CA1078880A - Inhibitors for alkali-glass reactions in glass fiber reinforced cement products - Google Patents
Inhibitors for alkali-glass reactions in glass fiber reinforced cement productsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1078880A CA1078880A CA269,130A CA269130A CA1078880A CA 1078880 A CA1078880 A CA 1078880A CA 269130 A CA269130 A CA 269130A CA 1078880 A CA1078880 A CA 1078880A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- alkali
- glass
- binder
- scavenger material
- cement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 title description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011404 masonry cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910011255 B2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 calcined shale Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003868 ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013000 chemical inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FZFYOUJTOSBFPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dipotassium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+].[K+] FZFYOUJTOSBFPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011022 opal Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009528 severe injury Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/18—Longitudinally sectional layer of three or more sections
- Y10T428/183—Next to unitary sheet of equal or greater extent
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/705,884 US4090884A (en) | 1976-07-16 | 1976-07-16 | Inhibitors for alkali-glass reactions in glass fiber reinforced cement products |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1078880A true CA1078880A (en) | 1980-06-03 |
Family
ID=24835354
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA269,130A Expired CA1078880A (en) | 1976-07-16 | 1977-01-04 | Inhibitors for alkali-glass reactions in glass fiber reinforced cement products |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US4090884A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS5311918A (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU502534B2 (enExample) |
| BE (1) | BE853905A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1078880A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2702419A1 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES455638A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2358369A1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1516053A (enExample) |
| IL (1) | IL51202A (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1086755B (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MX145488A (enExample) |
| NZ (1) | NZ183026A (enExample) |
| PH (1) | PH12973A (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (40)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4289536A (en) * | 1978-10-25 | 1981-09-15 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Glass fiber reinforced cements and process for manufacture of same |
| WO1981000252A1 (en) * | 1979-07-13 | 1981-02-05 | Aalborg Portland Cement | Fiber-reinforced composite materials and shaped articles |
| LU82089A1 (fr) * | 1980-01-16 | 1981-09-10 | Sipac | Procede de preparation d'un echangeur de cations et procede d'utilisation de cet echangeur pour l'extraction de metaux de liquides |
| GB2091238B (en) * | 1981-01-16 | 1984-11-28 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Neutralising alkaline residues |
| JPS60134811A (ja) * | 1983-12-19 | 1985-07-18 | 冨士シ−ル工業株式会社 | 物品への軟質チユ−ブ装着方法および装置 |
| FR2575744B1 (fr) * | 1985-01-10 | 1991-10-25 | Inst Nat Sciences Appliq Lyon | Materiau composite pour la construction a base de pouzzolanes de synthese, et procede de fabrication |
| US5177924A (en) * | 1986-12-03 | 1993-01-12 | Stefan Kakuk | Lightweight building component |
| JPS63299048A (ja) * | 1987-05-29 | 1988-12-06 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 素電池の被覆方法とその装置 |
| EP0308240B1 (en) * | 1987-09-17 | 1992-06-17 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Glass fiber composite |
| DE3832015C1 (en) * | 1988-09-16 | 1990-01-11 | Wolfgang Dipl.-Chem. Dr. 1000 Berlin De Ortlepp | Fibre-reinforced inorganic moulding |
| US4935301A (en) * | 1988-12-16 | 1990-06-19 | Exxon Research And Engineering Compnay | Coated glass fiber composites |
| DE3932908C2 (de) * | 1989-09-30 | 1998-09-10 | Mci Sa | Glasfaserverstärkter Zement oder Beton |
| US5334242A (en) * | 1992-05-04 | 1994-08-02 | Toole Mark J O | Baking stone and method of manufacture thereof |
| DE4220274C2 (de) * | 1992-06-20 | 1997-08-21 | Hans Jaklin | Gegen Abplatzungen bei Brandbeanspruchung beständiges Bauteil |
| US5580409A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1996-12-03 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Methods for manufacturing articles of manufacture from hydraulically settable sheets |
| US5631097A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1997-05-20 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Laminate insulation barriers having a cementitious structural matrix and methods for their manufacture |
| US5830548A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1998-11-03 | E. Khashoggi Industries, Llc | Articles of manufacture and methods for manufacturing laminate structures including inorganically filled sheets |
| NZ314299A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1998-08-26 | E | Containers formed from a hydraulically settable mixture including a binder, a rheology-modifying agent, fibres and water |
| US5641584A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1997-06-24 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Highly insulative cementitious matrices and methods for their manufacture |
| US5665439A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1997-09-09 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Articles of manufacture fashioned from hydraulically settable sheets |
| US5453310A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1995-09-26 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Cementitious materials for use in packaging containers and their methods of manufacture |
| US5720913A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1998-02-24 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Methods for manufacturing sheets from hydraulically settable compositions |
| AU7643794A (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1995-05-22 | Union Oil Company Of California | Glass fiber reinforced cement liners for pipelines and casings |
| JPH08510970A (ja) * | 1994-02-07 | 1996-11-19 | イー・カショーギ・インダストリーズ | 水硬性筒およびその製法 |
| US5803960A (en) * | 1997-01-17 | 1998-09-08 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Glass formula for avoiding ASR |
| US5810921A (en) * | 1997-03-03 | 1998-09-22 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Use of waste glass in concrete |
| US6190450B1 (en) | 1998-09-09 | 2001-02-20 | O'toole Mark J. | Baking stone and composition for making the same |
| WO2000044686A1 (en) * | 1999-01-27 | 2000-08-03 | Weihua Jin | Artificial stone employing waste glass |
| US6699321B2 (en) | 1999-11-10 | 2004-03-02 | Glasflo Products, Inc. | Concrete composition |
| US6344081B1 (en) | 1999-11-10 | 2002-02-05 | Glasflo Products, Inc. | Concrete composition |
| US6500254B1 (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2002-12-31 | Fmc Corporation | Cements including lithium glass compositions |
| US7141284B2 (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2006-11-28 | Saint-Gobain Technical Fabrics Canada, Ltd. | Drywall tape and joint |
| US7311964B2 (en) * | 2002-07-30 | 2007-12-25 | Saint-Gobain Technical Fabrics Canada, Ltd. | Inorganic matrix-fabric system and method |
| US7700017B2 (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2010-04-20 | Icestone Llc | Method for producing materials from recycled glass and cement compositions |
| DE10341393B3 (de) * | 2003-09-05 | 2004-09-23 | Pierburg Gmbh | Luftansaugkanalsystem für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine |
| US20060157244A1 (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-07-20 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Compositions comprising melt-processed inorganic fibers and methods of using such compositions |
| US7537054B2 (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2009-05-26 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Cement compositions comprising high aspect ratio materials and methods of use in subterranean formations |
| EP2072481A1 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-24 | Lafarge | Concrete composition |
| WO2009133564A2 (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2009-11-05 | Mohammed Azam Qureshi | Method, apparatus providing and selling (king stone) pre-mix glass fiber reinforced concrete |
| CN109476547A (zh) | 2016-05-24 | 2019-03-15 | 2581776 安大略公司 | 轻质混凝土配制物 |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2744831A (en) * | 1951-05-07 | 1956-05-08 | Lehigh Portland Cement Company | Inhibiting alkali reactivity of portland cement |
| US2860060A (en) * | 1956-03-06 | 1958-11-11 | American Marietta Co | Hydraulic cement additives and cement compositions containing same |
| US3038094A (en) * | 1958-11-10 | 1962-06-05 | Gen Electric | Ruggedized electric discharge device structure |
| US3373048A (en) * | 1964-06-23 | 1968-03-12 | Grace W R & Co | Hardening accelerated portland cement |
| US3429724A (en) * | 1965-10-21 | 1969-02-25 | Grace W R & Co | Cement set retarding composition |
| GB1402555A (en) * | 1971-08-05 | 1975-08-13 | Nat Res Dev | Fibre reinforced cement composites |
| US3663287A (en) * | 1969-11-04 | 1972-05-16 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Cement additive comprising calcium sulfo-aluminate, an organic adhesive, a foaming agent, and a dispersing agent |
| GB1421556A (en) * | 1973-03-13 | 1976-01-21 | Tac Construction Materials Ltd | Board products |
| JPS5328932B2 (enExample) * | 1973-05-21 | 1978-08-17 | ||
| JPS514217A (ja) * | 1974-07-01 | 1976-01-14 | Masao Mizoguchi | Sementoseihinno seishitsuokaizensuruhoho |
| GB1537501A (en) * | 1974-12-28 | 1978-12-29 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Compositions for forming hardened cement products and process for producing hardened cement products |
| US4002482A (en) * | 1975-02-14 | 1977-01-11 | Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Gen. | Glass compositions suitable for incorporation into concrete |
-
1976
- 1976-07-16 US US05/705,884 patent/US4090884A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1976-12-31 GB GB54533/76A patent/GB1516053A/en not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-01-03 IL IL51202A patent/IL51202A/xx unknown
- 1977-01-04 CA CA269,130A patent/CA1078880A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-01-05 AU AU21079/77A patent/AU502534B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-01-07 NZ NZ183026A patent/NZ183026A/xx unknown
- 1977-01-19 IT IT47713/77A patent/IT1086755B/it active
- 1977-01-21 DE DE19772702419 patent/DE2702419A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1977-02-04 ES ES455638A patent/ES455638A1/es not_active Expired
- 1977-03-10 JP JP2691877A patent/JPS5311918A/ja active Pending
- 1977-04-20 FR FR7711916A patent/FR2358369A1/fr active Granted
- 1977-04-25 BE BE176968A patent/BE853905A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-06-22 MX MX169571A patent/MX145488A/es unknown
- 1977-07-15 PH PH19998A patent/PH12973A/en unknown
- 1977-09-09 US US05/832,013 patent/US4115135A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IL51202A0 (en) | 1977-03-31 |
| ES455638A1 (es) | 1978-01-01 |
| AU502534B2 (en) | 1979-07-26 |
| IT1086755B (it) | 1985-05-31 |
| GB1516053A (en) | 1978-06-28 |
| IL51202A (en) | 1980-07-31 |
| MX145488A (es) | 1982-02-24 |
| AU2107977A (en) | 1978-07-13 |
| DE2702419A1 (de) | 1978-01-19 |
| US4090884A (en) | 1978-05-23 |
| PH12973A (en) | 1979-10-24 |
| NZ183026A (en) | 1978-04-28 |
| FR2358369B1 (enExample) | 1983-11-25 |
| US4115135A (en) | 1978-09-19 |
| JPS5311918A (en) | 1978-02-02 |
| FR2358369A1 (fr) | 1978-02-10 |
| BE853905A (fr) | 1977-08-16 |
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