CA1078167A - Graphite powder-polyphenylene mixtures and composites - Google Patents
Graphite powder-polyphenylene mixtures and compositesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1078167A CA1078167A CA257,247A CA257247A CA1078167A CA 1078167 A CA1078167 A CA 1078167A CA 257247 A CA257247 A CA 257247A CA 1078167 A CA1078167 A CA 1078167A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- frequency range
- polyphenylene
- graphite powder
- branched
- peak area
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 title claims description 45
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 polyphenylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 40
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- CQGRLHBOVUGVEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO Chemical compound OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO CQGRLHBOVUGVEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000802 nitrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000005691 oxidative coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930184652 p-Terphenyl Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920012287 polyphenylene sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000807 solvent casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/663—Selection of materials containing carbon or carbonaceous materials as conductive part, e.g. graphite, carbon fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/02—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes
- C08G61/10—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aromatic carbon atoms, e.g. polyphenylenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L65/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L65/02—Polyphenylenes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3496—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member use of special materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/24—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0213—Gas-impermeable carbon-containing materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/30—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/31—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating aromatic structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/312—Non-condensed aromatic systems, e.g. benzene
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/620,317 US3971748A (en) | 1975-10-07 | 1975-10-07 | Graphite powder-polyphenylene mixtures and composites |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1078167A true CA1078167A (en) | 1980-05-27 |
Family
ID=24485457
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA257,247A Expired CA1078167A (en) | 1975-10-07 | 1976-07-19 | Graphite powder-polyphenylene mixtures and composites |
Country Status (11)
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4064097A (en) * | 1976-02-25 | 1977-12-20 | Vasily Vladimirovich Korshak | Antifriction polymer material |
| US4066604A (en) * | 1976-10-28 | 1978-01-03 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Branched polyphenylene-mica composites |
| US4202951A (en) * | 1976-10-28 | 1980-05-13 | Standard Oil Company Of Indiana | Branched polyphenylene-polyphenylene sulfide blends |
| US4321114A (en) * | 1980-03-11 | 1982-03-23 | University Patents, Inc. | Electrochemical doping of conjugated polymers |
| EP0232450A3 (en) * | 1982-07-02 | 1987-12-02 | A.W. Chesterton Company | Mechanical seal |
| US4540641A (en) * | 1983-07-18 | 1985-09-10 | Gte Communications Products Corporation | Electrochemical cell |
| FR2553937A1 (fr) * | 1983-10-20 | 1985-04-26 | Schwob Yvan | Electrode en carbone lie par une resine thermoplastique |
| US4680224A (en) * | 1984-03-06 | 1987-07-14 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Reinforced plastic |
| EP1315223A4 (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2005-10-12 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | CONDUCTIVE COMPOSITION FOR A FIXED POLYMER TYPE FUEL CELL SEPARATOR, FIXED POLYMER TYPE FUEL CELL SEPARATOR, FIXED POLYMER TYPE FUEL CELL AND FIXED POLYMER TYPE FUEL CELL SYSTEM WITH SEPARATING DEVICE |
| CN110114216B (zh) | 2016-12-28 | 2021-09-14 | 沙特基础工业全球技术有限公司 | 包含聚亚苯基化物和聚丙烯的多层片材及其制造方法 |
| CN110114411A (zh) * | 2016-12-28 | 2019-08-09 | 沙特基础工业全球技术有限公司 | 包含聚亚苯基化物和水杨酸芳酯的片材及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3600341A (en) * | 1966-11-08 | 1971-08-17 | Us Air Force | Ablative char-forming compositions containing an intractable polyphenylene polymer |
| US3829518A (en) * | 1969-09-17 | 1974-08-13 | Standard Oil Co | Process for production of polyarylenes |
| US3798281A (en) * | 1972-07-31 | 1974-03-19 | Standard Oil Co | Process for production of polyarylenes |
-
1975
- 1975-10-07 US US05/620,317 patent/US3971748A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1976
- 1976-07-19 CA CA257,247A patent/CA1078167A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-23 IT IT50598/76A patent/IT1066026B/it active
- 1976-07-26 NL NL7608254A patent/NL7608254A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-07-26 DE DE19762633496 patent/DE2633496A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1976-07-26 GB GB31088/76A patent/GB1509879A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-26 DK DK336176A patent/DK336176A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-07-26 JP JP51088956A patent/JPS5245656A/ja active Granted
- 1976-07-27 BE BE169281A patent/BE844564A/xx unknown
- 1976-08-03 FR FR7623702A patent/FR2327275A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-08-12 LU LU75585A patent/LU75585A1/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2633496A1 (de) | 1977-04-21 |
| FR2327275B1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1979-09-28 |
| GB1509879A (en) | 1978-05-04 |
| FR2327275A1 (fr) | 1977-05-06 |
| JPS5245656A (en) | 1977-04-11 |
| JPS5410580B2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1979-05-08 |
| US3971748A (en) | 1976-07-27 |
| BE844564A (fr) | 1977-01-27 |
| LU75585A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1977-04-22 |
| NL7608254A (nl) | 1977-04-13 |
| IT1066026B (it) | 1985-03-04 |
| DK336176A (da) | 1977-04-08 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |