such reactive elements to copper and copper alloy bases has usually been accomplished by utlllzing a copper-reactive element master alloy as the charging system to the molten copper or copper alloy base.
This procedure adds to the cost of the final alloy beyond the stralght addition o~ the reactive element since the special processing needed to produce such a master alloy makes such alloys rather expensive and since the amount of r~active element ln such a master alloy is usually limited to less than about 10% by weight o~ the master alloy. This weight restrict~on generally necessitates the use of relatively large ~uantities of master alloy to obtain final copper base alloys containing greater than 1% reactlve element.
. . . ............. .
One way of solvlng this problem would be to utilize pure or nearl~ pure reactive elements in the charging process of the copper or copper alloy basesr This procedure presents its own problems s~nce the interdi~fusion rates of copper and the reactive elements at the molten copper base temperatures are quite slow. An excesslvely 400~
aC~; ~
long alloying time i~ there~ore needed to dis~olve normal si~e pieces of these reactive elements (e.g~, flake~ or pellets)~
One way of overcomlng this problem has been to provide reactlve elements in powder ~orm and directly in~ect such powder into the molten copper or copper alloy base~ While powders provide for shorter interdiffusion rates into the molten base, the large sur~ace area presented by the powders and the inherent reactivity o~ the elements in powder form present o~idatlon problems wlth such a method during charging of the powdered elements to the molten copper or copper alloy base.
One method o~ overcoming these problems has been to provide such reactive elements in solid clad wire form for charging into a molten copper or copper alloy base. This method is presented in U~S. Patent No. 3~738,827, whlch is assigned to the Assignee of the present invention. Such a method alleviates many of the problems discussed above but 9 in turn, provides the addltional step o~ forming said reactive elements into wire ~orm and then cladding such a wlre with a material compatible with the molten base.
It is a principal ob~ect o~ the present invention to - provide a method for charging molten copper or copper alloy bases with reactive elements so that the elements readily dissolve with minimal problems from oxid~tion.
. ....... . . ........ . . ............... .. .. .
It is a further ob3ect o~ the present invention to provide for charging o~ reactive elements in powder mixture ~orm to molten copper or copper alloy bases so that the reactlve element powders are initially protected by an outer covering which is compatible wlth the molten bases.
It is an additional ob~ect o~ the present lnvention to
Copper base alloys containing reactive elements tcr9 Ti, V~ Zr~ Mg, B, Be~ Sr, Y,-Ce~ Cb) pro~ide combinations of high strength and high electrical conducti~ity compared to pure cop~er or copper containing relatively common alloying elements. A certain problem, however, ls presented by ~he addition of these reactive elements to a copper base.
These elements usually possess high melting points which, along with their reactivity~ cause problems in the charging of these elements to a molten copper base.
The additlon of such reactive elements to copper and copper alloy bases has usually been accomplished by utlllzing a copper-reactive element master alloy as the charging system to the molten copper or copper alloy base.
This procedure adds to the cost of the final alloy beyond the stralght addition o~ the reactive element since the special processing needed to produce such a master alloy makes such alloys rather expensive and since the amount of r~active element ln such a master alloy is usually limited to less than about 10% by weight o~ the master alloy. This weight restrict~on generally necessitates the use of relatively large ~uantities of master alloy to obtain final copper base alloys containing greater than 1% reactlve element.
. . . ............. .
One way of solvlng this problem would be to utilize pure or nearl~ pure reactive elements in the charging process of the copper or copper alloy basesr This procedure presents its own problems s~nce the interdi~fusion rates of copper and the reactive elements at the molten copper base temperatures are quite slow. An excesslvely 400~
aC~; ~
long alloying time i~ there~ore needed to dis~olve normal si~e pieces of these reactive elements (e.g~, flake~ or pellets)~
One way of overcomlng this problem has been to provide reactlve elements in powder ~orm and directly in~ect such powder into the molten copper or copper alloy base~ While powders provide for shorter interdiffusion rates into the molten base, the large sur~ace area presented by the powders and the inherent reactivity o~ the elements in powder form present o~idatlon problems wlth such a method during charging of the powdered elements to the molten copper or copper alloy base.
One method o~ overcoming these problems has been to provide such reactive elements in solid clad wire form for charging into a molten copper or copper alloy base. This method is presented in U~S. Patent No. 3~738,827, whlch is assigned to the Assignee of the present invention. Such a method alleviates many of the problems discussed above but 9 in turn, provides the addltional step o~ forming said reactive elements into wire ~orm and then cladding such a wlre with a material compatible with the molten base.
It is a principal ob~ect o~ the present invention to - provide a method for charging molten copper or copper alloy bases with reactive elements so that the elements readily dissolve with minimal problems from oxid~tion.
. ....... . . ........ . . ............... .. .. .
It is a further ob3ect o~ the present invention to provide for charging o~ reactive elements in powder mixture ~orm to molten copper or copper alloy bases so that the reactlve element powders are initially protected by an outer covering which is compatible wlth the molten bases.
It is an additional ob~ect o~ the present lnvention to
-2-provide for the rapid incor~oration of reactive elements into molten copper or copper alloy bases up to the desired weight percentage limits without long melting times or large quantities of master alloys.
Additional objects and ad~antages will become more apparent from a consideration of the following specific`ation~
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the process of the present inven-tion, the foregoing objects and advantages may be readily achieved by obtaining reactive elements in powder form, placing the reactive elernent powder mixed with copper or copper alloy powder into metal tubing which is compatible with the molten copper or copper alloy bath, sealing the ends of the tubing, drawing down the tubing and finally feeding the drawn tubing or wire into the molten copper or copper alloy base. The total reduction of the powdered element mixture within the tubing is controlled to compact the powders and provide sufficient green strength to the powders to hold them within the tubing during the charging of the tubing into the molten base.
More specifically~ the invention provides a method for adding reactive elements to a molten metal mass characterized b~ the steps of: (a) providing a molten mass of metal selected from the group consisting of copper and copper base alloys, (b) providing a reactive element or mixture of reactive elements in powder for~ mixed with copper powder or copper base alloy powder, (c) placing the powdered element mixture in-to tubing formed from metal compatible with said molten mass of metal and sealing the ends of said tubing, (d) simultaneously drawing down said tubing and compacting said powdered element mixture present therein to form a powder filled wire, and (e) adding said powder ~illed wire to said molten metal mass to enable dissolution of .~ - ~
~ 5~
said reactive elements and copper or copper base alloy -throughout the entire molten metal mass.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The process of the present invention is generally limited to the addition of elements to copper or copper alloy bases. The elements which may be added to such bases include, but are not limited to, elements such as chromium, titanium, vanadium, zirconium, magnesium, boron3 beryllium, strontium, yttrium, cerium and columbium ~also known as niobium~. The factors which these elements should have in common is that they are either quite reactive towards copper or copper alloys or that they have high melting points which -3a-400~
generally present problems in com~ining such elements with molten copper or copper alloy bases.
The process o~ the pr~sent invention attempts to alleYlate problems heretofore presented by previously known charging processes by forming compacted filled wires of mæterial compatible with the bases to which ~he elements are ~o be a~dedJ These wires are ~ormed ~rom tubing which is filled with the reactlveelements in powder form and subsequently drawn down to the desired wire ize.
In the process o~ the present inventlon, tubing is selected which is formed from copper or c,opper base alloys which are at least compatible with the molten material to which the elements are to be ultimately added. This tubing ls filled with powdered reactlve elements, either by themselves or in mixtures, combined with copper powder or copper alloy powder, and the ends of the tubing are then sealed off. The tubing ls then drawn do~ to a fine diameter wire to enable the element,s and the outer wire to dissolve rapidly in the molten metal to whlch they are to be added.
2~ This drawing process i5 quite similar to prior art processes utilized for forming wire ~rom solid rod. The tokal drawing down or reduction is care~ully controlled to compact the powder mixture enough to provide su~icient ~een strength to the powders to hold them within the wire durin~ the : . .............. .:.... ... ..... .. .................
subsequent charglng operatlon. This wire, after being drawn down to the desired si~e, may then be fed into the molten base either as-formed 9 heated or through a metal inert gas (MIG) arc ~ using a conventional wire feed apparatus.
The as-~ormed filled wire may be fed directly through ~he melt cover and under the molten metal sur~ace where the protective copper or copper alloy wire sheathlng melts and allows the powder to disperse and dissolve throughout the base material. The wire in this form may be fed into the molten base either with or without a shielding inert gas cover.
The filled wire may also be heated during ~eeding by passing an electrical current through the wire between the feeding apparatus and the molten material. By carefully controlling this current, the operator may bring the wire sheathing to any temperature up to the melting temperature at the point of impingement with the molten material surface. This particular process allows for greater control o~ the melting rate of the wire, especially at high wire ~eed rates.
An arc may also be struck between the wire and the molten metal bath. In this partlcular process 3 molten droplets o~ the reactive element and wire are ~ransferred through the metal-inert gas (MIG) arc to the molten bath.
An inert gas or a mixture o~ inert gases may be used as a shielding gas in this operation. In all o~ these partlcular charging processes, it is preferred that the molte~ ba~e be covered with either an amorphous carbon melt cover or a commonly utllized salt ~lux co~er. Such a cover helps to ~urther reduce any unwanted oxidatlon of ., ., .. , : . . : ........ . .- ...... -the reactiye elements before contacting the molten base.
The powdered reactive elements may be util~zed in a wide range of sizes. A particularly appropriate size range ~or the process o~ the present invention ranges ~rom mlnus 325 mesh to o.o5't ~or any of the reactive elements contemplated by the present invention. Such a size range is, o~ course, u~timately determlned by the desired speed of dissolution of the elements in the molten metal base.
The size range is also determined by ~he desired amount of total reduction within the tubing uRed to form the charging wire. It is essential that the reactive elements be mixed with either copper powder or copper alloy powder to form the powder mixture within the tubing utllized in the pre~ent inventlon. The copper or copper alloy powder helps to keep the reactive element powder particles separated long enough to avoid sintering and oxidation o~ the reactive element powder particles upon contact with the molten metal to which the reactive eIements are to be added. The surrounding copper or copper alloy powder particles also help to aid in the rapid dissolution of khe reactive element powder particles within the molten metal base. Tha siæe range ~or the copper or copper alloy powder utilized in the present invention will also range from minus 325 mesh to 0.05 inch and will thus be compatible ~n size to the reactive element particles.
As pointed out in the ~ollowing examples, the ratio of reactive element powder to copper or copper alloy powder mu~t be controlled to prevent sinterlng of the reacti~e powder portion o~ the ~illed w~re.
The present invention will be more readily understood ~rom a consideration of the followlng illustrati~e examples.
EXAMPLE I
~ .
A 75% Cr-25% Cu powder mlxture was placed w1thin a standard 0.25" OD (outer diameter~ copper tubing which was then drawn down to a 0.0625" diameter wlre. The wire wa~
then annealed, coiled and fed through a standard "w~re feed gun" into a molten 10 lb. bath o~ phosphorus deoxidized -- . ". - ~ . .
~ 3~
copper, thus ~orming a Cu-002% P-0.25% Cr alloy. The bath temperature was 1150~C before the cold wire additionO
No detectable temperature drop in the molten bath was noted - either during the wire addition or a~ter the wire additlon.
The wire feed rate was varied from approximately 60"/minute ko 200"/minute with no apparent dissolution prcblem. No inert shielding gas was utllized in this process.
Metallographic examination of samples taken from the subsequent alloy melt and the resulting ingot formed therefrom indicated that the chromium success~ully went into solution within one minute after ~eeding of the wire.
EYAMPLE II
~ :
A 0.0625" d~ameter wire was formed as in Example I
utilizing the same powder mixture. This wlre was then annealed, coiled and successfully fed through a MIG arc into a 10 lb. bath of molten deoxidized copper to ~orm a Cu-0.2% P-0.3% Cr alloy. Argon was utilized as the shielding gas. The bath temperature w~s 1150C before the arc between the bath and the wlre was struck. No detectable temperature rise was noted in the molten copper bath and no excessive oxidation W2S observed either during arc-metal transfer or within metallographic samples taken ~rom the melt or from the re~ulting ~ngot~ ~'hese samples indicated that ~he chromium additions were ~uccessfully dissolved wlthin ~he molten copper bath within I5 seconds after entry into the bath.
E.YAMPLE III
A series of two O.0625" diameter wires were draT~n from 0.25l' OD copper tublng which contained 90% ~r-10% Cu and ~0 75~ ~r-25% Cu powder mixtures respectively. No intermittent 4008-M~
i annealing was necessary during the drawing operation~ The wires were ~ed into 10 lb. baths of phosphorus deoxidl~ed copper held at 1150C. An alloy was formed within th~ bath of a nominal composition of 0.2% P, 0.5% Zr, balance Cu.
Metallographic examina~ion of samples taken ~rom the melts and resulting ingots indicated th~t the zirconium successfully dissolved within one minute a~ter wire feed start in both baths.
EXAMPLE IV
__ A 75% Zr-25% Cu powder mixture was placed withln a o . 5'1 OD copper tubing ~hich was then sealed and drawn down to a 0.375" diameter wire. This wire was fed intc a standard wire feeder into the trans~er trough during direct chill casting of copper base alloy CDA 638 (95% Cu, 2.8% Al~
1.8% Si9 O. 4% Co) to yield a zirconium level in the alloy of 0.2%. Metallographic examination of the direct chill cast ingot at ~arious locations along its length indicated a successful dissolution of the zirconium throughout the entire alloy.
EXAMPLE V
___ Powder mi~tures of 90% Ti~10% Cu and 75% Ti-25% Cu were placed within two 0.25" OD copper tubes which were then sealed and ~ed into 10 lb. baths of a copper base alloy held at 1175~ to ~orm a CU-1O5% Sb-0.5% Ti alloy.
Metallographic examination o~ samples taken from ~he melt and resulting i.n~ots indicated that ~he titanium success~ully dissolved within the melt within one minute after feeding in of the wire, It should be noted that throughout the examples the percentages were in terms of weight percent.
4Qo8~
2~
These examples indicate that powder mixtures containing high percentages of normally reactive elements may be success~ully and quickly dissolved within copper or copper alloy molten baths without premature and undesirable reactlon or oxidation. This process also provides for uniform distribution o~ the reactive elements throughout the resultin~ alloys.
This invention may be embodied in other forms or carried out in other ways without departing ~rom the spirit or essential characteris~ics thereo~ The present embodiment is there~ore to be considered as in all respects ~.
illustrative and not reskrictive, the scope o~ the invenkion being indicated by khe appended claims, and all changes which come within the meaning and range o~
euqivalency are intended to be embraced kherein.
3o
Additional objects and ad~antages will become more apparent from a consideration of the following specific`ation~
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the process of the present inven-tion, the foregoing objects and advantages may be readily achieved by obtaining reactive elements in powder form, placing the reactive elernent powder mixed with copper or copper alloy powder into metal tubing which is compatible with the molten copper or copper alloy bath, sealing the ends of the tubing, drawing down the tubing and finally feeding the drawn tubing or wire into the molten copper or copper alloy base. The total reduction of the powdered element mixture within the tubing is controlled to compact the powders and provide sufficient green strength to the powders to hold them within the tubing during the charging of the tubing into the molten base.
More specifically~ the invention provides a method for adding reactive elements to a molten metal mass characterized b~ the steps of: (a) providing a molten mass of metal selected from the group consisting of copper and copper base alloys, (b) providing a reactive element or mixture of reactive elements in powder for~ mixed with copper powder or copper base alloy powder, (c) placing the powdered element mixture in-to tubing formed from metal compatible with said molten mass of metal and sealing the ends of said tubing, (d) simultaneously drawing down said tubing and compacting said powdered element mixture present therein to form a powder filled wire, and (e) adding said powder ~illed wire to said molten metal mass to enable dissolution of .~ - ~
~ 5~
said reactive elements and copper or copper base alloy -throughout the entire molten metal mass.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The process of the present invention is generally limited to the addition of elements to copper or copper alloy bases. The elements which may be added to such bases include, but are not limited to, elements such as chromium, titanium, vanadium, zirconium, magnesium, boron3 beryllium, strontium, yttrium, cerium and columbium ~also known as niobium~. The factors which these elements should have in common is that they are either quite reactive towards copper or copper alloys or that they have high melting points which -3a-400~
generally present problems in com~ining such elements with molten copper or copper alloy bases.
The process o~ the pr~sent invention attempts to alleYlate problems heretofore presented by previously known charging processes by forming compacted filled wires of mæterial compatible with the bases to which ~he elements are ~o be a~dedJ These wires are ~ormed ~rom tubing which is filled with the reactlveelements in powder form and subsequently drawn down to the desired wire ize.
In the process o~ the present inventlon, tubing is selected which is formed from copper or c,opper base alloys which are at least compatible with the molten material to which the elements are to be ultimately added. This tubing ls filled with powdered reactlve elements, either by themselves or in mixtures, combined with copper powder or copper alloy powder, and the ends of the tubing are then sealed off. The tubing ls then drawn do~ to a fine diameter wire to enable the element,s and the outer wire to dissolve rapidly in the molten metal to whlch they are to be added.
2~ This drawing process i5 quite similar to prior art processes utilized for forming wire ~rom solid rod. The tokal drawing down or reduction is care~ully controlled to compact the powder mixture enough to provide su~icient ~een strength to the powders to hold them within the wire durin~ the : . .............. .:.... ... ..... .. .................
subsequent charglng operatlon. This wire, after being drawn down to the desired si~e, may then be fed into the molten base either as-formed 9 heated or through a metal inert gas (MIG) arc ~ using a conventional wire feed apparatus.
The as-~ormed filled wire may be fed directly through ~he melt cover and under the molten metal sur~ace where the protective copper or copper alloy wire sheathlng melts and allows the powder to disperse and dissolve throughout the base material. The wire in this form may be fed into the molten base either with or without a shielding inert gas cover.
The filled wire may also be heated during ~eeding by passing an electrical current through the wire between the feeding apparatus and the molten material. By carefully controlling this current, the operator may bring the wire sheathing to any temperature up to the melting temperature at the point of impingement with the molten material surface. This particular process allows for greater control o~ the melting rate of the wire, especially at high wire ~eed rates.
An arc may also be struck between the wire and the molten metal bath. In this partlcular process 3 molten droplets o~ the reactive element and wire are ~ransferred through the metal-inert gas (MIG) arc to the molten bath.
An inert gas or a mixture o~ inert gases may be used as a shielding gas in this operation. In all o~ these partlcular charging processes, it is preferred that the molte~ ba~e be covered with either an amorphous carbon melt cover or a commonly utllized salt ~lux co~er. Such a cover helps to ~urther reduce any unwanted oxidatlon of ., ., .. , : . . : ........ . .- ...... -the reactiye elements before contacting the molten base.
The powdered reactive elements may be util~zed in a wide range of sizes. A particularly appropriate size range ~or the process o~ the present invention ranges ~rom mlnus 325 mesh to o.o5't ~or any of the reactive elements contemplated by the present invention. Such a size range is, o~ course, u~timately determlned by the desired speed of dissolution of the elements in the molten metal base.
The size range is also determined by ~he desired amount of total reduction within the tubing uRed to form the charging wire. It is essential that the reactive elements be mixed with either copper powder or copper alloy powder to form the powder mixture within the tubing utllized in the pre~ent inventlon. The copper or copper alloy powder helps to keep the reactive element powder particles separated long enough to avoid sintering and oxidation o~ the reactive element powder particles upon contact with the molten metal to which the reactive eIements are to be added. The surrounding copper or copper alloy powder particles also help to aid in the rapid dissolution of khe reactive element powder particles within the molten metal base. Tha siæe range ~or the copper or copper alloy powder utilized in the present invention will also range from minus 325 mesh to 0.05 inch and will thus be compatible ~n size to the reactive element particles.
As pointed out in the ~ollowing examples, the ratio of reactive element powder to copper or copper alloy powder mu~t be controlled to prevent sinterlng of the reacti~e powder portion o~ the ~illed w~re.
The present invention will be more readily understood ~rom a consideration of the followlng illustrati~e examples.
EXAMPLE I
~ .
A 75% Cr-25% Cu powder mlxture was placed w1thin a standard 0.25" OD (outer diameter~ copper tubing which was then drawn down to a 0.0625" diameter wlre. The wire wa~
then annealed, coiled and fed through a standard "w~re feed gun" into a molten 10 lb. bath o~ phosphorus deoxidized -- . ". - ~ . .
~ 3~
copper, thus ~orming a Cu-002% P-0.25% Cr alloy. The bath temperature was 1150~C before the cold wire additionO
No detectable temperature drop in the molten bath was noted - either during the wire addition or a~ter the wire additlon.
The wire feed rate was varied from approximately 60"/minute ko 200"/minute with no apparent dissolution prcblem. No inert shielding gas was utllized in this process.
Metallographic examination of samples taken from the subsequent alloy melt and the resulting ingot formed therefrom indicated that the chromium success~ully went into solution within one minute after ~eeding of the wire.
EYAMPLE II
~ :
A 0.0625" d~ameter wire was formed as in Example I
utilizing the same powder mixture. This wlre was then annealed, coiled and successfully fed through a MIG arc into a 10 lb. bath of molten deoxidized copper to ~orm a Cu-0.2% P-0.3% Cr alloy. Argon was utilized as the shielding gas. The bath temperature w~s 1150C before the arc between the bath and the wlre was struck. No detectable temperature rise was noted in the molten copper bath and no excessive oxidation W2S observed either during arc-metal transfer or within metallographic samples taken ~rom the melt or from the re~ulting ~ngot~ ~'hese samples indicated that ~he chromium additions were ~uccessfully dissolved wlthin ~he molten copper bath within I5 seconds after entry into the bath.
E.YAMPLE III
A series of two O.0625" diameter wires were draT~n from 0.25l' OD copper tublng which contained 90% ~r-10% Cu and ~0 75~ ~r-25% Cu powder mixtures respectively. No intermittent 4008-M~
i annealing was necessary during the drawing operation~ The wires were ~ed into 10 lb. baths of phosphorus deoxidl~ed copper held at 1150C. An alloy was formed within th~ bath of a nominal composition of 0.2% P, 0.5% Zr, balance Cu.
Metallographic examina~ion of samples taken ~rom the melts and resulting ingots indicated th~t the zirconium successfully dissolved within one minute a~ter wire feed start in both baths.
EXAMPLE IV
__ A 75% Zr-25% Cu powder mixture was placed withln a o . 5'1 OD copper tubing ~hich was then sealed and drawn down to a 0.375" diameter wire. This wire was fed intc a standard wire feeder into the trans~er trough during direct chill casting of copper base alloy CDA 638 (95% Cu, 2.8% Al~
1.8% Si9 O. 4% Co) to yield a zirconium level in the alloy of 0.2%. Metallographic examination of the direct chill cast ingot at ~arious locations along its length indicated a successful dissolution of the zirconium throughout the entire alloy.
EXAMPLE V
___ Powder mi~tures of 90% Ti~10% Cu and 75% Ti-25% Cu were placed within two 0.25" OD copper tubes which were then sealed and ~ed into 10 lb. baths of a copper base alloy held at 1175~ to ~orm a CU-1O5% Sb-0.5% Ti alloy.
Metallographic examination o~ samples taken from ~he melt and resulting i.n~ots indicated that ~he titanium success~ully dissolved within the melt within one minute after feeding in of the wire, It should be noted that throughout the examples the percentages were in terms of weight percent.
4Qo8~
2~
These examples indicate that powder mixtures containing high percentages of normally reactive elements may be success~ully and quickly dissolved within copper or copper alloy molten baths without premature and undesirable reactlon or oxidation. This process also provides for uniform distribution o~ the reactive elements throughout the resultin~ alloys.
This invention may be embodied in other forms or carried out in other ways without departing ~rom the spirit or essential characteris~ics thereo~ The present embodiment is there~ore to be considered as in all respects ~.
illustrative and not reskrictive, the scope o~ the invenkion being indicated by khe appended claims, and all changes which come within the meaning and range o~
euqivalency are intended to be embraced kherein.
3o
Claims (9)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method for adding reactive elements to a molten metal mass characterized by the steps of:
(a) providing a molten mass of metal selected from the group consisting of copper and copper base alloys;
(b) providing a reactive element or mixture of reactive elements in powder form mixed with copper powder or copper base alloy powered (c) placing the powdered element mixture into tubing formed from metal compatible with said molten mass of metal and sealing the ends-of said tubing;
(d) simultaneously drawing down said tubing and compacting said powdered element mixture present therein to form a powder filled wire; and (e) adding said powder filled wire to said molten metal mass to enable dissolution of said reactive elements and copper or copper base alloy throughout the entire molten metal mass.
(a) providing a molten mass of metal selected from the group consisting of copper and copper base alloys;
(b) providing a reactive element or mixture of reactive elements in powder form mixed with copper powder or copper base alloy powered (c) placing the powdered element mixture into tubing formed from metal compatible with said molten mass of metal and sealing the ends-of said tubing;
(d) simultaneously drawing down said tubing and compacting said powdered element mixture present therein to form a powder filled wire; and (e) adding said powder filled wire to said molten metal mass to enable dissolution of said reactive elements and copper or copper base alloy throughout the entire molten metal mass.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein said powdered element mixture is compacted within said tubing without further drawing down of said tubing.
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein said reactive element is selected from the group consisting of chromium, titanium, vanadium zirconium, magnesium, boron, beryllium, strontium yttrium, cerium, niobium and mixtures thereof.
4. A method according to claim 1 wherein said powder filled wire is fed as-formed into said molten metal mass.
5. A method according to claim 1 wherein said powder filled wire is heated after drawing and then fed into said molten metal mass.
6. A method according to claim 1 wherein said powder filled wire is led through a metal-inert gas arc and placed into said molten metal mass directly from said arc.
7. A method according to claim 1 wherein said powder filled wire is fed through a melt cover selected from the group consisting of amorphous carbon and salt which is placed on the surface of said molten metal mass.
8. A method according to claim 1 wherein said powder filled wire is fed into said molten metal mass under a shield of an inert gas or mixture of inert gases.
9. A method according to claim 1 wherein the size of said reactive element powder and said copper powder or said copper base alloy powder ranges from minus 325 mesh to 0.05 inch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA298,912A CA1095259A (en) | 1978-03-14 | 1978-03-14 | Addition of reactive elements in powder wire form to copper base alloys |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA298,912A CA1095259A (en) | 1978-03-14 | 1978-03-14 | Addition of reactive elements in powder wire form to copper base alloys |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1095259A true CA1095259A (en) | 1981-02-10 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA298,912A Expired CA1095259A (en) | 1978-03-14 | 1978-03-14 | Addition of reactive elements in powder wire form to copper base alloys |
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| Country | Link |
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| CA (1) | CA1095259A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3375896A4 (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2019-05-22 | Wing On (Japan) Trading Limited | De-leading treatment method for lead-containing copper alloy and de-leading cored wire used in said method |
-
1978
- 1978-03-14 CA CA298,912A patent/CA1095259A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3375896A4 (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2019-05-22 | Wing On (Japan) Trading Limited | De-leading treatment method for lead-containing copper alloy and de-leading cored wire used in said method |
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