CA1057697A - Method and device for breaking stabilized emulsions - Google Patents
Method and device for breaking stabilized emulsionsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1057697A CA1057697A CA253,241A CA253241A CA1057697A CA 1057697 A CA1057697 A CA 1057697A CA 253241 A CA253241 A CA 253241A CA 1057697 A CA1057697 A CA 1057697A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- emulsion
- breaking
- floculated
- agglomeration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/463—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrocoagulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/06—Separation of liquids from each other by electricity
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE:
This invention is concerned with a method for breaking stabilized emulsions, which method advantageously distinguishes over the prior art methods in that it does not require the addition of pH correcting but polluting substances.
This method comprises (a) a first step of breaking of said emulsions, during which the emulsion is passed through by electric currents generated by two series of preferably metal electrodes immersed in said emulsion and connected to the positive pole and the negative one respectively of a direct current generator; (b) a second step of agglomeration of the floculated particles; (c) third step of separation of the agglomerated particles from the depurated water. This inven-tion is also concerned with an apparatus for carrying out the above mentioned method.
This invention is concerned with a method for breaking stabilized emulsions, which method advantageously distinguishes over the prior art methods in that it does not require the addition of pH correcting but polluting substances.
This method comprises (a) a first step of breaking of said emulsions, during which the emulsion is passed through by electric currents generated by two series of preferably metal electrodes immersed in said emulsion and connected to the positive pole and the negative one respectively of a direct current generator; (b) a second step of agglomeration of the floculated particles; (c) third step of separation of the agglomerated particles from the depurated water. This inven-tion is also concerned with an apparatus for carrying out the above mentioned method.
Description
~0 ~ 7 The pre~ent invention ha~ for it~ object ~o provide a method and device for br~aking ~tabilized emulsion~.
It i~ known that certain metal salt~J when in ~olu- ~ .
tion, lower, in ~ome cases until cancelli~g it, the 'tzed"
potential on which the chemioal s~ability of a colloidal emul-~ion depend~.
~ ffort~ have been ~ade tQ take advantage of such a propert~ for depurating the di~charge waters o~ the cleaning plants~ wherein ~ur~ace-active~ hydrocarbons, mud~ in the colloidal phase and oth~r like colloidal ~ubstance~ are preBent in widel~ var~ing percent~.
Howe~er, the use ~f said metal salt~ i~ oonditioned by an exact value o~ the pH of the ~olution to be depurated by ;
~locculation.
Con~equently, their use is restricted by the need of modifying~ up~tre~m and downætream the floc¢ulation proce~, the pH o~ the colloidal solutio~, which re~uires on one hand conti- ;
nuou~ and local test~ a~d on the other hand the addition of sub~tances correct m g said pH value, ~aid oorrecting ~ub~tances being generall~ highly polluting sub~tance~.
~he present i~vention ha~ ~or it~ object to remove ~aid inconveniences~
~he process for breaking ~ta~ilized emulsion~ according to the pre~ent invention compri~es:
a) a fir~t step o~ breaking of ~aid emul~ionq, during ~.
which the emulsiDn concerned i9 pa~sed through by electric ~:
currents generated by two series of pre~erably metal electrode~
immer~ed into ~aid solution a~d co~nected to the positive pole and the ~egative on~ re~pectively of a direc~ current generator;
b) a ~eoond step of agglomeration of the ~locculat~d particle~; -c) a thlrd step o~ separation of the agglomerated : , . - , - - . : . . ; , ., . , .. . ", . ~.. ... ...
~ - ~
partlcle~ from the depurated water.
~ he device ~uitable to embody the invention according to claim 1 comprises:
a) an emul~ion breaking chamber including two ~eries o~
electrode3 connected to the positive pole and the negative one re~pectively of a direct current generator;
b) an agglomeration hopper within which the ~looculated ~aterial agglomerates;
c) a ¢hamber for 3eparating the flocculated material ~O ~rom the depurated water by di~erenca of den~ity, said separation chamber being ~ide by ide with ~aid agglomeration ~-~
chamber and being provided o~ its bottom with means for ;~
colleoting the deposited material, and on its top with means for removing the depurated water.
~urther, in said devioe, said first chamber i~ provided with emulsion ~eeding mea~s arranged on the bottom of ~aid chamher, while the means for collecting the emul~ion which underwent said breaking proce~s are arranged in th~ upper part of ~aid chamber, 30 that the emul~ion to be treated pa~ses through ~aid fir3t chamber from the bottom upwards.
In said device a suitable conduit conneot~ the upper end of ~aid fir~t chamber to the bottom of the second chamber with a substantially hoppex-lika ~hape, In said device the bottom o~ ~aid third chamber i9 inclined ~o a~ to convey by gravity the depo3iting material corre~pondingly to said means for removing the deposited material.
In said devlce, said third chamber has its upper edge arranged at a higher level than the upper edge of said second chamber.
~inally, in ~aid de~ice, said third ohamber i~ proYidcd on top with two spillways ~or dischargi~g the depurated liquid ~-through o~erflow.
.. . .. . . .... . . ..
~ 5'~ ~ 7 The object~, ~d~anta~e~ ~nd ~eature~ of th~ invention will urther appear in the following de~cription referring to embodiments selected by way of example only with particular referenoe to the accampanying drawings wherein the figure ~how diagrammatically a cros~ ~ec~ion of a particular embodi~nt of the invention.
~ h~ device shown in the drawing comprises a ~irst chamber 1, called heretofore the ~tabilized emul~ion breaking chamber9 proYid~d with a lower feeding pipe 2 for the water~ :
to be depuratad. On its top said chamber 1 i~ connected to a downward pipe ~ feeding the water~, which have already pas~ed through ~aid chamber 1 from the bottom upwards9 toward~ the bottom of an open-top hopper 49 oalled heretofore the flocculated sub~tances aggregating chamber, through a substan-tiall~ ~ub-horizontal feeding pipe 5 whioh ln the case ooncerned surrounds the Iower mouth of said hopper 4.
Said hopper 4 enters a third chamber 6, called hereto-fore the ch~mber ~or separating the ~locculated sub3tance~ from the now clean water~
S~id chamber 6 i~ open on top and comprises on two ~ide~ of its perimeter an overflowing edge 7 for the depurated water. Ou-tside of said overflows 7 i9 provided a pipe 8 for oonveying the now clean water whi¢h i~ then discharged through a di~charge pi~ 9.
~he ~pper edge 10 of said hopper ~ is located quite below said overflowing edge 7 for th0 rea~on~ explained here-below.
Said chamber 1 comprise~, preferabl~ in ~ertical po~i-tio~, aluminium plates 11 oonnected alternatively to the positive pole and the negative one respestively of a direct current generator. ~hough aluminium i~ pre~erabl~, al~o a di~ereIlt material could be u~ed.
~L~57~ 7 Thanks to the pre~ence of -the anode~ and cathude~ in aluminium, fed in known m~nner by a suitable current, the breaking of the colloidal emulsion occurs in ~aid chamber 1.
In such conditions, the ~mul~ion conveyed into ~aid hopper 4, through ~aid pipe 59 ~tartB a pro¢e~3 of agglomera-tion of the colloidal ~ubstance~ which fall on the bottom of ~aid hopper in ~orm of flocks.
When the plant ~tarts, said flocks b~gin depo~iting on the bottom of ~aid hopper 4 where a net 12 may be ~uitably arranged.
When the layer of floculated material deposited on ~aid net 12 reache~ a given thickne~a, the liquid flow flowing through the devioe according to the already ~how~ path from said ~eeding pipe 2 to ~aid discharge pipe 9, cause~ the ~loculated material layer to gradually rise, a~ shown by po~i-tion 13 ~ the drawin~.
When ~aid layer 13 of floculated material reache~ the upper edge of said hopper 4, the flocks of ~aid material, owing to their heavier gravity, fall onto the bottom o~ the chamber 6 which, as alread~ said, includes said h~pper 40 ~ he bottom of ~aid chamber 6 may be provided ~uitabl~, `
in the zone ~urrounding said hopper 4, with inclined sur~ace~
14 80 as to collect in an easier way the flocks depo~ited.
The water now free o~ the polluting materiail which separated therefrom ln form of flock~, leave~ chamber 6 through sald overflow~ 7, pipe 8 and pipe 9.
In th~ lowest zones of the bottom of chamber 6 surrou~ding said hopper 4, are provided discharge pipes 15 for di~charging material depo~ited with a certain amount of ;-~
30 water acting a~ liquid carrying mean~.
Said di~charge pipes 15 m~r, ~n known manner~ co~ey the material collected onto a ~iltering bed, e.g. a sand or , , :
~ 5~ ~ g 7 ballasting bed, a porou~ material carpet, a net or t~e like5 ~!
from where the floculated material may be ea~ily collec~ed, after drying, in the d~y pha~e.
It i~ to be ~oted that th~ eleetrode~ 11 ara subject when acting as anode~ to wear9 and when acting a~ cathodes to be coated by oxide~ which reduces their conducti~ity with a general lowering in the efficiency of the whole plant. ~o thi~ end, according to the invention, a suitably pro~lded switch rever~e~
the fu~otion OI anode and cathode OI ~aid plate~ o a~ to reduce on one ~ide ~aid wear and to remove on the other ~ide any po~sibility of unde~irable oxidation of the surface o~
said pla~e~ 11.
Although for desoribing reaso~s ~he in~ention ha~
been de~cribed on what above ~aid a~d ~hown by way of example in the accompa~ying drawing, ma~y modifications and change~
may be made in embodying the invention, all of them however having to be considered as ba~ed o~ the following claim~.
~ 5 ~
It i~ known that certain metal salt~J when in ~olu- ~ .
tion, lower, in ~ome cases until cancelli~g it, the 'tzed"
potential on which the chemioal s~ability of a colloidal emul-~ion depend~.
~ ffort~ have been ~ade tQ take advantage of such a propert~ for depurating the di~charge waters o~ the cleaning plants~ wherein ~ur~ace-active~ hydrocarbons, mud~ in the colloidal phase and oth~r like colloidal ~ubstance~ are preBent in widel~ var~ing percent~.
Howe~er, the use ~f said metal salt~ i~ oonditioned by an exact value o~ the pH of the ~olution to be depurated by ;
~locculation.
Con~equently, their use is restricted by the need of modifying~ up~tre~m and downætream the floc¢ulation proce~, the pH o~ the colloidal solutio~, which re~uires on one hand conti- ;
nuou~ and local test~ a~d on the other hand the addition of sub~tances correct m g said pH value, ~aid oorrecting ~ub~tances being generall~ highly polluting sub~tance~.
~he present i~vention ha~ ~or it~ object to remove ~aid inconveniences~
~he process for breaking ~ta~ilized emulsion~ according to the pre~ent invention compri~es:
a) a fir~t step o~ breaking of ~aid emul~ionq, during ~.
which the emulsiDn concerned i9 pa~sed through by electric ~:
currents generated by two series of pre~erably metal electrode~
immer~ed into ~aid solution a~d co~nected to the positive pole and the ~egative on~ re~pectively of a direc~ current generator;
b) a ~eoond step of agglomeration of the ~locculat~d particle~; -c) a thlrd step o~ separation of the agglomerated : , . - , - - . : . . ; , ., . , .. . ", . ~.. ... ...
~ - ~
partlcle~ from the depurated water.
~ he device ~uitable to embody the invention according to claim 1 comprises:
a) an emul~ion breaking chamber including two ~eries o~
electrode3 connected to the positive pole and the negative one re~pectively of a direct current generator;
b) an agglomeration hopper within which the ~looculated ~aterial agglomerates;
c) a ¢hamber for 3eparating the flocculated material ~O ~rom the depurated water by di~erenca of den~ity, said separation chamber being ~ide by ide with ~aid agglomeration ~-~
chamber and being provided o~ its bottom with means for ;~
colleoting the deposited material, and on its top with means for removing the depurated water.
~urther, in said devioe, said first chamber i~ provided with emulsion ~eeding mea~s arranged on the bottom of ~aid chamher, while the means for collecting the emul~ion which underwent said breaking proce~s are arranged in th~ upper part of ~aid chamber, 30 that the emul~ion to be treated pa~ses through ~aid fir3t chamber from the bottom upwards.
In said device a suitable conduit conneot~ the upper end of ~aid fir~t chamber to the bottom of the second chamber with a substantially hoppex-lika ~hape, In said device the bottom o~ ~aid third chamber i9 inclined ~o a~ to convey by gravity the depo3iting material corre~pondingly to said means for removing the deposited material.
In said devlce, said third chamber has its upper edge arranged at a higher level than the upper edge of said second chamber.
~inally, in ~aid de~ice, said third ohamber i~ proYidcd on top with two spillways ~or dischargi~g the depurated liquid ~-through o~erflow.
.. . .. . . .... . . ..
~ 5'~ ~ 7 The object~, ~d~anta~e~ ~nd ~eature~ of th~ invention will urther appear in the following de~cription referring to embodiments selected by way of example only with particular referenoe to the accampanying drawings wherein the figure ~how diagrammatically a cros~ ~ec~ion of a particular embodi~nt of the invention.
~ h~ device shown in the drawing comprises a ~irst chamber 1, called heretofore the ~tabilized emul~ion breaking chamber9 proYid~d with a lower feeding pipe 2 for the water~ :
to be depuratad. On its top said chamber 1 i~ connected to a downward pipe ~ feeding the water~, which have already pas~ed through ~aid chamber 1 from the bottom upwards9 toward~ the bottom of an open-top hopper 49 oalled heretofore the flocculated sub~tances aggregating chamber, through a substan-tiall~ ~ub-horizontal feeding pipe 5 whioh ln the case ooncerned surrounds the Iower mouth of said hopper 4.
Said hopper 4 enters a third chamber 6, called hereto-fore the ch~mber ~or separating the ~locculated sub3tance~ from the now clean water~
S~id chamber 6 i~ open on top and comprises on two ~ide~ of its perimeter an overflowing edge 7 for the depurated water. Ou-tside of said overflows 7 i9 provided a pipe 8 for oonveying the now clean water whi¢h i~ then discharged through a di~charge pi~ 9.
~he ~pper edge 10 of said hopper ~ is located quite below said overflowing edge 7 for th0 rea~on~ explained here-below.
Said chamber 1 comprise~, preferabl~ in ~ertical po~i-tio~, aluminium plates 11 oonnected alternatively to the positive pole and the negative one respestively of a direct current generator. ~hough aluminium i~ pre~erabl~, al~o a di~ereIlt material could be u~ed.
~L~57~ 7 Thanks to the pre~ence of -the anode~ and cathude~ in aluminium, fed in known m~nner by a suitable current, the breaking of the colloidal emulsion occurs in ~aid chamber 1.
In such conditions, the ~mul~ion conveyed into ~aid hopper 4, through ~aid pipe 59 ~tartB a pro¢e~3 of agglomera-tion of the colloidal ~ubstance~ which fall on the bottom of ~aid hopper in ~orm of flocks.
When the plant ~tarts, said flocks b~gin depo~iting on the bottom of ~aid hopper 4 where a net 12 may be ~uitably arranged.
When the layer of floculated material deposited on ~aid net 12 reache~ a given thickne~a, the liquid flow flowing through the devioe according to the already ~how~ path from said ~eeding pipe 2 to ~aid discharge pipe 9, cause~ the ~loculated material layer to gradually rise, a~ shown by po~i-tion 13 ~ the drawin~.
When ~aid layer 13 of floculated material reache~ the upper edge of said hopper 4, the flocks of ~aid material, owing to their heavier gravity, fall onto the bottom o~ the chamber 6 which, as alread~ said, includes said h~pper 40 ~ he bottom of ~aid chamber 6 may be provided ~uitabl~, `
in the zone ~urrounding said hopper 4, with inclined sur~ace~
14 80 as to collect in an easier way the flocks depo~ited.
The water now free o~ the polluting materiail which separated therefrom ln form of flock~, leave~ chamber 6 through sald overflow~ 7, pipe 8 and pipe 9.
In th~ lowest zones of the bottom of chamber 6 surrou~ding said hopper 4, are provided discharge pipes 15 for di~charging material depo~ited with a certain amount of ;-~
30 water acting a~ liquid carrying mean~.
Said di~charge pipes 15 m~r, ~n known manner~ co~ey the material collected onto a ~iltering bed, e.g. a sand or , , :
~ 5~ ~ g 7 ballasting bed, a porou~ material carpet, a net or t~e like5 ~!
from where the floculated material may be ea~ily collec~ed, after drying, in the d~y pha~e.
It i~ to be ~oted that th~ eleetrode~ 11 ara subject when acting as anode~ to wear9 and when acting a~ cathodes to be coated by oxide~ which reduces their conducti~ity with a general lowering in the efficiency of the whole plant. ~o thi~ end, according to the invention, a suitably pro~lded switch rever~e~
the fu~otion OI anode and cathode OI ~aid plate~ o a~ to reduce on one ~ide ~aid wear and to remove on the other ~ide any po~sibility of unde~irable oxidation of the surface o~
said pla~e~ 11.
Although for desoribing reaso~s ~he in~ention ha~
been de~cribed on what above ~aid a~d ~hown by way of example in the accompa~ying drawing, ma~y modifications and change~
may be made in embodying the invention, all of them however having to be considered as ba~ed o~ the following claim~.
~ 5 ~
Claims (7)
1. A method for breaking stabilized emulsions, comprising:
(a) a first step of breaking of said emulsions, during which the emulsion is passed through by electric currents generated by two series of preferably metal electrodes immersed in said emulsion and connected to the positive pole and the negative one respectively of a direct current generator;
(b) a second step of agglomeration of the floculated particles;
(c) a third step of separation of the agglomerated particles from the depurated water.
(a) a first step of breaking of said emulsions, during which the emulsion is passed through by electric currents generated by two series of preferably metal electrodes immersed in said emulsion and connected to the positive pole and the negative one respectively of a direct current generator;
(b) a second step of agglomeration of the floculated particles;
(c) a third step of separation of the agglomerated particles from the depurated water.
2. A device suitable to embody the method as claimed in claim 1, comprising:
(a) an emulsion breaking chamber comprising two series of electrodes connected to the positive pole and the negative one respectively of a direct current generator;
(b) an agglomeration hopper where the floculated material agglomerates;
(c) chamber for separation of the floculated material from the depurated water by difference of density, arranged side by side to said agglomeration chamber and provided on its bottom with means for collecting the deposited material and on its top with means for removing the depurated water.
(a) an emulsion breaking chamber comprising two series of electrodes connected to the positive pole and the negative one respectively of a direct current generator;
(b) an agglomeration hopper where the floculated material agglomerates;
(c) chamber for separation of the floculated material from the depurated water by difference of density, arranged side by side to said agglomeration chamber and provided on its bottom with means for collecting the deposited material and on its top with means for removing the depurated water.
3. A device as claimed in claim 2, wherein said first chamber is provided with emulsion feeding means arranged on the bottom thereof, while said means for collecting the emulsion which underwent said breaking process are arranged in the upper part of said chamber, so that the emulsion to be treated passes through said first chamber from the bottom upwards.
4. A device as claimed in claim 2, wherein a suitable pipe connects the upper end of said first chamber to the bottom of said second chamber substantially in form of a hopper.
5. A device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bottom of the third chamber is inclined so as to convey by gravity the deposited material correspondingly to said means for removing the deposited material.
6. A device as claimed in claim 2, wherein said third chamber has its upper edge arranged at a higher level than the upper edge of said second chamber.
7. A device as claimed in claim 6, wherein said third chamber is provided on top with two spillways for discharging the depurated liquid by overflow.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT12627/75A IT1033890B (en) | 1975-05-28 | 1975-05-28 | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR BREAKING STABILIZED EMULSIONS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1057697A true CA1057697A (en) | 1979-07-03 |
Family
ID=11142321
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA253,241A Expired CA1057697A (en) | 1975-05-28 | 1976-05-25 | Method and device for breaking stabilized emulsions |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1057697A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH604810A5 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE7616768U1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1504656A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1033890B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7605803A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2541130B1 (en) * | 1983-02-21 | 1988-07-29 | Elf Aquitaine | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR BREAKING STABILIZED EMULSIONS, IN PARTICULAR OIL-WATER EMULSIONS |
| DE3490702C2 (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1988-07-28 | Char'kovskij Politechniceskij Institut Imeni V.I. Lenina, Char'kov, Su | |
| DE19642999A1 (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 1997-08-07 | Werner Schreiber | Industrial electro-floatation waste water treatment process |
-
1975
- 1975-05-28 IT IT12627/75A patent/IT1033890B/en active
-
1976
- 1976-05-10 CH CH585276A patent/CH604810A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-05-25 DE DE7616768U patent/DE7616768U1/en not_active Expired
- 1976-05-25 DE DE19762623439 patent/DE2623439A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1976-05-25 CA CA253,241A patent/CA1057697A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-05-28 NL NL7605803A patent/NL7605803A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-05-28 GB GB22327/76A patent/GB1504656A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE7616768U1 (en) | 1979-09-13 |
| NL7605803A (en) | 1976-11-30 |
| DE2623439A1 (en) | 1976-12-16 |
| GB1504656A (en) | 1978-03-22 |
| CH604810A5 (en) | 1978-09-15 |
| IT1033890B (en) | 1979-08-10 |
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