CA1066869A - Metallurgical compositions - Google Patents
Metallurgical compositionsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1066869A CA1066869A CA243,038A CA243038A CA1066869A CA 1066869 A CA1066869 A CA 1066869A CA 243038 A CA243038 A CA 243038A CA 1066869 A CA1066869 A CA 1066869A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- refractory material
- slag
- cavity
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
It is known to fill errosion holes in ingot mould bottoms, and other holes in ferrous metal bodies, with metal produced in situ by exothermic reaction. By the present invention, the exothermic composition is used in conjunction with a particulate refractory material. The refractory is bound by a matrix of solidified slag, produced by the reaction, to form a non-metallic filling having a working surface providing a high resistance to thermal shock. A metal phase is produced by the reaction but is merely incidental.
It is known to fill errosion holes in ingot mould bottoms, and other holes in ferrous metal bodies, with metal produced in situ by exothermic reaction. By the present invention, the exothermic composition is used in conjunction with a particulate refractory material. The refractory is bound by a matrix of solidified slag, produced by the reaction, to form a non-metallic filling having a working surface providing a high resistance to thermal shock. A metal phase is produced by the reaction but is merely incidental.
Description
r~he pre~ent invention relates -to the repairing o~
~e.rrous metal bodies, egO mould components, by heat ~enexatin~ compositions.
~ in~ot mould usually con6ists of an open ended cas-t iron bod~ eg~ o~ rectangular cross section, sligh-tly tapered internally to facilitate removal o~ the solidified ingot~ Tbe mould i~ set on a cas* iron ba~e which forms the bottom of the mouldin~ cavity. ~his same base is used with moulds of different sizes which are arranged centrall~ located on the base. ~he molten metal poured in from the top of the mould in castin~ the ingots thus tends always to impinge upon the same region of the base. ~he resulting progressive erosion eventually produces a hole o~ unacceptable depth.
~he present in~ention is based upon the discovery that an acceptable rapair may be achieved by filling the hole to ~ -produce a workin~ sur~ace of a wear-resisting no~-metallic inorganic material ~ormed in situ~
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention , , there is pxovided a method of repairing a body of ~errous -metal by filling the surface forming~ a cavit~ in said bod~
which method comprises in-troducing into the ca~ity a heat generating composition in the form o~ a ~irst metal in particulate metallic form a~d a second metal i~ the form of a compound reactable exothermically with the first metal to 25~ yield the second metal i~ the fused metallic ~tate a~d a ~ molten slag cont~ining the first metal in an oxidi~ed ~tate, , ~ , .
~ exothermicall~ reacting the compositio~ in the cavity to :
form the molten ~la~ and fused second metal therei~ also ~ introducin~ into the ca~it~-a no~-metallic re~ractor~ materail ; 3~ ~ in the form of particlesi 9 and allowing the second me-tal and the sla~ to set to the solid s-tate with the islag bin~ing the :
~0~;6869 : particles o~ re~rac-tory materi~l together, so thnt the cavity is f`illed at least partially by solidified material having an upper ~one of solid sla~ and ~ound refractory material and a lower zone o~ solidi~ied second metal.
In accordance wi-th another aspect o~ the present invention there is provided a compo~ition for use i.n the filling of a hole in a ferrous metal body which compri.seæ (1) a mixture reactable o~ i~nition to yield a molte~ ~lag containi~g a `~ Pirst metal in an oxidised s-tate and a second metal in the fused metallic state by reaction of the first metal pro~ided i~
: particulate metallic form with the second metal provided in the .
form of a compound reactable exothermically with the first metal and (2) a refractory material of the ceramic type in ;
~ particulate ~orm and present in an amount such as to be bound ,~ 15 together b~ the sla~ when the slag has solidified by cooling.
,.; ~hermite has bee~ used previousl~ for the present purpose 7 ~:
j but in such a manner as to ~ill the hole with a weld button of : mietallic iron. ~he slag produced ~y the exothermic reaction ~ ~
`, i3 aD u~wanted product which is discarded. ~he re~ult is : ~:
,'J~ 20 imperfe¢t in that the molten metal ca~ fuse with the metal of the button so ~hat the button is pulled out of the hole when ,, the i~got is stripped from the ba~e. In contrast the present ~::
-~ compo~ition is used in such a manner that the hole is ~inished " . ~ :
,, ~ with the refractory material bound b~ the ~lag. Underlying the slag is a weld-button producod a~ a b~-product o~ the reaction.
Its presence is incide~tal and the working surPace i~ provided :
by the bound refrac~ory material which providos the workin~
.~ . ~ .. .
surface and has a high resistanoe to thermal shock. A~ the 3:: bound re~rac~ory material is wor~ awsy with continued use, it ~ .
ma~ be re~iaired us~ng appropriate amounts o~ the composition 1 - 3 - :
~ B :
. .
~ - .~ - . .. - .
... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
66~69 including the re~`rac-tory adcli-tlon, be~`ore the weld butt;on is exposed~
~he refrac~ory material of the composition may be of the :Eired-clay or other ceramic type. aonvenien-tly, there may be used firebrick (e~g. reco~ered from steelwork~) which has been reduced to particulate form, e.g~ by crushing~ Al-ter~ative refxactory ma-terials are siliconicarbide, magnesite, alumino silicates, burned dolomite~ alumina and mixtures o~ these materials. Magnesite is attractive because o~ its favourablR
cowe~ficient o~ expansion. ~he particle size is not critical, a~d for mo~ purposes a suitable finish is obtained using particulate ~irebrick or other refractory material of coarse grade. Good results have been obtained with firebrick sieved to less tha~ one-eigh~h inch. Improved resul-ts have been ~-obtained with firebrick granulss which pas~ a half inch sieve but are retained on an eighth inch sieve, probably because of the avoidance of fine particles ha~ing a relatively high solubility in the slag~
~ suitable proportion of -the re~ractor~ material may be
~e.rrous metal bodies, egO mould components, by heat ~enexatin~ compositions.
~ in~ot mould usually con6ists of an open ended cas-t iron bod~ eg~ o~ rectangular cross section, sligh-tly tapered internally to facilitate removal o~ the solidified ingot~ Tbe mould i~ set on a cas* iron ba~e which forms the bottom of the mouldin~ cavity. ~his same base is used with moulds of different sizes which are arranged centrall~ located on the base. ~he molten metal poured in from the top of the mould in castin~ the ingots thus tends always to impinge upon the same region of the base. ~he resulting progressive erosion eventually produces a hole o~ unacceptable depth.
~he present in~ention is based upon the discovery that an acceptable rapair may be achieved by filling the hole to ~ -produce a workin~ sur~ace of a wear-resisting no~-metallic inorganic material ~ormed in situ~
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention , , there is pxovided a method of repairing a body of ~errous -metal by filling the surface forming~ a cavit~ in said bod~
which method comprises in-troducing into the ca~ity a heat generating composition in the form o~ a ~irst metal in particulate metallic form a~d a second metal i~ the form of a compound reactable exothermically with the first metal to 25~ yield the second metal i~ the fused metallic ~tate a~d a ~ molten slag cont~ining the first metal in an oxidi~ed ~tate, , ~ , .
~ exothermicall~ reacting the compositio~ in the cavity to :
form the molten ~la~ and fused second metal therei~ also ~ introducin~ into the ca~it~-a no~-metallic re~ractor~ materail ; 3~ ~ in the form of particlesi 9 and allowing the second me-tal and the sla~ to set to the solid s-tate with the islag bin~ing the :
~0~;6869 : particles o~ re~rac-tory materi~l together, so thnt the cavity is f`illed at least partially by solidified material having an upper ~one of solid sla~ and ~ound refractory material and a lower zone o~ solidi~ied second metal.
In accordance wi-th another aspect o~ the present invention there is provided a compo~ition for use i.n the filling of a hole in a ferrous metal body which compri.seæ (1) a mixture reactable o~ i~nition to yield a molte~ ~lag containi~g a `~ Pirst metal in an oxidised s-tate and a second metal in the fused metallic state by reaction of the first metal pro~ided i~
: particulate metallic form with the second metal provided in the .
form of a compound reactable exothermically with the first metal and (2) a refractory material of the ceramic type in ;
~ particulate ~orm and present in an amount such as to be bound ,~ 15 together b~ the sla~ when the slag has solidified by cooling.
,.; ~hermite has bee~ used previousl~ for the present purpose 7 ~:
j but in such a manner as to ~ill the hole with a weld button of : mietallic iron. ~he slag produced ~y the exothermic reaction ~ ~
`, i3 aD u~wanted product which is discarded. ~he re~ult is : ~:
,'J~ 20 imperfe¢t in that the molten metal ca~ fuse with the metal of the button so ~hat the button is pulled out of the hole when ,, the i~got is stripped from the ba~e. In contrast the present ~::
-~ compo~ition is used in such a manner that the hole is ~inished " . ~ :
,, ~ with the refractory material bound b~ the ~lag. Underlying the slag is a weld-button producod a~ a b~-product o~ the reaction.
Its presence is incide~tal and the working surPace i~ provided :
by the bound refrac~ory material which providos the workin~
.~ . ~ .. .
surface and has a high resistanoe to thermal shock. A~ the 3:: bound re~rac~ory material is wor~ awsy with continued use, it ~ .
ma~ be re~iaired us~ng appropriate amounts o~ the composition 1 - 3 - :
~ B :
. .
~ - .~ - . .. - .
... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
66~69 including the re~`rac-tory adcli-tlon, be~`ore the weld butt;on is exposed~
~he refrac~ory material of the composition may be of the :Eired-clay or other ceramic type. aonvenien-tly, there may be used firebrick (e~g. reco~ered from steelwork~) which has been reduced to particulate form, e.g~ by crushing~ Al-ter~ative refxactory ma-terials are siliconicarbide, magnesite, alumino silicates, burned dolomite~ alumina and mixtures o~ these materials. Magnesite is attractive because o~ its favourablR
cowe~ficient o~ expansion. ~he particle size is not critical, a~d for mo~ purposes a suitable finish is obtained using particulate ~irebrick or other refractory material of coarse grade. Good results have been obtained with firebrick sieved to less tha~ one-eigh~h inch. Improved resul-ts have been ~-obtained with firebrick granulss which pas~ a half inch sieve but are retained on an eighth inch sieve, probably because of the avoidance of fine particles ha~ing a relatively high solubility in the slag~
~ suitable proportion of -the re~ractor~ material may be
2~ asoer~ained b~ simple experiment. Using crushed ~irsbrick in an amount of from 15 to 30~, preferably about 20% based on the weight o~ the composition gives satis~actor~ results with thermite containi~g from 60 to 70~ by weigh-t o~ aluminium calculatea at A1203 Accordin~ to a modification uf the method a~ hereinbefore de~cribed7 the particulate r~fraGtory material or a part thereo~
i~ introduced into -the ~la~ formed in the bole whilst the slag i~ sti11 in the molten sta~e. ~ypicall~ the re~ractor~ material i5 mixed with the slag by stirring~
'rhe acoompanying self-explanatory drawing is given i~ order to illustrate the invention~
~ 4 _ ~, .
1~668~;~
In the drawings:
Figure 1 is a plan view of an inyot mould base haviny an erosion hole filled with a particula-te composition according to the invention, and Figure 2 is a vertical cross-section along the line 2-2 of Figure 1.
"~
, " .
. ~ :' .
~:
." .
,....
,!~ ': : :
~', . ..
. . ~. ;~, .
.'. ' ' ' ' '~ ~ '.,:
'' . :'.
: ,~ .:
' :''' .: :
:
~`:'' . : ~' '':' ' ~ ..
: ' ~ : 5 ~ -: :
i~ introduced into -the ~la~ formed in the bole whilst the slag i~ sti11 in the molten sta~e. ~ypicall~ the re~ractor~ material i5 mixed with the slag by stirring~
'rhe acoompanying self-explanatory drawing is given i~ order to illustrate the invention~
~ 4 _ ~, .
1~668~;~
In the drawings:
Figure 1 is a plan view of an inyot mould base haviny an erosion hole filled with a particula-te composition according to the invention, and Figure 2 is a vertical cross-section along the line 2-2 of Figure 1.
"~
, " .
. ~ :' .
~:
." .
,....
,!~ ': : :
~', . ..
. . ~. ;~, .
.'. ' ' ' ' '~ ~ '.,:
'' . :'.
: ,~ .:
' :''' .: :
:
~`:'' . : ~' '':' ' ~ ..
: ' ~ : 5 ~ -: :
Claims (15)
1. A method of repairing a body of ferrous metal by filling the surface forming a cavity in said body which method comprises introducing into the cavity a heat generating composition in the form of a first metal in particulate metallic form and a second metal in the form of a compound reactable exothermically with the first metal to yield the second metal in the fused metallic state and a molten slag containing the first metal in an oxidised state, exothermically reacting the composition in the cavity to form the molten slag and fused second metal therein, also introducing into the cavity a non-metallic refractory material in the form of particles, and allowing the second metal and the slag to set to the solid state with the slag binding the particles of refractory material together, so that the cavity is filled at least partially by solidified material having an upper zone of solid slag and bound refractory material and a lower zone of solidified second metal.
2. A method according to claim 1 in which the particulate refractory material is introduced into the hole in admixture with the heat generating composition.
3. A method according to claim 1 in which the particulate refractory material is added to the slag whilst the slag is in the molten state in the hole.
4. A method according to claim 1 in which the heat generating composition is a mixture of aluminium powder and ferric oxide.
5. A method according to claim 1 in which the refractory material is of the fired clay type.
6. A method according to claim 6 in which the refractory material is firebrick material which has been reduced to particulate form.
7. A method according to claim 1 in which the refractory material is present in an amount of from 15 to 30% based on the total weight of the composition.
8. A method according to claim 1 in which the body of ferrous metal is formed of cast iron.
9. A method according to claim 8 in which the body of ferrous metal is an ingot mould base.
10. A method of repairing a body of ferrous metal by filling the surface forming a cavity in said body, said method comprising the steps of introducing into the cavity a heat generating composition in the form of a first metal in particulate metallic form and a second metal in the form of a compound reactable exothermically with the first metal to yield the second metal in the fused metallic state and a molten slag containing the first metal in an oxidized state, exothermically reacting the composition in the cavity to form the molten slag and fused second metal therein, also introducing into the cavity a non-metallic refractory material in the form of particles, and allowing the second metal and the slag to set to the solid state so that the cavity is filled at least partially by solidified material having an upper zone of solid slag and refractory material and a lower zone of solidified second metal.
11. A composition for use in the filling of a hole in a ferrous metal body which comprises (1) a mixture reactable on ignition to yield a molten slag containing a first metal in an oxidised state and a second metal in the fused metallic state by reaction of the first metal provided in particulate metallic form with the second metal provided in the form of a compound reactable exothermically with the first metal and (2) a refractory material of the ceramic type in particulate form and present in an amount such as to be bound together by the slag when the slag has solidified by cooling.
12. A composition according to Claim 11 in which the refractory material is firebrick which has been reduced to the particulate form.
13. A composition according to either of Claims 11 or 12 in which the refractory material has been sieved to a particle size of less than one eighth inch.
14. A composition according to either of Claims 11 or 12 in which the refractory material has been sieved to pass a half inch sieve but to be retained on an eighth inch sieve.
15. A composition according to either of Claims 11 or 12 in which the first metal is aluminium and the second metal is iron in the form of ferric or other iron oxide.
15. A composition according to either of Claims 11 or 12 in which the first metal is aluminium and the second metal is iron in the form of ferric or other iron oxide.
15. A composition according to either of Claims 11 or 12 in which the refractory material is present in an amount of from 15 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA243,038A CA1066869A (en) | 1976-01-06 | 1976-01-06 | Metallurgical compositions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA243,038A CA1066869A (en) | 1976-01-06 | 1976-01-06 | Metallurgical compositions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1066869A true CA1066869A (en) | 1979-11-27 |
Family
ID=4104910
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA243,038A Expired CA1066869A (en) | 1976-01-06 | 1976-01-06 | Metallurgical compositions |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1066869A (en) |
-
1976
- 1976-01-06 CA CA243,038A patent/CA1066869A/en not_active Expired
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