CA1088442A - Fructose production by enzymatic isomerization of glucose - Google Patents
Fructose production by enzymatic isomerization of glucoseInfo
- Publication number
- CA1088442A CA1088442A CA272,505A CA272505A CA1088442A CA 1088442 A CA1088442 A CA 1088442A CA 272505 A CA272505 A CA 272505A CA 1088442 A CA1088442 A CA 1088442A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- isomerase
- syrup
- isomerization
- bed
- fructose
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 61
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 title claims description 45
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 108090000769 Isomerases Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 102000004195 Isomerases Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 108700040099 Xylose isomerases Proteins 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 Co++ ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000193749 Bacillus coagulans Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001447 compensatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021433 fructose syrup Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002844 continuous effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229960002737 fructose Drugs 0.000 description 70
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 11
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 10
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012289 standard assay Methods 0.000 description 5
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229940083608 sodium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 206010061217 Infestation Diseases 0.000 description 3
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000013096 assay test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000194107 Bacillus megaterium Species 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000001055 magnesium Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940091250 magnesium supplement Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylparaben Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylparaben Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000194110 Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) Species 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000193385 Geobacillus stearothermophilus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007930 Oxalis acetosella Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008098 Oxalis acetosella Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- LKDRXBCSQODPBY-ZXXMMSQZSA-N alpha-D-fructopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@]1(O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O LKDRXBCSQODPBY-ZXXMMSQZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940089206 anhydrous dextrose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt phthalocyanine Chemical class [Co+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940045032 cobaltous nitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002231 fructose derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002303 glucose derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006489 isomerase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JESHZQPNPCJVNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;sulfite Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])=O JESHZQPNPCJVNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010270 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004292 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002216 methylparaben Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010232 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004405 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003415 propylparaben Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RBWSWDPRDBEWCR-RKJRWTFHSA-N sodium;(2r)-2-[(2r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-oxo-2h-furan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethanolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O RBWSWDPRDBEWCR-RKJRWTFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004043 trisaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/24—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of an isomerase, e.g. fructose
Landscapes
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US66219976A | 1976-02-26 | 1976-02-26 | |
| US662,199 | 1976-02-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1088442A true CA1088442A (en) | 1980-10-28 |
Family
ID=24656784
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA272,505A Expired CA1088442A (en) | 1976-02-26 | 1977-02-23 | Fructose production by enzymatic isomerization of glucose |
Country Status (12)
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5438319A (en) * | 1977-08-31 | 1979-03-22 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Method of making plat tile made of asbestos cement |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1455993A (en) * | 1973-01-12 | 1976-11-17 | Novo Industri As | Glucose isomerase |
| CA1061270A (en) * | 1975-03-13 | 1979-08-28 | Lena E. Zittan | Isomerization of glucose with immobilized glucose isomerase |
-
1977
- 1977-02-22 MX MX545377U patent/MX4077E/es unknown
- 1977-02-22 GB GB734177A patent/GB1563069A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-02-23 AU AU22597/77A patent/AU511621B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-02-23 CA CA272,505A patent/CA1088442A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-02-24 DE DE19772707876 patent/DE2707876A1/de active Granted
- 1977-02-24 FR FR7705402A patent/FR2342301A1/fr active Granted
- 1977-02-25 BE BE175247A patent/BE851817A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-02-25 AR AR26668877A patent/AR210392A1/es active
- 1977-02-25 JP JP2014677A patent/JPS6015320B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1977-02-25 DK DK86377A patent/DK147579C/da active
- 1977-02-25 IT IT4821377A patent/IT1079484B/it active
- 1977-02-25 NL NL7702038A patent/NL7702038A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AR210392A1 (es) | 1977-07-29 |
| JPS6015320B2 (ja) | 1985-04-18 |
| FR2342301A1 (fr) | 1977-09-23 |
| JPS52105283A (en) | 1977-09-03 |
| GB1563069A (en) | 1980-03-19 |
| IT1079484B (it) | 1985-05-13 |
| DK147579B (da) | 1984-10-08 |
| DE2707876A1 (de) | 1977-09-01 |
| DK86377A (da) | 1977-08-27 |
| DE2707876C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1987-06-25 |
| AU2259777A (en) | 1978-08-31 |
| DK147579C (da) | 1985-07-15 |
| BE851817A (fr) | 1977-08-25 |
| MX4077E (es) | 1981-12-04 |
| FR2342301B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1982-07-09 |
| NL7702038A (nl) | 1977-08-30 |
| AU511621B2 (en) | 1980-08-28 |
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