CA1060535A - High temperature lamp starting aid - Google Patents
High temperature lamp starting aidInfo
- Publication number
- CA1060535A CA1060535A CA219,864A CA219864A CA1060535A CA 1060535 A CA1060535 A CA 1060535A CA 219864 A CA219864 A CA 219864A CA 1060535 A CA1060535 A CA 1060535A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- arc tube
- lamp
- starting
- starting aid
- room temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- JXBFBSYDINUVRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ne].[Ar] Chemical compound [Ne].[Ar] JXBFBSYDINUVRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940041669 mercury Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008645 Chenopodium bonus henricus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000138502 Chenopodium bonus henricus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000669 Chrome steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101150110503 END3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- MJGFBOZCAJSGQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury sodium Chemical compound [Na].[Hg] MJGFBOZCAJSGQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/54—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting
- H01J61/541—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting using a bimetal switch
- H01J61/544—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting using a bimetal switch and an auxiliary electrode outside the vessel
Landscapes
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A high pressure sodium vapor lamp utilizing an alumina ceramic arc tube within an outer glass envelope is provided with a capacitive starting aid on the outside of the arc tube. The starting aid comprises a pair of thermally deformable bimetal arms whose ends embrace the arc tube at room temperature to provide a capacitive effect. The bimetal arms swing away from the arc tube when heated up under op-erating conditions in order to reduce the obstruction of light and prevent overheating of the arc tube wall.
A high pressure sodium vapor lamp utilizing an alumina ceramic arc tube within an outer glass envelope is provided with a capacitive starting aid on the outside of the arc tube. The starting aid comprises a pair of thermally deformable bimetal arms whose ends embrace the arc tube at room temperature to provide a capacitive effect. The bimetal arms swing away from the arc tube when heated up under op-erating conditions in order to reduce the obstruction of light and prevent overheating of the arc tube wall.
Description
1060535 ~
The invention relates to high pressure metal vapor lamps and more specifically high pressur~ sodium vapor lamp~
utilizing alu~ina ceramic envelopes~ The invention is parti-cularly concernad with means to facilitate the ~tarting of such lamps.
High intensity sodium vapor lamp8 of the pre~ent kind are de~cribed in U.S. Patent No. 3,248,590 - Schmidt, issued April 26, 1966, entitled "High Pressure Sodium Vapor LampH. These lamps utilize a slender tubular envelope of light-transmissive refractory oxide material resistant to sodium at high temperatures, suitably high den~ity polycry-stalline alumina or ~ynthetic sapphire. The filling comprisss ~odium along with ~ rare gas to facilitate starting, and mer-cury for improvod efficiency. The end~ of the alumina tube are ~ealed by suitable closure members affording connection to thermionic electrodes which may comprise a re~ractory metal structure activated by electron emi~ive material.
The ceramic arc tube i8 generally supported within an outer vitreous envelope or jacket provided at one end with the usual screw base. The electrod~s of ~he arc tube are connected to the tsrminal~ of the base, that is to shell and center contact, and the interenv~lope space i8 usually evacuated in order to conserve heat.
The high pressure sodium vapor lamps which have been ~anufactured commercially up to the present time have gonerally follow~d the te~chings of the Schmidt Patent and u~ed xenon as the ~tarting gas. The goal has been maximum e~ficiency and the use of xenon provided an advantage in efficiency of 10% or mora over the lighter inert gas neon.
The choice of xenon raise~ the ~tarting voltage requirement and this wa~ met by including in the ballast an el~ctronic circuit which served ~8 a source of short duration high . . ~ .
, LD--6693 :
voltage pulses After the lamp is ignited the voltage across it i~ reduced and a sensing circuit responds thereto and dis-ables the starting pulse generator There are advantages to high prossure sodium vapor lamps which are ea-ier starting than the conventional lamps oven though they may be lower in efSiciency and the object ~ -of the inv~ntion is to provido an improved easy starting lamp of this kind.
It is woll known that easi-r starting of a dis-eharg- lamp may be achi~ved through the Penning effect call-ing for a starting gas mixturo comprising major and minor constitu-nts Penning mixtures are co D nly used in mercury fluoresc-nt and low pros~ure sodium l mps A suitable P nning m$xture for a high pressure sodium lamp ~8 a neon-lX argon mixture With such a starting fill a starting aid in the form of an internal auxiliary starting eleetrode as sued in high prossure m~r¢ury vapor lamps or a conduetive stripo painted on the out-ide of the lamp envelope as used with fluoresc-nt l mp~ is highly beneficial in furthor reducing the tarting voltago ~owev r the elosure members or end cap us-d with ceramic lamp envolopes do not l-nd themselve~ well to the provision of auxiliary startinq olectrodos Also the v ry high temporatures of ceramic envelopes may create problems ~ ;
whon conductors are applied or fastoned to tho outsiae.
In accordance with my invention I have re~olved the problsm by a capac$tive starting aid eomprising a thermally deformable eonductor whieh rest~ again~t th- out- ;~
side of the arc tube when it i- cold and which is r-tracted when it is hot In a pr-ferr d embodiment the ~tarting aid eomprises a pair of thermally deformablo bimetal arms whose ends embrace the arc tubo at room temperature to provide a capacitivo ef-~D-6693 fect. After the lamp has started and as it beaomes h~atod up to its normal operating temperature, the bimetal arms swing away from the arc tube in order to reduce the ob~tru~tion of light and prevent overheating of the arc tube wall.
I~ the drawing:
FIG. 1 i~ a æide view of a high pr0ssure ~odium vapor discharga lamp embodying the invention in preferred form.
FIGS. 2a and 2b are plan section and end elevation views rospectively of the capacitive starting aid in closed position.
FIGS. 3a and 3b are corresponding vi~w~ of the capac~tive starting aid in open position.
FIG. 4 is a plan section of a capacitive tarting aid which i8 a variant in design.
A high pres~ur~ sodium vapor lamp embodying the invention in preferred form is illu~trated in FIG. 1. Tho lamp i8 of approximately 150 watt rating which i~ a relatively 8mall 8ize in which easy starting is particularly de~irable.
The lamp 1 comprise~ an outer envelope 2 o~ glass to the neck o$ which i8 attached a standard mogul scre~ base 3. The outer envelope comprises a re-entrant stem press 4 through which extend, in conventional fashion, a pair of relatively heavy lead-in conductors 5, 6 whose outer end3 are connected to the ~c~ew ~hell 7 and eyelet 8 of the ba~e.
The arc tube 9 centrally located within the outer envelope comprises a length of polycrystalline alumina tubing.
End closures consisting of metal cap~ 10, 11 of niobium which matche~ the expansion coefficient of alumina ~eramic are seal-ed to the end~ of the tube by means of a gla~y s-aling ~ompo-sition. Bnd cap 10 ha~ a metal tube 12 sealed through it which serves as an exhaust and fill tubulation during .
manufacture of the lamp. The exhaust tube i8 sealed off at its outer end and serves as a reservoir in which exces~
sodium-mercury amalgam cond0n~es during operation of the lamp, the illu~trated lamp being intended for base-down operation~
Electrode 13 within the lamp is attached to the inward pro-jection of exhaust tube 12 and a dummy exhaust tube 14 extending through metal end cap 11 supports the other electrode 15.
Exhaust tube 12 i~ connected by connector 16 and -short support rod 17 to inlead conductor 6 which provides circuit continuity from a ba~e terminal to electrode 13. Dum-my exhaust tube 14 extends through a ring support 18 fastened to side rod 19 which provides lateral re3traint while allow-ing axial expansion of the arc tube. A flexible metal strap 20 connects dummy exh~ust tube 14 to side rod 19 which in turn i8 welded to inlead conductor 5, thereby assuring circuit continuity from the other base terminal to electrode 15. The distal end of side rod 19 is braced to inverted nipple 21 in tho dome end of the envelope 2 by a clip 22 which engages it.
I have found that a la~p such as illustrated in FIG.
1 wherein the starting gas consist~ of neon with lX argon has a starting voltage of approximately 300 volts rms in the ab-sence of any capacitive starting aid. In a preferred em-bodiment of my invention, I provide a capacitive starting aid 23 consisting of a bifurcated strip of bimetal wrapping around side rod 19 and spot-welded thereto on opposite sides at 24, 25. The ends of the bimetal are curved at 26, 27 in order to embrace closely and wrap around the arc tube 9 to achieve good capacitive coupling thereto. The bimetal strip i8 commercial-ly available material whereof the low expansion component i8 a nickel-iron alloy and the high expansion component is a nickel-chrome-steel alloy. Suitable dimen~ions for the bi-.
_ ~ LD--66g3 ~060535 metal strip material are .005 inch thickne~s by ~150 inch width. FIGS, 2a and 2b show the starting aid in rest position at room temperature with the bimetal arms embracing the arc tube. FIGS. 3a and 3b show the starting aid opened up at op-erating temperature wherein the arms are swung out and away from the arc tube as indicated at 26', 27'.
The starting aid illu~trated causes the starting voltag~ to be reduced from about 300 volts to less than 180 volts. The starting aid is at the potential of the remote electrode 15 and probably functions by acting a~ a capacitor in combinatio~ with the proximate electrode 13. A charging current flows from the starting aid ~hrough the arc tube wall to the proximate electrode whi~h helps to ignite the lamp.
The magnitude of charging current i~ dependqnt upon the area of the starting aid in close proximity to the arc tube wall and hence the need for appreciable width of the bimetal strip and close conformanco of embrace of the arc tube.
Wh~n the arms of the starting aid ~wing away from the arc tube, bloskage of light i~ reduced to a 8mall fraction of that occurring upon engagement and, of cour~e, harmful overheating of the bimetal material is avoided. R~action between the starter and the arc tube wall is avoided. Also thermal etching of the arc tube wall which can occur when nerqy reflected from the starter raises tho arc tube tempera-ture ~nough to cause increased vaporization of the ceramic matQrial~ i8 avoided. Overheating of the arc tube wall can also occur as ~ result of deflection of the arc toward the wall by the capacitive effect of the ~tarting aid and this is aYoid~d when th~ arms swing away from the arc tube.
FIG. 4 illu~tr~te~ another capa¢itive starting aid 30 e~bodying the invention. It comprises a bifurcated and reverted strip of bimetal wrapping around side rod 19 and '' _5_ ~, .. ... . -, . . . . .
. ~
8pot-welded thoreto on OppOsite sides at 31, 32 The arms of the ~trip are curved back on them~elves at 33, 34 and re-directed towards the tube 19 The ends are curved at 35, 36 to wrap around the arc tube to achiev~ good capacitive coupling thereto. Thi~ construction permits a greater throw of tho - ends 35, 36 th~n the construction shown in FIGS 2 and 3 It ;, may also be u-ed to accommodate thick r bimetal strip materi-l, for instance O10U thick material which has le~s flexure for a givon ¢hange in temperature than the thinn r 005~ thick ma-,, 10 terial utilizod in FIGS. 2 and 3.
J. Although th capacitive starting aid has been ~hown a~ op rating in a plano tran~ver~e to the arc tubo axis, that i i8 not es~-ntial and the arms could be arranged to operate in a plane including the axis o the arc tube or at any angle th r-bo '" ' :, :
'`' --6- ~
The invention relates to high pressure metal vapor lamps and more specifically high pressur~ sodium vapor lamp~
utilizing alu~ina ceramic envelopes~ The invention is parti-cularly concernad with means to facilitate the ~tarting of such lamps.
High intensity sodium vapor lamp8 of the pre~ent kind are de~cribed in U.S. Patent No. 3,248,590 - Schmidt, issued April 26, 1966, entitled "High Pressure Sodium Vapor LampH. These lamps utilize a slender tubular envelope of light-transmissive refractory oxide material resistant to sodium at high temperatures, suitably high den~ity polycry-stalline alumina or ~ynthetic sapphire. The filling comprisss ~odium along with ~ rare gas to facilitate starting, and mer-cury for improvod efficiency. The end~ of the alumina tube are ~ealed by suitable closure members affording connection to thermionic electrodes which may comprise a re~ractory metal structure activated by electron emi~ive material.
The ceramic arc tube i8 generally supported within an outer vitreous envelope or jacket provided at one end with the usual screw base. The electrod~s of ~he arc tube are connected to the tsrminal~ of the base, that is to shell and center contact, and the interenv~lope space i8 usually evacuated in order to conserve heat.
The high pressure sodium vapor lamps which have been ~anufactured commercially up to the present time have gonerally follow~d the te~chings of the Schmidt Patent and u~ed xenon as the ~tarting gas. The goal has been maximum e~ficiency and the use of xenon provided an advantage in efficiency of 10% or mora over the lighter inert gas neon.
The choice of xenon raise~ the ~tarting voltage requirement and this wa~ met by including in the ballast an el~ctronic circuit which served ~8 a source of short duration high . . ~ .
, LD--6693 :
voltage pulses After the lamp is ignited the voltage across it i~ reduced and a sensing circuit responds thereto and dis-ables the starting pulse generator There are advantages to high prossure sodium vapor lamps which are ea-ier starting than the conventional lamps oven though they may be lower in efSiciency and the object ~ -of the inv~ntion is to provido an improved easy starting lamp of this kind.
It is woll known that easi-r starting of a dis-eharg- lamp may be achi~ved through the Penning effect call-ing for a starting gas mixturo comprising major and minor constitu-nts Penning mixtures are co D nly used in mercury fluoresc-nt and low pros~ure sodium l mps A suitable P nning m$xture for a high pressure sodium lamp ~8 a neon-lX argon mixture With such a starting fill a starting aid in the form of an internal auxiliary starting eleetrode as sued in high prossure m~r¢ury vapor lamps or a conduetive stripo painted on the out-ide of the lamp envelope as used with fluoresc-nt l mp~ is highly beneficial in furthor reducing the tarting voltago ~owev r the elosure members or end cap us-d with ceramic lamp envolopes do not l-nd themselve~ well to the provision of auxiliary startinq olectrodos Also the v ry high temporatures of ceramic envelopes may create problems ~ ;
whon conductors are applied or fastoned to tho outsiae.
In accordance with my invention I have re~olved the problsm by a capac$tive starting aid eomprising a thermally deformable eonductor whieh rest~ again~t th- out- ;~
side of the arc tube when it i- cold and which is r-tracted when it is hot In a pr-ferr d embodiment the ~tarting aid eomprises a pair of thermally deformablo bimetal arms whose ends embrace the arc tubo at room temperature to provide a capacitivo ef-~D-6693 fect. After the lamp has started and as it beaomes h~atod up to its normal operating temperature, the bimetal arms swing away from the arc tube in order to reduce the ob~tru~tion of light and prevent overheating of the arc tube wall.
I~ the drawing:
FIG. 1 i~ a æide view of a high pr0ssure ~odium vapor discharga lamp embodying the invention in preferred form.
FIGS. 2a and 2b are plan section and end elevation views rospectively of the capacitive starting aid in closed position.
FIGS. 3a and 3b are corresponding vi~w~ of the capac~tive starting aid in open position.
FIG. 4 is a plan section of a capacitive tarting aid which i8 a variant in design.
A high pres~ur~ sodium vapor lamp embodying the invention in preferred form is illu~trated in FIG. 1. Tho lamp i8 of approximately 150 watt rating which i~ a relatively 8mall 8ize in which easy starting is particularly de~irable.
The lamp 1 comprise~ an outer envelope 2 o~ glass to the neck o$ which i8 attached a standard mogul scre~ base 3. The outer envelope comprises a re-entrant stem press 4 through which extend, in conventional fashion, a pair of relatively heavy lead-in conductors 5, 6 whose outer end3 are connected to the ~c~ew ~hell 7 and eyelet 8 of the ba~e.
The arc tube 9 centrally located within the outer envelope comprises a length of polycrystalline alumina tubing.
End closures consisting of metal cap~ 10, 11 of niobium which matche~ the expansion coefficient of alumina ~eramic are seal-ed to the end~ of the tube by means of a gla~y s-aling ~ompo-sition. Bnd cap 10 ha~ a metal tube 12 sealed through it which serves as an exhaust and fill tubulation during .
manufacture of the lamp. The exhaust tube i8 sealed off at its outer end and serves as a reservoir in which exces~
sodium-mercury amalgam cond0n~es during operation of the lamp, the illu~trated lamp being intended for base-down operation~
Electrode 13 within the lamp is attached to the inward pro-jection of exhaust tube 12 and a dummy exhaust tube 14 extending through metal end cap 11 supports the other electrode 15.
Exhaust tube 12 i~ connected by connector 16 and -short support rod 17 to inlead conductor 6 which provides circuit continuity from a ba~e terminal to electrode 13. Dum-my exhaust tube 14 extends through a ring support 18 fastened to side rod 19 which provides lateral re3traint while allow-ing axial expansion of the arc tube. A flexible metal strap 20 connects dummy exh~ust tube 14 to side rod 19 which in turn i8 welded to inlead conductor 5, thereby assuring circuit continuity from the other base terminal to electrode 15. The distal end of side rod 19 is braced to inverted nipple 21 in tho dome end of the envelope 2 by a clip 22 which engages it.
I have found that a la~p such as illustrated in FIG.
1 wherein the starting gas consist~ of neon with lX argon has a starting voltage of approximately 300 volts rms in the ab-sence of any capacitive starting aid. In a preferred em-bodiment of my invention, I provide a capacitive starting aid 23 consisting of a bifurcated strip of bimetal wrapping around side rod 19 and spot-welded thereto on opposite sides at 24, 25. The ends of the bimetal are curved at 26, 27 in order to embrace closely and wrap around the arc tube 9 to achieve good capacitive coupling thereto. The bimetal strip i8 commercial-ly available material whereof the low expansion component i8 a nickel-iron alloy and the high expansion component is a nickel-chrome-steel alloy. Suitable dimen~ions for the bi-.
_ ~ LD--66g3 ~060535 metal strip material are .005 inch thickne~s by ~150 inch width. FIGS, 2a and 2b show the starting aid in rest position at room temperature with the bimetal arms embracing the arc tube. FIGS. 3a and 3b show the starting aid opened up at op-erating temperature wherein the arms are swung out and away from the arc tube as indicated at 26', 27'.
The starting aid illu~trated causes the starting voltag~ to be reduced from about 300 volts to less than 180 volts. The starting aid is at the potential of the remote electrode 15 and probably functions by acting a~ a capacitor in combinatio~ with the proximate electrode 13. A charging current flows from the starting aid ~hrough the arc tube wall to the proximate electrode whi~h helps to ignite the lamp.
The magnitude of charging current i~ dependqnt upon the area of the starting aid in close proximity to the arc tube wall and hence the need for appreciable width of the bimetal strip and close conformanco of embrace of the arc tube.
Wh~n the arms of the starting aid ~wing away from the arc tube, bloskage of light i~ reduced to a 8mall fraction of that occurring upon engagement and, of cour~e, harmful overheating of the bimetal material is avoided. R~action between the starter and the arc tube wall is avoided. Also thermal etching of the arc tube wall which can occur when nerqy reflected from the starter raises tho arc tube tempera-ture ~nough to cause increased vaporization of the ceramic matQrial~ i8 avoided. Overheating of the arc tube wall can also occur as ~ result of deflection of the arc toward the wall by the capacitive effect of the ~tarting aid and this is aYoid~d when th~ arms swing away from the arc tube.
FIG. 4 illu~tr~te~ another capa¢itive starting aid 30 e~bodying the invention. It comprises a bifurcated and reverted strip of bimetal wrapping around side rod 19 and '' _5_ ~, .. ... . -, . . . . .
. ~
8pot-welded thoreto on OppOsite sides at 31, 32 The arms of the ~trip are curved back on them~elves at 33, 34 and re-directed towards the tube 19 The ends are curved at 35, 36 to wrap around the arc tube to achiev~ good capacitive coupling thereto. Thi~ construction permits a greater throw of tho - ends 35, 36 th~n the construction shown in FIGS 2 and 3 It ;, may also be u-ed to accommodate thick r bimetal strip materi-l, for instance O10U thick material which has le~s flexure for a givon ¢hange in temperature than the thinn r 005~ thick ma-,, 10 terial utilizod in FIGS. 2 and 3.
J. Although th capacitive starting aid has been ~hown a~ op rating in a plano tran~ver~e to the arc tubo axis, that i i8 not es~-ntial and the arms could be arranged to operate in a plane including the axis o the arc tube or at any angle th r-bo '" ' :, :
'`' --6- ~
Claims (9)
1. A high pressure metal vapor lamp comprising:
a tubular light-transmissive arc tube having thermionic electrodes sealed into its ends and containing a charge of vaporizable metal and inert starting gas; and a capacitive starting aid comprising a thermally deformable metal member electrically connected to one electrode, said member having an end disposed to lie against said arc tube at room temperature in order to facilitate starting by capacitive effect, said end of said member being adapted to move away from said arc tube when heated by operation of said lamp.
a tubular light-transmissive arc tube having thermionic electrodes sealed into its ends and containing a charge of vaporizable metal and inert starting gas; and a capacitive starting aid comprising a thermally deformable metal member electrically connected to one electrode, said member having an end disposed to lie against said arc tube at room temperature in order to facilitate starting by capacitive effect, said end of said member being adapted to move away from said arc tube when heated by operation of said lamp.
2. A lamp as in claim 1, wherein said starting aid comprises a pair of arms of bimetal strip attached to a frame part and having their ends embracing and wrapping around said arc tube at room temperature and swinging away therefrom when heated.
3. A lamp as in claim 2, wherein said arc tube is alumina ceramic, and said vaporizable metal comprises sodium and mercury.
4. A lamp as in claim 3, wherein said inert starting gas is a neon-argon mixture.
5. A high pressure metal vapor lamp comprising:
an outer vitreous envelope domed at one end and having a base attached to the other end; a pair of inleads sealed into said envelope and connected to said base; a tubular light-transmissive arc tube having thermionic electrodes sealed into its ends and containing a charge of vaporizable metal and inert starting gas; a mounting frame within said envelope and comprising a side rod and a short support rod, said side rod extending from one inlead towards the dome end of said envelope and said short support rod extending from the other inlead, said electrodes of said arc tube being connected one to said side rod and the other to said short support rod; and a capacitive starting aid comprising a thermally deformable metal member fastened to said side rod, said member having an end disposed to lie against said arc tube at room temperature in order to facilitate starting by capacitive effect, said end of said member being adapted to move away from said arc tube when heated by operation of said lamp.
an outer vitreous envelope domed at one end and having a base attached to the other end; a pair of inleads sealed into said envelope and connected to said base; a tubular light-transmissive arc tube having thermionic electrodes sealed into its ends and containing a charge of vaporizable metal and inert starting gas; a mounting frame within said envelope and comprising a side rod and a short support rod, said side rod extending from one inlead towards the dome end of said envelope and said short support rod extending from the other inlead, said electrodes of said arc tube being connected one to said side rod and the other to said short support rod; and a capacitive starting aid comprising a thermally deformable metal member fastened to said side rod, said member having an end disposed to lie against said arc tube at room temperature in order to facilitate starting by capacitive effect, said end of said member being adapted to move away from said arc tube when heated by operation of said lamp.
6. A lamp as in claim 5, wherein said starting aid comprises a pair of arms of bimetal strip attached to said side rod and having their ends embracing and wrapping around said arc tube at room temperature and swinging away therefrom when heated.
7. A lamp as in claim 5, wherein said arc tube is alumina ceramic and said vaporizable metal comprises sodium and mercury.
8. A lamp as in claim 5, wherein said arc tube is alumina ceramic, said vaporizable metal comprises sodium and mercury, and said starting aid comprises a pair of arms of bimetal strip attached to said side rod and having their ends embracing and wrapping around said arc tube at room temperature and swinging away therefrom when heated.
9. A lamp as in claim 8, wherein said inert starting gas is a neon-argon mixture.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US473743A US3872340A (en) | 1974-05-28 | 1974-05-28 | High temperature lamp starting aid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1060535A true CA1060535A (en) | 1979-08-14 |
Family
ID=23880797
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA219,864A Expired CA1060535A (en) | 1974-05-28 | 1975-02-10 | High temperature lamp starting aid |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3872340A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5721833B2 (en) |
| AR (1) | AR205369A1 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE829445A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7501291A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1060535A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2275878A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1505847A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL167802C (en) |
Families Citing this family (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL7503243A (en) * | 1975-03-19 | 1976-09-21 | Philips Nv | GAS AND / OR VAPOR DISCHARGE LAMP. |
| US4032816A (en) * | 1975-08-29 | 1977-06-28 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Safety switch which renders hid lamp inoperative on accidental breakage of outer envelope |
| US4013920A (en) * | 1976-01-22 | 1977-03-22 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Safety switch which renders hid lamp inoperative on accidental breakage of outer envelope |
| US4037129A (en) * | 1976-03-10 | 1977-07-19 | Gte Sylvania Incorporated | High pressure sodium vapor lamp having low starting voltage |
| JPS52167870U (en) * | 1976-06-14 | 1977-12-20 | ||
| JPS565815Y2 (en) * | 1976-06-14 | 1981-02-07 | ||
| JPS556728A (en) * | 1978-06-30 | 1980-01-18 | Toshiba Corp | Metal vapor discharge lamp |
| JPS639987Y2 (en) * | 1978-07-31 | 1988-03-24 | ||
| JPS6318124Y2 (en) * | 1978-07-31 | 1988-05-23 | ||
| NL7809055A (en) * | 1978-09-05 | 1980-03-07 | Philips Nv | GAS AND / OR VAPOR DISCHARGE LAMP. |
| NL7902634A (en) * | 1979-04-04 | 1980-10-07 | Philips Nv | Discharge lamp. |
| JPS55151760A (en) * | 1979-05-17 | 1980-11-26 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Metal vapor discharge lamp |
| US4633135A (en) * | 1980-12-29 | 1986-12-30 | General Electric Company | Starting aid for high pressure sodium vapor lamp |
| US4491766A (en) * | 1982-06-24 | 1985-01-01 | North American Philips Lighting Corporation | High pressure electric discharge lamp employing a metal spiral with positive potential |
| US4902937A (en) * | 1988-07-28 | 1990-02-20 | General Electric Company | Capacitive starting electrodes for hid lamps |
| US4894590A (en) * | 1988-08-01 | 1990-01-16 | General Electric Company | Spiral single starting electrode for HID lamps |
| US4894589A (en) * | 1988-08-08 | 1990-01-16 | General Electric Company | Starting means, with piezoelectrically-located capacitive starting electrodes, for HID lamps |
| US4975622A (en) * | 1988-12-30 | 1990-12-04 | North American Philips Corp. | HPS discharge lamp with simplified starting aid structure |
| EP0450523B1 (en) * | 1990-04-02 | 1994-09-14 | Iwasaki Electric Co., Ltd. | High pressure metal vapor discharge lamp |
| DE19900870A1 (en) * | 1999-01-12 | 2000-08-03 | Walter Holzer | Straight line fluorescent lamp as compact lamp with integral ballast using electrical connection to base on one side |
| GB2388260B (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2005-11-16 | Cooper Lighting & Security Ltd | Emergency lighting |
| DE102005047079A1 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-05 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | A fluorescent lamp has electrodes with a di-electric coating arranged in spiral pairs |
| WO2011018122A1 (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2011-02-17 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | High-pressure discharge lamp having an ignition aid |
| DE212010000115U1 (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2012-04-05 | Osram Ag | High pressure discharge lamp with ignition aid |
| US20140117845A1 (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-05-01 | Ge Hungary Kft. | Ignition aid and lamp comprised thereof |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3721845A (en) * | 1972-06-28 | 1973-03-20 | Gte Sylvania Inc | Sodium vapor lamp having improved starting means |
-
1974
- 1974-05-28 US US473743A patent/US3872340A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1975
- 1975-01-01 AR AR257672A patent/AR205369A1/en active
- 1975-02-10 CA CA219,864A patent/CA1060535A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-02-27 JP JP2351275A patent/JPS5721833B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1975-03-05 BR BR1674/75D patent/BR7501291A/en unknown
- 1975-04-10 GB GB14799/75A patent/GB1505847A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-05-23 BE BE156673A patent/BE829445A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-05-27 NL NL7506251A patent/NL167802C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-05-28 FR FR7516711A patent/FR2275878A1/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL167802B (en) | 1981-08-17 |
| AR205369A1 (en) | 1976-04-30 |
| BE829445A (en) | 1975-11-24 |
| BR7501291A (en) | 1976-04-20 |
| FR2275878A1 (en) | 1976-01-16 |
| JPS5721833B2 (en) | 1982-05-10 |
| DE2522649A1 (en) | 1975-12-11 |
| DE2522649B2 (en) | 1977-05-18 |
| JPS50153479A (en) | 1975-12-10 |
| US3872340A (en) | 1975-03-18 |
| NL7506251A (en) | 1975-12-02 |
| GB1505847A (en) | 1978-03-30 |
| NL167802C (en) | 1982-01-18 |
| FR2275878B1 (en) | 1978-02-24 |
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