CA1093779A - Production of metal strip - Google Patents
Production of metal stripInfo
- Publication number
- CA1093779A CA1093779A CA282,857A CA282857A CA1093779A CA 1093779 A CA1093779 A CA 1093779A CA 282857 A CA282857 A CA 282857A CA 1093779 A CA1093779 A CA 1093779A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- roll gap
- hopper
- particulate material
- shielding plate
- end zones
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/30—Feeding material to presses
- B30B15/302—Feeding material in particulate or plastic state to moulding presses
- B30B15/308—Feeding material in particulate or plastic state to moulding presses in a continuous manner, e.g. for roller presses, screw extrusion presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/18—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
For the production of strip material particulate metalliferous material is fed from a hopper into and through the roll gap formed between a pair of contra-rotating compaction rolls. The ends of the roll gap are closed off by means of endless belts which engage the opposite end faces of the compaction rolls and in order to counteract the tendency of particulate material to be drawn into the end zones of the roll gap by the endless belt means are provided for restricting the flow of particulate material to these end zones. By the provision of such restricting means the rate at which particulate material enters the roll gap is substantially uniform alone its entire length.
For the production of strip material particulate metalliferous material is fed from a hopper into and through the roll gap formed between a pair of contra-rotating compaction rolls. The ends of the roll gap are closed off by means of endless belts which engage the opposite end faces of the compaction rolls and in order to counteract the tendency of particulate material to be drawn into the end zones of the roll gap by the endless belt means are provided for restricting the flow of particulate material to these end zones. By the provision of such restricting means the rate at which particulate material enters the roll gap is substantially uniform alone its entire length.
Description
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This invention relates to the production of metal strip or sheet and more particularly to the compaction of particulate metalliferous material into strip or sheet form ~hereinafter referred to simply as strip)e More especially, but not exclusively3 the invention relates to the roll compaction of metallic powder into strip. The term "metalliferous material'l as used herein includes metals, metal containing and metal bearing ; , materials.
L0 Conventionally, a compaction mill includes a pair of rolls mounted with their rotational axes spaced in a substantially horizontal plane to define a roll gap therebetween;~particulate material,,eg. metal,powder, is fed into the mill from a hopper mounted with its 15 , discharge orifice positioned above the roll gap of the mill. To confine powder to~the roll ga~p it is necessary to seal the spacing between the ends of the rolls.
Previous proposals for sealing these spaces have included use of endless belts which frictlonally engage the opposed end surfaces of the rolls from points above to the bottom of~ the roll gap., The belts extènd into openings formed in the end walls o the hopper and an adiustably mounted strip~is located within each opening to regulate the surface area of belt in contact with the powder within the hopper. ~Other proposals or sealing the ends of the roll gap have included the use of rolls provided wi~h overlapping flanges at their ends and discs rotatable so that ~heir ~peripheries engage the opposed,~end surEaces of .
: : :: ~: , :
~ ; ~
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~ 9 ~ 7 the rolls in the region of the roll gap~
These proposals all suffer from the disadvantages that ~he belts~ flanges or rotating discs tend to draw incrcasingly excessive amounts of powder into the end zones ofthe roll gap as the rolling speed of the mill increasest The rate at which powder enters the roll gap is consequently not uniform across the length of the roll gap which leads ~o strip ~eing produced of uneven ~hickness and density. In extreme cases the increased flow of powder to the end zones of the roll gap can resul~ in roll failure due to the high local pressures generated.
The presence of the previously mentioned adjustable strips to reguLate the surface area of belt in contact lS wi~h the powder in the hopper only partially alleviates ~: the problem of ~increased powder flow into the end zones ; ~ of the roll gap since even~relatively a small surface : . area of belt exposed to the pow~er draws powder into the ~: - roll gap end zones~at a significa~tly greater rate than .
flows by gravity into the roll gap intermediate the end zones. In consequence, the edges of the strip emerging from the compaction mill are of increased density thus necessitating trimming to a~hi_ve the required consistent . density:and~thickness across the width of the stripO
25 ~ According to the present invention in one aspect, there is provided apparatus for compacting ~particulate ~ . . .
z ~. metalliferous materLal into strip orm whLch comprises ~: ~ a pair of compaction rolls mounted with their rotational axes spaced in~a substantially horizontal plane to define-~: - 2 -.
~ , ::: ' ~ ' .
a roll gap therebetween~ movable endless belts positioned one at each end of the roll gap in engagement with the end faces of the rolls to close off the ends of the roll gap, a hopper for feeding particulate ma~erial to the roll gap mounted with its discharge orifice positioned above and extending across substantially the full length of the roll gap, shielding plate assemblies positioned one behind or in front of each side wall of the hopper, means for effecting relative movemen~ between the shielding plate assemblies and the hopper side walls whereby the lower margin of each shj~elding plate assembly can protrude at least partially below the lower margin of the respective hopper side wall to define the l.engthwise extending boundaries of the discharge orifice of the hopper, and means for restricting the flow of particulate material to the end zones of the roll gap to .
counteract the tendency of particulate material to be drawn into these end zones by the endless belts thereby to maintain the rate at which particulate material enters the roll gap substantially uniform along Lts entire lengthD
~ In a preferred arrangement~ the lower margins o the hopper side walls and shieldi~g plate assemblies are so shaped that together they define lengthwise extendi.ng discharge ori~fice bound~ries which protrude dow~wardly at their ends to restrict flow of particulate material to the 25 . end zones of the roll gap. The lower margin of each shielding plate assembly may be symmetrically shaped about its mid-point to define downwardly protruding end portions and the lower margins of the hopper side walls may lie in : a common substantially horixontal plane or vice versa. The ~ , :
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hopper side walls may carry flexible extensions which engag~ the barrel surfaces of the rolls.
Preferably, the shielding plate assemblies are slidably mounted behind the hopper side walls~ Means may additionally be provided for raising and lowering the hopper relative to the roll gap~
In one embodiment of the invention, each shielding plate comprises a flat plate of width substantially equaL to that of its respective side wall. In an alternative embodiment each shielding plate assembly comprises a pair of downwardly extending strips which are movable to protrude below the lower margin of the adjacent side wall at the ends thereof.
In an alternative construction, surfaces of each hopper side wall and/or shielding plate assembly which lie abo~e the end zones of the roll gap are roughened or coated with a high friction material to resist the flow of particulate -~ material to~ the end zones of the roll gap!
The surface;area of each endless belt in contact with 20 ; the particulate material in the hopper may be varied by means of an adjustably mounted shutter provided with a high Eriction surface. Alternatively, each adjustably mounted shutter may~have a surface whîch protrudes into the space - immediately above one end zone of the roll gap to restrict ~5 flow of particulate material into said end zone, According to the present i~vention in a further aspect9 ~; ~ a ~ethod of producing strip by compacting particulate metallierous materlal comprises the steps of feeding particulate material into a roll gap defLned between a . .
'7~
pair of compaction rolls mounted with -their rotational axes spaced in a substan-tially horizontal plane, closing off the ends of the roll gap by means of endless belts positioned one at each end of the roll gap in engagement and moveable with the end faces of the rolls, controlling the rate of feed of particulate material to the roll gap by varying the area of roll surface exposed to the particulate materiaI, and restricting the flow of particulate material to the end zones of the roll gap to counteract the tendency of particulate material to be drawn into these end zones by the endless belts thereby to maintain the rate at which particulate material enters the roll gap substan~
tially uni-form along its entire length. In a still further aspect, the invention relates to strip produced in accordance with the method set out in the preceding sentence.
The flow properties of the particulate material within the hopper may be varied differentially across the length of the hopper b~ suitable addition of a solid (eg. graphite), li~uid (eg. oil or water) or gaseous agen-t.
In a still further aspect, the invention provides apparatus for compacting metallic powder into strip form which comprises a compaction mill, movable endless belts positioned one at each end of the roll gap of the mill in frictional engagement with the end faces of the mill rolls to close off the ends of the roll gap, a powder feed hopper mounted with its disaharge orifice~positioned above and extending across substantially the full length of the roll gap of the mill, shielding plate a~ssemblies positioned one behind each side wall of the hopper and movable relative /
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~ - 5 -thereto to positions in which they at:least partially protrude below the lower margin of the hopper side walls to define the lengthwise extending boundaries of the discharge oriEice of ~he hopper, and means for restriot.ing the flow of powder to the end zones of the roll gap to counteract ~he tendency of powder to:be drawn into these end zones by relative movement~between the endless belts and powder entering~the roll-gap..~:~
In a prèferred use of the apparatus an.d operation L0 of the method describ d above, the particulate material consists of metallic powder, eg~ iron, mild~or stainl.ess steel, nickel, copperj alt~ninium,-:or metalliferous ore~
The powder may be produced b~ a~water: atomisation teehnique~
The invention will now be described by way of example with referenceito thle accompanyLng~diagrammatic drawings - . in which~
Figure~l is a side.elevationa-l view in section of ~ . apparatus in accordance~.with the:invant.ion, : . Figure~3 is.a :side elevationaI view of an edge belt and sh~tter assembly used ~o.retain metal:powder within the sides of the roll gap of the m~ll illustrated in Figure ~-Figures:3a~and 3e are.front elevational views of hopper sidè;wall~s and associated shielding plate assemblies employed in:the milll illustrated in Figure 1, Flgures.4a~and 4b illustrate alternative hopper side .
wall and shielding~plate assemblies t:o those illustrated in Figures 3a to :3e~
Figure~ S shows~a ront elevational view of an :
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.
~ ~ 3~
alternative shielding pla~e assembly in acc~rdance with the inventiong and Figures 6a ~nd 6b are respectively plan and side viewsofan alt~rnative form of shutter assembly to that lllustrated in Figure 20 The invention will be described with reference to the production of metal strip by roll compacting metal ~eg, s~eel3 powder produced by a water-atomisation technique.
Where ~ppropriate9 throughout the following description, like integers bear the same reer~nce ~umerals.
The comp~ction mill illus~rated in Figure 1 includes a pair of ~.o-operating contra-rotatlng rolls 1,2 which toge~her de~ine a roll gap 3 and which are mounted wlth their rotational axes ~paced apart in a substantially hori~on~al pl~neO The roll gap 3 may be varied by movement o~ one roll ~ow~rds or away from ~he other in a known mannerO
A hopper 4 iæ moun~ed ~bove the roll~ 1,2 to feed metal powder P lnto~the roll ~ap 30 TEIe hopper 4 comprises end wall~: S betwe~n w~lch ~re mount~d ~w~ in~ardly inclined side wall~ 6 carIying 1exible extensions 7 which project pàrt-w~y in~:o the entry portloTI of ehe roll gap ~, Positioned b~hind e~ch hopper side wall 6 is a shielding plate assemb:Ly 8,. Thése shie:Lding pl~te ~emblies 8 ~nd he flexible extersion~ 7 o ~he hopper sld~ W~ 9 6 ~r~ pre~erably m~nufactured from ~pringy m~tal ~nd ~re cur~ed particularly at their ~ow~r end~ ~o ~hat they eng~ge th~ barrel sur~aces of th~ rolls 1,~2 1~:the vicini~y of the roll ~ap 3 .~T~e : ~hL~lding plate ~:s~mbl~ies B~nd th~ xibiè extensions o ~he s~de wall~ ~oge~er ~eLne th~ g~hw~se extending , .
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boundaries of a slot 9 through wh~ch powder P presen~ in the hopper 4 is ed into the roïl g~p 3~, The slot 9 ex~ends over the ful 1 1 eng~h o ~ the rol 1 ~ap 3 .
Thc hopper 4 is orned at its uppe~ end with flanges 11 which extend outw2rdly to positions above the roll chocks 12. Hydraulic jacks 13 are pos~tioned between the opposed sur~ace~ of the fl~nge~ 11 and chocks lZ and ~re operable ~o move the hopper 4 towards or away fr~m the rol 1 gap 3 ~, 1() Each shleldlng plnte assembly 8 i8 slidably mo~m~ed at lts uppe~ end with:Ln a ~ide 14 sectlred ~o a side face o one of ~he roll chocks 12. l'he shielding plate assemblies 8 can be moved into, or out o, the roll gap 3 by means of a motor (not . s,lown) mechanically couple~ to t4e assemblies 8, The width o~ the slot 9 and th ex~ent of roll barrel sur~ce ex~posed ~o the powde~ can thereby be altered to ~ry~ t:he ra'c~ a'c ~qhi~h powder i8 fed into the roll gapG
As shown in E~i~re 2~ the end~ of ~he roll gap 3 , are closed by en~les~ belts 18 whlch track around idle 20 . pulley~ 19 and fri~tio~ally eng~ge ~he opposed end faces o~ th2 rolls 1, ~`in the vicin~ty o~ ~heiroll gap. Sufficlent drive may be applied ~o the belt6 to overcome the mechanical re~istanc~ o~ ~ the p~lleys ~nd ~o ensure tha~ ~h~ speeds o the b~lts a~e matched to the speeds of l:he rollæ~ Each h~lt 18 i~ urged by its sespective lower pulley 1 9a 1nto cohtacJc with on~ p~ir of e~d faces of the rolls 1,2 between.
~ po~ ons ~b~ve~ and 1ust b~low the bottom of the roll gap : . : 3: so ~ ~o ~eal off ths ends o ~he roll g~p.~ ~n adjus~able ~ . skid 20 i2 p~vid2~ to ~a.lntain tigh. con~act between ~aeh ,~ , . . :
.
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belt 18 and the respective opposed end faces of the rollsD
Shutters 22 are mounted within channels deined between the opposed surfaces of the end walls 5 and plates 23 secured to the end walls and are movable vertically to regulate the surface area of belt 18 in contact with the powder within the hopper 4. Movement of the shutters is effected by pegs 24 located in suitably shaped slots formed in the plates ~3.
Figures 3a and 3b illustrate ~he shaping applied to ~he lower edges of each shielding plate 8 and each flexible extension 7 of the hopper side wall 6 and Figures 3c to 3e illustrate the po~sitions taken up by each shielding plate 8 with respect to its associated side wall 7 during, respectively, start-up~ slow speed and normal operating speed of the mill.
As will be seen from Figure 3a the lower margin of the shielding plate 8 is shaped at its ends to provide two downwardly protruding ears 25, the central length 26 of the margin being generally straight. The shaping is ~ symmetrical about the mid-point of the shielding plate lower margin. From Figure 3b it will be seen that the lower margin of the side wall 7 follows a straight line normal to the side edges of the wall 70 In an alternative arrangement, the lower margin of the shielding plate may Eollow a concave curve over its entire lengthO
At start-up of the mill each shielding plate 8 is positioned behind its associated side wall 6 so that lengthwise-extending boundaries of the feed slot 9 of the hopper are de~ined solely by the lower margins of the flexible _ 9 _ -:
' .
' :
extensions 7 of the hopper side walls. As the mi.ll accelerates, the hopper 4 is raised to increase the flow of powder to the roll gap; simultaneously each shielding plate is lowered relative to the hopper so that its depending ears 25 partially overlap the lower margi~ of its associa~ed side wall extension. The protruding ears 25 shield the powaerapproaching the end zones of the roll gap from the rolls 1,2 thereby offsetting the tendency of ~he edge bel~s 18 to draw powder i~to these end zones thereby to main~ain the ra~es at which powder enters the roll gap substantially uniform along its entire length~
When operating a~ the normal operating speed of the mill, the ears 25 of the shielding plates 8 protrude completely below the lower margins of the flexible extensions 7 so that the lengthwise-extending boundaries of the feed 510t 9 are now defined by the lower edges of the shielding plates;
again, the fully protruding ears 25 restrict the flow of i . : powder into the end zones of the roll gap to balance the :; tendency o~ powder to be drawn into these end zones by the 20 . belts l8l Thus, at all speeds intermediate start-up and normal running speed~ the ears 25 restrict the flow of : powder to the end zones of the roll gap to enable normal running speed to be achieved without high density bands ~ of powder appearing a~ the edges o~ the roll gap.
If~ as in conventional mills, the lengthwise~
extending boundaries of the hopper feed slot 9 were, at all mill operatlng speeds, defined by shielding plates or . . hopper side walls having straight lower edges similar to . the side wall~ edge shown in~ Figure 3a, then the rate of lG
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feed of powder to the end zones of the roll gap 3 would gradually increase with increasing mill speeds due to the effect of the edge belts 18. In the embodiment described above, it will be appreciated that the protruding ears 25 of the shielding plates 8 reduce the area oE roll surface exposed to the powder exiting from the end regions of the hopper feed slot 9, thereby restricting the rate at which powder is fed by the rolls towards the end zones of the roll gap. This restriction off-sets the feeding effect which the edge belts have on the powder adiacent these end zones, In an alternative embodiment to ~hat illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 3 the shielding plates 8 remain stationary during aperation of the mill and the hopper 4 is raised . and lowered relative to the shielding plates to vary the configuration of the lengthwise-extending boundaries of . the feed slot:9 in the manner set out above. In either case, the shaping shown in Figure 3a~applied to the : ; shielding plate may alternatively be applied to the lower edges of the flexible extensions 7 of the hopper side walls ~0 In a further alternative unillustrated embodlment~
the ears 25 may be surfaced with a high friction materi.al : (by suitable coating or treatment) to inhibit further the flow of powder to the end zones of the roll gap. In this embodiment, the ears 25 need not protrude to the same : extent as they would if they were not so coated or treated In the embodi.ment illustrated in Figur s 4a and 4b each shielding plate assembly comprises a pair of side ;: ' ~ :
' ~
~ ~ ~ 3 ~
strips 27 which, in operation of the mill~ protrude below the lower margin of the hopper side wall flexible extensions 7. The end of the strips 27 and the ends of the lower margin of the side wall extensions 7 are shaped to provide a smooth transition at the slow-speed mill operating position shown in Figure 4a and at the normal operating position shown in Figure 4b.
In the arrangement illustrated in Figure 5 each side wall extension 7 (or alternatively each shielding plate) is surfaced at its lower outer edge with a high friction material 28 such as emery cloth. The high friction material restricts the flow of powder into the end 70nes of the roll gap. In an alternative construction the outer lower edges of the side walls of the shielding plates may be roughened by a machining, shot blasting or similar treatment.
Turning now to Figures 6a and 6b, each shutter 22 is formed on its surface facing the roll gap 3 with a curved protrusion 29 which extends into the entry region of the roll gap above the roll gap end zones to restrict the flow of powder into these end zones. Movement of the shutters towards and away from the roll gap 3 respectively increases and decreases the restrictions imposed by the ` shutters on the rate at which powder flows to the end zones of the roll gap, The~shutters 29 may be used in combination with the shaped shielding plates~or hopper side walls describedhereinbefore~ As will be seen from Figure 6a the~base of the~shutter i6 shaped so that it just clears the shielding~plates and roll6 when the shutter
This invention relates to the production of metal strip or sheet and more particularly to the compaction of particulate metalliferous material into strip or sheet form ~hereinafter referred to simply as strip)e More especially, but not exclusively3 the invention relates to the roll compaction of metallic powder into strip. The term "metalliferous material'l as used herein includes metals, metal containing and metal bearing ; , materials.
L0 Conventionally, a compaction mill includes a pair of rolls mounted with their rotational axes spaced in a substantially horizontal plane to define a roll gap therebetween;~particulate material,,eg. metal,powder, is fed into the mill from a hopper mounted with its 15 , discharge orifice positioned above the roll gap of the mill. To confine powder to~the roll ga~p it is necessary to seal the spacing between the ends of the rolls.
Previous proposals for sealing these spaces have included use of endless belts which frictlonally engage the opposed end surfaces of the rolls from points above to the bottom of~ the roll gap., The belts extènd into openings formed in the end walls o the hopper and an adiustably mounted strip~is located within each opening to regulate the surface area of belt in contact with the powder within the hopper. ~Other proposals or sealing the ends of the roll gap have included the use of rolls provided wi~h overlapping flanges at their ends and discs rotatable so that ~heir ~peripheries engage the opposed,~end surEaces of .
: : :: ~: , :
~ ; ~
: . ~
~ 9 ~ 7 the rolls in the region of the roll gap~
These proposals all suffer from the disadvantages that ~he belts~ flanges or rotating discs tend to draw incrcasingly excessive amounts of powder into the end zones ofthe roll gap as the rolling speed of the mill increasest The rate at which powder enters the roll gap is consequently not uniform across the length of the roll gap which leads ~o strip ~eing produced of uneven ~hickness and density. In extreme cases the increased flow of powder to the end zones of the roll gap can resul~ in roll failure due to the high local pressures generated.
The presence of the previously mentioned adjustable strips to reguLate the surface area of belt in contact lS wi~h the powder in the hopper only partially alleviates ~: the problem of ~increased powder flow into the end zones ; ~ of the roll gap since even~relatively a small surface : . area of belt exposed to the pow~er draws powder into the ~: - roll gap end zones~at a significa~tly greater rate than .
flows by gravity into the roll gap intermediate the end zones. In consequence, the edges of the strip emerging from the compaction mill are of increased density thus necessitating trimming to a~hi_ve the required consistent . density:and~thickness across the width of the stripO
25 ~ According to the present invention in one aspect, there is provided apparatus for compacting ~particulate ~ . . .
z ~. metalliferous materLal into strip orm whLch comprises ~: ~ a pair of compaction rolls mounted with their rotational axes spaced in~a substantially horizontal plane to define-~: - 2 -.
~ , ::: ' ~ ' .
a roll gap therebetween~ movable endless belts positioned one at each end of the roll gap in engagement with the end faces of the rolls to close off the ends of the roll gap, a hopper for feeding particulate ma~erial to the roll gap mounted with its discharge orifice positioned above and extending across substantially the full length of the roll gap, shielding plate assemblies positioned one behind or in front of each side wall of the hopper, means for effecting relative movemen~ between the shielding plate assemblies and the hopper side walls whereby the lower margin of each shj~elding plate assembly can protrude at least partially below the lower margin of the respective hopper side wall to define the l.engthwise extending boundaries of the discharge orifice of the hopper, and means for restricting the flow of particulate material to the end zones of the roll gap to .
counteract the tendency of particulate material to be drawn into these end zones by the endless belts thereby to maintain the rate at which particulate material enters the roll gap substantially uniform along Lts entire lengthD
~ In a preferred arrangement~ the lower margins o the hopper side walls and shieldi~g plate assemblies are so shaped that together they define lengthwise extendi.ng discharge ori~fice bound~ries which protrude dow~wardly at their ends to restrict flow of particulate material to the 25 . end zones of the roll gap. The lower margin of each shielding plate assembly may be symmetrically shaped about its mid-point to define downwardly protruding end portions and the lower margins of the hopper side walls may lie in : a common substantially horixontal plane or vice versa. The ~ , :
~ . , .
~ ~ 3~7~ ~
hopper side walls may carry flexible extensions which engag~ the barrel surfaces of the rolls.
Preferably, the shielding plate assemblies are slidably mounted behind the hopper side walls~ Means may additionally be provided for raising and lowering the hopper relative to the roll gap~
In one embodiment of the invention, each shielding plate comprises a flat plate of width substantially equaL to that of its respective side wall. In an alternative embodiment each shielding plate assembly comprises a pair of downwardly extending strips which are movable to protrude below the lower margin of the adjacent side wall at the ends thereof.
In an alternative construction, surfaces of each hopper side wall and/or shielding plate assembly which lie abo~e the end zones of the roll gap are roughened or coated with a high friction material to resist the flow of particulate -~ material to~ the end zones of the roll gap!
The surface;area of each endless belt in contact with 20 ; the particulate material in the hopper may be varied by means of an adjustably mounted shutter provided with a high Eriction surface. Alternatively, each adjustably mounted shutter may~have a surface whîch protrudes into the space - immediately above one end zone of the roll gap to restrict ~5 flow of particulate material into said end zone, According to the present i~vention in a further aspect9 ~; ~ a ~ethod of producing strip by compacting particulate metallierous materlal comprises the steps of feeding particulate material into a roll gap defLned between a . .
'7~
pair of compaction rolls mounted with -their rotational axes spaced in a substan-tially horizontal plane, closing off the ends of the roll gap by means of endless belts positioned one at each end of the roll gap in engagement and moveable with the end faces of the rolls, controlling the rate of feed of particulate material to the roll gap by varying the area of roll surface exposed to the particulate materiaI, and restricting the flow of particulate material to the end zones of the roll gap to counteract the tendency of particulate material to be drawn into these end zones by the endless belts thereby to maintain the rate at which particulate material enters the roll gap substan~
tially uni-form along its entire length. In a still further aspect, the invention relates to strip produced in accordance with the method set out in the preceding sentence.
The flow properties of the particulate material within the hopper may be varied differentially across the length of the hopper b~ suitable addition of a solid (eg. graphite), li~uid (eg. oil or water) or gaseous agen-t.
In a still further aspect, the invention provides apparatus for compacting metallic powder into strip form which comprises a compaction mill, movable endless belts positioned one at each end of the roll gap of the mill in frictional engagement with the end faces of the mill rolls to close off the ends of the roll gap, a powder feed hopper mounted with its disaharge orifice~positioned above and extending across substantially the full length of the roll gap of the mill, shielding plate a~ssemblies positioned one behind each side wall of the hopper and movable relative /
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~ - 5 -thereto to positions in which they at:least partially protrude below the lower margin of the hopper side walls to define the lengthwise extending boundaries of the discharge oriEice of ~he hopper, and means for restriot.ing the flow of powder to the end zones of the roll gap to counteract ~he tendency of powder to:be drawn into these end zones by relative movement~between the endless belts and powder entering~the roll-gap..~:~
In a prèferred use of the apparatus an.d operation L0 of the method describ d above, the particulate material consists of metallic powder, eg~ iron, mild~or stainl.ess steel, nickel, copperj alt~ninium,-:or metalliferous ore~
The powder may be produced b~ a~water: atomisation teehnique~
The invention will now be described by way of example with referenceito thle accompanyLng~diagrammatic drawings - . in which~
Figure~l is a side.elevationa-l view in section of ~ . apparatus in accordance~.with the:invant.ion, : . Figure~3 is.a :side elevationaI view of an edge belt and sh~tter assembly used ~o.retain metal:powder within the sides of the roll gap of the m~ll illustrated in Figure ~-Figures:3a~and 3e are.front elevational views of hopper sidè;wall~s and associated shielding plate assemblies employed in:the milll illustrated in Figure 1, Flgures.4a~and 4b illustrate alternative hopper side .
wall and shielding~plate assemblies t:o those illustrated in Figures 3a to :3e~
Figure~ S shows~a ront elevational view of an :
::
.
~ ~ 3~
alternative shielding pla~e assembly in acc~rdance with the inventiong and Figures 6a ~nd 6b are respectively plan and side viewsofan alt~rnative form of shutter assembly to that lllustrated in Figure 20 The invention will be described with reference to the production of metal strip by roll compacting metal ~eg, s~eel3 powder produced by a water-atomisation technique.
Where ~ppropriate9 throughout the following description, like integers bear the same reer~nce ~umerals.
The comp~ction mill illus~rated in Figure 1 includes a pair of ~.o-operating contra-rotatlng rolls 1,2 which toge~her de~ine a roll gap 3 and which are mounted wlth their rotational axes ~paced apart in a substantially hori~on~al pl~neO The roll gap 3 may be varied by movement o~ one roll ~ow~rds or away from ~he other in a known mannerO
A hopper 4 iæ moun~ed ~bove the roll~ 1,2 to feed metal powder P lnto~the roll ~ap 30 TEIe hopper 4 comprises end wall~: S betwe~n w~lch ~re mount~d ~w~ in~ardly inclined side wall~ 6 carIying 1exible extensions 7 which project pàrt-w~y in~:o the entry portloTI of ehe roll gap ~, Positioned b~hind e~ch hopper side wall 6 is a shielding plate assemb:Ly 8,. Thése shie:Lding pl~te ~emblies 8 ~nd he flexible extersion~ 7 o ~he hopper sld~ W~ 9 6 ~r~ pre~erably m~nufactured from ~pringy m~tal ~nd ~re cur~ed particularly at their ~ow~r end~ ~o ~hat they eng~ge th~ barrel sur~aces of th~ rolls 1,~2 1~:the vicini~y of the roll ~ap 3 .~T~e : ~hL~lding plate ~:s~mbl~ies B~nd th~ xibiè extensions o ~he s~de wall~ ~oge~er ~eLne th~ g~hw~se extending , .
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:
3~7'~
boundaries of a slot 9 through wh~ch powder P presen~ in the hopper 4 is ed into the roïl g~p 3~, The slot 9 ex~ends over the ful 1 1 eng~h o ~ the rol 1 ~ap 3 .
Thc hopper 4 is orned at its uppe~ end with flanges 11 which extend outw2rdly to positions above the roll chocks 12. Hydraulic jacks 13 are pos~tioned between the opposed sur~ace~ of the fl~nge~ 11 and chocks lZ and ~re operable ~o move the hopper 4 towards or away fr~m the rol 1 gap 3 ~, 1() Each shleldlng plnte assembly 8 i8 slidably mo~m~ed at lts uppe~ end with:Ln a ~ide 14 sectlred ~o a side face o one of ~he roll chocks 12. l'he shielding plate assemblies 8 can be moved into, or out o, the roll gap 3 by means of a motor (not . s,lown) mechanically couple~ to t4e assemblies 8, The width o~ the slot 9 and th ex~ent of roll barrel sur~ce ex~posed ~o the powde~ can thereby be altered to ~ry~ t:he ra'c~ a'c ~qhi~h powder i8 fed into the roll gapG
As shown in E~i~re 2~ the end~ of ~he roll gap 3 , are closed by en~les~ belts 18 whlch track around idle 20 . pulley~ 19 and fri~tio~ally eng~ge ~he opposed end faces o~ th2 rolls 1, ~`in the vicin~ty o~ ~heiroll gap. Sufficlent drive may be applied ~o the belt6 to overcome the mechanical re~istanc~ o~ ~ the p~lleys ~nd ~o ensure tha~ ~h~ speeds o the b~lts a~e matched to the speeds of l:he rollæ~ Each h~lt 18 i~ urged by its sespective lower pulley 1 9a 1nto cohtacJc with on~ p~ir of e~d faces of the rolls 1,2 between.
~ po~ ons ~b~ve~ and 1ust b~low the bottom of the roll gap : . : 3: so ~ ~o ~eal off ths ends o ~he roll g~p.~ ~n adjus~able ~ . skid 20 i2 p~vid2~ to ~a.lntain tigh. con~act between ~aeh ,~ , . . :
.
, .
' .
.
~ 7~
belt 18 and the respective opposed end faces of the rollsD
Shutters 22 are mounted within channels deined between the opposed surfaces of the end walls 5 and plates 23 secured to the end walls and are movable vertically to regulate the surface area of belt 18 in contact with the powder within the hopper 4. Movement of the shutters is effected by pegs 24 located in suitably shaped slots formed in the plates ~3.
Figures 3a and 3b illustrate ~he shaping applied to ~he lower edges of each shielding plate 8 and each flexible extension 7 of the hopper side wall 6 and Figures 3c to 3e illustrate the po~sitions taken up by each shielding plate 8 with respect to its associated side wall 7 during, respectively, start-up~ slow speed and normal operating speed of the mill.
As will be seen from Figure 3a the lower margin of the shielding plate 8 is shaped at its ends to provide two downwardly protruding ears 25, the central length 26 of the margin being generally straight. The shaping is ~ symmetrical about the mid-point of the shielding plate lower margin. From Figure 3b it will be seen that the lower margin of the side wall 7 follows a straight line normal to the side edges of the wall 70 In an alternative arrangement, the lower margin of the shielding plate may Eollow a concave curve over its entire lengthO
At start-up of the mill each shielding plate 8 is positioned behind its associated side wall 6 so that lengthwise-extending boundaries of the feed slot 9 of the hopper are de~ined solely by the lower margins of the flexible _ 9 _ -:
' .
' :
extensions 7 of the hopper side walls. As the mi.ll accelerates, the hopper 4 is raised to increase the flow of powder to the roll gap; simultaneously each shielding plate is lowered relative to the hopper so that its depending ears 25 partially overlap the lower margi~ of its associa~ed side wall extension. The protruding ears 25 shield the powaerapproaching the end zones of the roll gap from the rolls 1,2 thereby offsetting the tendency of ~he edge bel~s 18 to draw powder i~to these end zones thereby to main~ain the ra~es at which powder enters the roll gap substantially uniform along its entire length~
When operating a~ the normal operating speed of the mill, the ears 25 of the shielding plates 8 protrude completely below the lower margins of the flexible extensions 7 so that the lengthwise-extending boundaries of the feed 510t 9 are now defined by the lower edges of the shielding plates;
again, the fully protruding ears 25 restrict the flow of i . : powder into the end zones of the roll gap to balance the :; tendency o~ powder to be drawn into these end zones by the 20 . belts l8l Thus, at all speeds intermediate start-up and normal running speed~ the ears 25 restrict the flow of : powder to the end zones of the roll gap to enable normal running speed to be achieved without high density bands ~ of powder appearing a~ the edges o~ the roll gap.
If~ as in conventional mills, the lengthwise~
extending boundaries of the hopper feed slot 9 were, at all mill operatlng speeds, defined by shielding plates or . . hopper side walls having straight lower edges similar to . the side wall~ edge shown in~ Figure 3a, then the rate of lG
: ~
~ ~ 3~7~
feed of powder to the end zones of the roll gap 3 would gradually increase with increasing mill speeds due to the effect of the edge belts 18. In the embodiment described above, it will be appreciated that the protruding ears 25 of the shielding plates 8 reduce the area oE roll surface exposed to the powder exiting from the end regions of the hopper feed slot 9, thereby restricting the rate at which powder is fed by the rolls towards the end zones of the roll gap. This restriction off-sets the feeding effect which the edge belts have on the powder adiacent these end zones, In an alternative embodiment to ~hat illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 3 the shielding plates 8 remain stationary during aperation of the mill and the hopper 4 is raised . and lowered relative to the shielding plates to vary the configuration of the lengthwise-extending boundaries of . the feed slot:9 in the manner set out above. In either case, the shaping shown in Figure 3a~applied to the : ; shielding plate may alternatively be applied to the lower edges of the flexible extensions 7 of the hopper side walls ~0 In a further alternative unillustrated embodlment~
the ears 25 may be surfaced with a high friction materi.al : (by suitable coating or treatment) to inhibit further the flow of powder to the end zones of the roll gap. In this embodiment, the ears 25 need not protrude to the same : extent as they would if they were not so coated or treated In the embodi.ment illustrated in Figur s 4a and 4b each shielding plate assembly comprises a pair of side ;: ' ~ :
' ~
~ ~ ~ 3 ~
strips 27 which, in operation of the mill~ protrude below the lower margin of the hopper side wall flexible extensions 7. The end of the strips 27 and the ends of the lower margin of the side wall extensions 7 are shaped to provide a smooth transition at the slow-speed mill operating position shown in Figure 4a and at the normal operating position shown in Figure 4b.
In the arrangement illustrated in Figure 5 each side wall extension 7 (or alternatively each shielding plate) is surfaced at its lower outer edge with a high friction material 28 such as emery cloth. The high friction material restricts the flow of powder into the end 70nes of the roll gap. In an alternative construction the outer lower edges of the side walls of the shielding plates may be roughened by a machining, shot blasting or similar treatment.
Turning now to Figures 6a and 6b, each shutter 22 is formed on its surface facing the roll gap 3 with a curved protrusion 29 which extends into the entry region of the roll gap above the roll gap end zones to restrict the flow of powder into these end zones. Movement of the shutters towards and away from the roll gap 3 respectively increases and decreases the restrictions imposed by the ` shutters on the rate at which powder flows to the end zones of the roll gap, The~shutters 29 may be used in combination with the shaped shielding plates~or hopper side walls describedhereinbefore~ As will be seen from Figure 6a the~base of the~shutter i6 shaped so that it just clears the shielding~plates and roll6 when the shutter
2 -' .
10 ~ 3 ~
is at its lowest position and when the rolls are touching.
In a further embodiment of the invention, restriction of thc rlow of particulate material to the end ~ones of ~he roll gap is effected by suitable variation of the flow properties of the material within the hopper. Thus~ a suitable soli~ (eg. graphite), liquid (e g. oil or water) or gaseous agent may be added to the powder in the hopper differen~ially to vary i~s flow characteristics~
In each of the foregoing arrangements, it will be appreoiated that the relative settings of the hopper~
the shielding plate assemblies and the edge belt shutters are changed during changes of mill speed so as to con~rol the flow of particulate material to the roll gap to maintain the rate at which par~iculate material enters the roll gap substantially uniform along its entire length. When producing strip of a given thickness and density the total mass of particulate material fed to the roll gap per unit time will be increased as rolling sp~ed increases.
The shielding plates may be positioned behind their ~ 20 respective hopper wall~ instead of in front of these walls ; as previously described, Alternatively, the shielding I plates may extend from behind through slots formed in the hopper walls so that their lower portions lie in front of thelower portions of the hopper walls.
25 ~ The relative~positions of the hopper, shlelding plate assemblies and edge belt shutter may, for example, be controlled as the mill accelerates and-de~a~celerates in relation to the instantaneous values of roll speed by reference to previously established empiri~al relationships ~ 13 ~ ~
.
:
.
' ' ~ .
~ ~ 3 7'~'~
for the particular type of strip being roll compacted.
Alternatively, their relative positions may be controlled by providing control signals derived from sensors which measure the thickness and density o~ the roll compacted strip as it emerges from the mill. In practice a series of such sensors, or one or more scanning sensors could be used to provide information on thickness and density across the full width of the strip~
These two methods may be used in combination by, 1() for example~ controlling the hopper~ shielding plate assembly and edge belt shutter settings according to the predetermined relationship with roll speed and making fine ~ adjustments from signals derived from the thickness and ; ~ density sensors.
It will be appreciated that other known methods of control may be applied.
, ~ -.
, ~ . .
. ~ '~'. '' ' ' .
:;: : ' ,, ' . .
10 ~ 3 ~
is at its lowest position and when the rolls are touching.
In a further embodiment of the invention, restriction of thc rlow of particulate material to the end ~ones of ~he roll gap is effected by suitable variation of the flow properties of the material within the hopper. Thus~ a suitable soli~ (eg. graphite), liquid (e g. oil or water) or gaseous agent may be added to the powder in the hopper differen~ially to vary i~s flow characteristics~
In each of the foregoing arrangements, it will be appreoiated that the relative settings of the hopper~
the shielding plate assemblies and the edge belt shutters are changed during changes of mill speed so as to con~rol the flow of particulate material to the roll gap to maintain the rate at which par~iculate material enters the roll gap substantially uniform along its entire length. When producing strip of a given thickness and density the total mass of particulate material fed to the roll gap per unit time will be increased as rolling sp~ed increases.
The shielding plates may be positioned behind their ~ 20 respective hopper wall~ instead of in front of these walls ; as previously described, Alternatively, the shielding I plates may extend from behind through slots formed in the hopper walls so that their lower portions lie in front of thelower portions of the hopper walls.
25 ~ The relative~positions of the hopper, shlelding plate assemblies and edge belt shutter may, for example, be controlled as the mill accelerates and-de~a~celerates in relation to the instantaneous values of roll speed by reference to previously established empiri~al relationships ~ 13 ~ ~
.
:
.
' ' ~ .
~ ~ 3 7'~'~
for the particular type of strip being roll compacted.
Alternatively, their relative positions may be controlled by providing control signals derived from sensors which measure the thickness and density o~ the roll compacted strip as it emerges from the mill. In practice a series of such sensors, or one or more scanning sensors could be used to provide information on thickness and density across the full width of the strip~
These two methods may be used in combination by, 1() for example~ controlling the hopper~ shielding plate assembly and edge belt shutter settings according to the predetermined relationship with roll speed and making fine ~ adjustments from signals derived from the thickness and ; ~ density sensors.
It will be appreciated that other known methods of control may be applied.
, ~ -.
, ~ . .
. ~ '~'. '' ' ' .
:;: : ' ,, ' . .
Claims (16)
1. Apparatus for compacting particulate metalliferous material into strip form which comprises a pair of compaction rolls mounted with their rotational axes spaced in a substantially horizontal plane to define a roll gap therebetween, movable endless belts positioned one at each end of the roll gap in engagement with the end faces of the rolls to close of the ends of the roll gap, a hopper for feeding particulate material into the roll gap mounted with its discharge orifice positioned above and extending across substantially the full length of the roll gap, shielding plate assemblies positioned one behind or in front of each side wall of the hopper, means for effecting relative movement between the shielding plate assemblies and the hopper side walls whereby the lower margin of each shielding plate assembly can protrude at least partially below the lower margin of the respective hopper side wall to define the lengthwise extending boundaries of the discharge orifice of the hopper, and means for restricting the flow of particulate material to the end zones of the roll gap to counteract the tendency of particulate material to be drawn into these end zones by the endless belts thereby to maintain the rate at which particulate material enters the roll gap substantially uniform along its entire length.
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the lower margins of the hopper side walls and shielding plate assemblies are so shaped that together they define lengthwise extending boundaries which protrude downwardly at their ends to restrict the flow of particulate material to the end zones of the roll gap.
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein the lower margin of each shielding plate assembly is symmetrically shaped about its mid-point to define downwardly protruding end portions.
4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein the lower margin of each hopper side wall is symmetrically shaped about its mid-point to define downwardly protruding end portions.
5. Apparatus as claimed in claims 2, 3 or 4, wherein the hopper side walls carry flexible extensions which engage the barrel surfaces of the rolls.
6. Apparatus as claimed in claims 2, 3 or 4, wherein the shielding plate assemblies are slidably mounted behind the hopper side walls.
7. Apparatus as claimed in claims 2, 3 or 4, wherein means are provided for raising and lowering the hopper relative to the roll gap.
8. Apparatus as claimed in claims 2, 3 or 4, wherein each shielding plate comprises a flat plate of width substantially equal to that of the adjacent side wall.
9. Apparatus as claimed in claims 2, 3 or 4, wherein each shielding plate assembly comprises a pair of downwardly extending strips which are movable to protrude below the lower margin of the adjacent side wall at the ends thereof.
10. Apparatus as claimed in claims 2, 3 or 4, wherein the surfaces of each hopper side wall which lie above the end zones of the roll gap are roughened or coated with a high friction material to resist the flow of particulate material to the end zones of the roll gap,
11. Apparatus as claimed in claims 2, 3 or 4, wherein the surfaces of each shielding plate assembly which lie above the end zones of the roll gap are roughened or coated with a high friction material to resist the flow of particulate material to the end zones of the roll gap.
12. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein an adjustably mounted shutter is mounted adjacent each endless belt and is movable to vary the surface area of endless belt in contact with the particulate material in the hopper.
13. Apparatus as claimed in claim 12 wherein the surface of the shutter which in use lies in contact with the particulate material contained in the hopper is provided with a high friction surface.
14. Apparatus as claimed in claim 12 wherein each adjustably mounted shutter has a surface which protrudes into the space immediately above one end zone of the roll gap to restrict flow of particulate material into said end zone.
15. Apparatus for continuously compacting metallic powder into strip form comprises a compaction mill, movable endless belts positioned one at each end of the roll gap of the mill in frictional engagement with the end faces of the mill rolls to close off the ends of the roll gap, a powder feed hopper mounted with its discharge orifice positioned above and extending across substantially the full length of the roll gap of the mill, shielding plate assemblies positioned one behind each side wall of the the hopper and movable relative thereto to positions in which they at least partially protrude below the lower margins of the hopper side walls to define the lengthwise-extending boundaries of the discharge orifice of the hopper, and means for restricting the flow of powder to the end zones of the roll gap to counteract the tendency of powder to be drawn into these end zones by relative movement between the endless belts and powder entering the roll gap.
16. A method of producing strip by compacting particulate metalliferous material comprises the steps of feeding particulate material from the discharge orifice of a hopper into a roll gap defined between a pair of compaction rolls mounted with their rotational axes spaced in a substan-tially horizontal plane, closing off the ends of the roll gap by means of endless belts positioned one at each end of the roll gap in engagement and moveable with the end faces of the rolls, controlling the rate of feed of particulate material to the roll gap by varying the area of roll surface exposed to the parti-culate material, and restricting the flow of particulate material to the end zones of the roll gap to counteract the tendency of particulate material to be drawn into these end zones by the endless belts thereby to maintain the rate at which particulate material enters the roll gap substantially uniform along its entire length.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB29779/76 | 1976-07-16 | ||
| GB29779/76A GB1544534A (en) | 1976-07-16 | 1976-07-16 | Production of metal strip or sheet |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1093779A true CA1093779A (en) | 1981-01-20 |
Family
ID=10297040
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA282,857A Expired CA1093779A (en) | 1976-07-16 | 1977-07-15 | Production of metal strip |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6047321B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT365107B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU505029B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE856881A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7704636A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1093779A (en) |
| DD (1) | DD132411A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2732114C3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES460809A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2358227A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1544534A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL52504A (en) |
| IN (1) | IN148128B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1083671B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU77778A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7707774A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE436981B (en) |
| SU (1) | SU849988A3 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA774126B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109648910B (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2021-01-05 | 王力 | A material collecting groove device for improving powder ball pressing forming strength |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2758336A (en) * | 1952-12-03 | 1956-08-14 | Franssen Hermann | Rolling strips from metal powder |
| FR1163509A (en) * | 1955-12-15 | 1958-09-29 | Mond Nickel Co Ltd | Improvements in processes and apparatus for the production of metal strips from powdered metal |
| DE1458295A1 (en) * | 1963-02-12 | 1969-01-23 | Schloemann Ag | Device for limiting the side of the roll gap of a rolling mill for the production of profiles, in particular sheets and strips from particles |
| FR1353947A (en) * | 1963-04-19 | 1964-02-28 | Sherritt Gordon Mines Ltd | Apparatus for compacting metal particles and coated metal particles using cylinders |
| DE1458286B2 (en) * | 1963-04-29 | 1971-02-04 | Sherntt Gordon Mines Ltd , Toronto, Ontario (Kanada) | Device for laterally covering the nip when rolling metal powder |
| GB1270670A (en) * | 1968-10-30 | 1972-04-12 | British Iron Steel Research | Rolling sheet or strip from particulate material |
-
1976
- 1976-07-16 GB GB29779/76A patent/GB1544534A/en not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-07-08 ZA ZA00774126A patent/ZA774126B/en unknown
- 1977-07-11 IL IL52504A patent/IL52504A/en unknown
- 1977-07-11 IN IN1058/CAL/77A patent/IN148128B/en unknown
- 1977-07-12 NL NL7707774A patent/NL7707774A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-07-13 AU AU26985/77A patent/AU505029B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-14 BR BR7704636A patent/BR7704636A/en unknown
- 1977-07-15 SE SE7708230A patent/SE436981B/en unknown
- 1977-07-15 CA CA282,857A patent/CA1093779A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-15 LU LU77778A patent/LU77778A1/xx unknown
- 1977-07-15 BE BE179405A patent/BE856881A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-15 ES ES460809A patent/ES460809A1/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-15 SU SU772506506A patent/SU849988A3/en active
- 1977-07-15 IT IT68646/77A patent/IT1083671B/en active
- 1977-07-15 DE DE2732114A patent/DE2732114C3/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-15 AT AT0515377A patent/AT365107B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-15 JP JP52084908A patent/JPS6047321B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-18 DD DD7700200132A patent/DD132411A5/en unknown
- 1977-07-18 FR FR7721917A patent/FR2358227A1/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES460809A1 (en) | 1978-04-16 |
| SE436981B (en) | 1985-02-04 |
| IT1083671B (en) | 1985-05-25 |
| ATA515377A (en) | 1981-05-15 |
| BR7704636A (en) | 1978-04-04 |
| GB1544534A (en) | 1979-04-19 |
| AU2698577A (en) | 1979-01-18 |
| SU849988A3 (en) | 1981-07-23 |
| DD132411A5 (en) | 1978-09-27 |
| BE856881A (en) | 1977-10-31 |
| IL52504A (en) | 1982-02-28 |
| AT365107B (en) | 1981-12-10 |
| FR2358227B1 (en) | 1982-06-04 |
| AU505029B2 (en) | 1979-11-08 |
| SE7708230L (en) | 1978-01-17 |
| LU77778A1 (en) | 1977-10-17 |
| FR2358227A1 (en) | 1978-02-10 |
| DE2732114A1 (en) | 1978-01-19 |
| DE2732114C3 (en) | 1981-11-19 |
| NL7707774A (en) | 1978-01-18 |
| IL52504A0 (en) | 1977-10-31 |
| ZA774126B (en) | 1978-04-26 |
| IN148128B (en) | 1980-11-08 |
| JPS5330909A (en) | 1978-03-23 |
| DE2732114B2 (en) | 1981-03-19 |
| JPS6047321B2 (en) | 1985-10-21 |
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