CA1090264A - Rotating interleaved disc filter apparatus - Google Patents
Rotating interleaved disc filter apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- CA1090264A CA1090264A CA270,707A CA270707A CA1090264A CA 1090264 A CA1090264 A CA 1090264A CA 270707 A CA270707 A CA 270707A CA 1090264 A CA1090264 A CA 1090264A
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- plates
- line
- plate
- container
- sets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/27—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary filtering surfaces, which are neither cylindrical nor planar, e.g. helical surfaces
- B01D33/275—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary filtering surfaces, which are neither cylindrical nor planar, e.g. helical surfaces using contiguous impervious surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/35—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with multiple filtering elements characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D33/37—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with multiple filtering elements characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
TITLE - A Filter Apparatus ABSTRACT
A filter apparatus comprising a container, a plurality of sets of rotatable filter elements disposed in the con-tainer, each set comprising first and second circular filter plates of different diameters with one or more holes pro-vided in each plate at the same distance from the center thereof, and interleaved with third plates of a smaller dia-meter than the first and second plates, with the sets dis-posed in a line and sealed in the container with exits provided aligned with the holes whereby the sets of filter plates are rotated in the same direction and unfiltered material is supplied to the container to cause the sludge to adhere to the plates and accumulate toward the end of the line and filtered material to pass through the holes and out of the exits from the container.
A filter apparatus comprising a container, a plurality of sets of rotatable filter elements disposed in the con-tainer, each set comprising first and second circular filter plates of different diameters with one or more holes pro-vided in each plate at the same distance from the center thereof, and interleaved with third plates of a smaller dia-meter than the first and second plates, with the sets dis-posed in a line and sealed in the container with exits provided aligned with the holes whereby the sets of filter plates are rotated in the same direction and unfiltered material is supplied to the container to cause the sludge to adhere to the plates and accumulate toward the end of the line and filtered material to pass through the holes and out of the exits from the container.
Description
1090~
BACKGROVND OF THE I~VENTIOI~
~ his invention relates to a filter apparatus, which may be used, for example in separating and collecting fine grains or particles and liquids from fine grain suspensions or emulsions.
Various methods and apparatus have been tried heretofore for filtration of fine grains from fine grain suspensions and emulsions. But, all of these prior methods and apparatus have various defects. The filter cloth method uses a cloth as a filtering medium. Disadvantageously, the cloth filter method cannot be used for continuous filtrations for any len~th o time due to rapid sludge buildup. Moreover, this method could not produce fractional filtration of very ine grains without difficulty. Another method employes porcelain or metal pipes having numerous holes of very small diameters.
Experience has shown that such holes are likely to become easily clogged by fine grains, and as a result, continuous filter operation was difficult to achieve for any length of time in many cases. Japanese Patent Publication 46416/1972 20 employes filter elements which are positioned closely to each other and around a circle. Disadvantageously, the fil-tering capacity was low because the~surface area of the fil-ter elements exposed to the suspension or emulsion was in-sufficient.
SU~5~ARY OF THE INVENTION
` Accordingly, an object of the invention is to eliminate the above discussed and other deficiencies of the prior art.
Another object of the invention is to provide a filter which can efficiently filter fine grains from suspensions or e~ulsiolls and be operable for long lengths of time without clogging.
,he foregoing and other objects of the invention are
BACKGROVND OF THE I~VENTIOI~
~ his invention relates to a filter apparatus, which may be used, for example in separating and collecting fine grains or particles and liquids from fine grain suspensions or emulsions.
Various methods and apparatus have been tried heretofore for filtration of fine grains from fine grain suspensions and emulsions. But, all of these prior methods and apparatus have various defects. The filter cloth method uses a cloth as a filtering medium. Disadvantageously, the cloth filter method cannot be used for continuous filtrations for any len~th o time due to rapid sludge buildup. Moreover, this method could not produce fractional filtration of very ine grains without difficulty. Another method employes porcelain or metal pipes having numerous holes of very small diameters.
Experience has shown that such holes are likely to become easily clogged by fine grains, and as a result, continuous filter operation was difficult to achieve for any length of time in many cases. Japanese Patent Publication 46416/1972 20 employes filter elements which are positioned closely to each other and around a circle. Disadvantageously, the fil-tering capacity was low because the~surface area of the fil-ter elements exposed to the suspension or emulsion was in-sufficient.
SU~5~ARY OF THE INVENTION
` Accordingly, an object of the invention is to eliminate the above discussed and other deficiencies of the prior art.
Another object of the invention is to provide a filter which can efficiently filter fine grains from suspensions or e~ulsiolls and be operable for long lengths of time without clogging.
,he foregoing and other objects of the invention are
- 2 -~90~:i4 attained by a filter apparatus comprising (a) a container having one or more openings for supplying unfiltered material and one or more exits for removing filtered liquid material;
(b) at least one horizontal line of side-by-side sets of rotatable filter elements disposed within said container, each set comprising (i) a plurality of circular first plates having a first diameter, each plate having at least one hole at a predetermined distance from the center thereof, (ii) a plurality of circular second plates having a diameter larger than said first diameter, each second plate having at least one hole at said predetermined distance from the center : thereof, and being of a size and shape substantially similar to said at least one hole in said first plates" ~iii) a plurality of interleaving circular plates of a third diameter smaller than said first diameter and smaller than said predetermined distance from the center, and (iv) means for holding said first plate, interleaving plate, and second `~ plate in that order in each set with their centers in substantially the same axis and within said container, whereby said at least one hole of each of said first and second plates are aligned with said one or more exits with one set disposed adjacent the other set with the first plate of one set adjacent the second plate of the other set and in the same plane; and (c) means for moving said sets in the same line of filter elements in the same rotary direction, whereby unfiltered material is supplied to said one or more opening of said container and by centrifugal force of the rotating plates sludge is separated from liquid and moved toward the outer periphery of the plates and then transferred from one plate to the next down the line and accumulated toward the end of the line, and filtered liquid - ~9~
material remaining after the separation passes through said at least one hole of said first and second plates and sludge remaining in said filtered liquid material is on the lower next level separated by similar rotating of said plates, moved toward the outer peripheries of the plates, then transferred from plate to plate in a line and accumulated toward the end of the line at said next lower level, with the again filtered liquid material dropping level by level until substantially fil~ered liquid is removed from said one or ~more exits.
Advantageously, the filtering efficiency of this apparatus is extremely high since the spaces between the filter pieces, which may advantageously be of metal, can be adjusted as desired and in accordance with the size of the fine grains contemplated to be filtered out. Also, it is possible to continuously remove accumulated sludge by the flow of the unfiltered material, or mechanically. The sludge accumulates in incresed amounts to~ard the end of the line of ~ets of filter elements because the turning of the filter ~lements in the same rotary direction causes filtered sludge to transfer from one plate to another along the line. Since the fine grained matter which is filtered out is transferred from one element to another next in line, there will be no possibility of clogging of the ilter apparatus. Also, the area of contact of the sludge with the filter pieces is large and most efficient.
A further feature of an embodiment of the invention is two or more holes in each plate of substantially the same size and shape located at substantially the same distance from the center and spaced equidistance from each other; the holes of each plate can be aligned with each ~ .
~9~3~t;4 other or out of alignment with each other.
Another feature is the thic~ness of the first and second plates being substantially the same, and preferably about 1 mm.
Another feature of the embodiment is the use of two compartments in the container, one compartment containing the sets of filter elements in a water tight seal and having one or more outlets positioned adjacent the holes in the first and second plates and the second compartment communicated with the one or more outlets.
~ further feature is the removal of sludge accumulated in increased amounts toward the end of the line of filter elements through a separate outlet by flow of u~filtered material.
Another feature is the use of two or more even numbered lines of a plurality of sets of filter elements.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an illustrative set of filter elements of an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial elevational cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. l;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of an illustrative filter apparatus employed in a contai~er with a plurality of sets of filter elements disposed in two stxaight lines;
FIG. 4 is an elevational view of the embodiment of FIG. 3; and FIG. 5 is a partial elevational cross-sectional view of the filter apparatus in more detail.
.,~, .
` ` ~090~64 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In the different figures the same numbers will refer to the same parts. In FIGS. 1 and 2, there are depicted two sets of filter elements I and II, each com-prising a plurality of circular first plates 2 and 1' (the numbers have a prime ~') for the set designated II) having a predetermined first diameter; a plurality of circular second filter plates 1 and 2', and having a larger diameter than the predetermined first diameter, and an interleaving circular plate 3 therebetween. Between the second and first plates in each set are similar inter-leaving circular plates 4. The interleaving plates 3 and 4 have a diameter smaller than the predeterminéd first diameter. As depicted in FIG. 2, the stacked sets may be arranged to have the first and second plates close to each other and in the same plane.
As depicted more clearly in FIG. 1, each of the first and second plates have one or more holes 6 and 6' located at the same distance from the center, such distance being greater than the diameter of the interleaving plates
(b) at least one horizontal line of side-by-side sets of rotatable filter elements disposed within said container, each set comprising (i) a plurality of circular first plates having a first diameter, each plate having at least one hole at a predetermined distance from the center thereof, (ii) a plurality of circular second plates having a diameter larger than said first diameter, each second plate having at least one hole at said predetermined distance from the center : thereof, and being of a size and shape substantially similar to said at least one hole in said first plates" ~iii) a plurality of interleaving circular plates of a third diameter smaller than said first diameter and smaller than said predetermined distance from the center, and (iv) means for holding said first plate, interleaving plate, and second `~ plate in that order in each set with their centers in substantially the same axis and within said container, whereby said at least one hole of each of said first and second plates are aligned with said one or more exits with one set disposed adjacent the other set with the first plate of one set adjacent the second plate of the other set and in the same plane; and (c) means for moving said sets in the same line of filter elements in the same rotary direction, whereby unfiltered material is supplied to said one or more opening of said container and by centrifugal force of the rotating plates sludge is separated from liquid and moved toward the outer periphery of the plates and then transferred from one plate to the next down the line and accumulated toward the end of the line, and filtered liquid - ~9~
material remaining after the separation passes through said at least one hole of said first and second plates and sludge remaining in said filtered liquid material is on the lower next level separated by similar rotating of said plates, moved toward the outer peripheries of the plates, then transferred from plate to plate in a line and accumulated toward the end of the line at said next lower level, with the again filtered liquid material dropping level by level until substantially fil~ered liquid is removed from said one or ~more exits.
Advantageously, the filtering efficiency of this apparatus is extremely high since the spaces between the filter pieces, which may advantageously be of metal, can be adjusted as desired and in accordance with the size of the fine grains contemplated to be filtered out. Also, it is possible to continuously remove accumulated sludge by the flow of the unfiltered material, or mechanically. The sludge accumulates in incresed amounts to~ard the end of the line of ~ets of filter elements because the turning of the filter ~lements in the same rotary direction causes filtered sludge to transfer from one plate to another along the line. Since the fine grained matter which is filtered out is transferred from one element to another next in line, there will be no possibility of clogging of the ilter apparatus. Also, the area of contact of the sludge with the filter pieces is large and most efficient.
A further feature of an embodiment of the invention is two or more holes in each plate of substantially the same size and shape located at substantially the same distance from the center and spaced equidistance from each other; the holes of each plate can be aligned with each ~ .
~9~3~t;4 other or out of alignment with each other.
Another feature is the thic~ness of the first and second plates being substantially the same, and preferably about 1 mm.
Another feature of the embodiment is the use of two compartments in the container, one compartment containing the sets of filter elements in a water tight seal and having one or more outlets positioned adjacent the holes in the first and second plates and the second compartment communicated with the one or more outlets.
~ further feature is the removal of sludge accumulated in increased amounts toward the end of the line of filter elements through a separate outlet by flow of u~filtered material.
Another feature is the use of two or more even numbered lines of a plurality of sets of filter elements.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an illustrative set of filter elements of an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial elevational cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. l;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of an illustrative filter apparatus employed in a contai~er with a plurality of sets of filter elements disposed in two stxaight lines;
FIG. 4 is an elevational view of the embodiment of FIG. 3; and FIG. 5 is a partial elevational cross-sectional view of the filter apparatus in more detail.
.,~, .
` ` ~090~64 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In the different figures the same numbers will refer to the same parts. In FIGS. 1 and 2, there are depicted two sets of filter elements I and II, each com-prising a plurality of circular first plates 2 and 1' (the numbers have a prime ~') for the set designated II) having a predetermined first diameter; a plurality of circular second filter plates 1 and 2', and having a larger diameter than the predetermined first diameter, and an interleaving circular plate 3 therebetween. Between the second and first plates in each set are similar inter-leaving circular plates 4. The interleaving plates 3 and 4 have a diameter smaller than the predeterminéd first diameter. As depicted in FIG. 2, the stacked sets may be arranged to have the first and second plates close to each other and in the same plane.
As depicted more clearly in FIG. 1, each of the first and second plates have one or more holes 6 and 6' located at the same distance from the center, such distance being greater than the diameter of the interleaving plates
3 and 4. If there is more than one hole in each plate, the two or more holes are spaced preferably equidistance from each other and at the same radius. When the first and second plates are stacked together, the holes in each need not be aligned with respect to each other, but the holes are at the same radial distance. The holes in each plate are preferably of the same size and shape.
~.
~l~sa~
The plates may be of any suitable material, such as metal and the thickness of the first and second plates may differ in accordance with the diameters of the fine grain in suspen-sion or emulsion desired to be filtered out. In the average case, thicknesses corresponding to the diametexs of grains under 1 ~m will suffice. The thickness of the first and se-cond plate are preferably the same.
F.ach of the first plates, second plates and interleaving plates has a hole ~ or A' in the center thereof (such as in FIGS 1 and 2) for placement of a shaft 5 or 5' therein.
The plates may be affixed to the shaft itself for enabling rotation of the stacked sets by the shaft 5. When the holes are at the center, by suitable adjustment oJ the spaces be-tween the shafts, the degree of closenoss of the plate edges can be controlled.
The total n~er of first and second plates, 1,1',2,2' in each set is preferably the same and the diameters of the first plates are preferably different from the diamPters of the second plates. The first and second plates are preferably mounted in alternate order with interleaving plates 3,4 there-between. The sets I and II are positioned such that as shown in FIG 2, the shorter first filter plate 1' of set I is in the same plane and in close proximit~ to the larger second filter plate 1 of set II.
~ loles 6 and 6' will preferably be at the same distance from the center.
As depicted in FIGS. 3, 4, 5, two or more sets of filter olem~nts I and II may bo placod in two or moro, and pre:rerably an even number of straight lines in container 30.
., lO9C32~i4 Container 30, which may be rectangular in shape, is prefer-ably water tight and has one or more supply inlets 31 and one or more exits 32 for filtered liquid. The sets of filter elements I and II may be removed for cleaning by opening sludge outlet 10 and removing same therethrough. In most cases, however, the sludge removal can be continuous and be accomplished by opening the outlet 10 and having the flow of unfiltered material push out the sludge through out-let 10 after removal of the sludge remover 33. The plate like remover 33 is disposed between the end of the line of sets of filter elements and the sludge outlet 10, as shown in FIG. 3. Since the filter elements are all rotated in the same rotary dir0ction, in the same line, the sl~dge is or tends to be transferred from one plate to another down the line, and become accumulated in increasing amounts toward the end of the line. The accumulated sludge may tend to pile up on take out plate 33.
Turning now to FIG. 5, the first plates, second plates and interleaving plates 3, 4 are mounted on shafts 5, 5'.
Gears 21 are mounted on the respective shafts 5, 5' for driving the sets of filter elements in the same rows in the same direction such as shown by arrows in FIG. 3, using a motor means not shown.
Shafts 5, 5' are water-tightly sealed at the top of con-tainer 30 with packings 23 and bearing 22, and at the bottom of container 30 with packings 23' and bearings 22'. The con-tainer 30 is preferably of water tight construction and has two separate compartments. The upper compartment preferably contains the filter elements sets sealed in by plugs 25 from the lower compartment 24. Between the upper and lower com-:i~9(~
partments, are one or more openings 26 located at the same distance from the center axis and hence aligned with holes 6,6' of the filter plates so that the filtered liquid will pass through holes 6,6' and through holes 26 and collect in lower compartment 24 and be drained therefrom through exit 32. Of course, the lower compartment 24 is not essential and openings 26 may be used for removal of the filtered material.
The filter apparatus operates as follows. The sludge take out port lO of container 30 is closed to be water tight.
Unfiltered material ,such as fine grain suspension or emul-sion is supplied to container 30 through one or more inlets 31 (see FIG. 3) The container is preferably maintained at a pressure above atmospheric pressure. However, if the dis-persed fine grains of the emulsion are soft, pressure should not be applied. When the container 30 is filled with the un-filtered material, the shafts 5,5' of the sets of elements are all driven in the same rotary direction for the same line, by motor means transferred via gears 21 connected to the shafts. In one embodiment, wherein two straight lines or rows of sets of filter elements was used, such as shown in FIG. 3, the elements in one line rotated in one direction, and the elements in the other line rotated in the opposite direction,In this manner, and with the supply inlet located toward the end of the line (see FIG.3), the sludge would tend to be transferred from right to left at the outer areas and from left to right in the center area. This is advan-tageous in that the sludge would tend to accumulate at the takeout port 10 and sludge removal is simplified and made more efficient.
The rotary speed of the filter elements may be varied according to the material being filtered. In one embodiment _ g _ lZ~
the rotary speed was about one revolution per 15 minutes.
The fine grains are prevented from travelling between the first and second plates 1,1' and ~,2' and adhere to the surfaces of the plates in layersO There will be some escape but ~ost of the filtering will be done at the top and fewer grains will be filtered as the material flows down. The sludge adhered to the plates will tend to be transferred from one plate to the next adjacent plate and so on down the line until at the end there will tend to be a greater buildup of sludge. The same direction rotation o the se~s o plates in each line enables this accumulation to take place in this manner. The filtered liquid is caused to travel through holes 6,6' and then (in case of ~IG.5) through openings 26 and collect in compartment 2~ for drain-age through exits 32.
The fine grain accumulation on the surfaces of the fil-ter plates will thicken in layers with passage of time and increase in unfiltered material supplied, and be accumulated in increasing amounts toward the end of the line. The fine grains may be taken out continuously by the flow of unfil-tered material pushing the sludge through opening 10 which may be opened for such purpose. Ho~lever, the grain may con-tinue to accumulated and not be removable by only the flow of unfiltered material. Sludge may also be removed by mech-anical means after removal of sludge removal plate 33. Also, the entire sets of filter elements may be removed and cleaned and replaced, in another embodiment. Thus, advantageously, sludye removal is efficient and convenient. It may be done while continuing the filtering operation.
~epeating the above operations makes possible rapid, convenicnt, easy separation and collection of fine grains and li~uids from emulsions and suspension, and the like.
;4 Advantageously, this invention uses a plurality of levels of separation plates which rotate in the same rotary directions, in a line. The material to be filtered may contain particles of sizes in a liquid. The material to be filtered out starts at the top level of the plates at the front of the line. By centrifugal force, the rotating plates will separate the sludge from the liquid and cause the sludge to move toward the outer peripheries of the plates. The remaining filtered liquid which may contain n sludge particles/ goes through holes 6, 6' to the next lower level, whereat the same centrifugal action will separate the grains from the liquld and so on until the remaining liquid toward the lower parts is substantially filtered and contains only particles of the size desired or smaller. The plates are situated with respect to each other in a manner that liquid and particles smaller than the size desired may go between the plates, but other larger particles will not go through the spaces between the plates.
At each level, the sludge which moves toward the outer periphery is transferred from plate to plate down the line until it is accumulated, for example, on remover plate 33, toward the end of the line. The accumulated sludge may be removed through door 34 either mechanically or by force of the other sludge moving from the front of the line toward the end of the line forcing out the accumulated sludge.
The foregoing description is illustrative of the prin-ciples of the invention. Numerous other variations and mod-ifications thereof would be apparent to the worker skilled in the art. All such modifications and variations are to be considered to be within the spirit and scope of the invention.
~`J'
~.
~l~sa~
The plates may be of any suitable material, such as metal and the thickness of the first and second plates may differ in accordance with the diameters of the fine grain in suspen-sion or emulsion desired to be filtered out. In the average case, thicknesses corresponding to the diametexs of grains under 1 ~m will suffice. The thickness of the first and se-cond plate are preferably the same.
F.ach of the first plates, second plates and interleaving plates has a hole ~ or A' in the center thereof (such as in FIGS 1 and 2) for placement of a shaft 5 or 5' therein.
The plates may be affixed to the shaft itself for enabling rotation of the stacked sets by the shaft 5. When the holes are at the center, by suitable adjustment oJ the spaces be-tween the shafts, the degree of closenoss of the plate edges can be controlled.
The total n~er of first and second plates, 1,1',2,2' in each set is preferably the same and the diameters of the first plates are preferably different from the diamPters of the second plates. The first and second plates are preferably mounted in alternate order with interleaving plates 3,4 there-between. The sets I and II are positioned such that as shown in FIG 2, the shorter first filter plate 1' of set I is in the same plane and in close proximit~ to the larger second filter plate 1 of set II.
~ loles 6 and 6' will preferably be at the same distance from the center.
As depicted in FIGS. 3, 4, 5, two or more sets of filter olem~nts I and II may bo placod in two or moro, and pre:rerably an even number of straight lines in container 30.
., lO9C32~i4 Container 30, which may be rectangular in shape, is prefer-ably water tight and has one or more supply inlets 31 and one or more exits 32 for filtered liquid. The sets of filter elements I and II may be removed for cleaning by opening sludge outlet 10 and removing same therethrough. In most cases, however, the sludge removal can be continuous and be accomplished by opening the outlet 10 and having the flow of unfiltered material push out the sludge through out-let 10 after removal of the sludge remover 33. The plate like remover 33 is disposed between the end of the line of sets of filter elements and the sludge outlet 10, as shown in FIG. 3. Since the filter elements are all rotated in the same rotary dir0ction, in the same line, the sl~dge is or tends to be transferred from one plate to another down the line, and become accumulated in increasing amounts toward the end of the line. The accumulated sludge may tend to pile up on take out plate 33.
Turning now to FIG. 5, the first plates, second plates and interleaving plates 3, 4 are mounted on shafts 5, 5'.
Gears 21 are mounted on the respective shafts 5, 5' for driving the sets of filter elements in the same rows in the same direction such as shown by arrows in FIG. 3, using a motor means not shown.
Shafts 5, 5' are water-tightly sealed at the top of con-tainer 30 with packings 23 and bearing 22, and at the bottom of container 30 with packings 23' and bearings 22'. The con-tainer 30 is preferably of water tight construction and has two separate compartments. The upper compartment preferably contains the filter elements sets sealed in by plugs 25 from the lower compartment 24. Between the upper and lower com-:i~9(~
partments, are one or more openings 26 located at the same distance from the center axis and hence aligned with holes 6,6' of the filter plates so that the filtered liquid will pass through holes 6,6' and through holes 26 and collect in lower compartment 24 and be drained therefrom through exit 32. Of course, the lower compartment 24 is not essential and openings 26 may be used for removal of the filtered material.
The filter apparatus operates as follows. The sludge take out port lO of container 30 is closed to be water tight.
Unfiltered material ,such as fine grain suspension or emul-sion is supplied to container 30 through one or more inlets 31 (see FIG. 3) The container is preferably maintained at a pressure above atmospheric pressure. However, if the dis-persed fine grains of the emulsion are soft, pressure should not be applied. When the container 30 is filled with the un-filtered material, the shafts 5,5' of the sets of elements are all driven in the same rotary direction for the same line, by motor means transferred via gears 21 connected to the shafts. In one embodiment, wherein two straight lines or rows of sets of filter elements was used, such as shown in FIG. 3, the elements in one line rotated in one direction, and the elements in the other line rotated in the opposite direction,In this manner, and with the supply inlet located toward the end of the line (see FIG.3), the sludge would tend to be transferred from right to left at the outer areas and from left to right in the center area. This is advan-tageous in that the sludge would tend to accumulate at the takeout port 10 and sludge removal is simplified and made more efficient.
The rotary speed of the filter elements may be varied according to the material being filtered. In one embodiment _ g _ lZ~
the rotary speed was about one revolution per 15 minutes.
The fine grains are prevented from travelling between the first and second plates 1,1' and ~,2' and adhere to the surfaces of the plates in layersO There will be some escape but ~ost of the filtering will be done at the top and fewer grains will be filtered as the material flows down. The sludge adhered to the plates will tend to be transferred from one plate to the next adjacent plate and so on down the line until at the end there will tend to be a greater buildup of sludge. The same direction rotation o the se~s o plates in each line enables this accumulation to take place in this manner. The filtered liquid is caused to travel through holes 6,6' and then (in case of ~IG.5) through openings 26 and collect in compartment 2~ for drain-age through exits 32.
The fine grain accumulation on the surfaces of the fil-ter plates will thicken in layers with passage of time and increase in unfiltered material supplied, and be accumulated in increasing amounts toward the end of the line. The fine grains may be taken out continuously by the flow of unfil-tered material pushing the sludge through opening 10 which may be opened for such purpose. Ho~lever, the grain may con-tinue to accumulated and not be removable by only the flow of unfiltered material. Sludge may also be removed by mech-anical means after removal of sludge removal plate 33. Also, the entire sets of filter elements may be removed and cleaned and replaced, in another embodiment. Thus, advantageously, sludye removal is efficient and convenient. It may be done while continuing the filtering operation.
~epeating the above operations makes possible rapid, convenicnt, easy separation and collection of fine grains and li~uids from emulsions and suspension, and the like.
;4 Advantageously, this invention uses a plurality of levels of separation plates which rotate in the same rotary directions, in a line. The material to be filtered may contain particles of sizes in a liquid. The material to be filtered out starts at the top level of the plates at the front of the line. By centrifugal force, the rotating plates will separate the sludge from the liquid and cause the sludge to move toward the outer peripheries of the plates. The remaining filtered liquid which may contain n sludge particles/ goes through holes 6, 6' to the next lower level, whereat the same centrifugal action will separate the grains from the liquld and so on until the remaining liquid toward the lower parts is substantially filtered and contains only particles of the size desired or smaller. The plates are situated with respect to each other in a manner that liquid and particles smaller than the size desired may go between the plates, but other larger particles will not go through the spaces between the plates.
At each level, the sludge which moves toward the outer periphery is transferred from plate to plate down the line until it is accumulated, for example, on remover plate 33, toward the end of the line. The accumulated sludge may be removed through door 34 either mechanically or by force of the other sludge moving from the front of the line toward the end of the line forcing out the accumulated sludge.
The foregoing description is illustrative of the prin-ciples of the invention. Numerous other variations and mod-ifications thereof would be apparent to the worker skilled in the art. All such modifications and variations are to be considered to be within the spirit and scope of the invention.
~`J'
Claims (9)
1. A filter apparatus comprising (a) a container having one or more openings for supplying unfiltered material and one or more exits for removing filtered liquid material;
(b) at least one horizontal line of side-by-side sets of rotatable filter elements disposed within said container, each set comprising (i) a plurality of circular first plates having a first diameter, each plate having at least one hole at a predetermined distance from the center thereof, (ii) a plurality of circular second plates having a diameter larger than said first diameter, each second plate having at least one hole at said predetermined distance from the center thereof, and being of a size and shape substantially similar to said at least one hole in said first plates, (iii) a plurality of interleaving circular plates of a third diameter smaller than said first diameter and smaller than said predetermined distance from the center, and (iv) means for holding said first plate, inter-leaving plate, and second plate in that order in each set with their centers in substantially the same axis and within said container, whereby said at least one hole of each of said first and second plates are aligned with said one or more exits with one set disposed adjacent the other set with the first plate of one set adjacent the second plate of the other set and in the same plane; and (c) means for moving said sets in the same line of filter elements in the same rotary direction, whereby unfiltered material is supplied to said one or more opening of said container and by centrifugal force of the rotating plates sludge is separated from liquid and moved toward the outer periphery of the plates and then transferred from one plate to the next down the line and accumulated toward the end of the line, and filtered liquid material remaining after the separation passes through said at least one hole of said first and second plates and sludge remaining in said filtered liquid material is on the lower next level separated by similar rotating of said plates, moved toward the outer peripheries of the plates, then transferred from plate to plate in a line and accumulated toward the end of the line at said next lower level, with the again filtered liquid material dropping level by level until substantially filtered liquid is removed from said one or more exits.
(b) at least one horizontal line of side-by-side sets of rotatable filter elements disposed within said container, each set comprising (i) a plurality of circular first plates having a first diameter, each plate having at least one hole at a predetermined distance from the center thereof, (ii) a plurality of circular second plates having a diameter larger than said first diameter, each second plate having at least one hole at said predetermined distance from the center thereof, and being of a size and shape substantially similar to said at least one hole in said first plates, (iii) a plurality of interleaving circular plates of a third diameter smaller than said first diameter and smaller than said predetermined distance from the center, and (iv) means for holding said first plate, inter-leaving plate, and second plate in that order in each set with their centers in substantially the same axis and within said container, whereby said at least one hole of each of said first and second plates are aligned with said one or more exits with one set disposed adjacent the other set with the first plate of one set adjacent the second plate of the other set and in the same plane; and (c) means for moving said sets in the same line of filter elements in the same rotary direction, whereby unfiltered material is supplied to said one or more opening of said container and by centrifugal force of the rotating plates sludge is separated from liquid and moved toward the outer periphery of the plates and then transferred from one plate to the next down the line and accumulated toward the end of the line, and filtered liquid material remaining after the separation passes through said at least one hole of said first and second plates and sludge remaining in said filtered liquid material is on the lower next level separated by similar rotating of said plates, moved toward the outer peripheries of the plates, then transferred from plate to plate in a line and accumulated toward the end of the line at said next lower level, with the again filtered liquid material dropping level by level until substantially filtered liquid is removed from said one or more exits.
2. The filter apparatus of claim 1, wherein said means for moving comprises gear means and shaft means located at the center of said first and second plates.
3. The filter apparatus of claim 1, wherein more than two said holes are provided in each of said first and second plates, said holes being located at substantially the same distance from the centers of the respective first and second plates.
4. The filter apparatus of claim 1, wherein the thickness of each of said first and second plates are substantially the same.
5. The filter apparatus of claim 1, wherein the thickness of said first and second plates are about 1 mm.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said first and second plates are of metal.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said container has two compartments with the first, second and interleaving plates substantially sealed in one compartment, with said one or more exits leading from said one compartment to the other compartment, wherein said filtered liquid material is collected.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least two of said lines are provided with each line having a plurality of side-by-side sets of elements, and said means for moving rotates the sets of elements in one line in the same rotary direction and the sets of elements in the second line in the opposite rotary direction, and said unfiltered material is supplied in two inlets disposed at one end of said lines, and sludge is accumulated toward said end of said line.
9. The filter apparatus of claim 1, wherein said con-tainer is at a pressure above atmospheric pressure.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP36770/1976 | 1976-04-01 | ||
| JP3677076A JPS52119571A (en) | 1976-04-01 | 1976-04-01 | Filtrating machine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1090264A true CA1090264A (en) | 1980-11-25 |
Family
ID=12478989
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA270,707A Expired CA1090264A (en) | 1976-04-01 | 1977-01-31 | Rotating interleaved disc filter apparatus |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS52119571A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU500176B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1090264A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2712773C3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK550476A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2346036A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1555433A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1080029B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE414274B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53117864A (en) * | 1977-02-26 | 1978-10-14 | Gorou Sasaki | Continuous filtering and separating methof of particleecontact point moving type |
| GB1594304A (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1981-07-30 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Method and apparatus for dewatering of sludgy substance |
| JPS53141979A (en) * | 1977-05-17 | 1978-12-11 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Sludge treatmet apparatus |
| JPS5471773A (en) * | 1977-11-19 | 1979-06-08 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Sludge treating apparatus |
| JPS5610308A (en) * | 1979-07-05 | 1981-02-02 | Shigenori Tabata | Filtration dehydrator |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2230307A (en) * | 1937-06-26 | 1941-02-04 | Munch Carl | Method of filtering solutions and apparatus therefor |
| JPS5334346B2 (en) * | 1972-07-13 | 1978-09-20 |
-
1976
- 1976-04-01 JP JP3677076A patent/JPS52119571A/en active Pending
- 1976-12-08 DK DK550476A patent/DK550476A/en unknown
-
1977
- 1977-01-03 SE SE7700034A patent/SE414274B/en unknown
- 1977-01-18 GB GB1950/77A patent/GB1555433A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-01-31 CA CA270,707A patent/CA1090264A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-02-21 AU AU22493/77A patent/AU500176B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-03-23 DE DE2712773A patent/DE2712773C3/en not_active Expired
- 1977-03-24 IT IT48624/77A patent/IT1080029B/en active
- 1977-03-31 FR FR7709697A patent/FR2346036A1/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1555433A (en) | 1979-11-07 |
| IT1080029B (en) | 1985-05-16 |
| DE2712773A1 (en) | 1977-10-06 |
| SE414274B (en) | 1980-07-21 |
| DE2712773C3 (en) | 1981-10-22 |
| SE7700034L (en) | 1977-10-02 |
| FR2346036A1 (en) | 1977-10-28 |
| AU500176B2 (en) | 1979-05-10 |
| AU2249377A (en) | 1978-08-31 |
| JPS52119571A (en) | 1977-10-07 |
| FR2346036B1 (en) | 1983-01-28 |
| DE2712773B2 (en) | 1981-03-12 |
| DK550476A (en) | 1977-10-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |