CA1082093A - Method and apparatus for burning fuel oil by the utilization of high temperature water vapor - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for burning fuel oil by the utilization of high temperature water vaporInfo
- Publication number
- CA1082093A CA1082093A CA275,639A CA275639A CA1082093A CA 1082093 A CA1082093 A CA 1082093A CA 275639 A CA275639 A CA 275639A CA 1082093 A CA1082093 A CA 1082093A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- water vapor
- high temperature
- burner
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
- F23D11/18—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour the gaseous medium being water vapour generated at the nozzle
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
- Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
Abstract
APPARATUS FOR BURNING FUEL OIL BY UTILIZATION
OF HIGH TEMPERATURE WATER VAPOR
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An apparatus for burning fuel oil is provided wherein complete combustion can be obtained resulting in less generation of injurious gas and economization of fuel.
Water is heated by the heat of burning fuel oil to pro-duce high temperature water vapor. The resultant high temperature water vapor is in its turn utilized to con-tinue burning of fuel oil and production of high tempe-rature water vapor.
OF HIGH TEMPERATURE WATER VAPOR
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An apparatus for burning fuel oil is provided wherein complete combustion can be obtained resulting in less generation of injurious gas and economization of fuel.
Water is heated by the heat of burning fuel oil to pro-duce high temperature water vapor. The resultant high temperature water vapor is in its turn utilized to con-tinue burning of fuel oil and production of high tempe-rature water vapor.
Description
`~ 108Z093 This invention relates to an apparatus for burning fuel oil, such as heavy oil.
In the combustion of fuel oil with air, a substantial amount of toxic nitrogen oxide is generated, because of the presence of the air, but if high temperature water -vapor is supplied to the fuel oil in place of the air, the amount of toxic nitrogen oxide generated in the combustion of the fuel oil can be substantially reduced. The reason for this is that in the combustion of fuel oil with high temperature water vapor, the nitrogen contained in the fuel oil is in an amount as small as 1.1% of the total amount of fuel oil employed and compared with the nitrogen contained in air when this is used.
Needless to say, the fuel oil should be economically utilized, and to this end, the oil should be perfectly burned to eliminate waste. For this purpose, it has been proposed that the ingredients of the fuel oil be burned at a high temperature. But, in order to obtain a high temperature, additional fuel other than the fuel oil -~
should be employed, which increases the fuel cost. In the combustion of fuel oil with air, toxic nitrogen oxide is inevitably generated in a substantial amount, but if a high temperature is generated by the use of high temperature water vapor in place of the air, no additional fuel for generating the high temperature is required.
For effective utilization of water vapor for burning fuel oil, the water vapor is required to be as high in ! temperature as possible, e.g. 850C. or more.
In view of the above, an object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus for burning fuel oil which
In the combustion of fuel oil with air, a substantial amount of toxic nitrogen oxide is generated, because of the presence of the air, but if high temperature water -vapor is supplied to the fuel oil in place of the air, the amount of toxic nitrogen oxide generated in the combustion of the fuel oil can be substantially reduced. The reason for this is that in the combustion of fuel oil with high temperature water vapor, the nitrogen contained in the fuel oil is in an amount as small as 1.1% of the total amount of fuel oil employed and compared with the nitrogen contained in air when this is used.
Needless to say, the fuel oil should be economically utilized, and to this end, the oil should be perfectly burned to eliminate waste. For this purpose, it has been proposed that the ingredients of the fuel oil be burned at a high temperature. But, in order to obtain a high temperature, additional fuel other than the fuel oil -~
should be employed, which increases the fuel cost. In the combustion of fuel oil with air, toxic nitrogen oxide is inevitably generated in a substantial amount, but if a high temperature is generated by the use of high temperature water vapor in place of the air, no additional fuel for generating the high temperature is required.
For effective utilization of water vapor for burning fuel oil, the water vapor is required to be as high in ! temperature as possible, e.g. 850C. or more.
In view of the above, an object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus for burning fuel oil which
- 2 -~, , -~ 108Z093 is economical and low in the generation of injurious gases.
According to the invention there is provided an apparatus for burning fuel oil, comprising a combustion chamber; a burner disposed at one end of said combustion chamber, said burner having a fuel pipe located centrally within and spaced from a casing to define a passageway for high temperature water vapor around said fuel pipe, both said fuel pipe and said passageway communicating with an outlet at one end of said burner; a conical wall extending into said combustion chamber from said outlet and diverg-ing in a direction away from said outlet towards said combustion chamber; a helical water vapor generation pipe disposed in said chamber in front of said burner, said helical pipe having an axis at right angles to the longitudinal axis of said burner; a pipe connecting said helical pipe to said passageway; a pipe connected to said helical pipe for conveying-water thereto; a pipe for con-veying air under pressure to said passageway; valve means in said pipe for conveying air; and valve means in said pipe connecting said helical pipe to said passageway;
wherein, by suitable manipulation of said valve means, air alone can be supplied to said passageway during starting of said apparatus, and later the supply of air can be terminated and replaced by a supply of steam from said helical pipe for normal operation of said apparatus.
The conical wall surrounding the burner outlet helps to ensure that the stream of fuel oil is enclosed by the high temperature water vapor by suitably guiding the emission of water vapor.
The spouted fuel oil, together with the surrounding high temperature water vapor, strikes against . ~. .
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~(~8Z093 a helical water vapor generation pipe, which i~ disposed ahead of the conical peripheral wall, in a derection perpendicular to the helix of the water vapor generation pipe. Mixing of air into the spouted fuel oil can be small until the fuel oil reaches near the combustion re-gion around the water vapor generation pipe. In the com-bustion region, the fuel oil is burnt to heat water vapor in the water vapor generation pipe to a high temperature, the resultant high temperature water vapor being supplied to the burner.
In case of burning fuel oil with the use of water vapor, it is necessary, in the initial period of burning, to feed air to start burning. According to the invention, both of an air feed pipe and a water vapor supply pipe are connected to the burner. In the initial period of burning, air is fed to start burning and continue burning ~ ;
until desired high temperature water vapor is produced by heat of the burning. Upon generation of such high tempe- -rature water vapor, this high temperature water vapor, in its turn, takes the place of the air thereby to continue burning thereafter.
With the apparatus of the invention, continuous supply of high temperature water vapor is possible by the utiliza-tion of high temperature water vapor without the use of any other fuel. Further, amount of air required for burning -- 4 _ lQ8Z093 fuel oil ix small resulting in less generation of in-jurious substances such as carbon monoxide and nitric compounds. Further, since combustion i9 effected under the heat of the high temperature water vapor, complete combustion can be obtained.
Combustion with air can be switched over to combus-tion with high tem~erature water vapor in a continous manner, and accordingly manipulation for operation i8 sim-ple.
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein preferred embodiments are illustrated by way of example.
BRIEF D~SCRIPTION OF T~ DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus of the invention which is a~plied to a heavy oil boiler;
Fig. 2 is a side view, partially in section, showing the relationship between the burner and the high tempera-ture water vapor generation pipe in the apparatus;
Fig. ~ is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus of Fig. 1 as viewed from backward;
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the burner;
Fig. 5 is a front view of the burner of Fig. 4; and Fig. 6 is a side sectional view illustrating another embodiment.
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~82093 In the drawings~
A : Heavy oil boiler, B : Burner, C : Wind ~rum, 1 : Drum body of boiler, 2 : Combustion chamber,
According to the invention there is provided an apparatus for burning fuel oil, comprising a combustion chamber; a burner disposed at one end of said combustion chamber, said burner having a fuel pipe located centrally within and spaced from a casing to define a passageway for high temperature water vapor around said fuel pipe, both said fuel pipe and said passageway communicating with an outlet at one end of said burner; a conical wall extending into said combustion chamber from said outlet and diverg-ing in a direction away from said outlet towards said combustion chamber; a helical water vapor generation pipe disposed in said chamber in front of said burner, said helical pipe having an axis at right angles to the longitudinal axis of said burner; a pipe connecting said helical pipe to said passageway; a pipe connected to said helical pipe for conveying-water thereto; a pipe for con-veying air under pressure to said passageway; valve means in said pipe for conveying air; and valve means in said pipe connecting said helical pipe to said passageway;
wherein, by suitable manipulation of said valve means, air alone can be supplied to said passageway during starting of said apparatus, and later the supply of air can be terminated and replaced by a supply of steam from said helical pipe for normal operation of said apparatus.
The conical wall surrounding the burner outlet helps to ensure that the stream of fuel oil is enclosed by the high temperature water vapor by suitably guiding the emission of water vapor.
The spouted fuel oil, together with the surrounding high temperature water vapor, strikes against . ~. .
':' - ' . .
~(~8Z093 a helical water vapor generation pipe, which i~ disposed ahead of the conical peripheral wall, in a derection perpendicular to the helix of the water vapor generation pipe. Mixing of air into the spouted fuel oil can be small until the fuel oil reaches near the combustion re-gion around the water vapor generation pipe. In the com-bustion region, the fuel oil is burnt to heat water vapor in the water vapor generation pipe to a high temperature, the resultant high temperature water vapor being supplied to the burner.
In case of burning fuel oil with the use of water vapor, it is necessary, in the initial period of burning, to feed air to start burning. According to the invention, both of an air feed pipe and a water vapor supply pipe are connected to the burner. In the initial period of burning, air is fed to start burning and continue burning ~ ;
until desired high temperature water vapor is produced by heat of the burning. Upon generation of such high tempe- -rature water vapor, this high temperature water vapor, in its turn, takes the place of the air thereby to continue burning thereafter.
With the apparatus of the invention, continuous supply of high temperature water vapor is possible by the utiliza-tion of high temperature water vapor without the use of any other fuel. Further, amount of air required for burning -- 4 _ lQ8Z093 fuel oil ix small resulting in less generation of in-jurious substances such as carbon monoxide and nitric compounds. Further, since combustion i9 effected under the heat of the high temperature water vapor, complete combustion can be obtained.
Combustion with air can be switched over to combus-tion with high tem~erature water vapor in a continous manner, and accordingly manipulation for operation i8 sim-ple.
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein preferred embodiments are illustrated by way of example.
BRIEF D~SCRIPTION OF T~ DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus of the invention which is a~plied to a heavy oil boiler;
Fig. 2 is a side view, partially in section, showing the relationship between the burner and the high tempera-ture water vapor generation pipe in the apparatus;
Fig. ~ is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus of Fig. 1 as viewed from backward;
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the burner;
Fig. 5 is a front view of the burner of Fig. 4; and Fig. 6 is a side sectional view illustrating another embodiment.
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~82093 In the drawings~
A : Heavy oil boiler, B : Burner, C : Wind ~rum, 1 : Drum body of boiler, 2 : Combustion chamber,
3 : High temperature water vapor generation pipe, 6 : Water conduit, 7 : Second water tank, 8 : High temperature water vapor supply pipe, 9 : First water tank, ` 14 : Air feed pipe, 22 : Burner base plate, 23 : Conical peripheral wall, 24 : Oil conduit, 30 : Air feed pipe, 32 : Wind tunnel for sending air to combustion chamber, 35 : Hea~y oil spout pipe, 41 : Inner nozzle cap for spouting vaporized heavy oil, 42 : Outer cylinder of burner~
43 : Space forming passageway for air and high temperature water vapor, 44 : Outer nozzle cap, and 46 : Mediate nozzle cap.
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DETAIL~D DESCRIPTION OF TH~ PR~RRED EMBODI~;hT
~he embodiments show the apparatus of the invention applied t.o a boiler utilizing heavy oil. In the drawing, the symbol A indicats a boiler utilizing heavy oil, and the s~mbol B indicates a heavy oil burner. A combustion chamber 2, which is located at the front end of a drum 1 of the boiler A, is provided with a pipe 3 for generating high temperature water vapor. An end portion of the pipe 3 is led outward passing through a front panel 4 of the combustion chamber 2 and is connected to a water feed pipe 5 which is connected through a water conduit 6 to a second water tank 7. The other end of the vapor generation pipe 3 is connected to a pipe 8, which is adapted to feed high temperature water vapor and is connected at an end thereof to the burner B. Thus, water, which is fed from the second wster tank 7 to become vapor, can be vaporized in the com- . ;
bustion chamber 2, and be heated, during passing through the high temperature water vapor generation pipe 3~ to a - high temperature by fire flame blown thereto from the burner B, and be sent to the burner B. In the initial :
period of burning~ water vapor, which is generated in the water vapor generation pipe, is not so high in temperature, and then gradually becomes higher in temperature with elapse of time.
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`~ . ' ' ' ' ' '~ ' . ' -` 1()~20g3 Water used for generating water vapor is fed from a first water tank 9 to the second water tank 7. The first water tank 9 and the second water tank 7 are interconnected to each other through the water conduit 6 which is pro-vided with hand-operated valves lOa, lOb and a gasket pump 11. The second water tank 7 is, at its top, connected to a compressor 15 through an air feed pipe 14 which is provided with a filter 12 and a reducing valve 13b. The second water tank 7 is, at its bottom, also connected to the water concuit 6 which is, in its medial portion, pro-vided with hand-operated valves lOc, lOd, a catch valve 16, an oil pressure gauge 17, a water meter 18, a water pressure gauge 19, an automatic regulator having an auto-matic electromagnetic valve. The water conduit 6 passes through the front panel 2 of the combustion chamber, and is connected to the high temperature water vapor genera-tion pipe 3 provided in the combustion chamber 2. Thus, water, while being sent from the exterior water tank through the water conduit 6 to the combustion chamber 2~ -can be regulated if flow rate and be fed into the high temperature water vapor generation pipe 3.
On the front panel 4 is secured, through a support plate 21, a burner base plate 22 which supports the burner B with its top end being directed toward the interior of the combustion chamber 2. On the back side of the support ~; ~" ~ .
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`~ ll)~Z~93 plate 21 is provided a conical peripheral wall 23 with its center axis line a being conicident with the axis line of the burner B. The conical peripheral wall 23 ~preads lik~ an unfolded fun toward its inner end. The high tem-perature water vapor generation pipe 3 has a helical shape, each turn of the helix being fixed to securing rods 3' for enforcement so that the helix may not be deformed by heat. The vapor generation pipe 3 is provided with a by-pass pipe 3". Accordingly, the vapor passageway in the pipe 3 will be divided into two by the by-pass pipe 3"
and then the divided passageways will join together into `-one again, so that water vapor generated in the pipe 3 -can be sent to the burner ~ at a regulated fixed speed of current. The water vapor generation pipe 3 is disposed in the combustion`chamber 2 in the diametrical direction of the chamber, with the axis line of the heli-cal pipe 3 intersecting the extention of the center axis line a of the peripheral wall 23 (as shown by dotted line in Fig. 6) at a right angle.
A oil conduit 24, which is provided for sending heavy oil from a heavy oil service tank to the burner B, includes in its medial portion an automatic regulation device 28 consisting of parallel piles having a heavy oil heater 25, a pump 26, an oil pressure gauge 27 and an automatic electromagnetic valve. The oil conduit 24 is, at an end ', _ 9 _ ' ~1 ~
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"``-` ` ~08Z093 thereof~ connected to the burner B. The oil conduit 24 is also provided with a by-pass pipe 24' which dose not include any of a heater, a pump, etc., so that adequately regulated heavy oil can be automatically fed to the burner B.
In the initial period of burning~ since water vapor - of a required temperature cannot be obtained, air is u~ed to begin burning. This air is fed to the burner B through an air feed pipe 30 by means of a blower 31 to burn heavy oil which is spouting from the burner. The burning flame is blown against the high temperature wate,r vapor genera-tion pipe 3 thereby to vaporize water ~hich is fed in the pipe 3. With such burning being continued, water vapor generated in the pipe can be heated gradually to a higher temperature of 850C or more (in about 5 mi~utes). Upon such high temperature being reached, the resultant high temperature water vapor takes, by means of switchover action of a hand-operated valve, the place of the air to continue burning.
In front of the combustion chamber 2 is provided a wind drum C which is communicated through a wind tunnel 32 to a blower 33 provided outside of the drum C. Thus, air can be fed from the blower 33 through the wind drum ~ -C to the combustion chamber 2. ~-- lQ -' 'Z093 Fig. 6 shows a construction for swirling air, which is fed from the wind drum C to the combustion chamber 2, into a helical form. On the inner surface of an air inlet port 4', which surrounds the end portion of the peripheral wall 23, are provided a plurality of slanted guide blades 49 in a side-by-side relationship with respect to one another. Air~ which jets from the wind drum C, is swirled by the guide blades 49 into a helical form and enclosed therein vaporized fuel oil which passes straight together with high temperature water vapor surrounding the vaporized fuel oil~ thus the fluids being blown against the water vapor generation pipe in a swirling fashion.
The construction shown in Fig. 2 does not have such air inlet port as the above. However, by providing a plurality of slanted through holes, in a side-by-side re-lationship with respect to one another, between the wind drum C and the combustion chamber 2, substantially same effect as in the construction of ~ig. 6 can be obtained.
As shown in Fig. 4, the burner B has a base block 34 which i~ provided~ along the center axis thereof, with a heavy oil spout pipe 35 and a knob 39 attached thereto for regulating oil flow. An outer cylinder 42 is provided to surround the spout pipe 35 with a space 43 therebetween.
The spout pipe 35 is held to the base block 34 by means of a thread 36, and can be moved forward Qnd backward by . : '.
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1()82093 action of the knob 39. The oil conduit 24 is connected to the base block 34. In the sp~ut pipe 35 is formed a transverse or cross hole 37 which makes communication between the center hole of the spout pipe 35 and a commu-nication gap 38 formed between the inner surface of the base block 34 and the outer surface of the spout pipe 35, thus the oil conduit 24 communicating with the center hole of the spout pipe 35 thereby to allow heavy oil fed from the oil conduit 24 to spout out of the top of the spout pipe 35. On the top of the spout pipe 35 is thread-engaged an inner ~ozzle cap 41 having a jet hole 40 formed therein, and thus heavy oil, which has passed through the spout pipe ~5, can be Jetted out from the jet hole 40 of the nozzle cap 41. Around the top portion of the spout pipe 35 is adjustably thread-engaged a conical mediate nozzle cap 46 by means of a boss 45 located there-between. On the top of the outer cylinder 42 i8 thread-engaged a conical outer nozzle cap 44. By adjustingly moving the outer nozzle cap 44 and the mediate nozzle cap 46 forward and backward with respect to each other, gaps between the inner nozzle cap 41 and the mediate nozzle cap 46 and between the mediate nozzle cap 46 and the outer .
nozzle cap 44 can be varied. To the side of the outer -cyllnder 42 are connected the high temperature water ~apor supply pipe 8 and the air feed pipe 3O in communication ' .. , ' `~:
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" 1~)8Z()93 with the space 43 formed betwwwn the spout pipe 35 and the outer cylinder 42 so that air or high temperature water vapor may be spout. Around the spout pipe 35 is provided a spacing tube 48 to form a small gap 47 there-between for preventing over-heating of heavy oil flowing through the center hole of the spout pipe 35.
The peripheral wall 23 has, as described above, the conical shape which spreads wider toward the inner end thereof. Accordingly9 vaporized heavy oil spouting out from the jet hole passes, in the form of a thin stream, the central portion of the hole, and high temperature water vapor, which spouts out around the stream of spout-ing vaporized heavy oil, encloses therein the heavy oil, and both fluids rush toward the high temperature water vapor generation pipe 3 in the direction perpendicular to the center axis of the helix of the pipe 3 to strike against the water vapor generation pipe 3.
As will be understood from the above, according to the invention~ fuel oil is enclosed with high temperature water vapor even after the oil has spouted out of the burner, and accordingly contact of the oil with air will be small. The spouted oil strikes against the water vapor generation pipe in the combustion region, and is dispersed together with the high temperature water vapor.
~ Accordingly, generation of injurious gas due to air is ::
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1~82093 small. Further, complete combustion obtained by the high temperature permits economization of fuel as well as less generation of injurious gas. In the initial period of burning, air is fed for burning, but, when high tempera-ture water vapor is produced by such burning with air, - this high temperature water vapor then takes the place Or the air to continue burning thereafter. Accordingly, fuel for rising temperature of water vapor i8 not required~
and manipulation for operation can be simplified.
10While~ in the above, heavy oil has been used as fuel oil, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to this.
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43 : Space forming passageway for air and high temperature water vapor, 44 : Outer nozzle cap, and 46 : Mediate nozzle cap.
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DETAIL~D DESCRIPTION OF TH~ PR~RRED EMBODI~;hT
~he embodiments show the apparatus of the invention applied t.o a boiler utilizing heavy oil. In the drawing, the symbol A indicats a boiler utilizing heavy oil, and the s~mbol B indicates a heavy oil burner. A combustion chamber 2, which is located at the front end of a drum 1 of the boiler A, is provided with a pipe 3 for generating high temperature water vapor. An end portion of the pipe 3 is led outward passing through a front panel 4 of the combustion chamber 2 and is connected to a water feed pipe 5 which is connected through a water conduit 6 to a second water tank 7. The other end of the vapor generation pipe 3 is connected to a pipe 8, which is adapted to feed high temperature water vapor and is connected at an end thereof to the burner B. Thus, water, which is fed from the second wster tank 7 to become vapor, can be vaporized in the com- . ;
bustion chamber 2, and be heated, during passing through the high temperature water vapor generation pipe 3~ to a - high temperature by fire flame blown thereto from the burner B, and be sent to the burner B. In the initial :
period of burning~ water vapor, which is generated in the water vapor generation pipe, is not so high in temperature, and then gradually becomes higher in temperature with elapse of time.
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`~ . ' ' ' ' ' '~ ' . ' -` 1()~20g3 Water used for generating water vapor is fed from a first water tank 9 to the second water tank 7. The first water tank 9 and the second water tank 7 are interconnected to each other through the water conduit 6 which is pro-vided with hand-operated valves lOa, lOb and a gasket pump 11. The second water tank 7 is, at its top, connected to a compressor 15 through an air feed pipe 14 which is provided with a filter 12 and a reducing valve 13b. The second water tank 7 is, at its bottom, also connected to the water concuit 6 which is, in its medial portion, pro-vided with hand-operated valves lOc, lOd, a catch valve 16, an oil pressure gauge 17, a water meter 18, a water pressure gauge 19, an automatic regulator having an auto-matic electromagnetic valve. The water conduit 6 passes through the front panel 2 of the combustion chamber, and is connected to the high temperature water vapor genera-tion pipe 3 provided in the combustion chamber 2. Thus, water, while being sent from the exterior water tank through the water conduit 6 to the combustion chamber 2~ -can be regulated if flow rate and be fed into the high temperature water vapor generation pipe 3.
On the front panel 4 is secured, through a support plate 21, a burner base plate 22 which supports the burner B with its top end being directed toward the interior of the combustion chamber 2. On the back side of the support ~; ~" ~ .
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`~ ll)~Z~93 plate 21 is provided a conical peripheral wall 23 with its center axis line a being conicident with the axis line of the burner B. The conical peripheral wall 23 ~preads lik~ an unfolded fun toward its inner end. The high tem-perature water vapor generation pipe 3 has a helical shape, each turn of the helix being fixed to securing rods 3' for enforcement so that the helix may not be deformed by heat. The vapor generation pipe 3 is provided with a by-pass pipe 3". Accordingly, the vapor passageway in the pipe 3 will be divided into two by the by-pass pipe 3"
and then the divided passageways will join together into `-one again, so that water vapor generated in the pipe 3 -can be sent to the burner ~ at a regulated fixed speed of current. The water vapor generation pipe 3 is disposed in the combustion`chamber 2 in the diametrical direction of the chamber, with the axis line of the heli-cal pipe 3 intersecting the extention of the center axis line a of the peripheral wall 23 (as shown by dotted line in Fig. 6) at a right angle.
A oil conduit 24, which is provided for sending heavy oil from a heavy oil service tank to the burner B, includes in its medial portion an automatic regulation device 28 consisting of parallel piles having a heavy oil heater 25, a pump 26, an oil pressure gauge 27 and an automatic electromagnetic valve. The oil conduit 24 is, at an end ', _ 9 _ ' ~1 ~
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"``-` ` ~08Z093 thereof~ connected to the burner B. The oil conduit 24 is also provided with a by-pass pipe 24' which dose not include any of a heater, a pump, etc., so that adequately regulated heavy oil can be automatically fed to the burner B.
In the initial period of burning~ since water vapor - of a required temperature cannot be obtained, air is u~ed to begin burning. This air is fed to the burner B through an air feed pipe 30 by means of a blower 31 to burn heavy oil which is spouting from the burner. The burning flame is blown against the high temperature wate,r vapor genera-tion pipe 3 thereby to vaporize water ~hich is fed in the pipe 3. With such burning being continued, water vapor generated in the pipe can be heated gradually to a higher temperature of 850C or more (in about 5 mi~utes). Upon such high temperature being reached, the resultant high temperature water vapor takes, by means of switchover action of a hand-operated valve, the place of the air to continue burning.
In front of the combustion chamber 2 is provided a wind drum C which is communicated through a wind tunnel 32 to a blower 33 provided outside of the drum C. Thus, air can be fed from the blower 33 through the wind drum ~ -C to the combustion chamber 2. ~-- lQ -' 'Z093 Fig. 6 shows a construction for swirling air, which is fed from the wind drum C to the combustion chamber 2, into a helical form. On the inner surface of an air inlet port 4', which surrounds the end portion of the peripheral wall 23, are provided a plurality of slanted guide blades 49 in a side-by-side relationship with respect to one another. Air~ which jets from the wind drum C, is swirled by the guide blades 49 into a helical form and enclosed therein vaporized fuel oil which passes straight together with high temperature water vapor surrounding the vaporized fuel oil~ thus the fluids being blown against the water vapor generation pipe in a swirling fashion.
The construction shown in Fig. 2 does not have such air inlet port as the above. However, by providing a plurality of slanted through holes, in a side-by-side re-lationship with respect to one another, between the wind drum C and the combustion chamber 2, substantially same effect as in the construction of ~ig. 6 can be obtained.
As shown in Fig. 4, the burner B has a base block 34 which i~ provided~ along the center axis thereof, with a heavy oil spout pipe 35 and a knob 39 attached thereto for regulating oil flow. An outer cylinder 42 is provided to surround the spout pipe 35 with a space 43 therebetween.
The spout pipe 35 is held to the base block 34 by means of a thread 36, and can be moved forward Qnd backward by . : '.
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1()82093 action of the knob 39. The oil conduit 24 is connected to the base block 34. In the sp~ut pipe 35 is formed a transverse or cross hole 37 which makes communication between the center hole of the spout pipe 35 and a commu-nication gap 38 formed between the inner surface of the base block 34 and the outer surface of the spout pipe 35, thus the oil conduit 24 communicating with the center hole of the spout pipe 35 thereby to allow heavy oil fed from the oil conduit 24 to spout out of the top of the spout pipe 35. On the top of the spout pipe 35 is thread-engaged an inner ~ozzle cap 41 having a jet hole 40 formed therein, and thus heavy oil, which has passed through the spout pipe ~5, can be Jetted out from the jet hole 40 of the nozzle cap 41. Around the top portion of the spout pipe 35 is adjustably thread-engaged a conical mediate nozzle cap 46 by means of a boss 45 located there-between. On the top of the outer cylinder 42 i8 thread-engaged a conical outer nozzle cap 44. By adjustingly moving the outer nozzle cap 44 and the mediate nozzle cap 46 forward and backward with respect to each other, gaps between the inner nozzle cap 41 and the mediate nozzle cap 46 and between the mediate nozzle cap 46 and the outer .
nozzle cap 44 can be varied. To the side of the outer -cyllnder 42 are connected the high temperature water ~apor supply pipe 8 and the air feed pipe 3O in communication ' .. , ' `~:
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" 1~)8Z()93 with the space 43 formed betwwwn the spout pipe 35 and the outer cylinder 42 so that air or high temperature water vapor may be spout. Around the spout pipe 35 is provided a spacing tube 48 to form a small gap 47 there-between for preventing over-heating of heavy oil flowing through the center hole of the spout pipe 35.
The peripheral wall 23 has, as described above, the conical shape which spreads wider toward the inner end thereof. Accordingly9 vaporized heavy oil spouting out from the jet hole passes, in the form of a thin stream, the central portion of the hole, and high temperature water vapor, which spouts out around the stream of spout-ing vaporized heavy oil, encloses therein the heavy oil, and both fluids rush toward the high temperature water vapor generation pipe 3 in the direction perpendicular to the center axis of the helix of the pipe 3 to strike against the water vapor generation pipe 3.
As will be understood from the above, according to the invention~ fuel oil is enclosed with high temperature water vapor even after the oil has spouted out of the burner, and accordingly contact of the oil with air will be small. The spouted oil strikes against the water vapor generation pipe in the combustion region, and is dispersed together with the high temperature water vapor.
~ Accordingly, generation of injurious gas due to air is ::
~ ` .. ~
. ,. - :
1~82093 small. Further, complete combustion obtained by the high temperature permits economization of fuel as well as less generation of injurious gas. In the initial period of burning, air is fed for burning, but, when high tempera-ture water vapor is produced by such burning with air, - this high temperature water vapor then takes the place Or the air to continue burning thereafter. Accordingly, fuel for rising temperature of water vapor i8 not required~
and manipulation for operation can be simplified.
10While~ in the above, heavy oil has been used as fuel oil, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to this.
: -- 14 --~ .
'~ ~'.' ~"" ' ', .
Claims
1. An apparatus for burning fuel oil, comprising a combustion chamber;
a burner disposed at one end of said combustion chamber, said burner having a fuel pipe located centrally within and spaced from a casing to define a passageway for high temperature water vapor around said fuel pipe, both said fuel pipe and said passageway communicating with an outlet at one end of said burner;
a conical wall extending into said combustion chamber from said outlet and diverging in a direction away from said outlet towards said combustion chamber;
a helical water vapor generation pipe disposed in said chamber in front of said burner, said helical pipe having an axis at right angles to the longitudinal axis of said burner;
a pipe connecting said helical pipe to said passageway;
a pipe connected to said helical pipe for conveying water thereto;
a pipe for conveying air under pressure to said passageway;
valve means in said pipe for conveying air; and valve means in said pipe connecting said helical pipe to said passageway;
wherein, by suitable manipulation of said valve means, air alone can be supplied to said passageway during starting of said apparatus, and later the supply of air can be terminated and replaced by a supply of steam from said helical pipe for normal operation of said apparatus.
a burner disposed at one end of said combustion chamber, said burner having a fuel pipe located centrally within and spaced from a casing to define a passageway for high temperature water vapor around said fuel pipe, both said fuel pipe and said passageway communicating with an outlet at one end of said burner;
a conical wall extending into said combustion chamber from said outlet and diverging in a direction away from said outlet towards said combustion chamber;
a helical water vapor generation pipe disposed in said chamber in front of said burner, said helical pipe having an axis at right angles to the longitudinal axis of said burner;
a pipe connecting said helical pipe to said passageway;
a pipe connected to said helical pipe for conveying water thereto;
a pipe for conveying air under pressure to said passageway;
valve means in said pipe for conveying air; and valve means in said pipe connecting said helical pipe to said passageway;
wherein, by suitable manipulation of said valve means, air alone can be supplied to said passageway during starting of said apparatus, and later the supply of air can be terminated and replaced by a supply of steam from said helical pipe for normal operation of said apparatus.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4107876A JPS52124232A (en) | 1976-04-12 | 1976-04-12 | Combustion method for fuel oil using high temperature steam and its device |
| JP41078/1976 | 1976-04-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1082093A true CA1082093A (en) | 1980-07-22 |
Family
ID=12598416
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA275,639A Expired CA1082093A (en) | 1976-04-12 | 1977-04-05 | Method and apparatus for burning fuel oil by the utilization of high temperature water vapor |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS52124232A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1082093A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2716053A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2392326A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1542011A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1082973B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7703639A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7703829L (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20030080606A (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2003-10-17 | 주식회사 지. 이. 테크 | burner of fuel oil |
| KR100839458B1 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2008-06-19 | 김병만 | The burning system of heavy oil and emulsion oil and emulsion of heavy oil |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE533238A (en) * | ||||
| US2178189A (en) * | 1938-11-29 | 1939-10-31 | Numa J Sonnier | Oil burning heater |
| US2576373A (en) * | 1947-11-07 | 1951-11-27 | Wetzel Frederick | Oil-burning boiler fire box with air and steam feeding means |
| FR1024917A (en) * | 1950-09-26 | 1953-04-08 | Apparatus for introducing water vapor into an igniting combustible jet |
-
1976
- 1976-04-12 JP JP4107876A patent/JPS52124232A/en active Pending
-
1977
- 1977-04-01 SE SE7703829A patent/SE7703829L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-04-01 GB GB1379877A patent/GB1542011A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-04-04 NL NL7703639A patent/NL7703639A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-04-05 CA CA275,639A patent/CA1082093A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-04-07 IT IT6776777A patent/IT1082973B/en active
- 1977-04-08 FR FR7710774A patent/FR2392326A1/en active Pending
- 1977-04-09 DE DE19772716053 patent/DE2716053A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2392326A1 (en) | 1978-12-22 |
| IT1082973B (en) | 1985-05-21 |
| SE7703829L (en) | 1977-10-13 |
| JPS52124232A (en) | 1977-10-19 |
| DE2716053A1 (en) | 1977-10-20 |
| GB1542011A (en) | 1979-03-14 |
| NL7703639A (en) | 1977-10-14 |
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