CA1072656A - Installation for controlling pressure of gas under shaft top in super-capacity blast furnace - Google Patents
Installation for controlling pressure of gas under shaft top in super-capacity blast furnaceInfo
- Publication number
- CA1072656A CA1072656A CA248,413A CA248413A CA1072656A CA 1072656 A CA1072656 A CA 1072656A CA 248413 A CA248413 A CA 248413A CA 1072656 A CA1072656 A CA 1072656A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- control
- gas turbine
- switch
- diaphragm
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
- G05D16/20—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D16/2006—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means
- G05D16/2013—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means using throttling means as controlling means
- G05D16/2026—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means using throttling means as controlling means with a plurality of throttling means
- G05D16/204—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means using throttling means as controlling means with a plurality of throttling means the plurality of throttling means being arranged in parallel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/06—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace using top gas in the blast furnace process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/007—Controlling or regulating of the top pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/20—Devices dealing with sensing elements or final actuators or transmitting means between them, e.g. power-assisted
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
- F02C1/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly
- F02C1/05—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly characterised by the type or source of heat, e.g. using nuclear or solar energy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/64—Controlling the physical properties of the gas, e.g. pressure or temperature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Installation includes a throttle assembly built in the blast-furnace outlet pipe and at least two gas turbines with blast-furnace gas heaters also built in the outlet pipe in parallel with the throttle assembly. Each of the gas turbines having a control diaphragm and a stop diaphragm is provided with a separate drive for turning thereof. The installation is also furnished with an isodromic regulator for the gas pressure under the shaft top of the blast-furnace electrically connected to the separate drives of the throttles being a part of a throttle unit and by means of a logic control unit also connected to separate drives of the control diaphragms of the gas turbines it preselects such a sequence of operation of the above drives when in the process of the gas pressure control under shaft top in super-capacity blast furnace to open in the first-turn the control diaphragms of the gas turbines and then to open the throttles which being a part of the throttle assembly. But when closing the throttles are operated in the first turn and after that the control diaphragms are closed. Connected according to an electric circuit contacts of switches are switched on by the logic control unit. The control diaphragms of the gas turbines are furnished with switches operating when the control diaphragm turning at a position of closing up to the position corresponding to a given gas flow rate.
Installation includes a throttle assembly built in the blast-furnace outlet pipe and at least two gas turbines with blast-furnace gas heaters also built in the outlet pipe in parallel with the throttle assembly. Each of the gas turbines having a control diaphragm and a stop diaphragm is provided with a separate drive for turning thereof. The installation is also furnished with an isodromic regulator for the gas pressure under the shaft top of the blast-furnace electrically connected to the separate drives of the throttles being a part of a throttle unit and by means of a logic control unit also connected to separate drives of the control diaphragms of the gas turbines it preselects such a sequence of operation of the above drives when in the process of the gas pressure control under shaft top in super-capacity blast furnace to open in the first-turn the control diaphragms of the gas turbines and then to open the throttles which being a part of the throttle assembly. But when closing the throttles are operated in the first turn and after that the control diaphragms are closed. Connected according to an electric circuit contacts of switches are switched on by the logic control unit. The control diaphragms of the gas turbines are furnished with switches operating when the control diaphragm turning at a position of closing up to the position corresponding to a given gas flow rate.
Description
i6 .
; The present invention relates to installations for controlling the pressure of gas under shaft tops in super-capacity blast furnaces employed in ferrous metallurgyO
The installation is intended for the most economical utilization of the blast-furnace gas discharged through the outlet pipe from the blast furnace to produce electric power.
~ apid growth of industry leads to increased demands ~` for metal and this has resulted in the development of super-capacity blast furnaces with high flow rates of discharged blast-furnace gas.
Several methods of controlliny the pressure of gas ; ~ under the shaft top of a super-capacity blast furnace have recently been developed. One of these methods is accomplished by an installation having throttles and a gas turbine connected to the gas outlet pipe of the super-capacity blast furnace.
The operation of the installation is controlled by means of an ` isodromic regulator for the pressure of blast-furnace gas. m is regulator acts on one of the control throttles of the throttle ; assembly through which, bypassing the gas turbine, blast-furnace ` 20 gas is exhausted at a rate of flow that ensures the specified control accuracy of the pressure o~ gas under the shaft top of the furnace.
The throttle assembly is formed by a number of throttles arranged in parallel with the gas turbine, and among these there are at least two control throttles with automatic drives and, usually, three remote-~ontrolled throttles of a large diameter.
However, various difficulties arise in process of ` control over the pressure of gas under the shaft top in a super-capacity blast furnace. ;
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For inst~nce, a considexable volume of blast-furnace gas must be constantly passed through the control throttle, which results in reduced gas flow through the gas turbine. This leads to the reduced output in electric power production O
Besides, when considerably decreased flow of exhausted gas takes place, the control diaphragm of the gas turbine needs to be displaced by hand to ensure the flow of the gas passing through the control throttle at a rate essential to maintain the specified accuracy of control.
To exclude manual operations, further improvement of control over the pressure of gas under the shaft top of a super-capacity blast furnace is necessaryO
One more difficulty is that the scope of the iso-- dromic regulator is limited by minor part of the overall gas flow, and, as a result, the operating range of the regulator proves very narrow, which diminishes the accuracy of maintaining the pressure.
Known in the art is a method that overcomes the ;
above difficulties ~see the Invention Certificate of the USSR
No. 391 180) o This method is carried out by means of an installation including a throttle assembly, built in the blast-furnace outlet pipe, wherein at least two arranged in parallel throttles have separate drives with switches operating in predetermined positions of the throttlesO Connected to the gas outlet pipe in parallel with the throttle assembly is a gas turbine with a heater of the gas fed theretoO The gas turbine is furnished with a control diaphragm and a stop diaphragm - which are movable with the aid of separate drivesO In addition, the control diaphragm has a switch operating when the ;
diaphragm is open~ The installation is also provided with an isodromic regulator for the pressure of gas under the furnace ~L~72~5~
shaft top which is electrically connected to the separate drives of throttles and control diaphragm of the utilization gas turbine through a logic control unit that specifies operational logic of said drivesO
However, this installation, performing the above-mentioned method, does also not meet all the requirements for the operation of super~capacity blast furnaces, because a single gas turbine does not provide economical utilization of a great volume of blast-furnace gas. ~ere, waste of blast-furnace gas through the throttle assembly takes place, which results in inadequate utilization of blast-furnace ~as energy.
With a great variation in capacity of blast furnaces the development of utilization ~as turbines with different rates of gas flow for each size of a blast furnace does not also seem proper as it involves various difficulties and considerable rise in cost The reason is that the number of super-capacity blast furnaces of one size is very limited, whereas the production of gas turbines of a gi~en size is economically justified only for a considerable batch~ Otherwise, all economical advantages of production of electric power by means of utilization gas turbine wîll be nullified by a high cost of each turbine.
Increased capacity of blast furnaces places higher ;~
demands on reliable operation of all their equipment. A breakdown in a high-capacity gas turbine leads to a complete discontinuance of furnace gas discharge, which will result in an emergency rise of the pressure of gas under the furnace shaft top.
Up-to-date super-capacity blast furnaces with : . , :. .:
continuous delivery of melt are especially sensible to the breakdowns of this kind whose consequences may be vexy graveO
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The object o~ the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned difficulties.
The main object of the present invention is to provide an installation for controlling the pressure of gas under the shaft top of a super-capacity blast furnace that reduces the waste of blast-furnace gas through the control throttle of the throttle assembly and so increasing output and improving economical characteristics in production of electric power by gas . : turbines.
: 10 Another e~ually important object of the invention is to improve the dependability of operation of a super-capacity blast furnace.
Still another object of the invention is to widen the operational range of the regulator for the pressure of gas under the shaft top of the super-capacity blast furnace, and so to increase accuracy of the pressure control~
These and other objects are achieved by the develop-ment of an installation.forcontrolling the pressure of gas under the shaft top of a super-capacity blast furnace including a throttle assembly wherein at least two control thro~tles, arranged in parallel, have separate drives with switches operating in specified positions of the throttles, said throttle assembly being built in the blast-furnace outlet pipe, a gas turbine connected to the gas outlet pipe in parallel with said throttle assembly and having a heater for the blast furnace gas fed to the . :-turbine, a control diaphragm and a stop diaphragm provided with separate drives for turning thereof, the control diaphragm having - ' a switch that operates on fully opening said diaphra~m, and an -........... isodromic regulator for the pressure of gas under the shaft top : :
; 30 of the blast furnace electrically connected to the separate drives of the throttles and to the drive for the control diaphragm of the ga~ turbine through a logic control unit controlling the .
~ ~72~56 sequence of operation of said drives, and in which, according to the invention there is provided at least one more gas turbine ~ connected to the gas outlet pipe of the super-capacity blast i furnac~ in parallel with said gas turbine and having, like the first gas turbine a gas heater, a control diaphragm with a separate drive connected to the output of the isodrom.ic regulator for the pressure of gas under the shaft top, and a switch that operakes on fully opening the control diaphragm and also having a stop diaphragm, each gas turbine being furnished with a switch :.
mounted on the control diaphragm of the respective gas turbine and ~ operated on turning the control diaphragm for closing to the ~ position that corresponds to a flow of gas through this turbine ¦ whose rate is slightly above that at which the gas heater ls switched off, the switch of the first gas turbine having a normally closed contact incorporated in an electrical control circuit of the ~; `
isodromic regulator on the line for closing the control diaphragm of the first gas turbine and a normally open contact incorporated ~:~
in a similar manner in the electrical control circuit of the ~.
isodromic regulator on the line for closing the control diaphragm . 20 of a second gas turbine, and the switch of a second gas tur~ine . .
also having a normally closed contact incorporated in the :
electrical control circuit of the isodromic regulator on its line to the separate drive for closing the control diaphragm of the ::
second gas turbine and a normally open contact incorporated in said electrical control circuit on its line serving to control the control diaphragm of a third gas turbine, which allows successive action of the isodromic regulator on the separate -drives for the control diaphragms of all said gas turbines to be carried outO
~ 30 The use of additional gas turbines in the installation makes it possible to exclude the development of a more 5 _ ~ -~. . ~ - - . : :
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powerful utilization gas turbine, and, at the same time to reduce or wholly eliminate the waste of blast-furnace gas through the throttle assembly. An emergency breakdown of a gas turbine does not lead ~o a full discontinuance in furnace gas discharge, as the gas ~low will pass through other operating gas turbines and through the control throttles of the throttle assembly, which will be brought into open condition upon the command of the isodromic regulator. This prevents the emergency rise in the pressure of blast-furnace gas under the shaft top of a super-capacity blast furnace and so makes for improved dependabilit~of its operation.
Since the position corresponding to a gas flow through the gas turbine, whose rate exceeds by a predetermined value that at which the gas heater is switched~off, is taken as a minimum value of the control diaphragm closure the installation according to the invention widens the operational range o~ the isodromic - regulator for the pressure o~ gas under the sha~t top of a super-capacity blast furnace~ The installation makes for more economical production of electric power by gas turbines hecause the isodromic regulator primarily closes the control throttles of the throttle assembly, and only after their closure produces a command signal for the closure of control diaphragms in gas turbines, w~ich allows the use of the maximum volume of blast-furnace gas for production of electric power.
It is advisable to provide the first ~as turbine with a switch mounted on their respective control diaphragms and operated when a control diaphragm is closed to the position corresponding to idle-run conditions o~ the respective gas turbine, the switch having a normally open contact incorporated in an electrical control circuit on its line ~or opening the control throttle in parallel ~ith the normally open contact of the switch that operates on opening the control diaphragm, and to arrange in series with said contact a second normally open - - , -. . ,~ . .
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contact of t~e switch that operates on ~ully opening the control diaphragm of a second gas turbine, and then to provide the second gas turbine for a switch that operates once its gas turbine -:
starts running idle and then to provide it with a normally rl open contact incorporated in the electrical circuit on its line ~ serving for opening the control diaphra~m parallel to the second : normally open contact of ~he switch that operates on fully . opening the control diaphragm of the second gas turbine, and to arrange in series therewith the second normally open contact of ~ :
~ 10 the switch that operates on fully o~e-ning the control diaphragm : of a third ~as turbine, and to install one more switch for the third gas turbine operating when the third turbine starts running idle also having a normally open contact incorporated in the electrical control circuit serving for opening the control diaphragm in parallel with the normally open contact of the switch .:
. that operates on~fully opening the control diaphragm of the third ~ :~
gas turbineO -:
~; ~ The use of idle-run switches for the control diaphragm ~' ~, . of the gas turbine makes for improved reliability of the blast ., 20 furnace because when one of the gas turbines starts running idle ~- and the gas flow passing through it sharply drops the isodromic :
regulator transfers its control action to actuate the opening of : the control diaphragm of the next gas turbine and control ~ throttles, and thus an emergency rise of gas pressure under the 5~ shaft top of the blast furnace is preventedO
: It is desirable to furnish the stop diaphragm o~` the first gas turbine with a suitable switch operating on its emergency closure and having two normally open contacts and one normally closed contact and to incorporate the first normally open contact in the electrical control circuit on its line for opening the control throttle, directly in parallel with the contact of the idle-run switch, and the second normally open , , - - , , , ~, , . . : , .
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contact, in the electrical control circuit on its line serving to clos~e the control diaphragm of the second gas turbine in parallel with the normally open contact of the switch that operates on closing the control diaphragm of the first gas turbine, and to incorporate in series thèrewith the second normally open contact of the switch that operates on closing of the control throttle, and to incorporate the normally closed contact of the switch directly in the electrical control circuit of the isodromic regulator on the line that serves to control the drive for the control diaphragm of the ~irst gas turbine for closing thereof, and the stop diaphragm of the second gas : turbine to provide for a switch also having two normally open contacts and one normally closed contact, to incorporate the first normally open contact in the electrical control circuit on its line serving to open the control diaphragm of the first gas : turbine directly in parallel with the normally open contact of the idle-run switch for the second gas turbine, to incorporate :
the second normally open contact in the electrical control circuit on its line for closing the control diaphragm of the ... . .
third gas turbine in parallel to the normally open contact of:the switch that operates on closing the control diaphragm of the second gas turbine, and to incorporate in series therewith the second normally open contact of the switch that operates on closing the control diaphragm of the first gas turbine and to incorporate the normally closed contact of said switch directly in the electrical control circuit on its line for closing and a stop diaphragm of the third gas turbine having a switch with a normall~ open contact incorporated in the electrical control ~ circuit on its line for opening the control diaphragm of the second gas turbine directly in parallel with the normally open - ~ contact of the idle-run switch for the third gas turbine and one :
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normally closed contact incorporated directl~ in the electrical control circuit for closing the control diaphragm of the third gas turbineO ..
The use of switches on stop diaphragms of each gas turbine allows the reliable operation of a super-capacity blast furnace to be improved since once an emergency closure o~ t~e stop diaphragm in one of the utilization gas tur~ines and, correspondingly, a total discontinuance in ~low o~ blast-~urnace gas through it occur the transfer of the control action of isodromic regulator on opening the control diaphragm of the next gas turbine and the control throttles makes it possible to fully prevent or, at least, lessen the effect of the rise in the pressure of gas under the shaft top of a super-capacity blast furnace.
In order that the invention may be fully understood, an .
embodiment of the installation for controlling the pressure of gas under the sha~t top of the super-capacity.:. blast ~urnace according to the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the installation according to the invention:
Fig. 2 is an electrical wiring diagram of the control circuit for the installation.
The installation for controlling the pressure of gas : .
under the shaft top in a super-capacity blast furnace l(Figs. 1 and 2) includes a built-in outlet gas pipe 2 (Fig~ 1), a throttle assembly 3, and in this e~bodiment at least three gas turbines 4, 4a and 4b, connected to said outlet gas pipe 2 in parallel with each other and with said throttle assem~ly 3O The outlet pipes of each gas turbine 4, 4a and 4b, and also of the throttle assembly ;.
3 are integrated into the main gas pipe 5, which delivers ~last- :
furnace gas to the user (not shown in the Figures )O .
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The throttle assembly 3 has at least two con~rol throttles 6 and 7 arranged in parallel, with separate drives 8 and 9 for turning the throttles~ The control throttles 6 and 7 are provided with switches 10 and 11, which operate as the throttles are closed. In addition, the control throttle 7 is provided wikh a switch 12 which operates when said throttle 7 is fully open~
Each of the gas turbines 4, 4a, and 4~ ~las the : respective heater 13, 13a and 13b to heat the incoming blast-furnace gas, control diaphragm 1~, 14a and 14b, and stop diaphragm 15, 15a, and 15b.
The control diaphragms 14, 14a and 14b are provided with separate drives 16, 16a and 16b, respectively, which have switches 17, 17a and 17b operating when the respective control diaphragms are fully open, and also switches 18, 18a and 18b operating as the respective control diaphragms 14, 14a and 14b are turned for closing to the position which corresponds to a flow of the bl~st-furnace gas through the gas tur~ines whose rate is slightly above that at which the gas heaters 1~ 13a and 13b are switched off.
The drives 16 16a and 16b of the control diaphragms 14, 14a and 14b or the diaphragms themselves in each gas turbine 4, 4a and 4b are provided with the respective switches 19, l9a and l9b which operate on closing the control diaphragms to the position corresponding to the idle-run condi~ions of each gas turbine 4, 4a and 4b~
Each stop diaphragm 15, 15a and 15b in each gas turbine 4 4a and 4b is provided with the respective switch 20 20a or 20b which operates at the emergency closure of each stop diaphragm. : ~ -The installation.for controlling the pressure of gas . .
under the shaft top in the super-capacity blast furnace 1 is .
provided with an isodromic regulator 21 which is used to control the drives 8 and 9 o~ the control throttles 6 and 7 and also the drives 16, 16a and 16b of the control diaphragms 14, 14a and 14b in the gas turbines 4, 4a and 4b.
The output of the isodromic regulator 21 is connected with said drives through a logic control unit 22, and its input, with a sensor 23 of the gas pressure under the shaft top of the super-capacity blast furnace 1 and also with a pre-set controller 24, which is mounted on the control board (not shown in the Figure) of the super-capacity blast furnace 1.
Each drive 16, 16a and 16b of the control diaphragms 14, 14a and 14b has the respective magnetic amplifier 25 25a and 25b (Fig. 2) electrical servomechanism 26 26a and 26b and hydraulic servomotor 27, 27a and 27b.
Each drive 8 and 9 (Fig. 1) of the control throttles 6 and 7 has the respective magnetic amplifier 28 and 29 (Fig. 2) and electrical servomechanism 30 and 310 The logic control unit 22 (E'igO 1) actuates the contacts of the switches, whose electrical wiring diagram will ncw be described in detail with reference to Fig. 20 The output of the isodromic regulator 21 is connected by a three-wire arrangement (Fig. 1) to the inputs of the magnetic amplifiers 25, 25a 25b, 28 and 29 (Fig. 2), which actuate the electrical servomechanisms 26 26a 26b 30 and 310 An electrical control circuit 32 is intended to transmit a signal from the isodromic regulator 21 to said magnetic amplifiers for closing the control throttles 6 and 7 or the control diaphragms 14,14a and 14b.
An electrical control circu~ 33 i5 intend~d to transmit a signal from the isodromic regulator 21 to said magnetic --amplifiers for opening the control throttles 6 and 7 or the control diaphragms 14, 14a and 14b.
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The electrical control circuit 32, on its line for closing the control throttle 6 incorporates the normally closed contact of the switch 10, which breaks as the control throttle 6 is closed.
The electrical control circuit 33, on its line for opening the control throttle 6, incorporates the normally open contact of the switch 12, which is closed at the full opening of said control throttle 7.
The electrical control circuit 32, on its line for closing the control throttle 7, incorporates the normally closed contact of the switch 11, which breaks as the control throttle 7 is closed, and the normally open contact of the switch 10, which closes as the control throttle 6 is closed, both contacts being arranged in series.
The electrical control circuit 33 on the line used for opening the control throttle 7, incorporates the normally closed contact of the switch 12, which breaks as the control throttle 7 is opened, and the normally open contact of the switch 17, which closes at the full opening of the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine 4 (Fig. 1), both said contacts being arranged in series.
The normally open contacts of the switches 19 and 20 are connected in parallel with the normally open contact of the switch 17a, which operates at the full opening of the control diaphragm 14a of the gas turbine 4a.
The normally open contact o~ the switch 19 closes as the control diaphragm 14 o~ the gas turbine 4 is closed to the position corresponding to the idle-run conditions which is brought about by the action o~ the speed control system directly upon the hydraulic ser~omotor 27 (Fig. 2). The normally open contacts of the switch 20 close at an emergency closure of the stop diaphragm 15 (Fig. 1~ of the gas turbine 4O
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The electrical control circuit 32 (Fig. 2) on its line for closin~ the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine 4 (Fig. 1), incorporates the normally closed contact of the switch 18 the normally closed contact of the switch 20 (Fig. 2) and a normally open contact of the switch 11, operating as the control throttle 7 is opened, all these contacts being arranged in seriesO The normally closed contact of the switch 18 opens as the control diaphragm 14 is opened slightly to the position corresponding to a flow Gf gas through the gas turbine 4 (Fig. 4) whose rate is slightly above that at which the blast-furnace gas heater 13 is switched offO
The electrical control circuit 33 (Fig~ 2), on its line for opening the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine 4 (Fig. 1), incorporates the normally closed contact of the switch 17 and a normally open contact of the switch 17a, which closes at the full opening of the control diaphragm 14a of the gas turbine 4a, both contacts being arranged in series~
The normally open contacts of the switches l9a and 20a (Fig. 2) are connected in parallel with the normally open contact of the switch 17a (Fig. 2) through the normally open contact of the switch 17b,` which closes at the full opening of the control diaphragm 14b of the gas turbine 4b (Fig. l)o The normally open contact of the switch 19a closes as the control diaphragm 14a of the turbine 4 (FigO 1) is closed to the position corresponding to the idle-run conditions. The nor- ;
mally open contact of the switch 20a closes at an emergency closure of the stop diaphragm 15a of the gas turbine 4a.
The electrical control circuit 32 (Fig. 2), on the line for closing the control diaphragm 14a of the gas turbine 4a incorporates the following contacts arranged in series: the normally closed contacts of the switches 20a and 18a and the , .
normally open contact of the switch 18 which closes as the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine is turned.
The normally closed contact of the switch 20a opens at the emergency closure of the control diaphragm 15a ~Fig. 1) of the gas turbine 4a.
The normally closed contact of the switch 18a (Fig. 2) opens as the control diaphragm 14a is closed to the position corresponding to a flow of gas through the gas turbine 4a (FigO 1) whose rate is slightly above that at which the blast-furnace gas heater 13a is switched off.
In parallel with the normally open contact of the switch 18 (FigO 2) are connected the series-arranged normally open contacts of the switches 11 and 20~
The electrical control circuit 33, on theline for opening the control diaphragm 14a of the gas turbine 4a (Fig. 1), incorporates the normally closed contact of the switch 17a (FigO 2) and a normally open contact of the switch 17b, both contacts being connected in series. :
In parallel with the normally open contact of the switch 17b are connected the normally open contacts of the ~.
switches l9b and 20b~
'The normally open contact of the switch l9b closes ~:
as the control diaphragm 14b of the gas turbine 4b is partially closed to the position corresponding to the idle-run conditions.
The normally open contact of the switch 20b closes at an emergency closure of the control diaphragm 15b of the gas tur~ine 4bo The electrical control circuit 32t on its line ~or closing the control diaphragm 14b of the gas turbine 4b (Fig. 1), incorporates the following contacts, connected in series: the normally closed contacts of the s-~itches 20b ~FigO 2) and 18b and the normally open contact of the switch 18aO
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The normally closed contact of the switch 20b opens at an emergency closure of the stop diaphragm 15b (FigO 1 ) of the gas turbine 4bo The normally closed contact of the switch 18 (Fig~ 2) opens as the control diaphragm 14b is opened slightly to the position corresponding to a flow of gas through th0 gas turbine 4b whose rate is slightly above that at which the blast-furnace gas heater 13b is switched off.
In parallel with the normally open contact of the switch 18a are connected normally open contacts of the switches 18 and 20a which are arranged in ~eries. . .
The electrical control circuit 33 on its line for opening the control diaphragm 14b of the gas turbine 4b, incorpor- .
ates ~he normally closed contact of the switch 17b. . .:
The installation operates as followsO At the initial position, the control diaphragms 14, 14a and 14b and also both control throttles 6 and 7 are open, and the pressure of blast-furnace gas is equal to a set value.
When the pressure of gas under the shaft top of the .- .:
blast furnace 1 drops, the isodromic regulator 21 produces a signal whichenters the electrical control circuit 32 (Fig. 2) and through the normally closed contact of the switch 10 goes ; :
for closing the control throttle 6. The closure of the control throttle 6 causes triggering of the switch lO,its normally open contact closes and thereby let the signal from the :
isodromic regulator 21 pass through the electrical control circuit 32 for closing the second control throttle 7. Simul~aneously the normally closed contact of the switch 10 breaks, thereby removing the signal from the drive 8 (Fig~ 1) of the control throttle 6O
The closure of the control throttle 7 causes the normally closed contact of the switch 11 to break, thereby , ~:
~ 15 -~7Z~
removing the signal ~rom the drive 9 of the control throttle 7, while the closure of the normally open contact 11 transfers the signal from the isodromic regulator 21 to the drive 16 of the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine 4O The control diaphragm 14 is then closed to the position where it operates the switch 18, breaking its normally closed contact and thereby removing the signal from the drive 16 of the control diaphragm 14, and closing the normally open contac~, which switches the signal of the iso-dromic regulator 21 over to the drive 16a of the control diaphragm 14a of the gas turbine 4a.
Upon this, the control diaphragm 14a is closed to the position where it operates the switch 18a, breaking its normally closed contact and thus removing the signal from the drive 16a of the control diaphragm 14a, and closing the normally open contact, which switches the signal for closure from the isodromic regulator 21 over to the drive 16b of the control diaphragm 14b of the gas turbine 4b.
When the pressure o~- gas under the top shaft of the super-capacity blast furnace 1 rises the isodromic regulator 21 produces a signal which enters the electrical control circuit 33 (Fig~ 2) and through the normally closed contact of the switch 17b goes to the drive 16b (Fig. 1) of the control diaphragm 14b of the gas turbine 4bo The full opening of the control diaphragm 14b results in the operation of the switch 17b (Fig. 2), whose normally closed contact breaks and causes the removal of the signal from the drive 16b of the control diaphragm 14b. At the same time the normally open contact of the switch 17b closes, ~;
which makes it possible to transmit the signal for opening to the control diaphragm 14a of the gas turbine 4a (Fig. l)o In a similar way, khe operation of the switch 17a makes the signal of the isodromic regulator 21 go for opening the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine 4~ -~:.
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~2656 The operation of the switch 17 acts upon the drive 9 of the control throttle 7 and that of the switch 12, upon the drive 8 of the control throttle 60 Whenever the stop diaphragm 15 of the gas turbine 4 is closed in an emergency it operates the switch 20 (Fig. 2) breaking its normally closed contact and thus removing the signal of the isodromic regulator 21 from the electrical control circuit 32 in the line used for closing the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine 4 (Fig. l)o Simultaneously the normally open contact of the switch 20 closes, which makes it possible, while the control diaphragm 14a of the gas turbine 4a is full~ open and the switch 17a has been operated, to switch the signal of the isodromic regulator 21 over to the drive 9 of the control throttle -~.
7 bypassing the drive 16 of the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine 4, which has broken down, and after closing the control throttle 7 until the switch 11 is operated to transfer the signal of the isodromic regulator 21 to closing the control diaphragm l~a of the gas turbine 3a bypassing the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine 4. .
The installation operates in the same way whenever the control diaphragm 15a o~ the gas turbine 4a is closed in an ~ .
emergency and operates the switch 20a (FigO 2).
The similar effect has the operation of the switches 19, l9a and l9b whenever the respective gas turbine changes over to idle-run conditions, with the only di~e~ence being that the operation of the switches 19l l9a and l9b always involves the preceding operation of the switches 18, 18a and 18b/ whosa normally closed contacts breah the electrical circuit 32, which controls the drives 16 16a and 16b of the control diaphragms 14, 14a and 14b.
. 1 ~7'~5~
The tests of the installation according to the present invention confirmed its workability, increased output of the eIectric power (by 5-10 per cent) and higher accuracy of regulating the pressure of gas under the shaf-t top of the blast furnaceO
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; The present invention relates to installations for controlling the pressure of gas under shaft tops in super-capacity blast furnaces employed in ferrous metallurgyO
The installation is intended for the most economical utilization of the blast-furnace gas discharged through the outlet pipe from the blast furnace to produce electric power.
~ apid growth of industry leads to increased demands ~` for metal and this has resulted in the development of super-capacity blast furnaces with high flow rates of discharged blast-furnace gas.
Several methods of controlliny the pressure of gas ; ~ under the shaft top of a super-capacity blast furnace have recently been developed. One of these methods is accomplished by an installation having throttles and a gas turbine connected to the gas outlet pipe of the super-capacity blast furnace.
The operation of the installation is controlled by means of an ` isodromic regulator for the pressure of blast-furnace gas. m is regulator acts on one of the control throttles of the throttle ; assembly through which, bypassing the gas turbine, blast-furnace ` 20 gas is exhausted at a rate of flow that ensures the specified control accuracy of the pressure o~ gas under the shaft top of the furnace.
The throttle assembly is formed by a number of throttles arranged in parallel with the gas turbine, and among these there are at least two control throttles with automatic drives and, usually, three remote-~ontrolled throttles of a large diameter.
However, various difficulties arise in process of ` control over the pressure of gas under the shaft top in a super-capacity blast furnace. ;
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For inst~nce, a considexable volume of blast-furnace gas must be constantly passed through the control throttle, which results in reduced gas flow through the gas turbine. This leads to the reduced output in electric power production O
Besides, when considerably decreased flow of exhausted gas takes place, the control diaphragm of the gas turbine needs to be displaced by hand to ensure the flow of the gas passing through the control throttle at a rate essential to maintain the specified accuracy of control.
To exclude manual operations, further improvement of control over the pressure of gas under the shaft top of a super-capacity blast furnace is necessaryO
One more difficulty is that the scope of the iso-- dromic regulator is limited by minor part of the overall gas flow, and, as a result, the operating range of the regulator proves very narrow, which diminishes the accuracy of maintaining the pressure.
Known in the art is a method that overcomes the ;
above difficulties ~see the Invention Certificate of the USSR
No. 391 180) o This method is carried out by means of an installation including a throttle assembly, built in the blast-furnace outlet pipe, wherein at least two arranged in parallel throttles have separate drives with switches operating in predetermined positions of the throttlesO Connected to the gas outlet pipe in parallel with the throttle assembly is a gas turbine with a heater of the gas fed theretoO The gas turbine is furnished with a control diaphragm and a stop diaphragm - which are movable with the aid of separate drivesO In addition, the control diaphragm has a switch operating when the ;
diaphragm is open~ The installation is also provided with an isodromic regulator for the pressure of gas under the furnace ~L~72~5~
shaft top which is electrically connected to the separate drives of throttles and control diaphragm of the utilization gas turbine through a logic control unit that specifies operational logic of said drivesO
However, this installation, performing the above-mentioned method, does also not meet all the requirements for the operation of super~capacity blast furnaces, because a single gas turbine does not provide economical utilization of a great volume of blast-furnace gas. ~ere, waste of blast-furnace gas through the throttle assembly takes place, which results in inadequate utilization of blast-furnace ~as energy.
With a great variation in capacity of blast furnaces the development of utilization ~as turbines with different rates of gas flow for each size of a blast furnace does not also seem proper as it involves various difficulties and considerable rise in cost The reason is that the number of super-capacity blast furnaces of one size is very limited, whereas the production of gas turbines of a gi~en size is economically justified only for a considerable batch~ Otherwise, all economical advantages of production of electric power by means of utilization gas turbine wîll be nullified by a high cost of each turbine.
Increased capacity of blast furnaces places higher ;~
demands on reliable operation of all their equipment. A breakdown in a high-capacity gas turbine leads to a complete discontinuance of furnace gas discharge, which will result in an emergency rise of the pressure of gas under the furnace shaft top.
Up-to-date super-capacity blast furnaces with : . , :. .:
continuous delivery of melt are especially sensible to the breakdowns of this kind whose consequences may be vexy graveO
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The object o~ the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned difficulties.
The main object of the present invention is to provide an installation for controlling the pressure of gas under the shaft top of a super-capacity blast furnace that reduces the waste of blast-furnace gas through the control throttle of the throttle assembly and so increasing output and improving economical characteristics in production of electric power by gas . : turbines.
: 10 Another e~ually important object of the invention is to improve the dependability of operation of a super-capacity blast furnace.
Still another object of the invention is to widen the operational range of the regulator for the pressure of gas under the shaft top of the super-capacity blast furnace, and so to increase accuracy of the pressure control~
These and other objects are achieved by the develop-ment of an installation.forcontrolling the pressure of gas under the shaft top of a super-capacity blast furnace including a throttle assembly wherein at least two control thro~tles, arranged in parallel, have separate drives with switches operating in specified positions of the throttles, said throttle assembly being built in the blast-furnace outlet pipe, a gas turbine connected to the gas outlet pipe in parallel with said throttle assembly and having a heater for the blast furnace gas fed to the . :-turbine, a control diaphragm and a stop diaphragm provided with separate drives for turning thereof, the control diaphragm having - ' a switch that operates on fully opening said diaphra~m, and an -........... isodromic regulator for the pressure of gas under the shaft top : :
; 30 of the blast furnace electrically connected to the separate drives of the throttles and to the drive for the control diaphragm of the ga~ turbine through a logic control unit controlling the .
~ ~72~56 sequence of operation of said drives, and in which, according to the invention there is provided at least one more gas turbine ~ connected to the gas outlet pipe of the super-capacity blast i furnac~ in parallel with said gas turbine and having, like the first gas turbine a gas heater, a control diaphragm with a separate drive connected to the output of the isodrom.ic regulator for the pressure of gas under the shaft top, and a switch that operakes on fully opening the control diaphragm and also having a stop diaphragm, each gas turbine being furnished with a switch :.
mounted on the control diaphragm of the respective gas turbine and ~ operated on turning the control diaphragm for closing to the ~ position that corresponds to a flow of gas through this turbine ¦ whose rate is slightly above that at which the gas heater ls switched off, the switch of the first gas turbine having a normally closed contact incorporated in an electrical control circuit of the ~; `
isodromic regulator on the line for closing the control diaphragm of the first gas turbine and a normally open contact incorporated ~:~
in a similar manner in the electrical control circuit of the ~.
isodromic regulator on the line for closing the control diaphragm . 20 of a second gas turbine, and the switch of a second gas tur~ine . .
also having a normally closed contact incorporated in the :
electrical control circuit of the isodromic regulator on its line to the separate drive for closing the control diaphragm of the ::
second gas turbine and a normally open contact incorporated in said electrical control circuit on its line serving to control the control diaphragm of a third gas turbine, which allows successive action of the isodromic regulator on the separate -drives for the control diaphragms of all said gas turbines to be carried outO
~ 30 The use of additional gas turbines in the installation makes it possible to exclude the development of a more 5 _ ~ -~. . ~ - - . : :
11g7Z~
powerful utilization gas turbine, and, at the same time to reduce or wholly eliminate the waste of blast-furnace gas through the throttle assembly. An emergency breakdown of a gas turbine does not lead ~o a full discontinuance in furnace gas discharge, as the gas ~low will pass through other operating gas turbines and through the control throttles of the throttle assembly, which will be brought into open condition upon the command of the isodromic regulator. This prevents the emergency rise in the pressure of blast-furnace gas under the shaft top of a super-capacity blast furnace and so makes for improved dependabilit~of its operation.
Since the position corresponding to a gas flow through the gas turbine, whose rate exceeds by a predetermined value that at which the gas heater is switched~off, is taken as a minimum value of the control diaphragm closure the installation according to the invention widens the operational range o~ the isodromic - regulator for the pressure o~ gas under the sha~t top of a super-capacity blast furnace~ The installation makes for more economical production of electric power by gas turbines hecause the isodromic regulator primarily closes the control throttles of the throttle assembly, and only after their closure produces a command signal for the closure of control diaphragms in gas turbines, w~ich allows the use of the maximum volume of blast-furnace gas for production of electric power.
It is advisable to provide the first ~as turbine with a switch mounted on their respective control diaphragms and operated when a control diaphragm is closed to the position corresponding to idle-run conditions o~ the respective gas turbine, the switch having a normally open contact incorporated in an electrical control circuit on its line ~or opening the control throttle in parallel ~ith the normally open contact of the switch that operates on opening the control diaphragm, and to arrange in series with said contact a second normally open - - , -. . ,~ . .
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contact of t~e switch that operates on ~ully opening the control diaphragm of a second gas turbine, and then to provide the second gas turbine for a switch that operates once its gas turbine -:
starts running idle and then to provide it with a normally rl open contact incorporated in the electrical circuit on its line ~ serving for opening the control diaphra~m parallel to the second : normally open contact of ~he switch that operates on fully . opening the control diaphragm of the second gas turbine, and to arrange in series therewith the second normally open contact of ~ :
~ 10 the switch that operates on fully o~e-ning the control diaphragm : of a third ~as turbine, and to install one more switch for the third gas turbine operating when the third turbine starts running idle also having a normally open contact incorporated in the electrical control circuit serving for opening the control diaphragm in parallel with the normally open contact of the switch .:
. that operates on~fully opening the control diaphragm of the third ~ :~
gas turbineO -:
~; ~ The use of idle-run switches for the control diaphragm ~' ~, . of the gas turbine makes for improved reliability of the blast ., 20 furnace because when one of the gas turbines starts running idle ~- and the gas flow passing through it sharply drops the isodromic :
regulator transfers its control action to actuate the opening of : the control diaphragm of the next gas turbine and control ~ throttles, and thus an emergency rise of gas pressure under the 5~ shaft top of the blast furnace is preventedO
: It is desirable to furnish the stop diaphragm o~` the first gas turbine with a suitable switch operating on its emergency closure and having two normally open contacts and one normally closed contact and to incorporate the first normally open contact in the electrical control circuit on its line for opening the control throttle, directly in parallel with the contact of the idle-run switch, and the second normally open , , - - , , , ~, , . . : , .
:~72~S~ .
contact, in the electrical control circuit on its line serving to clos~e the control diaphragm of the second gas turbine in parallel with the normally open contact of the switch that operates on closing the control diaphragm of the first gas turbine, and to incorporate in series thèrewith the second normally open contact of the switch that operates on closing of the control throttle, and to incorporate the normally closed contact of the switch directly in the electrical control circuit of the isodromic regulator on the line that serves to control the drive for the control diaphragm of the ~irst gas turbine for closing thereof, and the stop diaphragm of the second gas : turbine to provide for a switch also having two normally open contacts and one normally closed contact, to incorporate the first normally open contact in the electrical control circuit on its line serving to open the control diaphragm of the first gas : turbine directly in parallel with the normally open contact of the idle-run switch for the second gas turbine, to incorporate :
the second normally open contact in the electrical control circuit on its line for closing the control diaphragm of the ... . .
third gas turbine in parallel to the normally open contact of:the switch that operates on closing the control diaphragm of the second gas turbine, and to incorporate in series therewith the second normally open contact of the switch that operates on closing the control diaphragm of the first gas turbine and to incorporate the normally closed contact of said switch directly in the electrical control circuit on its line for closing and a stop diaphragm of the third gas turbine having a switch with a normall~ open contact incorporated in the electrical control ~ circuit on its line for opening the control diaphragm of the second gas turbine directly in parallel with the normally open - ~ contact of the idle-run switch for the third gas turbine and one :
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normally closed contact incorporated directl~ in the electrical control circuit for closing the control diaphragm of the third gas turbineO ..
The use of switches on stop diaphragms of each gas turbine allows the reliable operation of a super-capacity blast furnace to be improved since once an emergency closure o~ t~e stop diaphragm in one of the utilization gas tur~ines and, correspondingly, a total discontinuance in ~low o~ blast-~urnace gas through it occur the transfer of the control action of isodromic regulator on opening the control diaphragm of the next gas turbine and the control throttles makes it possible to fully prevent or, at least, lessen the effect of the rise in the pressure of gas under the shaft top of a super-capacity blast furnace.
In order that the invention may be fully understood, an .
embodiment of the installation for controlling the pressure of gas under the sha~t top of the super-capacity.:. blast ~urnace according to the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the installation according to the invention:
Fig. 2 is an electrical wiring diagram of the control circuit for the installation.
The installation for controlling the pressure of gas : .
under the shaft top in a super-capacity blast furnace l(Figs. 1 and 2) includes a built-in outlet gas pipe 2 (Fig~ 1), a throttle assembly 3, and in this e~bodiment at least three gas turbines 4, 4a and 4b, connected to said outlet gas pipe 2 in parallel with each other and with said throttle assem~ly 3O The outlet pipes of each gas turbine 4, 4a and 4b, and also of the throttle assembly ;.
3 are integrated into the main gas pipe 5, which delivers ~last- :
furnace gas to the user (not shown in the Figures )O .
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The throttle assembly 3 has at least two con~rol throttles 6 and 7 arranged in parallel, with separate drives 8 and 9 for turning the throttles~ The control throttles 6 and 7 are provided with switches 10 and 11, which operate as the throttles are closed. In addition, the control throttle 7 is provided wikh a switch 12 which operates when said throttle 7 is fully open~
Each of the gas turbines 4, 4a, and 4~ ~las the : respective heater 13, 13a and 13b to heat the incoming blast-furnace gas, control diaphragm 1~, 14a and 14b, and stop diaphragm 15, 15a, and 15b.
The control diaphragms 14, 14a and 14b are provided with separate drives 16, 16a and 16b, respectively, which have switches 17, 17a and 17b operating when the respective control diaphragms are fully open, and also switches 18, 18a and 18b operating as the respective control diaphragms 14, 14a and 14b are turned for closing to the position which corresponds to a flow of the bl~st-furnace gas through the gas tur~ines whose rate is slightly above that at which the gas heaters 1~ 13a and 13b are switched off.
The drives 16 16a and 16b of the control diaphragms 14, 14a and 14b or the diaphragms themselves in each gas turbine 4, 4a and 4b are provided with the respective switches 19, l9a and l9b which operate on closing the control diaphragms to the position corresponding to the idle-run condi~ions of each gas turbine 4, 4a and 4b~
Each stop diaphragm 15, 15a and 15b in each gas turbine 4 4a and 4b is provided with the respective switch 20 20a or 20b which operates at the emergency closure of each stop diaphragm. : ~ -The installation.for controlling the pressure of gas . .
under the shaft top in the super-capacity blast furnace 1 is .
provided with an isodromic regulator 21 which is used to control the drives 8 and 9 o~ the control throttles 6 and 7 and also the drives 16, 16a and 16b of the control diaphragms 14, 14a and 14b in the gas turbines 4, 4a and 4b.
The output of the isodromic regulator 21 is connected with said drives through a logic control unit 22, and its input, with a sensor 23 of the gas pressure under the shaft top of the super-capacity blast furnace 1 and also with a pre-set controller 24, which is mounted on the control board (not shown in the Figure) of the super-capacity blast furnace 1.
Each drive 16, 16a and 16b of the control diaphragms 14, 14a and 14b has the respective magnetic amplifier 25 25a and 25b (Fig. 2) electrical servomechanism 26 26a and 26b and hydraulic servomotor 27, 27a and 27b.
Each drive 8 and 9 (Fig. 1) of the control throttles 6 and 7 has the respective magnetic amplifier 28 and 29 (Fig. 2) and electrical servomechanism 30 and 310 The logic control unit 22 (E'igO 1) actuates the contacts of the switches, whose electrical wiring diagram will ncw be described in detail with reference to Fig. 20 The output of the isodromic regulator 21 is connected by a three-wire arrangement (Fig. 1) to the inputs of the magnetic amplifiers 25, 25a 25b, 28 and 29 (Fig. 2), which actuate the electrical servomechanisms 26 26a 26b 30 and 310 An electrical control circuit 32 is intended to transmit a signal from the isodromic regulator 21 to said magnetic amplifiers for closing the control throttles 6 and 7 or the control diaphragms 14,14a and 14b.
An electrical control circu~ 33 i5 intend~d to transmit a signal from the isodromic regulator 21 to said magnetic --amplifiers for opening the control throttles 6 and 7 or the control diaphragms 14, 14a and 14b.
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The electrical control circuit 32, on its line for closing the control throttle 6 incorporates the normally closed contact of the switch 10, which breaks as the control throttle 6 is closed.
The electrical control circuit 33, on its line for opening the control throttle 6, incorporates the normally open contact of the switch 12, which is closed at the full opening of said control throttle 7.
The electrical control circuit 32, on its line for closing the control throttle 7, incorporates the normally closed contact of the switch 11, which breaks as the control throttle 7 is closed, and the normally open contact of the switch 10, which closes as the control throttle 6 is closed, both contacts being arranged in series.
The electrical control circuit 33 on the line used for opening the control throttle 7, incorporates the normally closed contact of the switch 12, which breaks as the control throttle 7 is opened, and the normally open contact of the switch 17, which closes at the full opening of the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine 4 (Fig. 1), both said contacts being arranged in series.
The normally open contacts of the switches 19 and 20 are connected in parallel with the normally open contact of the switch 17a, which operates at the full opening of the control diaphragm 14a of the gas turbine 4a.
The normally open contact o~ the switch 19 closes as the control diaphragm 14 o~ the gas turbine 4 is closed to the position corresponding to the idle-run conditions which is brought about by the action o~ the speed control system directly upon the hydraulic ser~omotor 27 (Fig. 2). The normally open contacts of the switch 20 close at an emergency closure of the stop diaphragm 15 (Fig. 1~ of the gas turbine 4O
~7~5~;
The electrical control circuit 32 (Fig. 2) on its line for closin~ the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine 4 (Fig. 1), incorporates the normally closed contact of the switch 18 the normally closed contact of the switch 20 (Fig. 2) and a normally open contact of the switch 11, operating as the control throttle 7 is opened, all these contacts being arranged in seriesO The normally closed contact of the switch 18 opens as the control diaphragm 14 is opened slightly to the position corresponding to a flow Gf gas through the gas turbine 4 (Fig. 4) whose rate is slightly above that at which the blast-furnace gas heater 13 is switched offO
The electrical control circuit 33 (Fig~ 2), on its line for opening the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine 4 (Fig. 1), incorporates the normally closed contact of the switch 17 and a normally open contact of the switch 17a, which closes at the full opening of the control diaphragm 14a of the gas turbine 4a, both contacts being arranged in series~
The normally open contacts of the switches l9a and 20a (Fig. 2) are connected in parallel with the normally open contact of the switch 17a (Fig. 2) through the normally open contact of the switch 17b,` which closes at the full opening of the control diaphragm 14b of the gas turbine 4b (Fig. l)o The normally open contact of the switch 19a closes as the control diaphragm 14a of the turbine 4 (FigO 1) is closed to the position corresponding to the idle-run conditions. The nor- ;
mally open contact of the switch 20a closes at an emergency closure of the stop diaphragm 15a of the gas turbine 4a.
The electrical control circuit 32 (Fig. 2), on the line for closing the control diaphragm 14a of the gas turbine 4a incorporates the following contacts arranged in series: the normally closed contacts of the switches 20a and 18a and the , .
normally open contact of the switch 18 which closes as the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine is turned.
The normally closed contact of the switch 20a opens at the emergency closure of the control diaphragm 15a ~Fig. 1) of the gas turbine 4a.
The normally closed contact of the switch 18a (Fig. 2) opens as the control diaphragm 14a is closed to the position corresponding to a flow of gas through the gas turbine 4a (FigO 1) whose rate is slightly above that at which the blast-furnace gas heater 13a is switched off.
In parallel with the normally open contact of the switch 18 (FigO 2) are connected the series-arranged normally open contacts of the switches 11 and 20~
The electrical control circuit 33, on theline for opening the control diaphragm 14a of the gas turbine 4a (Fig. 1), incorporates the normally closed contact of the switch 17a (FigO 2) and a normally open contact of the switch 17b, both contacts being connected in series. :
In parallel with the normally open contact of the switch 17b are connected the normally open contacts of the ~.
switches l9b and 20b~
'The normally open contact of the switch l9b closes ~:
as the control diaphragm 14b of the gas turbine 4b is partially closed to the position corresponding to the idle-run conditions.
The normally open contact of the switch 20b closes at an emergency closure of the control diaphragm 15b of the gas tur~ine 4bo The electrical control circuit 32t on its line ~or closing the control diaphragm 14b of the gas turbine 4b (Fig. 1), incorporates the following contacts, connected in series: the normally closed contacts of the s-~itches 20b ~FigO 2) and 18b and the normally open contact of the switch 18aO
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The normally closed contact of the switch 20b opens at an emergency closure of the stop diaphragm 15b (FigO 1 ) of the gas turbine 4bo The normally closed contact of the switch 18 (Fig~ 2) opens as the control diaphragm 14b is opened slightly to the position corresponding to a flow of gas through th0 gas turbine 4b whose rate is slightly above that at which the blast-furnace gas heater 13b is switched off.
In parallel with the normally open contact of the switch 18a are connected normally open contacts of the switches 18 and 20a which are arranged in ~eries. . .
The electrical control circuit 33 on its line for opening the control diaphragm 14b of the gas turbine 4b, incorpor- .
ates ~he normally closed contact of the switch 17b. . .:
The installation operates as followsO At the initial position, the control diaphragms 14, 14a and 14b and also both control throttles 6 and 7 are open, and the pressure of blast-furnace gas is equal to a set value.
When the pressure of gas under the shaft top of the .- .:
blast furnace 1 drops, the isodromic regulator 21 produces a signal whichenters the electrical control circuit 32 (Fig. 2) and through the normally closed contact of the switch 10 goes ; :
for closing the control throttle 6. The closure of the control throttle 6 causes triggering of the switch lO,its normally open contact closes and thereby let the signal from the :
isodromic regulator 21 pass through the electrical control circuit 32 for closing the second control throttle 7. Simul~aneously the normally closed contact of the switch 10 breaks, thereby removing the signal from the drive 8 (Fig~ 1) of the control throttle 6O
The closure of the control throttle 7 causes the normally closed contact of the switch 11 to break, thereby , ~:
~ 15 -~7Z~
removing the signal ~rom the drive 9 of the control throttle 7, while the closure of the normally open contact 11 transfers the signal from the isodromic regulator 21 to the drive 16 of the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine 4O The control diaphragm 14 is then closed to the position where it operates the switch 18, breaking its normally closed contact and thereby removing the signal from the drive 16 of the control diaphragm 14, and closing the normally open contac~, which switches the signal of the iso-dromic regulator 21 over to the drive 16a of the control diaphragm 14a of the gas turbine 4a.
Upon this, the control diaphragm 14a is closed to the position where it operates the switch 18a, breaking its normally closed contact and thus removing the signal from the drive 16a of the control diaphragm 14a, and closing the normally open contact, which switches the signal for closure from the isodromic regulator 21 over to the drive 16b of the control diaphragm 14b of the gas turbine 4b.
When the pressure o~- gas under the top shaft of the super-capacity blast furnace 1 rises the isodromic regulator 21 produces a signal which enters the electrical control circuit 33 (Fig~ 2) and through the normally closed contact of the switch 17b goes to the drive 16b (Fig. 1) of the control diaphragm 14b of the gas turbine 4bo The full opening of the control diaphragm 14b results in the operation of the switch 17b (Fig. 2), whose normally closed contact breaks and causes the removal of the signal from the drive 16b of the control diaphragm 14b. At the same time the normally open contact of the switch 17b closes, ~;
which makes it possible to transmit the signal for opening to the control diaphragm 14a of the gas turbine 4a (Fig. l)o In a similar way, khe operation of the switch 17a makes the signal of the isodromic regulator 21 go for opening the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine 4~ -~:.
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~2656 The operation of the switch 17 acts upon the drive 9 of the control throttle 7 and that of the switch 12, upon the drive 8 of the control throttle 60 Whenever the stop diaphragm 15 of the gas turbine 4 is closed in an emergency it operates the switch 20 (Fig. 2) breaking its normally closed contact and thus removing the signal of the isodromic regulator 21 from the electrical control circuit 32 in the line used for closing the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine 4 (Fig. l)o Simultaneously the normally open contact of the switch 20 closes, which makes it possible, while the control diaphragm 14a of the gas turbine 4a is full~ open and the switch 17a has been operated, to switch the signal of the isodromic regulator 21 over to the drive 9 of the control throttle -~.
7 bypassing the drive 16 of the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine 4, which has broken down, and after closing the control throttle 7 until the switch 11 is operated to transfer the signal of the isodromic regulator 21 to closing the control diaphragm l~a of the gas turbine 3a bypassing the control diaphragm 14 of the gas turbine 4. .
The installation operates in the same way whenever the control diaphragm 15a o~ the gas turbine 4a is closed in an ~ .
emergency and operates the switch 20a (FigO 2).
The similar effect has the operation of the switches 19, l9a and l9b whenever the respective gas turbine changes over to idle-run conditions, with the only di~e~ence being that the operation of the switches 19l l9a and l9b always involves the preceding operation of the switches 18, 18a and 18b/ whosa normally closed contacts breah the electrical circuit 32, which controls the drives 16 16a and 16b of the control diaphragms 14, 14a and 14b.
. 1 ~7'~5~
The tests of the installation according to the present invention confirmed its workability, increased output of the eIectric power (by 5-10 per cent) and higher accuracy of regulating the pressure of gas under the shaf-t top of the blast furnaceO
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Claims (3)
1. Installation for controlling the pressure of gas under the shaft top of a super-capacity blast furnace, including a throttle assembly built in the gas outlet pipe of said super-capacity blast furnace, wherein at least two control throttles arranged in parallel have separate drives with switches operating in the specified positions of said control throttles, at least two gas turbines connected to said gas outlet pipe in parallel with each other and with said throttle assembly, each of said turbines having a heater for the blast-furnace gas fed thereto, a control diaphragm and a stop diaphragm with separate drives for turning thereof, each said drive of the control diaphragm having a switch that operates on fully opening said control diaphragm, an isodromic regulator of the pressure of gas under the shaft top of said blast furnace, said isodromic regulator being electrically connected with said separate drives for said control throttles and said control diaphragms of said gas turbines through a logic control unit which controls the sequence of operation of said drives, each gas turbine being provided with a switch mounted on the control diaphragm of the respective gas turbine and operated on turning its control diaphragm for closing at the position corresponding to a specified flow of gas through this turbine whose rate is slightly above that at which the respective gas heater is switched off, said switch having a normally closed contact incorporated in an electrical control circuit of the isodromic regulator on its line for closing the control diaphragm of the respective gas turbine, and a normally open contact incorporated in the electrical control circuit of the isodromic regulator on its similar line for closing the control diaphragm of the second gas turbine, a similar switch of the second gas turbine also having a normally closed contact incorporated in the electrical control circuit of the iso-dromic regulator on its line to the separate drive for clos-ing the control diaphragm of the second gas turbine, and a normally open contact incorporated in the electrical control circuit on its similar line serving to control the control diaphragm of the third gas turbine, which allows successive action of the isodromic regulator on the drives for the control diaphragms of all said gas turbines to be carried out.
2. Installation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first gas turbine is provided with a switch mounted on its respective control diaphragm and operated on closing the respective control diaphragm to the position corresponding to idle-run conditions of said gas turbine, this switch having a normally open contact which is incorporated in the electrical control circuit on its line for opening said control throttle in parallel with a normally open contact of a switch operated on opening the control diaphragm, and in series with the second normally open contact of a switch operated on fully opening the control diaphragm of the second gas turbine, therein is provided a switch operating on changing over said gas turbine to idle-run conditions, said switch having a normally open contact incorporated in the electrical control circuit on its line for opening the respective control diaphragm in parallel with the second normally open contact of the switch that operates on fully opening the control diaphragm of the second gas turbine, and in series with the second normally open contact of a switch that operates on fully opening the control diaphragm of the third gas turbine, operating on changing over the third gas turbine to idle-run conditions and provided still for another switch also having a normally open contact incorporated in the electrical control circuit on its line for opening the respective control diaphragm at said gas turbine in parallel with a normally open contact of the switch that operates on fully opening the control diaphragm of the third gas turbine.
3. Installation as claimed in claims 1 or 2 wherein the stop diaphragm of the first gas turbine is provided with a switch, operating at an emergency closure and having two normally open contacts and one normally closed contact, the first normally open contact being incorporated into the electrical control circuit on its line for opening the respective control throttle directly in parallel with the contact of the idle-run switch, the second normally open contact being incorporated in the electrical control circuit on its line for closing the control diaphragm of the second gas turbine in parallel with the normally open contact of the switch that operates on closing the control diaphragm of the first gas turbine, and in series with the second normally open contact of a switch that operates on closing the respective control throttle, and the normally closed contact of the switch being directly incorporated into the electrical control circuit of said isodromic regulator on the line for closing the control diaphragm of said first gas turbine by means of its separate drive, and the stop diaphragm of the second gas turbine provided for the switch also having two normally open contacts and one normally closed contact, the first normally open contact being incorporated in the electrical control circuit on its line for opening the control diaphragm of the first gas turbine directly in parallel with the normally open contact of the idle-run switch of the second gas turbine, the second normally open contact being incorporated in the electrical control circuit on its line for closing the control diaphragm of the third gas turbine in parallel with the normally open contact of the switch that operates on closing the control diaphragm of the second gas turbine, and in series with the second normally open contact of the switch that operates on closing the control diaphragm of the first gas turbine, and the normally closed contact of said switch being incorporated directly in the electric control circuit on its line for closing the control diaphragm of the second gas turbine and a stop diaphragm of the third gas turbine provided for the switch having one normally open contact, incorporated in the electrical control circuit on its line for opening the control diaphragm of the second gas turbine directly in parallel with the normally open contact of the idle-run switch for the third gas turbine, and one normally closed contact incorporated directly in the electrical control circuit on its line for closing the control diaphragm of the third gas turbine.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SU2113551 | 1975-03-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1072656A true CA1072656A (en) | 1980-02-26 |
Family
ID=20612743
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA248,413A Expired CA1072656A (en) | 1975-03-27 | 1976-03-18 | Installation for controlling pressure of gas under shaft top in super-capacity blast furnace |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1072656A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES446425A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2305498A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1537709A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE416406B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4487187A (en) * | 1982-12-10 | 1984-12-11 | Don Petro | Electronically controlled fluid floro regulating system |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5377942A (en) * | 1976-12-20 | 1978-07-10 | Nippon Steel Corp | Energy collect on system for turbine utilizing high pressured last at top furnace |
| US4192489A (en) * | 1977-07-22 | 1980-03-11 | Babich Vladimir A | Control system for an installation utilizing pressure energy of outgoing blast-furnace gas |
| FR2488941A1 (en) * | 1980-08-20 | 1982-02-26 | Nippon Steel Corp | Generating power from top pressure of blast furnaces - by directing top gas to turbines connected in tandem to electric generator |
| DE3130913C2 (en) * | 1981-08-05 | 1984-03-29 | Gottfried Bischoff Bau kompl. Gasreinigungs- und Wasserrückkühlanlagen GmbH & Co KG, 4300 Essen | Method for operating a blast furnace system |
-
1976
- 1976-03-18 CA CA248,413A patent/CA1072656A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-25 SE SE7603639A patent/SE416406B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-03-25 FR FR7608750A patent/FR2305498A1/en active Granted
- 1976-03-26 ES ES446425A patent/ES446425A1/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-29 GB GB12519/76A patent/GB1537709A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4487187A (en) * | 1982-12-10 | 1984-12-11 | Don Petro | Electronically controlled fluid floro regulating system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2305498A1 (en) | 1976-10-22 |
| SE416406B (en) | 1980-12-22 |
| FR2305498B1 (en) | 1978-11-17 |
| GB1537709A (en) | 1979-01-04 |
| SE7603639L (en) | 1976-09-28 |
| ES446425A1 (en) | 1977-07-01 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |