CA1085121A - Liquid treating filaments and fibres from curved slot - Google Patents
Liquid treating filaments and fibres from curved slotInfo
- Publication number
- CA1085121A CA1085121A CA214,620A CA214620A CA1085121A CA 1085121 A CA1085121 A CA 1085121A CA 214620 A CA214620 A CA 214620A CA 1085121 A CA1085121 A CA 1085121A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- slot
- filaments
- liquid
- outlet
- emulsion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B1/00—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating
- D06B1/08—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating from outlets being in, or almost in, contact with the textile material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B19/00—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00
- D06B19/0088—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00 using a short bath ratio liquor
- D06B19/0094—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00 using a short bath ratio liquor as a foam
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The invention is related to a process for the quantit-ative application of liquid systems in a thin layer to natural or synthetic filaments travelling uniformly along a linear path by the one-way technique using a forced-dosage unit, distinguish-ed by the fact that filaments are guided past at least one slot which is either curved or provided with partial curves, and are brought into contact with an optionally foamed liquid issuing from the slot.
The invention is related to a process for the quantit-ative application of liquid systems in a thin layer to natural or synthetic filaments travelling uniformly along a linear path by the one-way technique using a forced-dosage unit, distinguish-ed by the fact that filaments are guided past at least one slot which is either curved or provided with partial curves, and are brought into contact with an optionally foamed liquid issuing from the slot.
Description
~B~
This invention rel~tes to a process for the ~uantit-ative application of liquid systems in a thin la~er to natural or synthetic filaments moving uniformly along a linear path by the one-way technique using a forced dosage unit.
Coating filaments with liquid systems, for example with spinning preparations, i5 aimed in particular at æacilitating the friction-frea movement of the threads. In addltion, the coating used is frequently an antistatic agent. Finally, the filament has to be charged with water in dosed form. These requirements mean that the coating agent has to be in the form of an emulsion having an outer phase of water and an inner phase of oil.
In conventional processes for the application of such an emulsion, the filaments are run past a rotating porous roller (godet) the filaments contactin~ the rollex at a tangent. The roller dips into an emulsion and transfers the emulsion to the filaments through its rotation and contact with the threads.
The amount of emulsion transferred is deter~ined inter alia by the speed of rotation. The emulsion in the pan is continuously replenished by a pumping system.
One disadvantage of coating processes of this kind is that there are many fluctuations in the amount of emulsion applied. These difficulties are predominantly attributable to the fact that the supply of emulsion on the roller is relati~ely large and the filaments take up as much emulsion as they can, depending on how they are guided over the roller. There is no means to make the fibres take up an accurately defined quantity.
Also, the properties of the roller surface change with time;
wear phenomena occur, and also the properties of the emulsion change~ for example due to bacterial effects. Decay and ageing effects of this kind result in troublesome changes in viscosity and the consequent fluctuations in the amount of oil applied ,q~
'''' '' .
~6~85~Z~
cause fluctuations in ~riction when the filaments are being stretched. The resulting stretching errors lead -to differiny filament strengths, filament breakages- occurring in extreme cases. In addition, fluctua-tions in the amount of water taken up result particularly in fluctuations in the crimping and dye-ing properties of the filaments.
Apart from the application of spinning preparations to filaments by the roller method, it is known that liquid, foam-able smoothing or stiffening agents can be applied in foam form to a weft or warp yarn through a slot. A similar process is also described in our own earlier Canadian Patent Application 200,255 filed May 17, 1974, Keinrïch et al. However, it has been found that, when preparations are applied through a slot, particularly at high filament speeds, the previously described disadvantages are not completely avoided and the amount of preparation applied is still subject to fluctuations. The re-sulting increase in the size of the packages and the irregular-ities occurring in texturing and dyeing make it necessary to optimise already known preparation methods.
Accordingly, the object of the invention is to avoid the above mentioned disadvantages and difficulties~
It has been been found that emulsions and, quite generally, preparations or liquid systems, can be uniformly applied in dosable quantities to filaments travelling along a linear path, providing the liquid systems are applied, optionally in foamed form to the filaments through a curved slot by the one-~ay technique.
Accordingly, in a broad aspect, the invention resides in a process for the quantitative application of liquid systems in a thin layer to filaments moving uniformly along a linear path ;' ' "
by the one-way technique using a forced dosage unit in which the liquid introduced per unit of time is quantïtatively taken up by the filaments, wherein the filaments are guided past at least one slot which lies along a concave curve from end to end, said filaments being uniformly distri~uted over the entire width of the slot, whereby said filaments are brought into contact with a liquid issuing from the slot.
In a further ~road aspect, the invention resides in an apparatus for th.e quantitative application of liquid systems in a thin layer to filaments moving uniformly along a linear path by the one-way technique using a forced dosage unit comprising, a liquid container having an inner compartment, an inlet for feeding liquid into said container, a horizontally disposed slot in a wall of said container, the outer surface of said wall being concave in the horizontal direction parallel to the length of said slot whereby said slot lies along a concave curve from end to end with a radius of 20 to 200 mm, said slot having a length of between 10 and 250 rnm, and an outlet height of between 0.1 and 1 mm, and means for guiding said filaments past said sl\t ~ ~ :
.~20 so that they will ~e uniformly distributed over the entire wid-~of said slot.
The process is suitable for the application of pre-parations to natural or synth.etic filaments at all the speeds normally used in production or after treatment processes.
According to a preferred embodiment the filaments are guided past a height-adjusta~le slot which is Ool to 1 mm tall and which is curved or provided with partial curves and which is adapted to the width of the sliver or to the number of filaments. The filaments are contacted with.an optionally foamed liquid issuing from the slot, the linear speed of the issuing liquid being , ~
~, 5~23 determined by -the slot height at a predetermined flow rate per unit volume and the dose of liquid introduced in each short time interval being quantitatively taken up by the filaments.
If the liquid applied i5 an emulsion, the residence time of the liquid in each unit volume of the apparatus must be appreciably shorter than the average life of the emulsion.
- 3a -~&i8~
~ ilaments of organic or inorganic, s~nthetic or natural materials are suitable for preparation by the process according to this inven-tion. For example, filaments o:E po:Lyamides, poly-esters, polyacrylonitriles, polyolefins, carbon, glass, asbestos or aluminium oxide can be successfully coated with a series of known preparations by the process according to the invention.
Examples of such preparations are lubricants such as mineral oils, vegetable and animal oils, natural and synthetic waxes ancl ester oils (fatty acid esters or dicarboxylic acid alkyl esters~;
antistatic agents such as salts of partial esters of phosphoric acid with fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers or alkylphenol poly-glycol ethers, and sulphuric acid esters of the above-named ethylene oxide adducts; emulsifiers such as ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide adducts of fatty alcohols, fatty acids and fatty amines; wetting agents, such as sulphosuccinic acid esters and, optionally, additions of bactericides such as o-phenylphenol and _-chloro-m-cresol.
The process according to the invention has proved to be particularly advantageous in the production of filaments from polyamides and polyethylene terephthalate. Depending on the particular production process or after-treatment process, it is . ~.
possible in accordance with this invention to apply spinning preparations and brighteners at virtually any stage in the pro-duction of polyamide or polyethylene terephthalate filaments.
Thus, the preparation can be transferred to the. filaments in foamed or non-foamed form either in the spinning tube itself or directly after Ieaving the spinning tube, after stretching, before and after texturing, after fixing in the case of mono-filaments and after dyeing and before or after -twisting or wind-ing with all filaments. In spite of the very high. speeds used in these processes, the liquid systems are quantitatively applied uniformly and in exactly measured quantities.
The process according to this invention is suîtable for applying foamed and non-foamed liquid systems, preferably emulsions, to filaments immediately after their production pre-ferably either in the spinning tube itself or im~ediately after leaving the spinning tube.
In -the production of polyamide-6 filament, it is pre-ferred to apply from 1 to 7~ by weight based on the substrate, of a spinning preparation.
On drawings which illustrate embodiments of the invention, Figure 1 is a cross section oF one embodiment of apparatus in accordance with the invention;
Figure 2 is a cross section of another embodiment o the apparatus in accordance with the invention;
Figure 3 is a cross sectional detail of the outlet slot;
Figure 4a is a plan view of blocks defining the slot outlet;
Figure 4b is a plan view of an alternative form of blocks defining another slot outlet embodimentj Figure 4c is a plan view of a further form of blocks defining a further slot outlet embodiment;
Figure 5 is a pictorial view of liquid applying appar-atus;
Figure 6 is a pictorial view of a preferred slot con-struction; and Figure 7 i9 a top view of a slot and thread guide.
Figures 1 to 6 show technical embodiments for coating filaments with a preparation by the process according to the invention. In Figure 1, a liquid is delivered under pressure through a feed line 3 into a supply chamber 4 which opens into a slot 2, the ou-tlet opening of which is situated in a wall of the liquid container 9, whose outer surface ls concave when viewed from above in Figure 1 and in a d;rection parallel to ~ 5 ~
.
z~
the longitudinal dimension of the outlet opening of the slot.
This arrangement of the slot provides for improved guiding of the filament on the preparation unit and, at the same time for uniform application of the preparation to the filaments.
Accordingly, the invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the process according to the învention, which is distinguished by the fact that an inner compartment 4 of a liquid container 9 equipped with a feed 3 for a liquid, opens into a horizontal slot, the outlet opening of which is situated in a wall of the liquid container 9 whose outer surface i5 con-cave when viewed from above in Figure 1 and in a direction parallel to the longitudinal dimension of the outlet opening of the slot.
A curved guide 20, preferably made of the same material as the - 5a - ;
:. ~
blocks 10 c~nd 11 defining the slot 2, can be arranged about 10 to 30 centi metres parallel to and above the outlet opening of the slot 2, its curvature being in the same direction as the curvature of the slot ~see Fig. 7).
m e radius of curvature of ~he guide is such that, in the prepara-tion of slivers, as uni~orm a distribution of th0 individual filaments as possible is achieved over the overall width of the slot, and the filaments are prevented from running over or behind one another. The concave opening on the outlet side of the slot 2 is 0.1 to 1 mm tall. For slivers, it is about 10 to 250 mm wide. The radius of curvature amo-mts to 20 to 200 mm.
If the liquid to be applied is in the form of a foam, the apparatus according to the invention can be modified in such a way that a gas feed line 5, opens into the inner compartment 4 of the liquid container 9 by way of a porous filter member composed of frit 6. However, the foam can also be pro-duced elsewhere and fed to the coater.
As shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 5, the outlet opening of the slot 2 is -preferably defined by two prism-shaped blocks 10 and 11 arranged mutually parallel and above one anothcr~ their outlet-side surfaces parallel to the length of the slot and having a concave curve. The material for the blocks 10 and 11 is a wear-resistant, hard, smooth or rough material. The blocks 10 and 11 preferably consist of sintered ceramics, nitrides, carbides, oxides or hardened stainless steel. Silicon carbide, aluminium oxide, chromium oxide or wear-resistant non-rusting steels, for example so-called tool steels, are particularly suitable for the blocks 10 and 11 and for the guide 20.
The frit 6, which is used to introduce a gaseous medium through the inlet 5 into the supply compartment 4, is preferably made of perfluorina~ed polyalkylene. A gear pump is used for delivering the emulsion (dosing) into -the supply compartment, the inner wall of the supply compartment ~ being in ~he form of a plane inclined towards the slot in order to avoid dead zones. ;The advantages of forced dosing are that dosing is independent of viscosity and that concentrated emulsions can be applied with reproducible results.
'' As shown in tho drawing, the frit 6 can be situated in the liquid container as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, although it can also be built into the feed line 5 outside the supply compartment 4. Non-wl~tting or substantially non-wetting frits ~e.g. silicone rubber, perfluorina~ed polyethylene) are pref0rred. The size of the frits used is governed by the throughput of the gaseous medium ~for example air). The smaller the ratio of gas throughput to frit surface, the finer the foam formed.
In Fig. 1, a bundle of filaments or a single filament 1 travels past a slot 2 made of ceramics material. A liquid, for instance an emulsion, is delivered to the apparatus through the inlet 3 and is then foamed in the foaming compartment 4 by a gaseous medium introduced through the inlet 5 and the frit 6. The reference 7 denotes a rubber seal and the reference 8 a cover plate for the inner or foaming compartment 4. The reference 9 denotes the liquid container or the housing for the foaming compartment. F'or one-way liquid application, the apparatus according to the invention shown in Fig. 1 can also be made without the gas inlet 5 and without the frit 6.
Fig. 2 illustrates another embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention ~one-way foam coater). The references 1 to 8 in Fig, 2 have the same meanings as in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows the dimensions of the slot. The references 1, 4 and 8 have the same meaning as in Fig. 1. The references 10 and 11 denote con-cave blocks which define the curved slot 2. The object of the guide 20 is to improve guiding of the filament.
The section A characterises the slot height and amounts to from , ~ , . . . .
.
0.1 -to 1 mrn, B is from 1 to 10 nml, C has a length of 1 to 100 mm"
¦ D is the slot length and is from 1 to 100 mm.
Fig 4a is a plan view of the bloc~;s 10 and 11 defining the curved slot 2 in the direction of filamentl-travel.
The interval E is 1 to 2 mm wide for a linear slot wid-th F
(cord length) of 30 to 40 mm. These two distances determine the curvature of the slot.
Fig 4b shows an interrupted slo-t in which the liquid or the foam is fed through the component slots 1~
The partitions 12 can be used as llow guides.
i Fig. 4c shows a slot with partial or individual curves 16 into which open the channels 15 which can also be laterally defined by flow guides 13 as in Fig. 4b. The radii of curvature of the individual curves are from 0.05 to 2 mm and their width G from 0.1 to 3 mm.
Fig. 5 is an overall view of an apparatus suitable for applying liquid. The references have the following meanings:
1 20 1 = filament 1 2 = slot (outlet opening) 10, 11 = prism-shaped or similarly shaped blocks concave on one side.
3 = liquid inlet.
17 = spring closure 19 = the apparatus ean be moved (adjusted) in the direction i of these arrows by a conventional mechanism.
Fig. 6 shows a preferred embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention in which the slot is defined by lateral guide eages 18. The edges are about 0.5 mm long.
Fig. 7 is a view from above in the direction of the bundle of filaments, showing how the threads are guicled by me~ns Le A 15 357 8 t i ' ' ' ' . ' :' ' ~' ' ' ' " " ' ' . . . " ' ' '' ' ' S~
of the guide 20 and the cur~atue of the slot. 'l~e reference l ~enotes the :~ilaments.
~ le poss-ibility oI fitting the coating unit to the mounting base by means of a spring closure represents another advantage of the appara-tus according to the invention. A~lother major advantage is the adjustability of the coating uni-t relative to the bundle of filaments or -the single filament.
This means that the coating unit can be brought up to the bundle of filaments.
The fcllowing Example~ are to further illu~trate the invention without limiting it.
EX~MPLÆ 1 A polyamide-6 filament yarn stretched to a denier of dtex 940/f 140 was drawn at a spinning take-off speed of 500 m/minute directly past the slot of a~one-way liquid application -unit o~ the l~ind shown in ~igs. l, 5 and 6 and was propared with a 24% oil-in-water emulsion (dyhamic viscosity: 17 cP at 20C). T,he application slot with circular curvature had a linear width (cord length~ of 40 mm, a radius of curva-ture o~ 134 mm, a height of 0.5 mm and a length of 4 mm. The slot was formed by 2 curved pieces of carborundum (SiC). The emulsion was forced -through the application slot by a gear pump (spinning pump: o.6 cc. per revolution)r The individual fibr~s of the bundle of fibres were prepared immediately adjacent the slot and too~ up the emulsion quantitatively and uniformly. Chemical analysis of the preparation content f the filament yarn (5 g sample of each 40 kg package) over a period of 4 wee~s showed an oil content of (1.26 + 0.02) %
and a water content of (3.37 ~ 0.08)%. The stretching of the resulting filament yarn was clcarly better than that of comparable material prepared with a roller. The specific tensile strength was consistently above 80 Rkm roller: 70 to 75 Rkm). The proportion of low quality samples was 0.
(roller l.5%).
Le A 15 357 9 , . , . . . . . , .... . . .. ....... " ,.. ~ .. ~ ....... .... . . .. .
35~Z~
E~LE 2 , A polyamide-6 filament yarn stretehed to a denier o~ dtex ! l~70/f 70 was drawn at a spinning take-of~ speed of 1000 metres/
minute directly past the slot of a ~ne-way liquid applieation unit of the kind shown in ~igs. 1, 5 and 6 and was prepared I with a 27~ oil-in-water emuslion (dynamie viscosity: 41 cP ~t ¦ 20C). The applieation slot with a circular curvature had a linear width (cord length) o~ 25 mm and a radius of curvature of 78 mm, a height of 0.25 and a length of 6 mm. The slot was defined by two curved pieces o~ A1203. Chemical analyses o~
the amount of pxeparation applied to the ~ilament yarn of eaeh package over a period of 6,weeks showed (1.15 1 0.02 )~
of oil and (2.80 ~ 0.09)% of water.
In spite of the high spinning take-off speed, th0 ~10 k~
paekages were entirely satisfactory in strueture whereas 40 lcg paekages prepared with a roller under otherwise iden-tieal ; eonditions underwent a marked inerease in size (approximately 10 em in the axial direetion on a Ilanged bobbin with a winding width of 44.2 cm, whieh is placed with axis vertically arranged on one flange whilst the other flange is removed). After stretching on a Rieter stretch-twisting machine speciIie tensile strengths in the region of 90 Rkm were obtained.
EX~MPLE 3 A polyamide-6 filament yarn stretched to a denier of 1 25 dtex llO0/f 63 was drawn at a spinning take-o~f speed of 580 m/minute directly past the slot of a one-way foam application unit of the kind shown in Fig. 2 and was prepared with a foamed 20% oil-in-water emulsion (dynamic visc09i ty : 9 eP
at 20C). The emulsion was ~oreed into the application uni-t (756 cc/h) above the capillary system by means of a ~eared pump (o.6 cc per revolution). The eapillary system consisted o~ a
This invention rel~tes to a process for the ~uantit-ative application of liquid systems in a thin la~er to natural or synthetic filaments moving uniformly along a linear path by the one-way technique using a forced dosage unit.
Coating filaments with liquid systems, for example with spinning preparations, i5 aimed in particular at æacilitating the friction-frea movement of the threads. In addltion, the coating used is frequently an antistatic agent. Finally, the filament has to be charged with water in dosed form. These requirements mean that the coating agent has to be in the form of an emulsion having an outer phase of water and an inner phase of oil.
In conventional processes for the application of such an emulsion, the filaments are run past a rotating porous roller (godet) the filaments contactin~ the rollex at a tangent. The roller dips into an emulsion and transfers the emulsion to the filaments through its rotation and contact with the threads.
The amount of emulsion transferred is deter~ined inter alia by the speed of rotation. The emulsion in the pan is continuously replenished by a pumping system.
One disadvantage of coating processes of this kind is that there are many fluctuations in the amount of emulsion applied. These difficulties are predominantly attributable to the fact that the supply of emulsion on the roller is relati~ely large and the filaments take up as much emulsion as they can, depending on how they are guided over the roller. There is no means to make the fibres take up an accurately defined quantity.
Also, the properties of the roller surface change with time;
wear phenomena occur, and also the properties of the emulsion change~ for example due to bacterial effects. Decay and ageing effects of this kind result in troublesome changes in viscosity and the consequent fluctuations in the amount of oil applied ,q~
'''' '' .
~6~85~Z~
cause fluctuations in ~riction when the filaments are being stretched. The resulting stretching errors lead -to differiny filament strengths, filament breakages- occurring in extreme cases. In addition, fluctua-tions in the amount of water taken up result particularly in fluctuations in the crimping and dye-ing properties of the filaments.
Apart from the application of spinning preparations to filaments by the roller method, it is known that liquid, foam-able smoothing or stiffening agents can be applied in foam form to a weft or warp yarn through a slot. A similar process is also described in our own earlier Canadian Patent Application 200,255 filed May 17, 1974, Keinrïch et al. However, it has been found that, when preparations are applied through a slot, particularly at high filament speeds, the previously described disadvantages are not completely avoided and the amount of preparation applied is still subject to fluctuations. The re-sulting increase in the size of the packages and the irregular-ities occurring in texturing and dyeing make it necessary to optimise already known preparation methods.
Accordingly, the object of the invention is to avoid the above mentioned disadvantages and difficulties~
It has been been found that emulsions and, quite generally, preparations or liquid systems, can be uniformly applied in dosable quantities to filaments travelling along a linear path, providing the liquid systems are applied, optionally in foamed form to the filaments through a curved slot by the one-~ay technique.
Accordingly, in a broad aspect, the invention resides in a process for the quantitative application of liquid systems in a thin layer to filaments moving uniformly along a linear path ;' ' "
by the one-way technique using a forced dosage unit in which the liquid introduced per unit of time is quantïtatively taken up by the filaments, wherein the filaments are guided past at least one slot which lies along a concave curve from end to end, said filaments being uniformly distri~uted over the entire width of the slot, whereby said filaments are brought into contact with a liquid issuing from the slot.
In a further ~road aspect, the invention resides in an apparatus for th.e quantitative application of liquid systems in a thin layer to filaments moving uniformly along a linear path by the one-way technique using a forced dosage unit comprising, a liquid container having an inner compartment, an inlet for feeding liquid into said container, a horizontally disposed slot in a wall of said container, the outer surface of said wall being concave in the horizontal direction parallel to the length of said slot whereby said slot lies along a concave curve from end to end with a radius of 20 to 200 mm, said slot having a length of between 10 and 250 rnm, and an outlet height of between 0.1 and 1 mm, and means for guiding said filaments past said sl\t ~ ~ :
.~20 so that they will ~e uniformly distributed over the entire wid-~of said slot.
The process is suitable for the application of pre-parations to natural or synth.etic filaments at all the speeds normally used in production or after treatment processes.
According to a preferred embodiment the filaments are guided past a height-adjusta~le slot which is Ool to 1 mm tall and which is curved or provided with partial curves and which is adapted to the width of the sliver or to the number of filaments. The filaments are contacted with.an optionally foamed liquid issuing from the slot, the linear speed of the issuing liquid being , ~
~, 5~23 determined by -the slot height at a predetermined flow rate per unit volume and the dose of liquid introduced in each short time interval being quantitatively taken up by the filaments.
If the liquid applied i5 an emulsion, the residence time of the liquid in each unit volume of the apparatus must be appreciably shorter than the average life of the emulsion.
- 3a -~&i8~
~ ilaments of organic or inorganic, s~nthetic or natural materials are suitable for preparation by the process according to this inven-tion. For example, filaments o:E po:Lyamides, poly-esters, polyacrylonitriles, polyolefins, carbon, glass, asbestos or aluminium oxide can be successfully coated with a series of known preparations by the process according to the invention.
Examples of such preparations are lubricants such as mineral oils, vegetable and animal oils, natural and synthetic waxes ancl ester oils (fatty acid esters or dicarboxylic acid alkyl esters~;
antistatic agents such as salts of partial esters of phosphoric acid with fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers or alkylphenol poly-glycol ethers, and sulphuric acid esters of the above-named ethylene oxide adducts; emulsifiers such as ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide adducts of fatty alcohols, fatty acids and fatty amines; wetting agents, such as sulphosuccinic acid esters and, optionally, additions of bactericides such as o-phenylphenol and _-chloro-m-cresol.
The process according to the invention has proved to be particularly advantageous in the production of filaments from polyamides and polyethylene terephthalate. Depending on the particular production process or after-treatment process, it is . ~.
possible in accordance with this invention to apply spinning preparations and brighteners at virtually any stage in the pro-duction of polyamide or polyethylene terephthalate filaments.
Thus, the preparation can be transferred to the. filaments in foamed or non-foamed form either in the spinning tube itself or directly after Ieaving the spinning tube, after stretching, before and after texturing, after fixing in the case of mono-filaments and after dyeing and before or after -twisting or wind-ing with all filaments. In spite of the very high. speeds used in these processes, the liquid systems are quantitatively applied uniformly and in exactly measured quantities.
The process according to this invention is suîtable for applying foamed and non-foamed liquid systems, preferably emulsions, to filaments immediately after their production pre-ferably either in the spinning tube itself or im~ediately after leaving the spinning tube.
In -the production of polyamide-6 filament, it is pre-ferred to apply from 1 to 7~ by weight based on the substrate, of a spinning preparation.
On drawings which illustrate embodiments of the invention, Figure 1 is a cross section oF one embodiment of apparatus in accordance with the invention;
Figure 2 is a cross section of another embodiment o the apparatus in accordance with the invention;
Figure 3 is a cross sectional detail of the outlet slot;
Figure 4a is a plan view of blocks defining the slot outlet;
Figure 4b is a plan view of an alternative form of blocks defining another slot outlet embodimentj Figure 4c is a plan view of a further form of blocks defining a further slot outlet embodiment;
Figure 5 is a pictorial view of liquid applying appar-atus;
Figure 6 is a pictorial view of a preferred slot con-struction; and Figure 7 i9 a top view of a slot and thread guide.
Figures 1 to 6 show technical embodiments for coating filaments with a preparation by the process according to the invention. In Figure 1, a liquid is delivered under pressure through a feed line 3 into a supply chamber 4 which opens into a slot 2, the ou-tlet opening of which is situated in a wall of the liquid container 9, whose outer surface ls concave when viewed from above in Figure 1 and in a d;rection parallel to ~ 5 ~
.
z~
the longitudinal dimension of the outlet opening of the slot.
This arrangement of the slot provides for improved guiding of the filament on the preparation unit and, at the same time for uniform application of the preparation to the filaments.
Accordingly, the invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the process according to the învention, which is distinguished by the fact that an inner compartment 4 of a liquid container 9 equipped with a feed 3 for a liquid, opens into a horizontal slot, the outlet opening of which is situated in a wall of the liquid container 9 whose outer surface i5 con-cave when viewed from above in Figure 1 and in a direction parallel to the longitudinal dimension of the outlet opening of the slot.
A curved guide 20, preferably made of the same material as the - 5a - ;
:. ~
blocks 10 c~nd 11 defining the slot 2, can be arranged about 10 to 30 centi metres parallel to and above the outlet opening of the slot 2, its curvature being in the same direction as the curvature of the slot ~see Fig. 7).
m e radius of curvature of ~he guide is such that, in the prepara-tion of slivers, as uni~orm a distribution of th0 individual filaments as possible is achieved over the overall width of the slot, and the filaments are prevented from running over or behind one another. The concave opening on the outlet side of the slot 2 is 0.1 to 1 mm tall. For slivers, it is about 10 to 250 mm wide. The radius of curvature amo-mts to 20 to 200 mm.
If the liquid to be applied is in the form of a foam, the apparatus according to the invention can be modified in such a way that a gas feed line 5, opens into the inner compartment 4 of the liquid container 9 by way of a porous filter member composed of frit 6. However, the foam can also be pro-duced elsewhere and fed to the coater.
As shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 5, the outlet opening of the slot 2 is -preferably defined by two prism-shaped blocks 10 and 11 arranged mutually parallel and above one anothcr~ their outlet-side surfaces parallel to the length of the slot and having a concave curve. The material for the blocks 10 and 11 is a wear-resistant, hard, smooth or rough material. The blocks 10 and 11 preferably consist of sintered ceramics, nitrides, carbides, oxides or hardened stainless steel. Silicon carbide, aluminium oxide, chromium oxide or wear-resistant non-rusting steels, for example so-called tool steels, are particularly suitable for the blocks 10 and 11 and for the guide 20.
The frit 6, which is used to introduce a gaseous medium through the inlet 5 into the supply compartment 4, is preferably made of perfluorina~ed polyalkylene. A gear pump is used for delivering the emulsion (dosing) into -the supply compartment, the inner wall of the supply compartment ~ being in ~he form of a plane inclined towards the slot in order to avoid dead zones. ;The advantages of forced dosing are that dosing is independent of viscosity and that concentrated emulsions can be applied with reproducible results.
'' As shown in tho drawing, the frit 6 can be situated in the liquid container as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, although it can also be built into the feed line 5 outside the supply compartment 4. Non-wl~tting or substantially non-wetting frits ~e.g. silicone rubber, perfluorina~ed polyethylene) are pref0rred. The size of the frits used is governed by the throughput of the gaseous medium ~for example air). The smaller the ratio of gas throughput to frit surface, the finer the foam formed.
In Fig. 1, a bundle of filaments or a single filament 1 travels past a slot 2 made of ceramics material. A liquid, for instance an emulsion, is delivered to the apparatus through the inlet 3 and is then foamed in the foaming compartment 4 by a gaseous medium introduced through the inlet 5 and the frit 6. The reference 7 denotes a rubber seal and the reference 8 a cover plate for the inner or foaming compartment 4. The reference 9 denotes the liquid container or the housing for the foaming compartment. F'or one-way liquid application, the apparatus according to the invention shown in Fig. 1 can also be made without the gas inlet 5 and without the frit 6.
Fig. 2 illustrates another embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention ~one-way foam coater). The references 1 to 8 in Fig, 2 have the same meanings as in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows the dimensions of the slot. The references 1, 4 and 8 have the same meaning as in Fig. 1. The references 10 and 11 denote con-cave blocks which define the curved slot 2. The object of the guide 20 is to improve guiding of the filament.
The section A characterises the slot height and amounts to from , ~ , . . . .
.
0.1 -to 1 mrn, B is from 1 to 10 nml, C has a length of 1 to 100 mm"
¦ D is the slot length and is from 1 to 100 mm.
Fig 4a is a plan view of the bloc~;s 10 and 11 defining the curved slot 2 in the direction of filamentl-travel.
The interval E is 1 to 2 mm wide for a linear slot wid-th F
(cord length) of 30 to 40 mm. These two distances determine the curvature of the slot.
Fig 4b shows an interrupted slo-t in which the liquid or the foam is fed through the component slots 1~
The partitions 12 can be used as llow guides.
i Fig. 4c shows a slot with partial or individual curves 16 into which open the channels 15 which can also be laterally defined by flow guides 13 as in Fig. 4b. The radii of curvature of the individual curves are from 0.05 to 2 mm and their width G from 0.1 to 3 mm.
Fig. 5 is an overall view of an apparatus suitable for applying liquid. The references have the following meanings:
1 20 1 = filament 1 2 = slot (outlet opening) 10, 11 = prism-shaped or similarly shaped blocks concave on one side.
3 = liquid inlet.
17 = spring closure 19 = the apparatus ean be moved (adjusted) in the direction i of these arrows by a conventional mechanism.
Fig. 6 shows a preferred embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention in which the slot is defined by lateral guide eages 18. The edges are about 0.5 mm long.
Fig. 7 is a view from above in the direction of the bundle of filaments, showing how the threads are guicled by me~ns Le A 15 357 8 t i ' ' ' ' . ' :' ' ~' ' ' ' " " ' ' . . . " ' ' '' ' ' S~
of the guide 20 and the cur~atue of the slot. 'l~e reference l ~enotes the :~ilaments.
~ le poss-ibility oI fitting the coating unit to the mounting base by means of a spring closure represents another advantage of the appara-tus according to the invention. A~lother major advantage is the adjustability of the coating uni-t relative to the bundle of filaments or -the single filament.
This means that the coating unit can be brought up to the bundle of filaments.
The fcllowing Example~ are to further illu~trate the invention without limiting it.
EX~MPLÆ 1 A polyamide-6 filament yarn stretched to a denier of dtex 940/f 140 was drawn at a spinning take-off speed of 500 m/minute directly past the slot of a~one-way liquid application -unit o~ the l~ind shown in ~igs. l, 5 and 6 and was propared with a 24% oil-in-water emulsion (dyhamic viscosity: 17 cP at 20C). T,he application slot with circular curvature had a linear width (cord length~ of 40 mm, a radius of curva-ture o~ 134 mm, a height of 0.5 mm and a length of 4 mm. The slot was formed by 2 curved pieces of carborundum (SiC). The emulsion was forced -through the application slot by a gear pump (spinning pump: o.6 cc. per revolution)r The individual fibr~s of the bundle of fibres were prepared immediately adjacent the slot and too~ up the emulsion quantitatively and uniformly. Chemical analysis of the preparation content f the filament yarn (5 g sample of each 40 kg package) over a period of 4 wee~s showed an oil content of (1.26 + 0.02) %
and a water content of (3.37 ~ 0.08)%. The stretching of the resulting filament yarn was clcarly better than that of comparable material prepared with a roller. The specific tensile strength was consistently above 80 Rkm roller: 70 to 75 Rkm). The proportion of low quality samples was 0.
(roller l.5%).
Le A 15 357 9 , . , . . . . . , .... . . .. ....... " ,.. ~ .. ~ ....... .... . . .. .
35~Z~
E~LE 2 , A polyamide-6 filament yarn stretehed to a denier o~ dtex ! l~70/f 70 was drawn at a spinning take-of~ speed of 1000 metres/
minute directly past the slot of a ~ne-way liquid applieation unit of the kind shown in ~igs. 1, 5 and 6 and was prepared I with a 27~ oil-in-water emuslion (dynamie viscosity: 41 cP ~t ¦ 20C). The applieation slot with a circular curvature had a linear width (cord length) o~ 25 mm and a radius of curvature of 78 mm, a height of 0.25 and a length of 6 mm. The slot was defined by two curved pieces o~ A1203. Chemical analyses o~
the amount of pxeparation applied to the ~ilament yarn of eaeh package over a period of 6,weeks showed (1.15 1 0.02 )~
of oil and (2.80 ~ 0.09)% of water.
In spite of the high spinning take-off speed, th0 ~10 k~
paekages were entirely satisfactory in strueture whereas 40 lcg paekages prepared with a roller under otherwise iden-tieal ; eonditions underwent a marked inerease in size (approximately 10 em in the axial direetion on a Ilanged bobbin with a winding width of 44.2 cm, whieh is placed with axis vertically arranged on one flange whilst the other flange is removed). After stretching on a Rieter stretch-twisting machine speciIie tensile strengths in the region of 90 Rkm were obtained.
EX~MPLE 3 A polyamide-6 filament yarn stretched to a denier of 1 25 dtex llO0/f 63 was drawn at a spinning take-o~f speed of 580 m/minute directly past the slot of a one-way foam application unit of the kind shown in Fig. 2 and was prepared with a foamed 20% oil-in-water emulsion (dynamic visc09i ty : 9 eP
at 20C). The emulsion was ~oreed into the application uni-t (756 cc/h) above the capillary system by means of a ~eared pump (o.6 cc per revolution). The eapillary system consisted o~ a
2 mm thick frit made o~ polytetrafluorethylene (average pore ~-Le ~ 15 357 10 ~135~
diameter 30 ~Im) with a useful surlace area of 12 cm2 Filtered air was blolYn through the :Erit (6 l/h under nor~al conditions). The foam produced hacl a very fi~e, uniform structure ~cell diameter ~ 0.5 mm). The slot system was the same as in Example 1. C,hemical analysis of the amount of ¦; emulsion applied to the filaulent yarn of the package over a period of 4 weeks showed (1.00 + 0.02 )~ of oil and (2.69 + 0.07)%
of water. The filament yarn thus prepared was stretched and textured by the brake chamber process. Th8 filament travelled well, and hardly any filament breakages and stops occurred.
; Uniformity of texturing and dyeing were clearly better -than those of corresponding material prepared by the roller method.
EXAMPL~ 4 _ _ A polyamide-6 filament yarn stretched to a denier of dtex 2800~f 210 was drawn directly past the slot of the one-way foam application unit described in Example 3 at a spinning take-off speed of 158 m/minute and was prepared with a foamed 30% oil-in-water emulsio~(dynamic viscosity: ~5 cP at 1 20C). The yarn thus prepared was s-tored in cans. The oil ¦ 20 content of the yarn was around (1.69 + 0.02)%, the water content amounted to (3.51 ~ 0.09)~0. A very strong, coarse filament yarn of up to 33,000 dtex was prepared by doubling the yarn from several cans followed by stretching. In relation to comparable material prepared by the roller method, (in which context it should be pointed out that only fairly thin emulsions could be safely applied with the roller ( G 24%
oil)~ a higher uniformity of application was found, as reflected in an, on average~ 5 ~km higher tensile strength and, in particular, in a very small number of filament breakages (1 per 100 kg).
Ex~MpLE 5 A four~strand polyamide-6 filament yarn stretched to a .
Le A 15 357 11 ---\
~53L1~
denier of dtex 4~/f 10 was drawn in past the interrupted slot of a one-way liquid application unît of -the kind shown in Figs.
1 and 4c at a spinning take-ofl speed oi` 1200 m/minute and was prepared with a 12.5% oil-in-water emulsion ~dynamic 5 viscosity: 1.8 cP at 20C). The radius of curva-ture of the I semi-circular slot se~ments at the rear end of the prism-like l filament-guide grooves was 0.25 mm. The slot sys-tem was formed from A1203 sintered ceramics. Below each slot segment (in the direction of filament travel), a thin~ stable localised emulsion Iilm, through which the filamen-t was drawnl was formed on the sintered ceramics in the filament guide groove.
~ Emulsion was fed to the slot sy$tem by forced delivery using ; I a gear pump (spinning pump: 0.3 cc per revolution) and before the slot system was guided in 4 equal component streams to ¦ 15 each of the 4 slot segments by flow resistances (recta~gular channels: 40 mm long~ 0.5 mm deep, 0.3 mm wide). Analyses of the amount of preparation on the threads produced the following ~¦ results:
a) the average differences f~om?filament to filament at the same time showed deviations of ~ 2~o for oil and water;
b) the differences in application in one and the same filament dependent on its length or on the spinning time amounted to ¦ 2% ~or oil and to ~ ~% for water.
In the case of the oil values, the deviations corresponded 1 25 to the inaccuracy o~ analysis.
The filaments were stretched and friction-textured by the i false~twist process The uniformity of crimping and dyeing I was clearly better than that of comparison material prepared by the roller method.
~1 -30 EXAMPLE 6 A polyethylene terephthalate filament yarn stretched to a denier of dtex 167/ f 34 was guided directly p~t the slot Le A 15 357 12 ~5~
system of a one-way liquid application uni-t of the kind shown in Figs 1 and 4c at a take-off speed of 1300 m/minu-te.: The same application unit as in ~ample 5 was used. The spinning preparation had an oil concentration ol 20~o, The filament yarn of all the paclcages produced from the 4 threads showed high uniformity o~ application over a period of 5 ' weeks bo-th from filament to filament and in each individual - i ~ilament as a function of time. The speed of the gear pump was adjusted so that an average oil application of 0.75~ by weight, based on the fibre mass, was achieved.
I A value o~ ~0.74 ~ 0.02)% was found. The filament yarn prepared in this way, wa~ stret~ched and textured by the fàlse-twist process. The yarn travelled satisfactorily through the machine. Fluctuations in bulking were appreciably lower than in material prepared by -the roller method. Roller preparation at 1300 m/minute resulted in a very uneven applicatio~ of oil with fluctuations of up to + 20%.
20 polyamide-6 monofilament yarns with individual deniers of 400 dtex were continuously subjected after fixing ~ to one-way liquid preparation by the process according to the ¦ inve~tion at a speed of 240 m/minute. The monofilaments ¦ were guided horizontally at intervals of 7 mm from one another.
A unit of the kind shown in Figs. 1 and 4c was used for application, the monofilaments running in hor~.~tal guide grooves (16 in Fig. Jlc). Brightening was carried out with a 20% oil-in-water emulsion with the dynamic viscosity of 70 cP at 20C delivered by a gear pump and ~orced through the ~i curved slot segments of the application unit. 2.2% of oil was applied. The fluctuations in oil application amounted to + 0.13~ from monofilament to monofilament, based on the average oil content of the monofilaments. This brightening process . ~ .
I Le ~ 15 357 1~
... . .
2~L
! made the monofilaments much sa-fer to process on weaving machlnes with filament speeds of 600 m/minute than mono~ilaments that I had been brightened by a roller. In addition, it was readily '. possible by the process according to~the invention uniformly to obtain any output of oil re~uested by customers to suit their machine settings. ~his was not possible with preparation rollers.
,. ~
`,~ ' ' ~
' ~e ~ 15 357 14 .
, , .
. .
diameter 30 ~Im) with a useful surlace area of 12 cm2 Filtered air was blolYn through the :Erit (6 l/h under nor~al conditions). The foam produced hacl a very fi~e, uniform structure ~cell diameter ~ 0.5 mm). The slot system was the same as in Example 1. C,hemical analysis of the amount of ¦; emulsion applied to the filaulent yarn of the package over a period of 4 weeks showed (1.00 + 0.02 )~ of oil and (2.69 + 0.07)%
of water. The filament yarn thus prepared was stretched and textured by the brake chamber process. Th8 filament travelled well, and hardly any filament breakages and stops occurred.
; Uniformity of texturing and dyeing were clearly better -than those of corresponding material prepared by the roller method.
EXAMPL~ 4 _ _ A polyamide-6 filament yarn stretched to a denier of dtex 2800~f 210 was drawn directly past the slot of the one-way foam application unit described in Example 3 at a spinning take-off speed of 158 m/minute and was prepared with a foamed 30% oil-in-water emulsio~(dynamic viscosity: ~5 cP at 1 20C). The yarn thus prepared was s-tored in cans. The oil ¦ 20 content of the yarn was around (1.69 + 0.02)%, the water content amounted to (3.51 ~ 0.09)~0. A very strong, coarse filament yarn of up to 33,000 dtex was prepared by doubling the yarn from several cans followed by stretching. In relation to comparable material prepared by the roller method, (in which context it should be pointed out that only fairly thin emulsions could be safely applied with the roller ( G 24%
oil)~ a higher uniformity of application was found, as reflected in an, on average~ 5 ~km higher tensile strength and, in particular, in a very small number of filament breakages (1 per 100 kg).
Ex~MpLE 5 A four~strand polyamide-6 filament yarn stretched to a .
Le A 15 357 11 ---\
~53L1~
denier of dtex 4~/f 10 was drawn in past the interrupted slot of a one-way liquid application unît of -the kind shown in Figs.
1 and 4c at a spinning take-ofl speed oi` 1200 m/minute and was prepared with a 12.5% oil-in-water emulsion ~dynamic 5 viscosity: 1.8 cP at 20C). The radius of curva-ture of the I semi-circular slot se~ments at the rear end of the prism-like l filament-guide grooves was 0.25 mm. The slot sys-tem was formed from A1203 sintered ceramics. Below each slot segment (in the direction of filament travel), a thin~ stable localised emulsion Iilm, through which the filamen-t was drawnl was formed on the sintered ceramics in the filament guide groove.
~ Emulsion was fed to the slot sy$tem by forced delivery using ; I a gear pump (spinning pump: 0.3 cc per revolution) and before the slot system was guided in 4 equal component streams to ¦ 15 each of the 4 slot segments by flow resistances (recta~gular channels: 40 mm long~ 0.5 mm deep, 0.3 mm wide). Analyses of the amount of preparation on the threads produced the following ~¦ results:
a) the average differences f~om?filament to filament at the same time showed deviations of ~ 2~o for oil and water;
b) the differences in application in one and the same filament dependent on its length or on the spinning time amounted to ¦ 2% ~or oil and to ~ ~% for water.
In the case of the oil values, the deviations corresponded 1 25 to the inaccuracy o~ analysis.
The filaments were stretched and friction-textured by the i false~twist process The uniformity of crimping and dyeing I was clearly better than that of comparison material prepared by the roller method.
~1 -30 EXAMPLE 6 A polyethylene terephthalate filament yarn stretched to a denier of dtex 167/ f 34 was guided directly p~t the slot Le A 15 357 12 ~5~
system of a one-way liquid application uni-t of the kind shown in Figs 1 and 4c at a take-off speed of 1300 m/minu-te.: The same application unit as in ~ample 5 was used. The spinning preparation had an oil concentration ol 20~o, The filament yarn of all the paclcages produced from the 4 threads showed high uniformity o~ application over a period of 5 ' weeks bo-th from filament to filament and in each individual - i ~ilament as a function of time. The speed of the gear pump was adjusted so that an average oil application of 0.75~ by weight, based on the fibre mass, was achieved.
I A value o~ ~0.74 ~ 0.02)% was found. The filament yarn prepared in this way, wa~ stret~ched and textured by the fàlse-twist process. The yarn travelled satisfactorily through the machine. Fluctuations in bulking were appreciably lower than in material prepared by -the roller method. Roller preparation at 1300 m/minute resulted in a very uneven applicatio~ of oil with fluctuations of up to + 20%.
20 polyamide-6 monofilament yarns with individual deniers of 400 dtex were continuously subjected after fixing ~ to one-way liquid preparation by the process according to the ¦ inve~tion at a speed of 240 m/minute. The monofilaments ¦ were guided horizontally at intervals of 7 mm from one another.
A unit of the kind shown in Figs. 1 and 4c was used for application, the monofilaments running in hor~.~tal guide grooves (16 in Fig. Jlc). Brightening was carried out with a 20% oil-in-water emulsion with the dynamic viscosity of 70 cP at 20C delivered by a gear pump and ~orced through the ~i curved slot segments of the application unit. 2.2% of oil was applied. The fluctuations in oil application amounted to + 0.13~ from monofilament to monofilament, based on the average oil content of the monofilaments. This brightening process . ~ .
I Le ~ 15 357 1~
... . .
2~L
! made the monofilaments much sa-fer to process on weaving machlnes with filament speeds of 600 m/minute than mono~ilaments that I had been brightened by a roller. In addition, it was readily '. possible by the process according to~the invention uniformly to obtain any output of oil re~uested by customers to suit their machine settings. ~his was not possible with preparation rollers.
,. ~
`,~ ' ' ~
' ~e ~ 15 357 14 .
, , .
. .
Claims (13)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A process for the quantitative application of liquid systems in a thin layer to filaments moving uniformly along a linear path by the one-way technique using a forced dosage unit in which the liquid introduced per unit of time is quantitatively taken up by the filaments, wherein the filaments are guided past at least one slot which lies along a concave curve from end to end, said fialments being uniformly distributed over the entire width of the slot, whereby said filaments are brought into contact with a liquid issuing from the slot.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the height of said slot is adjustable, and the linear speed of the issuing liquid is adjustable through adjustment of the height of the slot for a predetermined flow rate per unit volume.
3. A process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said liquid is in foamed condition.
4. A process as claimed in claim 1 and 2, wherein an emulsion is applied to the filaments through said at least one slot, the residence time of the liquid in the apparatus being appreciably shorter than the average life of the emulsion.
5. A process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein freshly spun material is used for the filaments.
6. An apparatus for the quantitative application of liquid systems in a thin layer to filaments moving uniformly along a linear path by the one-way technique using a forced dosage unit comprising, a liquid container having an inner compartment, an inlet for feeding liquid into said container, a horizontally disposed slot in a wall of said container forming an outlet for said liquid, the outer surface of said wall being concave in the horizontal direction parallel to the length of said slot whereby said slot lies along a concave curve from end to end with a radius of 20 to 200 mm, said slot having a length of between 10 and 250 mm, and an outlet height of between 0.1 and 1 mm, and means for guiding said filaments past said slot so that they with be uniformly distributed over the entire length of said slot.
7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the liquid container is adjustable so as to move the slot outlet toward or away from the filaments.
8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein said means for guiding comprises a curved guide, the curvature of which corresponds to the slot curvature, the guide being arranged 10 to 30 cm above the slot outlet and parallel thereto.
9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein a gas feed pipe enters the inner compartment of the liquid container by way of a frit layer.
10. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the slot outlet is formed by two prism-shaped blocks arranged parallel to and above one another, the outlet-side surfaces of which have a concave curvature parallel to the length of the slot.
11. An apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein the blocks consist of a wear-resistant material.
12. An apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein the blocks consist of sintered ceramics, nitrides, carbides, metal oxides or wear-resistant stainless steel.
13. An apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein the frit consists of a perfluorinated polyalkylene.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP2359276.9 | 1973-11-28 | ||
| DE19732359276 DE2359276C3 (en) | 1973-11-28 | 1973-11-28 | Device for the quantitative application of an optionally foamed liquid to a group of threads |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1085121A true CA1085121A (en) | 1980-09-09 |
Family
ID=5899320
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA214,620A Expired CA1085121A (en) | 1973-11-28 | 1974-11-26 | Liquid treating filaments and fibres from curved slot |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5083600A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT350497B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE822641A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1085121A (en) |
| DD (1) | DD116267A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2359276C3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK616574A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES432349A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2252435B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1478480A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE40250B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1026508B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU71360A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7415417A (en) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5857523B2 (en) * | 1976-02-16 | 1983-12-20 | アライド・ケミカル・コ−ポレ−シヨン | Synthetic fiber manufacturing method |
| FR2391306A1 (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1978-12-15 | Union Carbide Corp | Foam compsns. for treating paper and textiles etc. - contg. treating agent, frothing agent, wetting agent and water |
| DE2722071C3 (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1981-03-19 | Union Carbide Corp., 10017 New York, N.Y. | Foam dispensing head, in particular for applying foam to textile webs or the like. |
| FR2391305A1 (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1978-12-15 | Union Carbide Corp | Fabric treatment process - uses a foamed preparation contg. active component and wetting agent, applied to material surface by jet |
| FR2390999A1 (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1978-12-15 | Union Carbide Corp | Appts. for applying foam to substrates e.g. textiles - comprising foam applicator heads, distribution means etc. |
| DE2803488C2 (en) * | 1978-01-27 | 1982-06-16 | Saurer-Allma Gmbh, 8960 Kempten | Device for supplying a liquid thread treatment agent to the thread in a two-for-one twisting machine |
| JPS5812855Y2 (en) * | 1978-08-11 | 1983-03-11 | 東レ株式会社 | Oil application device |
| IT1135149B (en) * | 1981-01-23 | 1986-08-20 | Attilio Bertoldi | MACHINE FOR FOLLING, WASHING AND PRE-DRYING OF ROPE FABRICS |
| DE3126051A1 (en) * | 1981-07-02 | 1983-01-20 | Hacoba Textilmaschinen Gmbh & Co Kg, 5600 Wuppertal | Multi-component yarn for multi-coloured velours and process for producing it |
| GB2116882B (en) * | 1982-03-17 | 1985-10-16 | Bba Group Ltd | Foamed liquid treatment of materials |
| DE3226650C2 (en) * | 1982-07-16 | 1987-02-05 | Mathias 4815 Schloß Holte-Stukenbrock Mitter | Device for the continuous application of a liquid treatment liquor in the form of foam onto webs of material or the like. |
| DE3226904A1 (en) * | 1982-07-17 | 1984-01-26 | Mathias 4815 Schloss Holte Mitter | APPLICATION DEVICE |
| DE3430615A1 (en) * | 1984-08-20 | 1986-02-27 | Thies GmbH & Co, 4420 Coesfeld | DRIVING NOZZLE FOR WET TREATMENT OF TEXTILE GOODS |
| US4912948A (en) * | 1985-03-22 | 1990-04-03 | Union Carbide Chemicals And Plastics Company Inc. | Vacuum guide used in flexible sheet material treatment |
| JPH0653972B2 (en) * | 1986-11-06 | 1994-07-20 | 東レ株式会社 | Guide oil supply device for running yarn |
| US5168731A (en) * | 1991-04-15 | 1992-12-08 | Laura M. A. Vidalis | Continuous foam dyeing apparatus and method |
| DE4418144A1 (en) * | 1994-05-25 | 1995-11-30 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Device for loading a sheet of thread with liquid |
| US10262880B2 (en) | 2013-02-19 | 2019-04-16 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Cover plate for wind mark control in spin coating process |
| CN106132564B (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2019-12-20 | 东京毅力科创株式会社 | Cover plate for defect control in spin coating |
| CN114908447B (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2023-04-11 | 浙江鸿屹智能装备科技有限公司 | Elasticizer capable of oiling uniformly and efficiently |
-
1973
- 1973-11-28 DE DE19732359276 patent/DE2359276C3/en not_active Expired
-
1974
- 1974-11-25 GB GB5086374A patent/GB1478480A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-11-26 DD DD18258574A patent/DD116267A5/xx unknown
- 1974-11-26 AT AT947174A patent/AT350497B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-11-26 IT IT2982474A patent/IT1026508B/en active
- 1974-11-26 CA CA214,620A patent/CA1085121A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-11-26 LU LU71360A patent/LU71360A1/xx unknown
- 1974-11-26 NL NL7415417A patent/NL7415417A/en unknown
- 1974-11-27 JP JP13563374A patent/JPS5083600A/ja active Pending
- 1974-11-27 BE BE150892A patent/BE822641A/en unknown
- 1974-11-27 DK DK616574A patent/DK616574A/da unknown
- 1974-11-27 IE IE243974A patent/IE40250B1/en unknown
- 1974-11-27 ES ES432349A patent/ES432349A1/en not_active Expired
- 1974-11-28 FR FR7439056A patent/FR2252435B1/fr not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES432349A1 (en) | 1977-02-16 |
| IE40250L (en) | 1975-05-28 |
| LU71360A1 (en) | 1975-08-20 |
| JPS5083600A (en) | 1975-07-05 |
| FR2252435B1 (en) | 1980-07-04 |
| BE822641A (en) | 1975-05-27 |
| AT350497B (en) | 1979-06-11 |
| DK616574A (en) | 1975-07-28 |
| ATA947174A (en) | 1978-11-15 |
| NL7415417A (en) | 1975-05-30 |
| FR2252435A1 (en) | 1975-06-20 |
| DE2359276C3 (en) | 1979-11-08 |
| DE2359276B2 (en) | 1979-03-22 |
| IE40250B1 (en) | 1979-04-11 |
| IT1026508B (en) | 1978-10-20 |
| GB1478480A (en) | 1977-06-29 |
| DE2359276A1 (en) | 1975-06-05 |
| DD116267A5 (en) | 1975-11-12 |
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