CA1086543A - Low profile tank turret and crew station rotatable with the turret - Google Patents
Low profile tank turret and crew station rotatable with the turretInfo
- Publication number
- CA1086543A CA1086543A CA260,915A CA260915A CA1086543A CA 1086543 A CA1086543 A CA 1086543A CA 260915 A CA260915 A CA 260915A CA 1086543 A CA1086543 A CA 1086543A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- turret
- vehicle
- box
- structure according
- crew
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004429 Calibre Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229940090045 cartridge Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000272470 Circus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/26—Peepholes; Windows; Loopholes
- F41H5/266—Periscopes for fighting or armoured vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
- B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
- B60N2/4207—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces
- B60N2/4242—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces vertical
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A27/00—Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages
- F41A27/06—Mechanical systems
- F41A27/18—Mechanical systems for gun turrets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H7/00—Armoured or armed vehicles
- F41H7/02—Land vehicles with enclosing armour, e.g. tanks
- F41H7/04—Armour construction
- F41H7/046—Shock resilient mounted seats for armoured or fighting vehicles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A tank having a turret which is rotatably arranged in relation to the tank chassis and supports a large-calibre firearm, the turret having com-paratively small external dimensions, particularly vertically, the turret being well countersunk in the tank hull so that its upper parts project only slightly above the other parts of the top of the tank; the turret being con-nected to a fastening member which extends downwards in the tank and serves as a support for a crew station; and the fastening member having a limited width.
A tank having a turret which is rotatably arranged in relation to the tank chassis and supports a large-calibre firearm, the turret having com-paratively small external dimensions, particularly vertically, the turret being well countersunk in the tank hull so that its upper parts project only slightly above the other parts of the top of the tank; the turret being con-nected to a fastening member which extends downwards in the tank and serves as a support for a crew station; and the fastening member having a limited width.
Description
;5~3 The present invention relates to a turret for a tank which is rotatably arranged in relation to the tank chassis and which supports a large-calibre firearm.
The purpose oE the invention is pri~arily to provide for a con-struction of a tank which notwithstanding a high position given to the large-calibre fireann permits the tank hull in other respects to be given a low profile, which makes it difficult to hit by enemy fire. At the same time, the invention is also to ensure that the disposition of the space for the crew and equipment can be made in a simple and uncomplicated way with optimal utilization of the spaces in the tank allotted to this purpose and optimal line of sîght between the crew members.
Thus, according to the invention, there is provided an improved turret structure for an armored vehicle comprising:
~ a low profile turret mounted for traversing movement in said vehicle, r. said turret having an upper portion sized to extend only slightly above the ~ top of said vehicle;
.. . .
!" a fire-arm carrier mounted on said upper portion of said turret and ~ provided with side portions for supporting a firearm, the vertical height ~, , of said side portions substantially exceeding the height of said upper por-20 tion;
first box-shaped frame means mounted in said vehicle for supporting said turret for traversing movement in said vehicle;
a crew support station suspended from said turret through said frame means and within said vehicle, for traversing movement with said turret;
ring means rotatably mounted on said turret for traversing movement i;~ relative to both said turret and said vehicle; and ~i a loading pendulum pivotably supported on said ring means so that said pendulum may be rotated toward and away from a firearm mounted on said ~ carrier and may traverse with said ring means.
'. 30 Also, according to the invention, there is provided an improved ,; turret structure for an armored vehicle, comprising:
,. . --1--" . :.
6S4~3 a lower profile turret mounted for traversing movement in an outer frame of said vehicle, said turret having an upper portion sized to extend only slightly a~ove the top of said vehicle and a lower annular frame portion of a ~ox-shaped cross-section extending downwardly from said upper portion into said vehicle;
a fire-arm carrier mounted on said upper portion of said turret and provided with.side portions for supporting a fire-arm, the vertical height of said side portions substantially exceeding the height of said upper portion;
annular frame means of box-shaped cross-section attached to said outer frame of said vehicle and surrounding said turret for supporting said turret for traversing movement in said vehicle, with said frame means includîng a portion extendîng parallel to and spaced from said lower frame .
portion to position a turret drive assembly therebetween; and a crew support ~ .
station suspended from said lower, hox-shaped annular frame portion through.said ~ox-shaped annular frame means and wîthin said vehicle, for traversing movement with.said turret.
, Emb.odiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in whîch:
. 20 Figure la shDwa, in elevation, a tank embodying the invention, Figure 1~ shows, in a sectional elevation, parts of the tank .
. sho~m in Figure 1, according to a first embodiment of the invention, -~
,~ Figure 2, în elevation and partly in cross-section, shows parts of a second em~odiment, Figure 3, în plan view, shows certain parts comprised in Figure 2, Figure 4, in a wide-angle perspective, shows the parts of the tank ~: to w~ich.the inventîon relates.
In Figures la and lb the hull of a tank is designated 1, and a large-calibre firearm carried ~y the tank has been designated 2. The tank is provided with a miniturret with. small external dimensions, particularly ver-,, .
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iiS~3 tically. The turret 3 has upper parts with a limited extent above the other parts of the top of the tank, so that the turret essentially adapts itself to the top of the tank. The turret also hag parts extending down into the tank chassis, via which the turret is rotatably supported in the tank. Also the parts extending downwards have a limited extent, so that, if a person enters the turret from the inside so that the top of his head will be close to the ceiling of the turret, the bottom of the turret will essentially be on a level with the neck or shoulders of the person. The turret is moreover supported in relation to a frame 4 in the tank chassis via a ball bearing 5.
On its upper side, the turret has a carrier with two side parts 6, in which the elevating trunnions 7 of the firearm are supported.
Under the turret, a crew station is located inside the space in the tank. The crew station has the form of a unit comprising a seat 8 for the person in question and a foot plate 9 in connection with the seat. The unit also comprises a fastening member 10 in which the seat and foot plat~
are fastened and by means of which the seat and foot plate are connected to ! ~ the turret 3. The fastening member is fixed to the turret at the parts of this which extend downwards, by means of welding, fastening with bolts or the like. A sight 11 and an aiming device 12 are also connected to the tur-ret so that, like the seat and the foot plate, they follow the traversing movements of the turret. The turret is provided with side viewing apertures i 13 arranged at openings in the side parts 6 of the carrier.
A slip-ring gear 15 is located in the crew space in which, however, the seat is not supported. 16 and 17 indicate the motor and the rod for the elevating function of the firearm. Said motor and rod with the relevant gear mechanism are located behind the fastening member and follow the traversing movements of the firearm.
;~ The tank is provided with a loading pendulum 18 arranged outside , (on top of) the tank which can be actuated between a fetching position at a ~. :
magazine 19 and a rammung position at the rear of the firearm. For the 1~ .~ ~ , . ~ .
~J 516~i43 swinging up of this pendulwn, the turret is provided w:ith a mechanism com-prising a catch 20 fastened at one end of a straight gear rack 21 which can be actuated by means of a driving shaft on a driving motor located inside the tank. The gear rack is supported in a special recess in the tank and the tank also has a projection 22, which is elongate and rectangular, and is intended to protect the mechanism from foreign objects. The loading pendu-lum which is arranged not only so that it can be raised, but can also be swl~ng in a lateral plane so that it can assume various traverse positions independent of the tank chassis and the firearm, is made with a block 23, which can coact with the catch 20 in a lateral position of the loading pend-ulum which coincides with the lateral position of the firearm.
In the fetching position, which also constitutes the rest position, the pendulum is arranged in a housing 24 provided on the tank chassis which is provided with hatch covers 25 which can be opened and closed. The loading pendulum has a part 26 for supporting the rounds, and an arm 27 having one of its ends rotatably supported on a supporting shaft 28 which extends at right angles to the plane of Figure la, the other end of arm 27 being provid-ed with a fork-shaped section, the prongs of which extend on either side of the part 26 and are attached thereto. The support has springs arranged so that when the pendulum swings up, the part 26 will be essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the firearm. The part 26 consists of an armour tube which is made with a longitudinal slot at its upper end to provide for coa~tion with a rammer at the firearm. The armour tube is open at its ends, and on~the front side it is provided with an extended bottom section. The loading pendulum can be raised from the position shown in Figure la (fetch-ing position) by means of a hydraulic cylinder 32a which can coact with the arm 27. It is possible for the loading pendulum to swing in the travers-ing plane by means of a ring 30 which is rotatable in relation to both the turret 3 and the tank chassis around the traversing axis 31 of the firearm. The loading pendulum is supported on said ring with a trunnion 6~3 support which is known in i~self, and the block 23 is rigidly fastened to the arm 27. The loading pendulum is raised with the lifting cylinder 32a from the rest position to a position where it can coact with a fixed, circu~
lar slide track 32, by means of a roller 33 or the like on the arm 27. In order to provide for lowering to the rest position, during which lowering the arm 27 must be able to cross the slide track 32, the slide track is made with a lowerable part located where the arm 27 extends to the rest position.
The actuation of the lifting cyclinder of the arm 27 will thus take place via the lowerable part of the slide track and the roller 33. The loading pendulum will work in a space between the top of the tank and the bottom of the firearm.
The magazine is of the external type, which can be raised by means of a hydraulic cylinder l9a in order to prevent damage in case the tank should run into a ditch or the like. In the horizontal direction, the maga-~ine is rigidly fastened in relation to the tank chassis. The magazine is moreover fastened in such a way that its front edge is located somewhat to the rear of the rear end of the firearm, so that the loading pendulum will be adjustable with one of its ends to the maga~ine. The magazine has one or ~ ;
two feed-out positions. In the case where there is one ~eed-out position, the rest position of the pendulum is distinct, while in the case of there being two feed-out positions on the maga3ine, the pendulum can be set at an angle in the housing for coaction with the feed-out position in question.
The magazine is made with a known rammer which feeds the round~ point flrst, f~om the maga~ine to the loading pendulum. ~
The recoil jacket of the firearm ]s provided with hatch covers 35, ~ -which can be raised. Said hatch covers coact with hatch covers 36 connected ~
,;~. ~, .
; to the breech ring of the firearm, the covers 35 and 36 being located on ~ .
different levels, so that when the firearm recoils they can slide over each other. Said covers can be raised by the loading pendulum. At its rear end, the recoil jacket is provided with a hatch cover 37 for empty cartridge _ 4 ~,; , . ', . :
5~3 cases, which cover 37 can be raised ~rom inside by means of the cartridge cases and is closed by its own weight. Upon the ejection of the empty cart-ridge cases the covers 35 and 36 form a trough for the cases. The hatch covers 35-37 form an efficient seal against entry of foreign objects. ~t the recoil jacket the firearm is provided with a two-stage rammer, which is Icnown in itself, and which operates with smooth ramming. Ramming in two stages is necessary as the firearm must permit a certain longitudinal dis-placement for the part of the loading pendulum which carries the round, due to the fact that the elevation centres of the firearm and the loading pendu-lum are different.
The turret is also made with mechanical catches 3~a and 38b which are intended to function when the loading pendulum, after having fetched a round has sought the angle of traverse of the firearm. In the present case, the catches have the form of studs in the tank chassis (38a) and the turret (38b) which can coact with holes in the ring 30. Said catches can be re-leased when the loading pendulum, after it has transferred the round to the firearm, returns to fetch a new round from the magazine. Said catches are connected to electro-magnets or hydraulic valves, by means of which the ca*ches can be released.
~ 20 Figures 2 and 3 are intended to show parts to which the invention 5 ~ relates in more detail. The frame 4 has a box-shaped cross-section. The .
r ring 3~ is provided with an external gear arc via which the ring can be actu-~ ated by means of a motor, the shaft of which is designated 39.
'!;~ The shaft 39, with its gear wheel, is arranged at an opening in the frame ~. The turret 1 is made with a roof of heavy armour plate, and in . order to achieve a rigid design, the par*s extending downwards are made box-, shaped with inner and outer walls la and lb and with a bottom parc lc. At ~; the upper parts the turret is provided with a flange with a triangular cross-section with a hori~ontal par'c ld, an oblique part le and a vertical part lf.
,~ 30 The flange extends with an overlapping part lg over the ring 30 which is ~ _ 5 _ .~
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'~
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.. . .
~15 65~3 , supported on the outside of the vertical part lf by means of ball bearings 40 and 41. At its parts which extend downwards, the turret is provided with an outer gear arc via which the turret is rotatable by a driving motor 42 with driving shaft and gear wheel, 43 and 44, respectively.
The member 10 consists of a beam which in its cross-section is box and arc shaped. At its lower end, the member is fastened to the seat and foot plate, and at its upper end to the part lc in the turret. The member extends 1/4 - 1/3 of the perimeter of part lc. The motor 16 and the ;
shaft 17 for the elevating movements of the firearm are fastened to the member 10 via a distribution gear 45 (Figure la3.
Briefly, the e~uipment described above functions in the follGwing ~ -manner. The gun layer is assumed to be tracking a target, and the firearm îs to be loaded with a round from the maga~ine. It is also assumed that in -~
the magazine the round is in the feed-out position. The rammer of the maga- `
zine moves the round, point first, into the loading pendulum. When the round -~
has been inserted in the pendulum, this is raised out of the housing by means of the lifting cylinder 32a so that the pendulum can swing up into the tra~
versing plane, supported on the slide track 32 via its roller 33 on the arm 27. The swinging in the traversing plane then continues until the loading pendulum has a position in traverse which coincides with the traverse posi-, ;~ tion of the firearm, and the catches 38a and 38b are then activated. The loading pendulum is then raised to the ramming position by means of the catch ;
23. When the two-stage rammer has moved the round out of the loading pendu-.. .
lum at the firearm, the loading pendulum can be returned in the reverse order ;~
to the magaæine position to fetch a new round, etc. In conjunction with the ramming, in accordance with the above, the catches 38a and 38b are released.
The guidance of the loading pendulum is then handled so that, regardless of the traversing position of the firearm, it will always take the shortest way ~ from the magaæine (the firearm) to the firearm (the maga~ine~. This guidance 30 can be carried out by means of microswitches, stops, etc., not shown in de- ; -`; tail.
,. . . .
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~L~t36543 The driving motors for the turret, loading pendulum, rammers etc.
can consist of hydraulic or electric motors, and in the electric case *he driving can take place par~ly or entirely by means of the batteries of the tank, so that the driving will be independent of whether or not the tank is running.
Through the construction shown, it is thus possible to obtain an appropriate suspension of the firearm and possibilities of traversing the firearm, at the same time as the profile of the tank under the firearm can be kept low, and the space inside the tank can be used in an optimal way.
10 The power consumption for the traversing of the firearm will also be reason-able.
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The purpose oE the invention is pri~arily to provide for a con-struction of a tank which notwithstanding a high position given to the large-calibre fireann permits the tank hull in other respects to be given a low profile, which makes it difficult to hit by enemy fire. At the same time, the invention is also to ensure that the disposition of the space for the crew and equipment can be made in a simple and uncomplicated way with optimal utilization of the spaces in the tank allotted to this purpose and optimal line of sîght between the crew members.
Thus, according to the invention, there is provided an improved turret structure for an armored vehicle comprising:
~ a low profile turret mounted for traversing movement in said vehicle, r. said turret having an upper portion sized to extend only slightly above the ~ top of said vehicle;
.. . .
!" a fire-arm carrier mounted on said upper portion of said turret and ~ provided with side portions for supporting a firearm, the vertical height ~, , of said side portions substantially exceeding the height of said upper por-20 tion;
first box-shaped frame means mounted in said vehicle for supporting said turret for traversing movement in said vehicle;
a crew support station suspended from said turret through said frame means and within said vehicle, for traversing movement with said turret;
ring means rotatably mounted on said turret for traversing movement i;~ relative to both said turret and said vehicle; and ~i a loading pendulum pivotably supported on said ring means so that said pendulum may be rotated toward and away from a firearm mounted on said ~ carrier and may traverse with said ring means.
'. 30 Also, according to the invention, there is provided an improved ,; turret structure for an armored vehicle, comprising:
,. . --1--" . :.
6S4~3 a lower profile turret mounted for traversing movement in an outer frame of said vehicle, said turret having an upper portion sized to extend only slightly a~ove the top of said vehicle and a lower annular frame portion of a ~ox-shaped cross-section extending downwardly from said upper portion into said vehicle;
a fire-arm carrier mounted on said upper portion of said turret and provided with.side portions for supporting a fire-arm, the vertical height of said side portions substantially exceeding the height of said upper portion;
annular frame means of box-shaped cross-section attached to said outer frame of said vehicle and surrounding said turret for supporting said turret for traversing movement in said vehicle, with said frame means includîng a portion extendîng parallel to and spaced from said lower frame .
portion to position a turret drive assembly therebetween; and a crew support ~ .
station suspended from said lower, hox-shaped annular frame portion through.said ~ox-shaped annular frame means and wîthin said vehicle, for traversing movement with.said turret.
, Emb.odiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in whîch:
. 20 Figure la shDwa, in elevation, a tank embodying the invention, Figure 1~ shows, in a sectional elevation, parts of the tank .
. sho~m in Figure 1, according to a first embodiment of the invention, -~
,~ Figure 2, în elevation and partly in cross-section, shows parts of a second em~odiment, Figure 3, în plan view, shows certain parts comprised in Figure 2, Figure 4, in a wide-angle perspective, shows the parts of the tank ~: to w~ich.the inventîon relates.
In Figures la and lb the hull of a tank is designated 1, and a large-calibre firearm carried ~y the tank has been designated 2. The tank is provided with a miniturret with. small external dimensions, particularly ver-,, .
~ -la-~; .-.;
,, c"
~,:: ' , ,',, ' :
iiS~3 tically. The turret 3 has upper parts with a limited extent above the other parts of the top of the tank, so that the turret essentially adapts itself to the top of the tank. The turret also hag parts extending down into the tank chassis, via which the turret is rotatably supported in the tank. Also the parts extending downwards have a limited extent, so that, if a person enters the turret from the inside so that the top of his head will be close to the ceiling of the turret, the bottom of the turret will essentially be on a level with the neck or shoulders of the person. The turret is moreover supported in relation to a frame 4 in the tank chassis via a ball bearing 5.
On its upper side, the turret has a carrier with two side parts 6, in which the elevating trunnions 7 of the firearm are supported.
Under the turret, a crew station is located inside the space in the tank. The crew station has the form of a unit comprising a seat 8 for the person in question and a foot plate 9 in connection with the seat. The unit also comprises a fastening member 10 in which the seat and foot plat~
are fastened and by means of which the seat and foot plate are connected to ! ~ the turret 3. The fastening member is fixed to the turret at the parts of this which extend downwards, by means of welding, fastening with bolts or the like. A sight 11 and an aiming device 12 are also connected to the tur-ret so that, like the seat and the foot plate, they follow the traversing movements of the turret. The turret is provided with side viewing apertures i 13 arranged at openings in the side parts 6 of the carrier.
A slip-ring gear 15 is located in the crew space in which, however, the seat is not supported. 16 and 17 indicate the motor and the rod for the elevating function of the firearm. Said motor and rod with the relevant gear mechanism are located behind the fastening member and follow the traversing movements of the firearm.
;~ The tank is provided with a loading pendulum 18 arranged outside , (on top of) the tank which can be actuated between a fetching position at a ~. :
magazine 19 and a rammung position at the rear of the firearm. For the 1~ .~ ~ , . ~ .
~J 516~i43 swinging up of this pendulwn, the turret is provided w:ith a mechanism com-prising a catch 20 fastened at one end of a straight gear rack 21 which can be actuated by means of a driving shaft on a driving motor located inside the tank. The gear rack is supported in a special recess in the tank and the tank also has a projection 22, which is elongate and rectangular, and is intended to protect the mechanism from foreign objects. The loading pendu-lum which is arranged not only so that it can be raised, but can also be swl~ng in a lateral plane so that it can assume various traverse positions independent of the tank chassis and the firearm, is made with a block 23, which can coact with the catch 20 in a lateral position of the loading pend-ulum which coincides with the lateral position of the firearm.
In the fetching position, which also constitutes the rest position, the pendulum is arranged in a housing 24 provided on the tank chassis which is provided with hatch covers 25 which can be opened and closed. The loading pendulum has a part 26 for supporting the rounds, and an arm 27 having one of its ends rotatably supported on a supporting shaft 28 which extends at right angles to the plane of Figure la, the other end of arm 27 being provid-ed with a fork-shaped section, the prongs of which extend on either side of the part 26 and are attached thereto. The support has springs arranged so that when the pendulum swings up, the part 26 will be essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the firearm. The part 26 consists of an armour tube which is made with a longitudinal slot at its upper end to provide for coa~tion with a rammer at the firearm. The armour tube is open at its ends, and on~the front side it is provided with an extended bottom section. The loading pendulum can be raised from the position shown in Figure la (fetch-ing position) by means of a hydraulic cylinder 32a which can coact with the arm 27. It is possible for the loading pendulum to swing in the travers-ing plane by means of a ring 30 which is rotatable in relation to both the turret 3 and the tank chassis around the traversing axis 31 of the firearm. The loading pendulum is supported on said ring with a trunnion 6~3 support which is known in i~self, and the block 23 is rigidly fastened to the arm 27. The loading pendulum is raised with the lifting cylinder 32a from the rest position to a position where it can coact with a fixed, circu~
lar slide track 32, by means of a roller 33 or the like on the arm 27. In order to provide for lowering to the rest position, during which lowering the arm 27 must be able to cross the slide track 32, the slide track is made with a lowerable part located where the arm 27 extends to the rest position.
The actuation of the lifting cyclinder of the arm 27 will thus take place via the lowerable part of the slide track and the roller 33. The loading pendulum will work in a space between the top of the tank and the bottom of the firearm.
The magazine is of the external type, which can be raised by means of a hydraulic cylinder l9a in order to prevent damage in case the tank should run into a ditch or the like. In the horizontal direction, the maga-~ine is rigidly fastened in relation to the tank chassis. The magazine is moreover fastened in such a way that its front edge is located somewhat to the rear of the rear end of the firearm, so that the loading pendulum will be adjustable with one of its ends to the maga~ine. The magazine has one or ~ ;
two feed-out positions. In the case where there is one ~eed-out position, the rest position of the pendulum is distinct, while in the case of there being two feed-out positions on the maga3ine, the pendulum can be set at an angle in the housing for coaction with the feed-out position in question.
The magazine is made with a known rammer which feeds the round~ point flrst, f~om the maga~ine to the loading pendulum. ~
The recoil jacket of the firearm ]s provided with hatch covers 35, ~ -which can be raised. Said hatch covers coact with hatch covers 36 connected ~
,;~. ~, .
; to the breech ring of the firearm, the covers 35 and 36 being located on ~ .
different levels, so that when the firearm recoils they can slide over each other. Said covers can be raised by the loading pendulum. At its rear end, the recoil jacket is provided with a hatch cover 37 for empty cartridge _ 4 ~,; , . ', . :
5~3 cases, which cover 37 can be raised ~rom inside by means of the cartridge cases and is closed by its own weight. Upon the ejection of the empty cart-ridge cases the covers 35 and 36 form a trough for the cases. The hatch covers 35-37 form an efficient seal against entry of foreign objects. ~t the recoil jacket the firearm is provided with a two-stage rammer, which is Icnown in itself, and which operates with smooth ramming. Ramming in two stages is necessary as the firearm must permit a certain longitudinal dis-placement for the part of the loading pendulum which carries the round, due to the fact that the elevation centres of the firearm and the loading pendu-lum are different.
The turret is also made with mechanical catches 3~a and 38b which are intended to function when the loading pendulum, after having fetched a round has sought the angle of traverse of the firearm. In the present case, the catches have the form of studs in the tank chassis (38a) and the turret (38b) which can coact with holes in the ring 30. Said catches can be re-leased when the loading pendulum, after it has transferred the round to the firearm, returns to fetch a new round from the magazine. Said catches are connected to electro-magnets or hydraulic valves, by means of which the ca*ches can be released.
~ 20 Figures 2 and 3 are intended to show parts to which the invention 5 ~ relates in more detail. The frame 4 has a box-shaped cross-section. The .
r ring 3~ is provided with an external gear arc via which the ring can be actu-~ ated by means of a motor, the shaft of which is designated 39.
'!;~ The shaft 39, with its gear wheel, is arranged at an opening in the frame ~. The turret 1 is made with a roof of heavy armour plate, and in . order to achieve a rigid design, the par*s extending downwards are made box-, shaped with inner and outer walls la and lb and with a bottom parc lc. At ~; the upper parts the turret is provided with a flange with a triangular cross-section with a hori~ontal par'c ld, an oblique part le and a vertical part lf.
,~ 30 The flange extends with an overlapping part lg over the ring 30 which is ~ _ 5 _ .~
,;,' ~ :
'~
,' `~ .
~, , . -,:
.. . .
~15 65~3 , supported on the outside of the vertical part lf by means of ball bearings 40 and 41. At its parts which extend downwards, the turret is provided with an outer gear arc via which the turret is rotatable by a driving motor 42 with driving shaft and gear wheel, 43 and 44, respectively.
The member 10 consists of a beam which in its cross-section is box and arc shaped. At its lower end, the member is fastened to the seat and foot plate, and at its upper end to the part lc in the turret. The member extends 1/4 - 1/3 of the perimeter of part lc. The motor 16 and the ;
shaft 17 for the elevating movements of the firearm are fastened to the member 10 via a distribution gear 45 (Figure la3.
Briefly, the e~uipment described above functions in the follGwing ~ -manner. The gun layer is assumed to be tracking a target, and the firearm îs to be loaded with a round from the maga~ine. It is also assumed that in -~
the magazine the round is in the feed-out position. The rammer of the maga- `
zine moves the round, point first, into the loading pendulum. When the round -~
has been inserted in the pendulum, this is raised out of the housing by means of the lifting cylinder 32a so that the pendulum can swing up into the tra~
versing plane, supported on the slide track 32 via its roller 33 on the arm 27. The swinging in the traversing plane then continues until the loading pendulum has a position in traverse which coincides with the traverse posi-, ;~ tion of the firearm, and the catches 38a and 38b are then activated. The loading pendulum is then raised to the ramming position by means of the catch ;
23. When the two-stage rammer has moved the round out of the loading pendu-.. .
lum at the firearm, the loading pendulum can be returned in the reverse order ;~
to the magaæine position to fetch a new round, etc. In conjunction with the ramming, in accordance with the above, the catches 38a and 38b are released.
The guidance of the loading pendulum is then handled so that, regardless of the traversing position of the firearm, it will always take the shortest way ~ from the magaæine (the firearm) to the firearm (the maga~ine~. This guidance 30 can be carried out by means of microswitches, stops, etc., not shown in de- ; -`; tail.
,. . . .
. - .
-'; . . -;. - :
:f .:
:~
~L~t36543 The driving motors for the turret, loading pendulum, rammers etc.
can consist of hydraulic or electric motors, and in the electric case *he driving can take place par~ly or entirely by means of the batteries of the tank, so that the driving will be independent of whether or not the tank is running.
Through the construction shown, it is thus possible to obtain an appropriate suspension of the firearm and possibilities of traversing the firearm, at the same time as the profile of the tank under the firearm can be kept low, and the space inside the tank can be used in an optimal way.
10 The power consumption for the traversing of the firearm will also be reason-able.
, :
~' ,, ''' .
'`~
. , .
.
~!
,, : ' .
Claims (12)
PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An improved turret structure for an armored vehicle comprising:
a low profile turret mounted for traversing movement in said vehicle, said turret having an upper portion sized to extend only slightly above the top of said vehicle;
a fire-arm carrier mounted on said upper portion of said turret and provided with side portions for supporting a firearm, the vertical height of said side portions substantially exceeding the height of said upper portion;
first box-shaped frame means mounted in said vehicle for supporting said turret for traversing movement in said vehicle;
a crew support station suspended from said turret through said frame means and within said vehicle, for traversing movement with said turret;
ring means rotatably mounted on said turret for traversing movement relative to both said turret and said vehicle; and a loading pendulum pivotably supported on said ring means so that said pendulum may be rotated toward and away from a firearm mounted on said carrier and may traverse with said ring means.
a low profile turret mounted for traversing movement in said vehicle, said turret having an upper portion sized to extend only slightly above the top of said vehicle;
a fire-arm carrier mounted on said upper portion of said turret and provided with side portions for supporting a firearm, the vertical height of said side portions substantially exceeding the height of said upper portion;
first box-shaped frame means mounted in said vehicle for supporting said turret for traversing movement in said vehicle;
a crew support station suspended from said turret through said frame means and within said vehicle, for traversing movement with said turret;
ring means rotatably mounted on said turret for traversing movement relative to both said turret and said vehicle; and a loading pendulum pivotably supported on said ring means so that said pendulum may be rotated toward and away from a firearm mounted on said carrier and may traverse with said ring means.
2. Structure according to claim 1, wherein the vertical height of said turret is such that it extends into said vehicle to approximately the level of the neck and shoulders of a person occupying said crew support station.
3. Structure according to claim 1, wherein said crew support station comprises a seat, a foot plate and a fastening member suspending said seat and foot plate from the underside of said turret within said vehicle.
4. Structure according to claim 1, wherein said crew support station comprises a downwardly extending beam of arc-shaped cross-section attached to the underside of said turret for traversing movement therewith and a seat and a foot plate attached to said beam so that said beam is behind a person occupying said crew station.
5. Structure according to claim 1, further comprising means for raising and lowering said pendulum and means located between said side portions for protecting said raising and lowering means from foreign objects.
6. Structure according to claim 3, wherein said fastening member extends along one-fourth to one-third of the periphery of said turret where said turret extends through said first framemeans.
7. Structure according to claim 1, wherein said turret further comprises second box-shaped frame means extending downwardly through said first box-shaped frame means, said crew support station being suspended from said second box-shaped frame means.
8. Structure according to claim 1, wherein said turret comprises a peripheral flange which extends at least partially over said ring means.
9. An improved turret structure for an armored vehicle, comprising:
a lower profile turret mounted for traversing movement in an outer frame of said vehicle, said turret having an upper portion sized to extend only slightly above the top of said vehicle and a lower annular frame portion of a box-shaped cross-section extending downwardly from said upper portion into said vehicle;
a fire-arm carrier mounted on said upper portion of said turret and provided with side portions for supporting a fire-arm, the vertical height of said side portions substantially exceeding the height of said upper portion;
annular frame means of box-shaped cross-section attached to said outer frame of said vehicle and surrounding said turret for supporting said turret for traversing movement in said vehicle, with said frame means including a portion extending parallel to and spaced from said lower frame portion to position a turret drive assembly therebetween; and a crew support station suspended from said lower, box-shaped annular frame portion through said box-shaped annular frame means and within said vehicle, for traversing movement with said turret.
a lower profile turret mounted for traversing movement in an outer frame of said vehicle, said turret having an upper portion sized to extend only slightly above the top of said vehicle and a lower annular frame portion of a box-shaped cross-section extending downwardly from said upper portion into said vehicle;
a fire-arm carrier mounted on said upper portion of said turret and provided with side portions for supporting a fire-arm, the vertical height of said side portions substantially exceeding the height of said upper portion;
annular frame means of box-shaped cross-section attached to said outer frame of said vehicle and surrounding said turret for supporting said turret for traversing movement in said vehicle, with said frame means including a portion extending parallel to and spaced from said lower frame portion to position a turret drive assembly therebetween; and a crew support station suspended from said lower, box-shaped annular frame portion through said box-shaped annular frame means and within said vehicle, for traversing movement with said turret.
10. Structure according to claim 9, wherein the vertical height of said turret is such that it extends into said vehicle to approximately the level of the neck and shoulders of a person occupying said crew support station.
11. Structure according to claim 9, wherein said crew support station comprises a seat, a foot plate and a fastening member suspending said seat and foot plate from said lower, box-shaped annular frame portion, within said vehicle.
12. Structure according to claim 9, wherein said crew support station comprises a downwardly extending beam of arc-shaped cross-section attached to said lower, box-shaped annular frame portion for traversing movement therewith and a seat and a foot plate attached to said beam so that said beam is behind a person occupying said crew station.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE7510202A SE411391B (en) | 1975-09-12 | 1975-09-12 | DEVICE ON ONE ON A TANK APPLIED TOWER |
| SE75.10202-0 | 1975-09-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1086543A true CA1086543A (en) | 1980-09-30 |
Family
ID=20325530
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA260,915A Expired CA1086543A (en) | 1975-09-12 | 1976-09-10 | Low profile tank turret and crew station rotatable with the turret |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5249700A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1086543A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH612265A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2640200A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2323977A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1565069A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE411391B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10317314B3 (en) * | 2003-04-14 | 2004-07-22 | Schroth Safety Products Gmbh | Commandant positioning device for armored vehicle with roof hatch e.g. military tank, using vertically displaced seat backrest and horizontally displaced foot plate |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2445852A (en) * | 1941-04-12 | 1948-07-27 | Glenn L Martin Co | Gun turret |
| DE1428746A1 (en) * | 1963-11-20 | 1973-10-18 | Rheinstahl Ag | COMBAT VEHICLE |
| LU47432A1 (en) * | 1964-11-24 | 1966-05-24 | Brevets Aero Mecaniques | Improvements made to armored vehicles, in particular of the light type, with a turret equipped with an automatic firearm |
| US3309962A (en) * | 1965-03-01 | 1967-03-21 | Fmc Corp | Gun mount and gunsight assembly |
| FR1541481A (en) * | 1966-10-21 | 1968-10-04 | Keller & Knappich Gmbh | Armored vehicle |
| DE1703469A1 (en) * | 1968-05-25 | 1974-08-01 | Porsche Ag | COMBAT VEHICLE, IN PARTICULAR ARMORED DESIGN |
| DE2141937C3 (en) * | 1971-08-21 | 1974-06-12 | Rheinstahl Ag, 4300 Essen | Two-part turret for armored vehicles |
-
1975
- 1975-09-12 SE SE7510202A patent/SE411391B/en unknown
-
1976
- 1976-09-07 DE DE19762640200 patent/DE2640200A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1976-09-10 GB GB37707/76A patent/GB1565069A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-09-10 FR FR7627334A patent/FR2323977A1/en active Granted
- 1976-09-10 CA CA260,915A patent/CA1086543A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-09-10 JP JP51109358A patent/JPS5249700A/en active Pending
- 1976-09-10 CH CH1154576A patent/CH612265A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1565069A (en) | 1980-04-16 |
| CH612265A5 (en) | 1979-07-13 |
| FR2323977B1 (en) | 1982-08-27 |
| FR2323977A1 (en) | 1977-04-08 |
| SE411391B (en) | 1979-12-17 |
| JPS5249700A (en) | 1977-04-20 |
| DE2640200A1 (en) | 1977-03-31 |
| SE7510202L (en) | 1977-03-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |