CA1088316A - Ore halogenation process - Google Patents
Ore halogenation processInfo
- Publication number
- CA1088316A CA1088316A CA268,104A CA268104A CA1088316A CA 1088316 A CA1088316 A CA 1088316A CA 268104 A CA268104 A CA 268104A CA 1088316 A CA1088316 A CA 1088316A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- sulfur
- chlorination
- ore
- metal
- reaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 title abstract description 9
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 191
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;titanium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ti].[Fe] YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 sulfoxy compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- FWMUJAIKEJWSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur dichloride Chemical class ClSCl FWMUJAIKEJWSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012320 chlorinating reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DXHPZXWIPWDXHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monosulfide Chemical class [S+]#[C-] DXHPZXWIPWDXHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 claims 4
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 claims 4
- 150000004764 thiosulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 3
- WXIUBYCJAAEOFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [S].ClOCl Chemical class [S].ClOCl WXIUBYCJAAEOFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 96
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229960005349 sulfur Drugs 0.000 description 131
- 235000001508 sulfur Nutrition 0.000 description 130
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 33
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 31
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 13
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 12
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229940065278 sulfur compound Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229940124024 weight reducing agent Drugs 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- PXJJSXABGXMUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur dichloride Chemical compound ClSSCl PXJJSXABGXMUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 101100536354 Drosophila melanogaster tant gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229910015400 FeC13 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910005451 FeTiO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010066 TiC14 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 101100234002 Drosophila melanogaster Shal gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical group Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015076 Shorea robusta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000166071 Shorea robusta Species 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- MCOQHIWZJUDQIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N barban Chemical compound ClCC#CCOC(=O)NC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 MCOQHIWZJUDQIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000001465 calcium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium sulfide Chemical compound [Ca]=S JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940055700 calcium sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- NHYCGSASNAIGLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorine monoxide Inorganic materials Cl[O] NHYCGSASNAIGLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000358 iron sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KAEAMHPPLLJBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[S-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] KAEAMHPPLLJBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KAQHZJVQFBJKCK-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium pyrosulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OS([O-])(=O)=O KAQHZJVQFBJKCK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- JMPVZWBJWHQJDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur tetrachloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(Cl)Cl JMPVZWBJWHQJDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWZVWGITAAIFPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=S ZWZVWGITAAIFPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L thiosulfate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S([S-])(=O)=O DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/48—Halides, with or without other cations besides aluminium
- C01F7/56—Chlorides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G1/00—Methods of preparing compounds of metals not covered by subclasses C01B, C01C, C01D, or C01F, in general
- C01G1/06—Halides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
- C22B1/08—Chloridising roasting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0007—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap or any other metal source
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1218—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes
- C22B34/1222—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes using a halogen containing agent
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/646,889 US4082833A (en) | 1976-01-06 | 1976-01-06 | Clay halogenation process |
| US646,889 | 1976-01-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1088316A true CA1088316A (en) | 1980-10-28 |
Family
ID=24594877
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA268,104A Expired CA1088316A (en) | 1976-01-06 | 1976-12-17 | Ore halogenation process |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4082833A (OSRAM) |
| JP (1) | JPS5945736B2 (OSRAM) |
| AU (1) | AU508927B2 (OSRAM) |
| BR (1) | BR7608765A (OSRAM) |
| CA (1) | CA1088316A (OSRAM) |
| DE (1) | DE2700121A1 (OSRAM) |
| FR (1) | FR2337767A1 (OSRAM) |
| GB (2) | GB1565200A (OSRAM) |
| GR (1) | GR62658B (OSRAM) |
| IN (1) | IN145599B (OSRAM) |
| IT (1) | IT1065678B (OSRAM) |
| MX (1) | MX146865A (OSRAM) |
| ZA (1) | ZA767576B (OSRAM) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1564027A (en) * | 1975-11-12 | 1980-04-02 | Toth Aluminum Corp | Preferntial chlorination of alumina in kaolinitc ores |
| AU527979B2 (en) * | 1978-06-15 | 1983-03-31 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Moving bed chlorination of bauxite and ilmenite |
| US4297131A (en) * | 1979-08-30 | 1981-10-27 | Engelhard Minerals & Chemicals Corporation | Processing of titaniferous materials |
| IT1134196B (it) * | 1980-11-06 | 1986-07-31 | Samin Spa | Procedimento per lo sfruttamento delle rocce leucitiche |
| US4789595A (en) * | 1983-05-10 | 1988-12-06 | E.C.C. America Inc. | Process for surface treating layered lattice silicates and resultant products |
| US4514373A (en) * | 1983-12-06 | 1985-04-30 | Toth Aluminum Corporation | Purification of aluminum chloride |
| US4695436A (en) * | 1985-01-16 | 1987-09-22 | Toth Aluminum Corporation | Process for manufacturing high purity metal chlorides |
| JPS6433011A (en) * | 1987-07-29 | 1989-02-02 | Agency Ind Science Techn | Production of silicon tetrachloride |
| EP1812339B1 (de) * | 2004-11-18 | 2008-04-23 | Wacker Chemie AG | Verfahren zur herstellung von elementhalogeniden |
| PE20200914A1 (es) | 2015-04-17 | 2020-09-14 | Jetti Resources Llc | Metodo para recuperar al menos un ion de metal base de un material que contiene al menos un sulfuro de metal base con un reactivo que presenta un grupo funcional tiocarbonilo |
| PE20240715A1 (es) | 2016-10-19 | 2024-04-15 | Jetti Resources Llc | Procesos para lixiviar sulfuros metalicos con reactivos que tienen grupos funcionales tiocarbonilo |
| US12247266B2 (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2025-03-11 | Jetti Resources, Llc | Extraction of base metals using carbonaceous matter and a thiocarbonyl functional group reagent |
| WO2022056622A1 (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2022-03-24 | The University Of British Columbia | Extracting base metals using a wetting agent and a thiocarbonyl functional group reagent |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1422568A (en) * | 1920-03-01 | 1922-07-11 | Texas Co | Manufacture of aluminum chloride |
| US1405115A (en) * | 1920-03-01 | 1922-01-31 | Texas Co | Manufacture of aluminum chloride |
| US1858272A (en) * | 1929-08-09 | 1932-05-17 | Intermetal Corp | Treatment of bauxite, clay, and intermediate aluminum bearing ores |
| US2127240A (en) * | 1935-08-31 | 1938-08-16 | Eureka Prospect | Chloridizing-cyanide process for extracting values from ores |
| US3244509A (en) * | 1961-08-22 | 1966-04-05 | M H Hoepli | Halide process for extraction of iron from iron-oxide-bearing materials |
| US3861904A (en) * | 1971-01-04 | 1975-01-21 | Donald F Othmer | Method for producing aluminum metal directly from ore |
-
1975
- 1975-12-17 GB GB51587/75A patent/GB1565200A/en not_active Expired
-
1976
- 1976-01-06 US US05/646,889 patent/US4082833A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1976-02-03 GB GB54176/76A patent/GB1565220A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-12-10 MX MX167346A patent/MX146865A/es unknown
- 1976-12-17 CA CA268,104A patent/CA1088316A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-12-21 ZA ZA767576A patent/ZA767576B/xx unknown
- 1976-12-23 AU AU20859/76A patent/AU508927B2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-12-23 IT IT30840/76A patent/IT1065678B/it active
- 1976-12-28 BR BR7608765A patent/BR7608765A/pt unknown
- 1976-12-28 JP JP51160926A patent/JPS5945736B2/ja not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-01-03 IN IN01/CAL/77A patent/IN145599B/en unknown
- 1977-01-04 FR FR7700038A patent/FR2337767A1/fr active Granted
- 1977-01-04 GR GR52518A patent/GR62658B/el unknown
- 1977-01-04 DE DE19772700121 patent/DE2700121A1/de active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU508927B2 (en) | 1980-04-17 |
| US4082833A (en) | 1978-04-04 |
| DE2700121C2 (OSRAM) | 1989-09-21 |
| ZA767576B (en) | 1977-11-30 |
| JPS5945736B2 (ja) | 1984-11-08 |
| JPS5285003A (en) | 1977-07-15 |
| IN145599B (OSRAM) | 1978-11-18 |
| BR7608765A (pt) | 1977-10-25 |
| FR2337767B1 (OSRAM) | 1983-11-10 |
| AU2085976A (en) | 1978-06-29 |
| IT1065678B (it) | 1985-03-04 |
| GR62658B (en) | 1979-05-17 |
| DE2700121A1 (de) | 1977-07-14 |
| MX146865A (es) | 1982-08-31 |
| GB1565200A (en) | 1980-04-16 |
| FR2337767A1 (fr) | 1977-08-05 |
| GB1565220A (en) | 1980-04-16 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |