CA1075521A - Photographic element with layer containing carbon black and water soluble salt of heavy metal - Google Patents
Photographic element with layer containing carbon black and water soluble salt of heavy metalInfo
- Publication number
- CA1075521A CA1075521A CA211,920A CA211920A CA1075521A CA 1075521 A CA1075521 A CA 1075521A CA 211920 A CA211920 A CA 211920A CA 1075521 A CA1075521 A CA 1075521A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- carbon black
- heavy metal
- layer
- product
- silver halide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical group [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920013701 VORANOL™ Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
- G03C1/825—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers characterised by antireflection means or visible-light filtering means, e.g. antihalation
- G03C1/8255—Silver or silver compounds therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
- G03C1/825—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers characterised by antireflection means or visible-light filtering means, e.g. antihalation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A backing or antihalation layer for a photosensitive element containing carbon black additionally contains a water-soluble salt of a heavy metal. The heavy metal inhibits fog formation in the silver halide emulsion of the photosensitive element.
A backing or antihalation layer for a photosensitive element containing carbon black additionally contains a water-soluble salt of a heavy metal. The heavy metal inhibits fog formation in the silver halide emulsion of the photosensitive element.
Description
` 1~7552~
The present invention relates to a backing or anti-halation layer for a photosensitive element and a composition useful for the layer.
Photosensitive elements often have light-absorbing layers coated on one side of the silver halide emulsion layer to avoid exposure of an underlying film unit, or as an anti-halation layer. For convenience, the light-absorbing layers will be referred to as backing layers. These backing layers may be applied directly to one side of the emulsion or on the reverse side of a support which carries the emulsion. Even though a support separates the emulsion from the backing layer, there can still be contact because in a roll of film some portion of the emulsion will contact the backing. With stack-ed film units, there is usually front-to-back contact.
The backing layers may be opaque or only suffi-ciently light-absorbing as to prevent the above-mentioned exposure of the emulsion layer or underlying film units or, as in the case of antihalation layers, sufficiently light ab-sorptive to avoid undesirable reflections from the film base .
or from interfaces between the emulsion layer and other layers, which, if not avoided, cause additional diffused exposure of the silver halide emulsions.
The above-described light-absorbing qualities of the backing layer may be provided by dyes, pigments or silver. Silver is relatively expensive because of the amount necessary and usually two or three dyes are required in back-ing layers to provide the desired degree of light absorption.
One of the most commonly used and effective light-absorbing materials is carbon black. ~owever, it is well known that the presence of carbon black in a layer of a film unit adversely effects the silver halide emulsion layer.
~e ~0755Z~L ~
SpecificallyJ an appreciable fog level is noted, as a function of time on stored film units employing carbon black as a component of -the backing layer. Fading of the latent image has also been reported as an effect attributable to the carbon black.
A novel backing layer has now been found which is not susceptible to the deficiencies of the prior art.
Summary of the Invention The present invention is directed to a photosensitive element comprising at least one silver halide emulsion layer and a backing layer containing carbon black and a water-soluble salt of a heavy metal capable of forming a relatively insoluble sulfide.
Detailed Description of the Invention It has now been found that water-soluble heavy metal salts capable of forming relatively insoluble sulfides disposed in carbon black-containing layers of film units inhibit fog formation in the silver halide layer to a significant degree. Specifically, water-soluble salts of silver, copper (cupric), platinum, palladium, zinc, cadmium, lead, iron ~ferrous and ferric) and bismuth provide the above-described enhanced stability.
It has been found that the cation is the active species ;
in the present invention and, therefore, substantially any anion may be employed so long as it will not deleteriously react with other : .j;, .~, components of the carbon black layer or interfere with the proper photographic e~lployment of the film unit.
;:
., ;
:: :
107S~
Suitable anions includeJ but are not limited to, nitrate, fluoride, sulfate, perrhenate, bromide, chloride and acetate. The salt may be added to the carbon black mix prior to coating the layer or may be formed in situ.
While not intending to be bound by theory, it is believed that sulfur or a sulfur-containing compound is associated with the carbon black that results in the fogging ~ of the silver halide during storage. The fact that the silver halide and the carbon black layer are not necessarily in direct, physical contact for fogging to occur indicates ; that the vapor phase may be involved. It is believed that the presence of the heavy metal salt reacts with the sulfur or sulfur-containing compound, forming an insoluble sulfide thereby rendering it unavailable for contamination of the silver halide.
The concentration of the heavy metal salt varies with the particular salt and with the particular type of carbon black employed. Unexpectedly, appreciable effects have been noted at relatively low levels. Levels ranging from 100 to 10,000 ppm (based on total solids of coating mix) and more have been employed.
It is also believed that it may not be necessary that the heavy metal salt be distributed throughout the entire carbon black coating to be effective. Surprisingly, a significant decrease in fog has been noted in silver halide emulsions in areas of the emulsions not in contact with the compositions of the present invention but surrounding it.
The novel compositions of the present invention were evaluated in the following manner.
~7SSZ~
The follo~ing master batch was prepared:
Elvanol 70-05 25 g.
Elvanol T-25 75 g.
Carbon black 50 g.
GAF S-630 37 g.
Voranol RN-485 21 g.
l, 2, 3 and 4 are trademarks for the following products:
l. A fully hydrolyzed but water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol sold by E. I. DuPont de Nemours, Inc., Wilmington, Dela-ware.
The present invention relates to a backing or anti-halation layer for a photosensitive element and a composition useful for the layer.
Photosensitive elements often have light-absorbing layers coated on one side of the silver halide emulsion layer to avoid exposure of an underlying film unit, or as an anti-halation layer. For convenience, the light-absorbing layers will be referred to as backing layers. These backing layers may be applied directly to one side of the emulsion or on the reverse side of a support which carries the emulsion. Even though a support separates the emulsion from the backing layer, there can still be contact because in a roll of film some portion of the emulsion will contact the backing. With stack-ed film units, there is usually front-to-back contact.
The backing layers may be opaque or only suffi-ciently light-absorbing as to prevent the above-mentioned exposure of the emulsion layer or underlying film units or, as in the case of antihalation layers, sufficiently light ab-sorptive to avoid undesirable reflections from the film base .
or from interfaces between the emulsion layer and other layers, which, if not avoided, cause additional diffused exposure of the silver halide emulsions.
The above-described light-absorbing qualities of the backing layer may be provided by dyes, pigments or silver. Silver is relatively expensive because of the amount necessary and usually two or three dyes are required in back-ing layers to provide the desired degree of light absorption.
One of the most commonly used and effective light-absorbing materials is carbon black. ~owever, it is well known that the presence of carbon black in a layer of a film unit adversely effects the silver halide emulsion layer.
~e ~0755Z~L ~
SpecificallyJ an appreciable fog level is noted, as a function of time on stored film units employing carbon black as a component of -the backing layer. Fading of the latent image has also been reported as an effect attributable to the carbon black.
A novel backing layer has now been found which is not susceptible to the deficiencies of the prior art.
Summary of the Invention The present invention is directed to a photosensitive element comprising at least one silver halide emulsion layer and a backing layer containing carbon black and a water-soluble salt of a heavy metal capable of forming a relatively insoluble sulfide.
Detailed Description of the Invention It has now been found that water-soluble heavy metal salts capable of forming relatively insoluble sulfides disposed in carbon black-containing layers of film units inhibit fog formation in the silver halide layer to a significant degree. Specifically, water-soluble salts of silver, copper (cupric), platinum, palladium, zinc, cadmium, lead, iron ~ferrous and ferric) and bismuth provide the above-described enhanced stability.
It has been found that the cation is the active species ;
in the present invention and, therefore, substantially any anion may be employed so long as it will not deleteriously react with other : .j;, .~, components of the carbon black layer or interfere with the proper photographic e~lployment of the film unit.
;:
., ;
:: :
107S~
Suitable anions includeJ but are not limited to, nitrate, fluoride, sulfate, perrhenate, bromide, chloride and acetate. The salt may be added to the carbon black mix prior to coating the layer or may be formed in situ.
While not intending to be bound by theory, it is believed that sulfur or a sulfur-containing compound is associated with the carbon black that results in the fogging ~ of the silver halide during storage. The fact that the silver halide and the carbon black layer are not necessarily in direct, physical contact for fogging to occur indicates ; that the vapor phase may be involved. It is believed that the presence of the heavy metal salt reacts with the sulfur or sulfur-containing compound, forming an insoluble sulfide thereby rendering it unavailable for contamination of the silver halide.
The concentration of the heavy metal salt varies with the particular salt and with the particular type of carbon black employed. Unexpectedly, appreciable effects have been noted at relatively low levels. Levels ranging from 100 to 10,000 ppm (based on total solids of coating mix) and more have been employed.
It is also believed that it may not be necessary that the heavy metal salt be distributed throughout the entire carbon black coating to be effective. Surprisingly, a significant decrease in fog has been noted in silver halide emulsions in areas of the emulsions not in contact with the compositions of the present invention but surrounding it.
The novel compositions of the present invention were evaluated in the following manner.
~7SSZ~
The follo~ing master batch was prepared:
Elvanol 70-05 25 g.
Elvanol T-25 75 g.
Carbon black 50 g.
GAF S-630 37 g.
Voranol RN-485 21 g.
l, 2, 3 and 4 are trademarks for the following products:
l. A fully hydrolyzed but water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol sold by E. I. DuPont de Nemours, Inc., Wilmington, Dela-ware.
2. A medium molecular weight, fully hydrolyzedpolyvinyl alcohol sold by E. I. DuPont de Nemours, Inc., Wilmington, Delaware.
3. A polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer sold by GAF Corp., New York, New York.
4. A polyether polyol sold by the Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan.
A water solution of the polyvinyl alcohol and poly-;;, 1 vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer was prepared to which the carbon black was added as an aqueous dispersion. Enough . water was used to provide 14.0 percent total solids.
The various salts to be tested was prepared as 1.0 percent solutions in water. In some cases, the mixture , .
contained both dissolved and undissolved material but was treated ~, as if it were all in solution when aliquots are taken.
The carbon black mixes containing the salt additives were coated on an unsubbed polyester film base using a 6.0 mil fixed clearance bar. These coatings were then dried for 3 minutes at 194 P. and then conditioned for 24 hours at 75 F. and 45 percent R. H. before testing.
107552i Pieces 2 x 3 3/4" were cut from the test coatings and interleaved in film packs between a photographic emulsion coated on dye back base; i.e., base with only a dye anti-halation layer on the back side and an opaque top layer.
The test pieces were placed with the test back coat in con-tact with the emulsion. The test packs were sealed in poly-ethylene/foil pouches and stored in an oven at 120 F. for
A water solution of the polyvinyl alcohol and poly-;;, 1 vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer was prepared to which the carbon black was added as an aqueous dispersion. Enough . water was used to provide 14.0 percent total solids.
The various salts to be tested was prepared as 1.0 percent solutions in water. In some cases, the mixture , .
contained both dissolved and undissolved material but was treated ~, as if it were all in solution when aliquots are taken.
The carbon black mixes containing the salt additives were coated on an unsubbed polyester film base using a 6.0 mil fixed clearance bar. These coatings were then dried for 3 minutes at 194 P. and then conditioned for 24 hours at 75 F. and 45 percent R. H. before testing.
107552i Pieces 2 x 3 3/4" were cut from the test coatings and interleaved in film packs between a photographic emulsion coated on dye back base; i.e., base with only a dye anti-halation layer on the back side and an opaque top layer.
The test pieces were placed with the test back coat in con-tact with the emulsion. The test packs were sealed in poly-ethylene/foil pouches and stored in an oven at 120 F. for
5 days after which they are allowed to equilibrate to room conditions. The packs are then processed as black spreads (unexposed) with fresh processing composition and receiving sheets suitable for silver diffusion transfer pro-cessing, and the antihalation layer was removed from the negatives. The negatives are then examined by tran~mitted light for evidence of chemical fog in the area in contact with the test back coat and also in the surrounding area. Each qample was given a visual rating on a scale o~ 0 to 10 with 0 indicating no fog and 10 indi-~' cating complete fog. A control was designated as having a rating of 5.
The effects of the heavy metal salts are tabu-lated below.
.
, 8 o O O O O N (U ~
~ ' 8~o o C~
.
O
~ o o o o O ~ a d ~ q_l ~
b 0 ¦ C'J N
h ~ a ' ~ .
8 ~
:' ~1 .~ d ~ ~
+, $ ~
;~1 o ~rl U~ ~) N Cl~ N t~
~ 10 10 '~ 0 10~ 010~
~N pN ~N ~
¢ ~ CC ¢
a) $
h ,~ ~ h ~ h O O O ~ ~ ~ h O h ~ tq z V V t~ CQ Z V Z
D~ :~ o p~ ~ ~ O ~ ~ ~
10755Zl From the foregoing it will be seen that the fog level of the negative was significantly reduced from the control level of 5 and, in many instances, totally eliminated.
As stated above, the novel compositions are particularly useful as light-absorbing layers and antihalation layers. For example, the novel compositions are particularly useful as the removable backing layer in the film units disclosed and claimed in copending application Serial No.
167,455 filed March 29, 1973 (issued as Patent No. 1,013,991).
It should be understood, however, that the novel compositions are suitable for use wherever a light-absorbing layer is desired, for example, -as an opaque backing for a receiving layer, mask, dark slide film package and the like, ::
'' ,.~,
The effects of the heavy metal salts are tabu-lated below.
.
, 8 o O O O O N (U ~
~ ' 8~o o C~
.
O
~ o o o o O ~ a d ~ q_l ~
b 0 ¦ C'J N
h ~ a ' ~ .
8 ~
:' ~1 .~ d ~ ~
+, $ ~
;~1 o ~rl U~ ~) N Cl~ N t~
~ 10 10 '~ 0 10~ 010~
~N pN ~N ~
¢ ~ CC ¢
a) $
h ,~ ~ h ~ h O O O ~ ~ ~ h O h ~ tq z V V t~ CQ Z V Z
D~ :~ o p~ ~ ~ O ~ ~ ~
10755Zl From the foregoing it will be seen that the fog level of the negative was significantly reduced from the control level of 5 and, in many instances, totally eliminated.
As stated above, the novel compositions are particularly useful as light-absorbing layers and antihalation layers. For example, the novel compositions are particularly useful as the removable backing layer in the film units disclosed and claimed in copending application Serial No.
167,455 filed March 29, 1973 (issued as Patent No. 1,013,991).
It should be understood, however, that the novel compositions are suitable for use wherever a light-absorbing layer is desired, for example, -as an opaque backing for a receiving layer, mask, dark slide film package and the like, ::
'' ,.~,
Claims (8)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A photographic element which includes at least one silver halide emulsion layer, and which also includes a layer containing carbon black and a water-soluble salt of a heavy metal capable of forming a relatively insoluble sulfide.
2. A product as defined in claim 1 wherein said metal is selected from the group consisting of silver, copper, platinum, palladium, zinc, cadmium, lead, iron and bismuth.
3. A product as defined in claim 1 which includes at least one silver halide emulsion layer.
4. A product as defined in claim 2 which includes a support carrying said carbon black layer on a first side and said silver halide emulsion layer on said second side.
5. A product as defined in claim 1 wherein said heavy metal salt is silver nitrate.
6. A product as defined in claim 1 wherein said heavy metal salt is present at a level of at least 100 ppm based on the weight of said carbon black layer.
7. A product as defined in claim 1 wherein said carbon black layer includes a polymeric binder.
8. A product as defined in claim 7 wherein said polymeric binder includes polyvinyl alcohol.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US408374A US3900323A (en) | 1973-10-23 | 1973-10-23 | Photographic element comprising an opaque backcoat |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1075521A true CA1075521A (en) | 1980-04-15 |
Family
ID=23616030
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA211,920A Expired CA1075521A (en) | 1973-10-23 | 1974-10-22 | Photographic element with layer containing carbon black and water soluble salt of heavy metal |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3900323A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5510189B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1075521A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2450176C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2248537B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1486784A (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4211837A (en) * | 1974-09-17 | 1980-07-08 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Photographic silver halide element with opaque backing layer |
| US4247617A (en) * | 1979-05-11 | 1981-01-27 | Polaroid Corporation | Silver diffusion transfer film unit transparency |
| JPS56151935A (en) * | 1980-04-28 | 1981-11-25 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Photographic sensitive material |
| US4480026A (en) * | 1982-08-02 | 1984-10-30 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Stable dispersions for use in photographic film having an opaque backing layer |
| JPS6099166A (en) * | 1983-11-01 | 1985-06-03 | Tdk Corp | Conductive composition |
| US4622174A (en) * | 1984-06-05 | 1986-11-11 | Barnes Engineering Company | Transparent protective laser shield |
| JPH0623837B2 (en) * | 1986-10-17 | 1994-03-30 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | Photosensitive material for heat development |
| US4794070A (en) * | 1987-06-09 | 1988-12-27 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Automatically processible photographic element comprising a non-silver halide layer containing bromide |
| US4892808A (en) * | 1988-06-20 | 1990-01-09 | Eastman Kodak Company | Photographic material protected against hydrogen cyanide gas |
| US5408447A (en) | 1992-07-15 | 1995-04-18 | Polaroid Corporation | Method and apparatus for scanning of image in integral film structure |
| IT1256100B (en) * | 1992-11-12 | 1995-11-28 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | PHOTOGRAPHIC ASSEMBLY INCLUDING A PHOTOGRAPHIC ELEMENT FOR THE SILVER HALIDES SEALED IN A CLOSED CONTAINER |
| US20080057233A1 (en) * | 2006-08-29 | 2008-03-06 | Harrison Daniel J | Conductive thermal transfer ribbon |
| US7829162B2 (en) | 2006-08-29 | 2010-11-09 | international imagining materials, inc | Thermal transfer ribbon |
| JP2011528610A (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2011-11-24 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | Method for in situ formation of metal nanoclusters in a porous substrate field |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1434453A (en) * | 1922-11-07 | op rochester | ||
| DE677380C (en) * | 1937-03-17 | 1939-06-24 | I G Farbenindustrie Akt Ges | Antihalation and filter layers |
| US2386627A (en) * | 1943-11-30 | 1945-10-09 | Eastman Kodak Co | Antistatic film |
| NL87862C (en) * | 1951-08-20 | |||
| BE596694A (en) * | 1959-11-03 | |||
| DE1422890A1 (en) * | 1961-05-08 | 1969-10-23 | Gevaert Photo Prod Nv | Antistatic photographic material and method for making the same |
| GB1097916A (en) * | 1965-10-19 | 1968-01-03 | Kodak Ltd | Photographic materials |
| US3758376A (en) * | 1970-06-29 | 1973-09-11 | Schoeller Tech Papers | Opaque papers and photographic papers prepared therefrom |
| JPS5149205B1 (en) * | 1971-07-27 | 1976-12-25 | ||
| US3793029A (en) * | 1971-10-26 | 1974-02-19 | Eastman Kodak Co | Opaque photographic film support |
-
1973
- 1973-10-23 US US408374A patent/US3900323A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1974
- 1974-09-26 JP JP11097274A patent/JPS5510189B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1974-10-10 FR FR7434069A patent/FR2248537B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-10-21 GB GB45461/74A patent/GB1486784A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-10-22 CA CA211,920A patent/CA1075521A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-10-22 DE DE2450176A patent/DE2450176C2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1486784A (en) | 1977-09-21 |
| US3900323A (en) | 1975-08-19 |
| JPS5068520A (en) | 1975-06-07 |
| JPS5510189B2 (en) | 1980-03-14 |
| FR2248537B1 (en) | 1981-05-08 |
| DE2450176A1 (en) | 1975-04-24 |
| DE2450176C2 (en) | 1986-05-22 |
| FR2248537A1 (en) | 1975-05-16 |
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