CA1055735A - Lead alloy for battery plate screen - Google Patents
Lead alloy for battery plate screenInfo
- Publication number
- CA1055735A CA1055735A CA222,799A CA222799A CA1055735A CA 1055735 A CA1055735 A CA 1055735A CA 222799 A CA222799 A CA 222799A CA 1055735 A CA1055735 A CA 1055735A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- antimony
- lead alloy
- arsenic
- tin
- tellurium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/68—Selection of materials for use in lead-acid accumulators
- H01M4/685—Lead alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C11/00—Alloys based on lead
- C22C11/08—Alloys based on lead with antimony or bismuth as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C11/00—Alloys based on lead
- C22C11/08—Alloys based on lead with antimony or bismuth as the next major constituent
- C22C11/10—Alloys based on lead with antimony or bismuth as the next major constituent with tin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
Alliage de plomb pauvre en antimoine pour grille de plaque d'accumulateur comprenant notamment du tellure dans une quantité en poids comprise de 0.001% et 0.2%, 1 à 3.5% d'antimoine, 0.01 à 0.2% d'arsenic. 0.005 à 0.05% d'étain et 0 à 0.3% d'argent.Lead alloy poor in antimony for accumulator plate grid including tellurium in an amount by weight of 0.001% and 0.2%, 1 to 3.5% of antimony, 0.01 to 0.2% of arsenic. 0.005 to 0.05% tin and 0 to 0.3% silver.
Description
La présente invention a pour ob~et un alliage de plomb pour des grilles de plaques d'accumulateurs, et notammsnt un alliage pauvre en antimoine.
Les grilles de plaques d'accumulatsurs au plomb sont généralement constituées ~'un alliage préssntant une teneur en antimoine de l'ordre de 3,5%
à 11% en poids. De tels allia~es ont llavantage d'avoir uns résistance méca~
nique suffisante et une bonne qualité de coulée. Ils présentent par ailleurs dè nombreux inconvénients ; ainsi, la corrosion électrochimique entra~ne la présence d'antimoine dans les matières actives positive et négative, et il apparait une sulfatation importante des plaques au cours du stockage de la batterie. Par ailleurs, au niveau des plaques négatives, la surtension d'hydro-~ gène est faible car la matière active est empoisonnée par l'antimoine provenant ;~ des plaques positiVes, les grilles négatives ont également une surtension faible. Il en résulte d'une part des consommations d'électrolyte importantes lorsqu'on surcharge la batterie à tension constante, et d'autrs part une j auto~décharge rapide de cette batterie. ~ -"s~ La présente invention a pour but de réaliser un alliage permettant d'éviter les inconvénients des alliages à forte teneur en antimoine et de conserver dans la mesure du possible leurs avantages.
La présente invention a pour ob~et un alliage de plomb pour grille de plague d'accumulateur, caractérisé par le fait qu'il contient 1% 3 3,5%
d'antimoine, 0,001% à 0,2% de tellure, 0,01% à 0,2% d'arsenic, 0,005% à 0,05%
d'étain, et du plomb.
.~ .
Sans les impuretés d'arsenic, de tellure et d'étain dans les propor-tions définies ci-dsssus, un alliage comprenant 2,5% à 3,5% d'antimoine serait mou et un alliage comprenant 1% à 2,5% serait à la fois mou et cassant. Le tellure a~outé dans une quantité choisie entre 0,001% et 0,2% suivant la teneur en antimoine permet de supprimer les risques de fissure de l'alliage et d'amé-liorer ses propriétés mécaniques telles que la dureté, la résistance à la flexion et à la traction. L'ajout d'étain permet d'améliorer la qualité de coulée de l'alliage et l'ajout d'arsenic améliore encore les prapriétés méca-niquss.
. ,.
;, . . .
On peut utiliser avantagæusement pour les grilles de plaques posi-tives et négatives ~es alliages de plomb comportant les éléments suivants :
1sr exemple antimoine : 1~
tellure : 0,1%
arsenic : 0,0~%
étain : 0,03%
2ème exemple antimoine : 2%
tellure : 0,075%
arsenic : 0~08%
. étain : 0,03%
3ème exemple antimoine : 2,5%
tellure : 0,001%
arsenic : 0,05 à O,OB%
étain : 0,03%
:~ Pour les grilles de plaques positives, et notamment celles dss battsries de traction et semi-fixes, on ajoute de préférence une quantité
1 20 d'argent comprise entre 0,02% et 0,3% pour diminuer la corrosion électrochimique.
.~. Ainsi, on peut mettre en oeuvre avantageusement l'alliage suivant :
antimoine : 2,5%
tellure : 0,001%
j arsenic : 0,05% à 0,0~%
étain : 0,03%
argent : 0,10% à û,13%
On a mesuré qu'une grille réalisée en l'alliage précédent perdait moins de poids par corrosion électrochimique qu'une grille réalisée en un alliage classique contenant 6% d'antimoine et 0,13% d'argent.
Des essais ont permis de vérifier qu'un alliage selon l'invention i présentait une ~onne qualité de coulée pour le moulage des grilles minces et que ces dernières avaient une dureté et une résistance mécanique à la traction The present invention has for ob ~ and a lead alloy for grids of accumulator plates, and in particular an alloy low in antimony.
Lead acid battery grids are generally consisting of an alloy with an antimony content of the order of 3.5%
at 11% by weight. Such allies ~ es have the advantage of having a mechanical resistance ~
sufficient nique and good quality of casting. They also present many disadvantages; thus, the electrochemical corrosion entered ~ does the presence of antimony in the positive and negative active ingredients, and it a significant sulfation of the plates appears during storage of the drums. In addition, at the level of the negative plates, the over-voltage of hydro-~ gene is weak because the active ingredient is poisoned by antimony from ; ~ positive plates, negative grids also have an overvoltage low. On the one hand, this results in significant electrolyte consumption.
when the battery is overcharged at constant voltage, and others share a j auto ~ fast discharge of this battery. ~ -"s ~ The present invention aims to achieve an alloy for avoid the disadvantages of alloys with a high antimony content and keep their benefits as much as possible.
The present invention has for ob ~ and a lead alloy for grid of accumulator plague, characterized in that it contains 1% 3 3.5%
antimony, 0.001% to 0.2% tellurium, 0.01% to 0.2% arsenic, 0.005% to 0.05%
tin, and lead.
. ~.
Without the arsenic, tellurium and tin impurities in the proportions tions defined above, an alloy comprising 2.5% to 3.5% of antimony would soft and an alloy comprising 1% to 2.5% would be both soft and brittle. The tellurium a ~ outed in a quantity chosen between 0.001% and 0.2% depending on the content antimony eliminates the risk of cracking of the alloy and improve its mechanical properties such as hardness, resistance to bending and tensile. Adding tin improves the quality of casting of the alloy and the addition of arsenic further improves the mechanical properties niquss.
. ,.
;,. . .
Can be used advantageously for grids of posi-tives et negatives ~ es lead alloys containing the following elements:
1sr example antimony: 1 ~
tellurium: 0.1%
arsenic: 0.0 ~%
tin: 0.03%
2nd example antimony: 2%
tellurium: 0.075%
arsenic: 0 ~ 08%
. tin: 0.03%
3rd example antimony: 2.5%
tellurium: 0.001%
arsenic: 0.05 to O, OB%
tin: 0.03%
: ~ For the grids of positive plates, and in particular those dss traction and semi-fixed battsries, preferably add a quantity 1 20 of silver between 0.02% and 0.3% to reduce electrochemical corrosion.
. ~. Thus, the following alloy can be advantageously used:
antimony: 2.5%
tellurium: 0.001%
j arsenic: 0.05% to 0.0 ~%
tin: 0.03%
silver: 0.10% to û, 13%
We measured that a grid made of the previous alloy lost less weight by electrochemical corrosion than a grid made in one classic alloy containing 6% antimony and 0.13% silver.
Tests have made it possible to verify that an alloy according to the invention i presented a ~ onne quality of casting for the molding of thin grids and that the latter had a hardness and mechanical tensile strength
- 2 suffisantes. Cependant, afin d'augmsnter enrore la dureté des grilles, il est possible de leur faire subir un traitemant thermique complémentaire tel qu'une trempe à l'eau dès la sortie du moule ~ ce traitement permet en outre de tendre vers une solution solide sursaturée limitant le départ de l'antimoine~
i On observe que, dans des batteries cnntenant des grilles en alliage selon l'inVention, la pollution par l'antimoine des plaques positives st négatives et le dégagement d'hydrogène sont plus faibles que dans les batteries connues jusqu'à préSent. La tension de fln de charge est nettement supérieure aussi bien pour des batteries neuves que pour des batteries usagées. La consommation d'électrolyts est diminuée et, pour les batteries de démarrage, ~
il n'est pas nécessaire d'ajouter de l'eau pendant leur durée de vie, sans ~ -'' ' 5 ~t pour autant augmenter leur réserve d'électrolyte ~ la conservation de leur capacité est égalemEnt nettement améliorée au cours d'un sto~kage de plusieurs mois.
'7 Bien entendu, l'utilisation de l'alliage selon l'invention n'est pas limitée à la fabrication des grilles des types de batteries mentionnés précé- ~
: ~, demment.
.' .~ ;' .
', ~, ..
.,~ .
.1 ~
,,' ' `'J' 3 :~. - 2 sufficient. However, in order to increase the hardness of the grates, it is possible to subject them to additional heat treatment such as water quenching as soon as it leaves the mold ~ this treatment also makes it possible to stretch towards a supersaturated solid solution limiting the departure of antimony ~
i It is observed that, in batteries now containing alloy grids according to the invention, the antimony pollution of positive plates st negative and the release of hydrogen is lower than in batteries known up to now. The charging fln voltage is much higher both for new batteries and for used batteries. The consumption of electrolyts is reduced and, for starter batteries, ~
it is not necessary to add water during their lifetime, without ~ -'''5 ~ t however increase their electrolyte reserve ~ the conservation of their capacity is also markedly improved during a storage of several month.
7 Of course, the use of the alloy according to the invention is not limited to the manufacture of grids of the types of batteries mentioned above.
: ~, demment.
. ' . ~; ' .
', ~, ..
., ~.
.1 ~
,, '' `` J '3 : ~.
Claims (6)
d'arsenic, 0.005% a 0.05% d'étain, et 0 à 0.3% d'argent. 1. Lead alloy for battery plate grid reader, characterized in that it contains lead, 1% a 3.5% antimony, 0.001% to 0.2% tellurium, 0.01% to 0.2%
arsenic, 0.005% to 0.05% tin, and 0 to 0.3% silver.
tellurium, 0.08% arsenic and 0.03% tin.
tellurium, 0.05% to 0.08% arsenic, and 0.03% tin.
tellurium, 0.08% arsenic and 0.03% tin.
d'argent. 6. Lead alloy according to claim 5, charac-terrified by the fact that it contains 2.5% antimony, 0.001%
tellurium, 0.08% arsenic, 0.03% tin, and 0.10% to 0.13%
silver.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7409704A FR2278779A1 (en) | 1974-03-21 | 1974-03-21 | LEAD ALLOY FOR ACCUMULATOR PLATE GRILLE |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA1055735A true CA1055735A (en) | 1979-06-05 |
Family
ID=9136669
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA222,799A Expired CA1055735A (en) | 1974-03-21 | 1975-03-21 | Lead alloy for battery plate screen |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE825968A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1055735A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2512049A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK115675A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2278779A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1484211A (en) |
IE (1) | IE40867B1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1034368B (en) |
LU (1) | LU72044A1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL7503287A (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH601480A5 (en) * | 1976-04-13 | 1978-07-14 | Battelle Memorial Institute | |
FR2431544A1 (en) * | 1978-07-20 | 1980-02-15 | Europ Accumulateurs | IMPROVEMENTS IN ALLOYS INTENDED FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LEAD BATTERY ELECTRODES |
DE2907227C2 (en) * | 1979-02-23 | 1985-05-09 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Use of a lead alloy |
DE3042011A1 (en) * | 1980-11-07 | 1982-06-03 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | LEAD-ANTIMONE WALL ALLOY |
US4456579A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1984-06-26 | Gnb Batteries Inc. | Low antimony lead-based alloy and method |
DE3401441A1 (en) * | 1984-01-17 | 1985-07-18 | HAGEN Batterie AG, 4770 Soest | Lead accumulator |
-
1974
- 1974-03-21 FR FR7409704A patent/FR2278779A1/en active Granted
-
1975
- 1975-02-26 BE BE1006482A patent/BE825968A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-03-13 LU LU72044A patent/LU72044A1/xx unknown
- 1975-03-18 IT IT21367/75A patent/IT1034368B/en active
- 1975-03-18 GB GB11280/75A patent/GB1484211A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-03-19 NL NL7503287A patent/NL7503287A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1975-03-19 DE DE19752512049 patent/DE2512049A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1975-03-20 DK DK115675A patent/DK115675A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1975-03-20 IE IE616/75A patent/IE40867B1/en unknown
- 1975-03-21 CA CA222,799A patent/CA1055735A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2512049A1 (en) | 1975-09-25 |
IE40867B1 (en) | 1979-08-29 |
DK115675A (en) | 1975-09-22 |
GB1484211A (en) | 1977-09-01 |
FR2278779B1 (en) | 1977-01-21 |
FR2278779A1 (en) | 1976-02-13 |
BE825968A (en) | 1975-08-26 |
LU72044A1 (en) | 1976-02-04 |
NL7503287A (en) | 1975-09-23 |
IT1034368B (en) | 1979-09-10 |
IE40867L (en) | 1975-09-21 |
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