CA1061144A - Dowel assembly with axially deformable spacer ring - Google Patents
Dowel assembly with axially deformable spacer ringInfo
- Publication number
- CA1061144A CA1061144A CA284,483A CA284483A CA1061144A CA 1061144 A CA1061144 A CA 1061144A CA 284483 A CA284483 A CA 284483A CA 1061144 A CA1061144 A CA 1061144A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- sleeve
- dowel assembly
- spacer ring
- set forth
- trailing end
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NQLVQOSNDJXLKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N prosulfocarb Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C(=O)SCC1=CC=CC=C1 NQLVQOSNDJXLKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
- F16B13/045—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front having axially compressing parts allowing the clamping of an object tightly to the wall
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
- F16B13/06—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve
- F16B13/063—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander
- F16B13/066—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander fastened by extracting a separate expander-part, actuated by the screw, nail or the like
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dowels (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A dowel assembly includes an expansion sleeve, a tie rod with an expanding body attached to it for radially expanding the sleeve, and an end support on the tie rod for holding a member against the surface of the receiving material into which the dowel assembly is anchored. For adjusting the distance of the end support from the surface of the receiving material, an axially deformable spacer ring and a distance sleeve are positioned between the expansion sleeve and the end support. After the expansion sleeve is anchored to the receiving material, further torque applied to the end support starts to deform the spacer ring. The spacer ring is formed in sections which axially deform relative to one another in a tele-scoping manner.
....
A dowel assembly includes an expansion sleeve, a tie rod with an expanding body attached to it for radially expanding the sleeve, and an end support on the tie rod for holding a member against the surface of the receiving material into which the dowel assembly is anchored. For adjusting the distance of the end support from the surface of the receiving material, an axially deformable spacer ring and a distance sleeve are positioned between the expansion sleeve and the end support. After the expansion sleeve is anchored to the receiving material, further torque applied to the end support starts to deform the spacer ring. The spacer ring is formed in sections which axially deform relative to one another in a tele-scoping manner.
....
Description
The present invention is directed to a dowel assembly including an expansion sleeve, an expanding body which ~s pulled into the expansion sleeve by means of a tie rod, and an end support on the tie rod for holding members against the receiving material into which the dowel assembly is anchored. More specifically, the invention concerns an axially deformable spacer ring bearing against the trailing end of the expansion sleeve so that, after the sleeve is anchored, the spacer ring deforms in the axial direction due to the appllcatio~ ~ to~ue to wor~ing surf~ces on the end support.
Expansion dowels of the type to which the invention is directed, are anchored in a borehole in a receiving material by pulling the expanding body into the leading end of the expansion sleeve with the sleeve bearing at its trailing end on the end support of the tie rod. The expanding body can be formed integrally with the tie rod or it can be attached to the tie rod over a threaded connection. In one type, the tie rod can be in the form of a stud threaded on its trailing end so that a nut threaded on the trailing end acts as the end support. In addition, the tie rod can be in the form of a bolt where the bol~ head provides the end support and the expanding body is screwed onto a thread on the leading end of the tie rod~
These various dowels have the advantage that they can be anchored in the receiving material independently of any stops.
However, once anchored, the end support cannot be moved in the axial direction which is sometimes necessary for fastening a member to the receiving material. If a member, such as a beam, a plate or similar element, is to be fastened on the surface of the receiving material, once the expansion sleeve is anchored, there is no further axial force component available for secuxely f~
holding the member against tha receiving material.
In the past, attempts have been made to overcome this problem by using a plastic sleeve positioned between the end support and the expansion sleeve with the plastic sleeve being so rigid that it braces the expansion sleeve against the end support during the anchoring operation and ~hen is deformable in the axial direction after the predetermined anchoring values have been reached. This permits the end support to be moved axially toward the surface of the receiving material for secuxing a member against its surface. This solution has various draw~
backs so that its use is not completely satisfactory. The relatively great rigidity of the plastic sleeve, which is necessary because of the forces absorbed during the anchoring operation, has the effect that very considerable forces are required for commencing the deformation of the sleeve.
These forces increase with increasing deformation to such an extent that the torque to be applied on the end support no longer suffices to tighten the member to be fastened on its entire periphery against the receiving material. Moreover, these plastic sleeves are unsuitable for absorbing the shearing forces acting on the member being fastened. These shearing forces must be absorbed bv the trailing end portion of the expansion sleeve or by the tie rod itself and, therefore, can lead to overstressing of these elements.
The primary object of the present invention is to provide a dowel assembly which permits axial movement of the ...... .... .
end support on the tie rod toward the receiving material after the expansion sleeve has been anchored and also to afford a structure suitable for guiding and absorbing shearing forces developed in the range of the end support.
In accordance with the present invention, the dowel assembly incorporates a spacer assembly arranged betwe0n the trailing end of the expansion sleeve and the end support on the tie rod with the spacer assembly consisting of an annular distance separator, having a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the expansion sleeve, extending from the end support toward the .. .. .
expansion sleeve, and with an axially deformable spacer ring extending between the adjacent ends of the expansion sleeve and the distance separator. After the expansion sleeve is anchored, the application of further torque on the end support develops an initial deformation force which starts the axial deformation of the spacer ring after which subsequent further deformation -requires a smaller deformation force.
The deformable spacer ring embodying t~e present invention, braces the expansion sleeve against the end support to achieve a sufficient anchorage of the dowel assembly in the receiving material and, further, it permits aufficient axial movement of the end support toward the receiving material after the sufficient anchoring value of the dowel has been reached.
The initial deformation force for commencing the collapse of the spacer ring is greater than the force required to attain the required anchoring value. After the axial deformation of the . . .
spacer ring has commenced, the force needed for further deformation drops to a value which can be between one-tenth to one-fifth of the initial deformation force. In this way, only a fraction of the torque initially applied to the end support is necessary for the further axial deformation of the spacer ring. The major part of the torque is available for tightening the member ayainst the surface of the receiving material. The remaining deformat:ion force acting on the ring spacer ensures a permanent frictional connection between the end support and the expansion sleeve.
The distance separator extending axially between the end support and the spacer ring permits movement of the spacer ring within the borehole inthe receiving material. The spacer ring is completely protected against any outside influences.
Furthermore, the movement of the distance separator into the interior of the borehole is advantageous for visual observation of the anchoring operaticn. The distance separator of the present invention affords an effective guide for the member being secured to the receiving material. Since the outside diameter of the expansion sleeve is substantially the same as the outside diameter of the distance separator, the dowel can be inserted in a simple manner through a recess or opening in the member to be fastened to the receiving material. Moreover, the shearing surface of the distance separator is added to that of the tie rod whereby considerably hiqher shearing forces acting on the member to be fastened to the recei~ing material, can be absorbedO
Preferably, the spacer ring is formed as a stepped sleeve with one part having a different range of diameters than the other part and with the parts having approximately the same axial length and about the same wall thickness. The outside diameter of one part of the stepped sleeve corresponds substantially to the inside diameter of the other part. Such ring parts forming a stepped sleeve can be telescoped one into the other to afford an axial deformation of the sleeve.
Initially rup~uring the parts of the stepped sle~ve at their junction requires a certaininitial deformation force which is larger than the forces needed to be effect the telescoping action of the parts once the initial rupturing has been accomplished.
The orce required for telescoping the sleeve parts can be controlled by the constructional design of the sleeve.
As with the spacer ring just described, the parts can be formed integrally. Other possibilities are available for connecting the two different diameter sleeve parts, such as by cementing them together over a short telescoping range or by joining them toge~her by a press fit. Each of these types of spacer ring sleeves can be axially shortened by telescoping the two parts with different diameters, one into the other, with the initial deformation force commencing the telescoping action.
Either plastic or metal can be used as the material for forming the stepped sleeves. With parts of different diameters connected to one another by cementing or pressed fit, different materials can be used to form the same sleeve. In another embodiment of the invention, the spacer ring can be formed of two sheet metal sleeves in partly telescoping relation with the inner sleeve having a much smaller outside diameter than the inside diameter of the outer sleeve. With such an arrangement,an annular space is provided between the two sleeves in which a rubber layer is vulcanized.
This spacer ring can be axially shortened by telescoping the two sheet metal sleeves spaced apart in the axial direction with the initial deformation being equivalent to that mentioned above. The initial i deformation force causes the gripping contact between the rubber layer and one of the sheet metal sleeves to be interrupted.
The elasticity of the rubber layer ensures that a force is required for further telescoping of the sleeves which can be controlled by the suitable selection of the material forming the rubber layer and also by the dimensioning of the sheet metal sleeves.
Still another embodiment of the spacer ring includes a sleeve-like arrangement of brittle material which disintegrates into small parts under compressive stress. PreferablyO such a sleeve is enclosed by a metal or plastic jacket which protects the brittle matarial sleeve against forces which can occur during shipping or when the dowel is inserted into a borehole.
Further, the jacket ensures the frictional connection between the expansion sleeve ~nd the distance separator after the brittle material sleeve has disintegrated into small parts due to the compressive stress corresponding to the initial deformation force. The jacket can be deformed by a smaller force than the initial deformation force.
The noticeable collapse of the brittle material sleeve serves as an indication that the sufficient anchoring values of the dowel have been attained. The same effect can be obtained with a ring-shaped body designed as a compound body which includes the above-mentioned properties.
The brittle material sleeve can be formed of ceramic material or glass. Ceramic material has the advantage that an anti-corrosive agent, for example, one having an oil or fatty base, can be incorporated into the sleeve as in sintered bearings.
The various features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and specific objects attained by its use, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which there are illustrated and described preferred embodiments of the invention.
In the Drawing:
Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a dowel assembly embodying the present invention, anchored into a borehole in a receiving material at the minimum anchoring values, and with the spacer ring in the undeformed condition;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view similar to Figure 1 but with the spacer ring deformed; and Figures 3 - 6 are longitudinal sectional views of other embodiments of the spacer ring.
In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, a member 2 such as a plate, a bar, a beam or the like is secured by means of a dowel assembly 1 to a receiving material 3. To effect the attachment of the member 2, it has a bore ox opening 5 aligned with the blind borehole 5 in the receiving material so that the dowel assembly can be inserted through the opening 5 into the borehole 5.
Dowel assembly 1 consists of an axially elongated bolt 6 with its bolt head 7 serving as an end support with a conventional washer 8 positioned between the bolt head and the surface of the member 2. The bolt has a thread at: its leading end, that is li the end inserted first into the borehole and the leading end has a thread 9 on which an expanding body 10 is screwed. Laterally surrounding the leading end part of the tie rod or bolt 6 i5 an expansion sleeve 11. sy pulling the expansion body 10 in the direction of the ~railing end of the sleeve, that is, the end adjacent the end support or head 7, the body forces the expansion sleeve radially outwardly into anchored engagement with the surface of the borehole 5. To facilitate the radial expansion of the sleeve 11 it is provided with axially elongated slots 12 extending from its leading end toward its trailing end. The trailing end of the expansion sleeve 11 is located midway between the ends of the bolt ~ within the borehole 5 and a spacer assembly extends from the trailing end of the expansion sleeve to the end support provided by the washer 8 and the bolt head 7.
The spacer assembly consists of a spacer ring 13 in the form of a stepped sleeve. The stepped sleeve 13 can be formed of plastic.
Extending rearwardly from the sleeve 13 is a distance separator 14 with a leading end contacting sleeve 13, and a trailing end operatively engageable by head 7 in this case through the medium of .. . .. .... . .. .
washer 8 such as is well known in the art.
To attain the condition of the dowel assembly shown in Figure 1, it is inserted through the opening 4 in member 2 into the boreholP 5 of the receiving material 3. By applying torque on the lateral working surfaces of head 7 of the bolt 5, the expanding body 19 is displaced rearwardly into the expansion sleeve, that is, from its leading end toward its trailing end, with the expansion sleeve bearing on the end support or head 7 over the spacer ring 13 and the distance separator 14 along with the washer 8. As represented in Figure 1, the expansion sleeve 11 has been widened in the radial direction and is anchored in the borehole 5 of the receiving material 3. As shown in Figure 1, the anchorage of the expansion sleeve is independent of the bearing of the dowel assembly 1 on member 2 or receiving material 3.
AS indicated in Figure 1 a small interval "z" still remains between the ~uxtaposed surfaces of the receiving material 3 and the member 2. This separation is due to exterior influences, . . .
such as unevenness of the receiving material 3 or sagging of the member 2.
The application of torque to the head or end support of the bolt 6, after the predetermined anchoring value of the expansion sleeve has been reached, has the result that the spacer ring or stepped sleeve 13 is axially shortened after an initial deformation force is achieve. Such deformation permits the distance separator 14 to move axially into the borehole 5 toward the expansion sleeve 11 3LV~ A.~
~hus permitting the head 7 to bear against member 3 through the washer 8. Further application of torque to the head 7 further telescopes the stepped ring 13 and progressively presses the member
Expansion dowels of the type to which the invention is directed, are anchored in a borehole in a receiving material by pulling the expanding body into the leading end of the expansion sleeve with the sleeve bearing at its trailing end on the end support of the tie rod. The expanding body can be formed integrally with the tie rod or it can be attached to the tie rod over a threaded connection. In one type, the tie rod can be in the form of a stud threaded on its trailing end so that a nut threaded on the trailing end acts as the end support. In addition, the tie rod can be in the form of a bolt where the bol~ head provides the end support and the expanding body is screwed onto a thread on the leading end of the tie rod~
These various dowels have the advantage that they can be anchored in the receiving material independently of any stops.
However, once anchored, the end support cannot be moved in the axial direction which is sometimes necessary for fastening a member to the receiving material. If a member, such as a beam, a plate or similar element, is to be fastened on the surface of the receiving material, once the expansion sleeve is anchored, there is no further axial force component available for secuxely f~
holding the member against tha receiving material.
In the past, attempts have been made to overcome this problem by using a plastic sleeve positioned between the end support and the expansion sleeve with the plastic sleeve being so rigid that it braces the expansion sleeve against the end support during the anchoring operation and ~hen is deformable in the axial direction after the predetermined anchoring values have been reached. This permits the end support to be moved axially toward the surface of the receiving material for secuxing a member against its surface. This solution has various draw~
backs so that its use is not completely satisfactory. The relatively great rigidity of the plastic sleeve, which is necessary because of the forces absorbed during the anchoring operation, has the effect that very considerable forces are required for commencing the deformation of the sleeve.
These forces increase with increasing deformation to such an extent that the torque to be applied on the end support no longer suffices to tighten the member to be fastened on its entire periphery against the receiving material. Moreover, these plastic sleeves are unsuitable for absorbing the shearing forces acting on the member being fastened. These shearing forces must be absorbed bv the trailing end portion of the expansion sleeve or by the tie rod itself and, therefore, can lead to overstressing of these elements.
The primary object of the present invention is to provide a dowel assembly which permits axial movement of the ...... .... .
end support on the tie rod toward the receiving material after the expansion sleeve has been anchored and also to afford a structure suitable for guiding and absorbing shearing forces developed in the range of the end support.
In accordance with the present invention, the dowel assembly incorporates a spacer assembly arranged betwe0n the trailing end of the expansion sleeve and the end support on the tie rod with the spacer assembly consisting of an annular distance separator, having a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the expansion sleeve, extending from the end support toward the .. .. .
expansion sleeve, and with an axially deformable spacer ring extending between the adjacent ends of the expansion sleeve and the distance separator. After the expansion sleeve is anchored, the application of further torque on the end support develops an initial deformation force which starts the axial deformation of the spacer ring after which subsequent further deformation -requires a smaller deformation force.
The deformable spacer ring embodying t~e present invention, braces the expansion sleeve against the end support to achieve a sufficient anchorage of the dowel assembly in the receiving material and, further, it permits aufficient axial movement of the end support toward the receiving material after the sufficient anchoring value of the dowel has been reached.
The initial deformation force for commencing the collapse of the spacer ring is greater than the force required to attain the required anchoring value. After the axial deformation of the . . .
spacer ring has commenced, the force needed for further deformation drops to a value which can be between one-tenth to one-fifth of the initial deformation force. In this way, only a fraction of the torque initially applied to the end support is necessary for the further axial deformation of the spacer ring. The major part of the torque is available for tightening the member ayainst the surface of the receiving material. The remaining deformat:ion force acting on the ring spacer ensures a permanent frictional connection between the end support and the expansion sleeve.
The distance separator extending axially between the end support and the spacer ring permits movement of the spacer ring within the borehole inthe receiving material. The spacer ring is completely protected against any outside influences.
Furthermore, the movement of the distance separator into the interior of the borehole is advantageous for visual observation of the anchoring operaticn. The distance separator of the present invention affords an effective guide for the member being secured to the receiving material. Since the outside diameter of the expansion sleeve is substantially the same as the outside diameter of the distance separator, the dowel can be inserted in a simple manner through a recess or opening in the member to be fastened to the receiving material. Moreover, the shearing surface of the distance separator is added to that of the tie rod whereby considerably hiqher shearing forces acting on the member to be fastened to the recei~ing material, can be absorbedO
Preferably, the spacer ring is formed as a stepped sleeve with one part having a different range of diameters than the other part and with the parts having approximately the same axial length and about the same wall thickness. The outside diameter of one part of the stepped sleeve corresponds substantially to the inside diameter of the other part. Such ring parts forming a stepped sleeve can be telescoped one into the other to afford an axial deformation of the sleeve.
Initially rup~uring the parts of the stepped sle~ve at their junction requires a certaininitial deformation force which is larger than the forces needed to be effect the telescoping action of the parts once the initial rupturing has been accomplished.
The orce required for telescoping the sleeve parts can be controlled by the constructional design of the sleeve.
As with the spacer ring just described, the parts can be formed integrally. Other possibilities are available for connecting the two different diameter sleeve parts, such as by cementing them together over a short telescoping range or by joining them toge~her by a press fit. Each of these types of spacer ring sleeves can be axially shortened by telescoping the two parts with different diameters, one into the other, with the initial deformation force commencing the telescoping action.
Either plastic or metal can be used as the material for forming the stepped sleeves. With parts of different diameters connected to one another by cementing or pressed fit, different materials can be used to form the same sleeve. In another embodiment of the invention, the spacer ring can be formed of two sheet metal sleeves in partly telescoping relation with the inner sleeve having a much smaller outside diameter than the inside diameter of the outer sleeve. With such an arrangement,an annular space is provided between the two sleeves in which a rubber layer is vulcanized.
This spacer ring can be axially shortened by telescoping the two sheet metal sleeves spaced apart in the axial direction with the initial deformation being equivalent to that mentioned above. The initial i deformation force causes the gripping contact between the rubber layer and one of the sheet metal sleeves to be interrupted.
The elasticity of the rubber layer ensures that a force is required for further telescoping of the sleeves which can be controlled by the suitable selection of the material forming the rubber layer and also by the dimensioning of the sheet metal sleeves.
Still another embodiment of the spacer ring includes a sleeve-like arrangement of brittle material which disintegrates into small parts under compressive stress. PreferablyO such a sleeve is enclosed by a metal or plastic jacket which protects the brittle matarial sleeve against forces which can occur during shipping or when the dowel is inserted into a borehole.
Further, the jacket ensures the frictional connection between the expansion sleeve ~nd the distance separator after the brittle material sleeve has disintegrated into small parts due to the compressive stress corresponding to the initial deformation force. The jacket can be deformed by a smaller force than the initial deformation force.
The noticeable collapse of the brittle material sleeve serves as an indication that the sufficient anchoring values of the dowel have been attained. The same effect can be obtained with a ring-shaped body designed as a compound body which includes the above-mentioned properties.
The brittle material sleeve can be formed of ceramic material or glass. Ceramic material has the advantage that an anti-corrosive agent, for example, one having an oil or fatty base, can be incorporated into the sleeve as in sintered bearings.
The various features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and specific objects attained by its use, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which there are illustrated and described preferred embodiments of the invention.
In the Drawing:
Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a dowel assembly embodying the present invention, anchored into a borehole in a receiving material at the minimum anchoring values, and with the spacer ring in the undeformed condition;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view similar to Figure 1 but with the spacer ring deformed; and Figures 3 - 6 are longitudinal sectional views of other embodiments of the spacer ring.
In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, a member 2 such as a plate, a bar, a beam or the like is secured by means of a dowel assembly 1 to a receiving material 3. To effect the attachment of the member 2, it has a bore ox opening 5 aligned with the blind borehole 5 in the receiving material so that the dowel assembly can be inserted through the opening 5 into the borehole 5.
Dowel assembly 1 consists of an axially elongated bolt 6 with its bolt head 7 serving as an end support with a conventional washer 8 positioned between the bolt head and the surface of the member 2. The bolt has a thread at: its leading end, that is li the end inserted first into the borehole and the leading end has a thread 9 on which an expanding body 10 is screwed. Laterally surrounding the leading end part of the tie rod or bolt 6 i5 an expansion sleeve 11. sy pulling the expansion body 10 in the direction of the ~railing end of the sleeve, that is, the end adjacent the end support or head 7, the body forces the expansion sleeve radially outwardly into anchored engagement with the surface of the borehole 5. To facilitate the radial expansion of the sleeve 11 it is provided with axially elongated slots 12 extending from its leading end toward its trailing end. The trailing end of the expansion sleeve 11 is located midway between the ends of the bolt ~ within the borehole 5 and a spacer assembly extends from the trailing end of the expansion sleeve to the end support provided by the washer 8 and the bolt head 7.
The spacer assembly consists of a spacer ring 13 in the form of a stepped sleeve. The stepped sleeve 13 can be formed of plastic.
Extending rearwardly from the sleeve 13 is a distance separator 14 with a leading end contacting sleeve 13, and a trailing end operatively engageable by head 7 in this case through the medium of .. . .. .... . .. .
washer 8 such as is well known in the art.
To attain the condition of the dowel assembly shown in Figure 1, it is inserted through the opening 4 in member 2 into the boreholP 5 of the receiving material 3. By applying torque on the lateral working surfaces of head 7 of the bolt 5, the expanding body 19 is displaced rearwardly into the expansion sleeve, that is, from its leading end toward its trailing end, with the expansion sleeve bearing on the end support or head 7 over the spacer ring 13 and the distance separator 14 along with the washer 8. As represented in Figure 1, the expansion sleeve 11 has been widened in the radial direction and is anchored in the borehole 5 of the receiving material 3. As shown in Figure 1, the anchorage of the expansion sleeve is independent of the bearing of the dowel assembly 1 on member 2 or receiving material 3.
AS indicated in Figure 1 a small interval "z" still remains between the ~uxtaposed surfaces of the receiving material 3 and the member 2. This separation is due to exterior influences, . . .
such as unevenness of the receiving material 3 or sagging of the member 2.
The application of torque to the head or end support of the bolt 6, after the predetermined anchoring value of the expansion sleeve has been reached, has the result that the spacer ring or stepped sleeve 13 is axially shortened after an initial deformation force is achieve. Such deformation permits the distance separator 14 to move axially into the borehole 5 toward the expansion sleeve 11 3LV~ A.~
~hus permitting the head 7 to bear against member 3 through the washer 8. Further application of torque to the head 7 further telescopes the stepped ring 13 and progressively presses the member
2 against the receiving material 3 as displayed in Figure 2.
Only a fraction of the initlal deformation force is required for further deformation of the spacer ring 13 to obtain further : telescoping of the two different diameter portions of ~he stepped sleeve 13. As soon as member 2 bears tightly against the receiving material 3, the tor~ue applied to the head 7 has the effect of pulling the expanding body further into the expansion sleeve 11 with the force being absorbed mainly by member 2.
In Figure 3 the deformable spacer assembly consists of a ring or sleeve body 16 enclosed by a jacket 17 with the ring body 16 formed of a material which disintegrates into small parts after the initial deformation force has been reached. ~he ring body 16 can be formed of glass, ceramic material or a like substance.
In Figure 4 the deformable spacer assembly consists of two sheet metal sleeves 18, 19 each of a different diameter and arranged with sleeve l9 telescoped for a portion of its axial length into sleeve 18. The differences in diameters between the two sleeves 18, l9 provides an annular open space between the two in which a rubber layer 20 is vulcaniæed. After the initial deformation force has been xceeded, the contact of the rubber layer 20 with the outer sleeve 18 or the inner sleeve l9 is interrupted so that the sleeves can be telescoped in the axial direction relative to one another~
In Figures 5 and 6 the deformable spacer assemblies are constructed as in Figures l and 2 as stepped sleeves 21 (Figure 5) and 22 (Figure 6). As distinguished from the stepped sleeve 13 in Figure l which has the stepped parts formed monolithically, the _ g _ respective sleeves 21 and 22 are formed of separa-te sleeve parts 23, 24 (Figure 5) and 25, 26 (Figure 6). As can be noted, the diameters of the sleeve parts in each case are sized so that one fits into the other. The sleeve parts in each case, are in~er-connec-ted where they interfi-t by cementing or by a press fit.
The interconnection between the sleeve parts can be broken by exceeding the initial deformation force permitting the sleeve parts to -telescope, that is, with the smaller sleeve part rnoving into the larger sleeve part. In Figure 5, the sleeve parts 23, 24 are Eormed of plastic. In Figure 6, however, the sleeve parts 25, 26 are formed of metal. The connection of the individual sleeve parts can be combinea at random with the material selection and con~inations are even possible in the connection of the s~eeve parts, that is, using a cementing action and a press fit.
~aving described what is believed to be the best mode by which the invention may be performed, it will be seen that the invention may be particularly defi.ned as follows:
A dowel assembly for insertion into a prepared borehole in a receiving material ~or securing a member to the surface of the receiving material, said dowel assembly comprising an axially extending expansion sleeve having a leading end inserted first into the borehole and an oppositely directed trailing end, a tie rod extending into said sleeve and having a leading end inserted into said sleeve and a trailing end extending outwardly from the trailing end of said sleeve, an expanding body attached to the leading end of said sleeve in the direction toward the trail-iny end thereof for radially expanding said sleeve into anchoring engagement with the surface of the borehole, an end support located on said tie rod adjacent the trailiny end thereof, said end support extending radially outwardly from said tie rod and having working sur:Faces thereon for engagement by a tool ~or applying torque to said end support, a spacer assembly laterally enclosing said -tie rod and having a leading end in contact with the trailing end of said expansion sleeve and a tra:iling end operatively engageable by said encl support, wherein the :improvement comprises that said spacer asse~bly comprises an annular distance separa-tor laterally encirc-ling said tie rod and having an outside diameter generally corres-ponding to -the outside diameter of said expansioll sleeve, in its unexpanded sta-te said distance separator having a trailing end operatively engageabl~ by said end support and a leading end closer to but spaced from the trailing end of said expansion sleeve, and an axially deformable spacer ring disposed between said expansion sleeve and said distance separator and having a leading end in contact with the traillng end of said expansion sleeve and a trailing end in contact with the leading end of said distance separator, said spacer ring being deformable in the axial direction after said expansion sleeve is expanded and anchored into th~ borehole, said spacer ring requiring a first deformation and a smaller second deormation force for con-tinuing -the axial deformation.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail to illustrate the application of the inventive principles , it will be understood that the invention may be embodied otherwise without departing from such principles.
Only a fraction of the initlal deformation force is required for further deformation of the spacer ring 13 to obtain further : telescoping of the two different diameter portions of ~he stepped sleeve 13. As soon as member 2 bears tightly against the receiving material 3, the tor~ue applied to the head 7 has the effect of pulling the expanding body further into the expansion sleeve 11 with the force being absorbed mainly by member 2.
In Figure 3 the deformable spacer assembly consists of a ring or sleeve body 16 enclosed by a jacket 17 with the ring body 16 formed of a material which disintegrates into small parts after the initial deformation force has been reached. ~he ring body 16 can be formed of glass, ceramic material or a like substance.
In Figure 4 the deformable spacer assembly consists of two sheet metal sleeves 18, 19 each of a different diameter and arranged with sleeve l9 telescoped for a portion of its axial length into sleeve 18. The differences in diameters between the two sleeves 18, l9 provides an annular open space between the two in which a rubber layer 20 is vulcaniæed. After the initial deformation force has been xceeded, the contact of the rubber layer 20 with the outer sleeve 18 or the inner sleeve l9 is interrupted so that the sleeves can be telescoped in the axial direction relative to one another~
In Figures 5 and 6 the deformable spacer assemblies are constructed as in Figures l and 2 as stepped sleeves 21 (Figure 5) and 22 (Figure 6). As distinguished from the stepped sleeve 13 in Figure l which has the stepped parts formed monolithically, the _ g _ respective sleeves 21 and 22 are formed of separa-te sleeve parts 23, 24 (Figure 5) and 25, 26 (Figure 6). As can be noted, the diameters of the sleeve parts in each case are sized so that one fits into the other. The sleeve parts in each case, are in~er-connec-ted where they interfi-t by cementing or by a press fit.
The interconnection between the sleeve parts can be broken by exceeding the initial deformation force permitting the sleeve parts to -telescope, that is, with the smaller sleeve part rnoving into the larger sleeve part. In Figure 5, the sleeve parts 23, 24 are Eormed of plastic. In Figure 6, however, the sleeve parts 25, 26 are formed of metal. The connection of the individual sleeve parts can be combinea at random with the material selection and con~inations are even possible in the connection of the s~eeve parts, that is, using a cementing action and a press fit.
~aving described what is believed to be the best mode by which the invention may be performed, it will be seen that the invention may be particularly defi.ned as follows:
A dowel assembly for insertion into a prepared borehole in a receiving material ~or securing a member to the surface of the receiving material, said dowel assembly comprising an axially extending expansion sleeve having a leading end inserted first into the borehole and an oppositely directed trailing end, a tie rod extending into said sleeve and having a leading end inserted into said sleeve and a trailing end extending outwardly from the trailing end of said sleeve, an expanding body attached to the leading end of said sleeve in the direction toward the trail-iny end thereof for radially expanding said sleeve into anchoring engagement with the surface of the borehole, an end support located on said tie rod adjacent the trailiny end thereof, said end support extending radially outwardly from said tie rod and having working sur:Faces thereon for engagement by a tool ~or applying torque to said end support, a spacer assembly laterally enclosing said -tie rod and having a leading end in contact with the trailing end of said expansion sleeve and a tra:iling end operatively engageable by said encl support, wherein the :improvement comprises that said spacer asse~bly comprises an annular distance separa-tor laterally encirc-ling said tie rod and having an outside diameter generally corres-ponding to -the outside diameter of said expansioll sleeve, in its unexpanded sta-te said distance separator having a trailing end operatively engageabl~ by said end support and a leading end closer to but spaced from the trailing end of said expansion sleeve, and an axially deformable spacer ring disposed between said expansion sleeve and said distance separator and having a leading end in contact with the traillng end of said expansion sleeve and a trailing end in contact with the leading end of said distance separator, said spacer ring being deformable in the axial direction after said expansion sleeve is expanded and anchored into th~ borehole, said spacer ring requiring a first deformation and a smaller second deormation force for con-tinuing -the axial deformation.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail to illustrate the application of the inventive principles , it will be understood that the invention may be embodied otherwise without departing from such principles.
Claims (14)
1. A dowel assembly for insertion into a prepared borchole in a receiving material for securing a member to the surface of the receiving material, said dowel assembly comprising an axially extending expansion sleeve having a leading end inserted first into the borehole and an oppositely directed trailing end, a tie rod extending into said sleeve and having a leading end inserted into said sleeve and a trailing end extending outwardly from the trailing end of said sleeve, an expanding body attached to the leading end of said sleeve in the direction toward the trailing end thereof for radially expanding said sleeve into anchoring engagement with the surface of the borehole, an end support located on said tie rod adjacent the trailing end thereof, said end support extending radially outwardly from said tie rod and having working surfaces thereon for engagement by a tool for applying torque to said end support, a spacer assembly laterally enclosing said tie rod and having a leading end in contact with the trailing end of said expansion sleeve and a trailing end operatively engageable by said end support, wherein the improvement comprises that said spacer assembly comprises an annular distance separator laterally encircling said tie rod and having an outside diameter generally corresponding to the outside diameter of said expansion sleeve, in its unexpanded state, said distance separator having a trailing end operatively engageable by said end support and a leading end closer to but spaced from the trailing end of said expansion sleeve, and an axially deformable spacer ring disposed between said expansion sleeve and said distance separator and having a leading end in contact with the trailing end of said expansion sleeve and a trailing end in contact with the leading end of said distance separator, said spacer ring being deformable in the axial direction after said expansion sleeve is expanded and anchored into the borehole, said spacer ring requiring a first deformation force to commence its axial deformation and a smaller second deformation force for continuing the axial deformation.
2. A dowel assembly, as set forth in Claim 1, wherein said spacer ring comprises a stepped sleeve having a first sleeve part and a second sleeve part with said first sleeve part having a smaller outside diameter than the outside diameter of said second sleeve part so that said first and second sleeve parts can be deformed in the axial direction by telescoping one into the other.
3. A dowel assembly, as set forth in Claim 2, wherein said first sleeve part and said second sleeve part are formed integrally with one another.
4. A dowel assembly, as set forth in Claim 2, wherein said first sleeve part and said second sleeve part are separate elements interconnected by cementing them together
5. A dowel assembly, as set forth in Claim 2, wherein said first sleeve part and said second part are separate elements joined together by a press fit.
6. A dowel assembly, as set forth in Claim 2, wherein said stepped sleeve is formed of plastic.
7. A dowel assembly, as set forth in Claim 2, wherein said stepped sleeve is formed of metal.
8. A dowel assembly, as set forth in Claim 1, wherein said spacer ring comprises a first metal sleeve and a second metal sleeve with the inside diameter of said first metal sleeve being greater than the outside diameter of said second metal sleeve and with said second metal sleeve partly inserted in the axial direction into said first metal sleeve, said first and second metal sleeves being coaxially arranged forming an annular space therebetween, and a rubber layer being vulcanized within -the annular space to the inner surface of said first metal sleeve and to the outer surface of said second metal sleeve.
9. A dowel assembly, as set forth in Claim 1, wherein said spacer ring comprises a sleeve body formed of a brittle material which disintegrates into small parts under the application of a certain compressive stress.
10. A dowel assembly, as set forth in Claim 9, wherein said spacer ring includes a sleeve-like jacket laterally enclosing said brittle material sleeve body and said jacket being formed of metal.
11. A dowel assembly, as set forth in Claim 9, wherein said spacer ring includes a sleeve-like jacket laterally enclosing said brittle material sleeve body and said jacket being formed of plastic.
12. A dowel assembly, as set forth in Claim 9, wherein said sleeve body is formed of glass.
13. A dowel assembly, as set forth in Claim 9, wherein said sleeve body is formed of a ceramic material.
14. A dowel assembly, as set forth in Claim 13, wherein said ceramic material includes an anti-corrosive agent.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2637043A DE2637043C2 (en) | 1976-08-17 | 1976-08-17 | Dowel with spacer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1061144A true CA1061144A (en) | 1979-08-28 |
Family
ID=5985676
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA284,483A Expired CA1061144A (en) | 1976-08-17 | 1977-08-09 | Dowel assembly with axially deformable spacer ring |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5324949A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT354706B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU515957B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE857712A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1061144A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH621390A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2637043C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2362299A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1558904A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1081156B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE427681B (en) |
Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3025816A1 (en) * | 1980-07-08 | 1982-02-04 | Werkzeugfabrik Fritz Mächtle GmbH & Co KG, 7015 Korntal | METHOD FOR FASTENING LOADS BY SPREADING ANCHOR AND SPREADING ANCHOR FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD |
| DE3110485A1 (en) * | 1981-03-18 | 1982-09-30 | Phillips Drill Co GmbH, 6971 Hütschenhausen | SPREADING ANCHOR |
| DE3128610A1 (en) * | 1981-07-20 | 1983-01-27 | Hilti AG, 9494 Schaan | SPREADING DOWEL |
| DE3276256D1 (en) * | 1982-04-15 | 1987-06-11 | Douglas Owen Mcintyre | An anchor bolt |
| US4613264A (en) * | 1982-04-16 | 1986-09-23 | Mcintyre Douglas O | Anchor bolt |
| DE3225052A1 (en) * | 1982-07-05 | 1984-01-05 | Hilti AG, 9494 Schaan | RESISTANT WITH THE APPLICATION OF A TORQUE SERVICING ORGANIZER FOR THREADED BOLTS |
| DE3225579A1 (en) * | 1982-07-08 | 1984-01-12 | M.Meisinger KG, 8890 Aichach | HEAVY DUTY METAL DOWEL |
| DE3226130A1 (en) * | 1982-07-13 | 1984-01-19 | Heinrich 6102 Pfungstadt Liebig | Expanding dowel with setting-force indication |
| DE3310001C2 (en) * | 1983-03-19 | 1985-05-09 | Heinrich 6102 Pfungstadt Liebig | Expansion dowel with setting force display |
| DE3312141A1 (en) * | 1983-04-02 | 1984-10-04 | Heinrich 6102 Pfungstadt Liebig | CONTINUOUS DOWEL FASTENING ARRANGEMENT |
| DE3400474A1 (en) * | 1984-01-09 | 1985-07-18 | Hilti Ag, Schaan | SPREADING DOWEL |
| GB8405402D0 (en) * | 1984-03-01 | 1984-04-04 | Dom Holdings Plc | Expansion anchor |
| ES8609561A1 (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1986-09-01 | Sanchez Velasco Vicente | Improvements introduced in the anchoring systems by threaded bolts. |
| GB8606440D0 (en) * | 1986-03-15 | 1986-04-23 | Johnson Metal Press Workers Lt | Fastening device |
| DE3726306A1 (en) * | 1987-08-07 | 1989-02-16 | Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh | DEVICE FOR FIXING FASTENERS |
| GB2254901B (en) * | 1991-04-20 | 1994-10-19 | Rawlplug Co Ltd | Anchor bolts |
| DE20303806U1 (en) * | 2003-03-11 | 2004-07-22 | Fischerwerke Artur Fischer Gmbh & Co. Kg | Expansion anchor made of metal |
| GB0310416D0 (en) * | 2003-05-07 | 2003-06-11 | Plastisign Ltd | Apparatus and method for fixing a plate to a vehicle |
| CN112483524B (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2022-12-16 | 喜利得股份公司 | Expansion anchor bolt |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE7322271U (en) * | 1974-11-21 | Fischer A | Fastening element for anchoring in structural parts | |
| DE7138416U (en) * | 1972-02-03 | Schober W | Expansion anchor | |
| DE1625337A1 (en) * | 1967-11-13 | 1970-06-25 | Artur Fischer | Expansion dowel consisting of an expanding part, fastening element and sleeve |
-
1976
- 1976-08-17 DE DE2637043A patent/DE2637043C2/en not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-07-06 CH CH835877A patent/CH621390A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-22 IT IT26026/77A patent/IT1081156B/en active
- 1977-07-25 GB GB31094/77A patent/GB1558904A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-08-08 AU AU27699/77A patent/AU515957B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-08-08 FR FR7724334A patent/FR2362299A1/en active Granted
- 1977-08-09 CA CA284,483A patent/CA1061144A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-08-10 SE SE7709054A patent/SE427681B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-08-11 BE BE180104A patent/BE857712A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-08-16 JP JP9754777A patent/JPS5324949A/en active Granted
- 1977-08-16 AT AT591877A patent/AT354706B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE857712A (en) | 1977-12-01 |
| ATA591877A (en) | 1979-06-15 |
| AU515957B2 (en) | 1981-05-14 |
| DE2637043C2 (en) | 1986-04-10 |
| FR2362299A1 (en) | 1978-03-17 |
| AU2769977A (en) | 1979-02-15 |
| JPS61485B2 (en) | 1986-01-09 |
| SE427681B (en) | 1983-04-25 |
| SE7709054L (en) | 1978-02-18 |
| IT1081156B (en) | 1985-05-16 |
| AT354706B (en) | 1979-01-25 |
| CH621390A5 (en) | 1981-01-30 |
| FR2362299B1 (en) | 1981-12-04 |
| JPS5324949A (en) | 1978-03-08 |
| GB1558904A (en) | 1980-01-09 |
| DE2637043A1 (en) | 1978-02-23 |
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