CA1055348A - Diffuser drape configuration - Google Patents
Diffuser drape configurationInfo
- Publication number
- CA1055348A CA1055348A CA244,778A CA244778A CA1055348A CA 1055348 A CA1055348 A CA 1055348A CA 244778 A CA244778 A CA 244778A CA 1055348 A CA1055348 A CA 1055348A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- diffuser
- work area
- drape
- aperture
- approximately
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B46/00—Surgical drapes
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Duct Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The invention relates to diffuser drapes and has a particular application to drapes such as those used in surgical operations. Diffuser drapes have been proposed with a substantially elliptical aperture defining a work area which is surrounded by an inflatable clean air duct means integral with the drape. The clean air duct means has a diffuser therein surrounding the aperture and shaped so diffuse low velocity clean air radially through the diffuser inwardly across the aperture from opposite sides thereof to provide a resultant flow away from the aperture and upwardly and partly outwardly of the work area about the upper edges thereof. One of the prob-lems faced with this type of drape is that of manufacturing the diffuser in an economical fashion. In the present invention the diffuser comprises an upper diffuser part and a bottom diffuser part joined by a seam adjacent the periphery of the work area, the bottom diffuser part having an effective area of between approximately 50% less than and approximately 20% greater than the said work urea. The top diffuser part has an annular width of approximately 3 inches and an area sufficient to provide a class 100 clean station air flow pattern adjacent the work area.
The invention relates to diffuser drapes and has a particular application to drapes such as those used in surgical operations. Diffuser drapes have been proposed with a substantially elliptical aperture defining a work area which is surrounded by an inflatable clean air duct means integral with the drape. The clean air duct means has a diffuser therein surrounding the aperture and shaped so diffuse low velocity clean air radially through the diffuser inwardly across the aperture from opposite sides thereof to provide a resultant flow away from the aperture and upwardly and partly outwardly of the work area about the upper edges thereof. One of the prob-lems faced with this type of drape is that of manufacturing the diffuser in an economical fashion. In the present invention the diffuser comprises an upper diffuser part and a bottom diffuser part joined by a seam adjacent the periphery of the work area, the bottom diffuser part having an effective area of between approximately 50% less than and approximately 20% greater than the said work urea. The top diffuser part has an annular width of approximately 3 inches and an area sufficient to provide a class 100 clean station air flow pattern adjacent the work area.
Description
The present invention relates to a diffuser drape for providing a clean work area, such as, for example, the site of a surgical operation.
In the past diffuser drapes have been proposed, see the Criddle et al Canadian patent appllcation 200,154 filed May 169 1974, which have a subs~antially elliptical aperture defining, in operation, the work area, which work area is surrounded by an inflatable clean air duct integral with the drape and surrounding the aperture. The clean air duct has a diffuser means therein which surrounds the aperture and is shaped to diffuse, in operation, a low velocity clean air radially through the diffuser means inwardly across the aperture from opposite sides thereof to provide a resultant flow away therefrom and outwardly of the work area about the edges thereof.
Cne of the problems encountered with this type of diffuser drape is that of manufacturing the diffuser means in an economical fashion whilst still providing the necessary configuration, upon inflation of the diffuser, to produce the required clean air pattern.
The present invention provides an efficient and economical con- ~ -struction by providing ~he diffuser in two parts, an upper diffuser par~ ~ ~
and a bottom diffuser part joined by a seam adjacent the periphery of the `
work area; the bottom diffuser part having an effective area of between approximately 50% less than and approximately 20% greater than the work area; the top diffuser part has an area sufficient to create, in operation, a class 100 clean station condition surrounding the perimeter of the work area.
A class 100 clean station condition is defined by the U.S. Federal Standard 209A as having an essentially laminar flow of approximately 100 feet per minute of air which contains less than 100 particles per cubic foot having a diameter of .5 microns.
In a preferred construction the top di~user part is hetween 4 inches and 2 inches in annular width and is pre$erably ~f 3 inches in . .
1~5534~
annular width.
For an embodiment of the invention where it is desired to provide a velocity of air flow at the lower end of the spectrum producing a class 100 clean station condition, the bottom diffuser part is sized to have an area of approximately 50~ less than the work area.
In an embodiment of the invention where it is desired to produce air velocities at about the middle of the range producing a class 100 clean StatiQn condition the effective area of the bottom diffuser part is arranged to be approximately 15% less than the work area.
In an embodiment of the diffuser drape according to the invention in which it is desired to provide air velocities at the top end of the spectrum producing a class 100 clean station condition the bottom diffuser is arranged to be approximately 20% more than the work area.
The following is description, by way of example, of certain embodiments of the present invention, reference being had to the accompany-ing drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic top plan view of the diffuser drape showing the top diffuser part attached to the drape;
Figure 2 is a view of the underside of the drape showing the bottom part attached to the drape; and Figure 3 is a diagrammatic cross-section through the drape and diffuser with the diffuser inflated.
~eferring now to the drawings, drape 10, which may be a surgical drape is provided with an elliptical aperture`ll therein. The elliptical aperture provides the work area. An inflatable clean air duct means shown generally at 12 is sewn into the drape so as to become integral therewith and to surround the aperture 11. The clean air duct 12, as will be seen from the drawings, is itself of substantially elliptical shape. It may, under cer~ain conditions e.g. where-a stiff fabric material is desired for the 3Q duct 12, be advantageous to, in ef~ect, cut the duct 12 along ~he line 12' 1~553~8 to provide edges 12' and 12" and to join these edges 12' and 12" with a fabric gusset. A diffuser 13 sewn into the duct 12 (sffe Figure 3) comprises an upper diffuser part 14 and a lower diffuser part 15 jointed together at a seam 17. This seaming of the diffuser and constructing it in two parts provides for an efficient and economical manufacture of the diffuser. The shape of the diffuser, when inflated, is such that it will provide a current of clean air radially inwardly across the aperture from opposite sides there-of to produce a resultant flow away from the aperture and upwardly and partly outwardly of the work area about the upper edges thereof. A diffuser of this general type is described in the Criddle U.S. Patent 3,719,136 issued March 6~
1973. In Figure 3 the diffuser drape is shown as a surgical drape resting -`
on the body of the patient B. The diffuser duct portion 20 is conveniently made o a similar material to the material of the drape 10 and provides sleeves 21 for attachment to air hoses from a source of clean air. Suitably the duct 20 may be made of cotton of 140 to 180 threads per inch whilst the diffuser upper part 14 and the diffuser bottom part 15 may be of a plain weave cotton material weighing 5.2 ounces per yard sold under the Dominion Textiles trade name TOWN ~ COUNTRY and having 50 threads per inch in the warp and 43 threads per inch in the weft. When the duct portion 20 is as specified above, a very slight diffusion takes place radially through the duct portion 20 and may have beneficial effects in some applications. Where unwanted, this minor difusion may be reduced by doubling the number of layers of material or by making the material less permeable.
The clean air source is normally positioned remotely from the drape and delivers clean air through the hoses such that in normal situations clean air is delivered through the diffuser from the work area at about 10Q feet per minute (fpm). The velocities often used in the clean air art are 90 fpm + 20 fpm.
However, for certain types of operation, it may be preferred to deliver air close to the bottom end of the spectrum which fulfils the require-11~5534~
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11~15534~3 ment to produce a class lO0 clean station condition at the work area and this would normally be about 50 feet per minute from the work area. Gn the other hand, it is sometimes required, say in surgical opera~ions where a faster dryin~ rate than normal is required by the surgeon, to operate at a much higher air velocity, say about 150 feet per minute from the work area.
Hereunder is a chart for elliptical diffusers of different si~es and delivering different velocities of clean air. When the width of the diffu-ser parts are mentioned, it is to be understood that those widths are measured as an annular width such as shown in rl in Figure 1 and r2 in Figure 2. The dimensions of the aperture in the drape are given in inches and are measured and indicated by the arrows al and a2 in Figure 1. In the chart, it is assumed that the top difuser has a width rl of 3 inches.
A comparison of the sizes from the chart will show that the area of the bottom diffuser which provides the minimum air velocity, that of 50 feet per minute is approximately 50% of the opening of the aperture.
In the normal case where the 100 feet per minute velocity is ~-required it will be no~ed that the area of the bottom diffuser is very close to the same as the area of the aperture and is in fact approximately 15%
less.
Where the upper range of velocities are required, say 150 feet per minute, it will be noted that the area of the bottom part of the diffuser is about 20% greater than the area of the aperture, or work area.
By maintaining the area of the bottom par~ of the diffuser at the specified relationships to the area of ths aperture, or work area, and by maintaining the upper part of the diffuser width such that it will pro-vide a class 100 clean station condition adjacent to the work area, and which for all practical purposes is preferably between 2 inches and 4 inches, the air patterns produced from this simply constructed diffuser are in accordance wi~h those explained in the aforementioned Criddle United States Patent No. 3,71~,136 and provide a class 100 clean station condition 1~)553~8 at the work area.
It is to be understood that whilst the conditions discussed above are those pertaining to a class 100 clean station condition, there will be practical situations in which it will be desired to increase the air velocity through the diffuser beyond that of the class 100 clean station condition to, say, 200 eet per minute, or say, 250 feet per minute. At these higher air velocit.ies the diffuser size relationships discussecl, still maintain air patterns in accordance with the aforementioned patent~
In the past diffuser drapes have been proposed, see the Criddle et al Canadian patent appllcation 200,154 filed May 169 1974, which have a subs~antially elliptical aperture defining, in operation, the work area, which work area is surrounded by an inflatable clean air duct integral with the drape and surrounding the aperture. The clean air duct has a diffuser means therein which surrounds the aperture and is shaped to diffuse, in operation, a low velocity clean air radially through the diffuser means inwardly across the aperture from opposite sides thereof to provide a resultant flow away therefrom and outwardly of the work area about the edges thereof.
Cne of the problems encountered with this type of diffuser drape is that of manufacturing the diffuser means in an economical fashion whilst still providing the necessary configuration, upon inflation of the diffuser, to produce the required clean air pattern.
The present invention provides an efficient and economical con- ~ -struction by providing ~he diffuser in two parts, an upper diffuser par~ ~ ~
and a bottom diffuser part joined by a seam adjacent the periphery of the `
work area; the bottom diffuser part having an effective area of between approximately 50% less than and approximately 20% greater than the work area; the top diffuser part has an area sufficient to create, in operation, a class 100 clean station condition surrounding the perimeter of the work area.
A class 100 clean station condition is defined by the U.S. Federal Standard 209A as having an essentially laminar flow of approximately 100 feet per minute of air which contains less than 100 particles per cubic foot having a diameter of .5 microns.
In a preferred construction the top di~user part is hetween 4 inches and 2 inches in annular width and is pre$erably ~f 3 inches in . .
1~5534~
annular width.
For an embodiment of the invention where it is desired to provide a velocity of air flow at the lower end of the spectrum producing a class 100 clean station condition, the bottom diffuser part is sized to have an area of approximately 50~ less than the work area.
In an embodiment of the invention where it is desired to produce air velocities at about the middle of the range producing a class 100 clean StatiQn condition the effective area of the bottom diffuser part is arranged to be approximately 15% less than the work area.
In an embodiment of the diffuser drape according to the invention in which it is desired to provide air velocities at the top end of the spectrum producing a class 100 clean station condition the bottom diffuser is arranged to be approximately 20% more than the work area.
The following is description, by way of example, of certain embodiments of the present invention, reference being had to the accompany-ing drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic top plan view of the diffuser drape showing the top diffuser part attached to the drape;
Figure 2 is a view of the underside of the drape showing the bottom part attached to the drape; and Figure 3 is a diagrammatic cross-section through the drape and diffuser with the diffuser inflated.
~eferring now to the drawings, drape 10, which may be a surgical drape is provided with an elliptical aperture`ll therein. The elliptical aperture provides the work area. An inflatable clean air duct means shown generally at 12 is sewn into the drape so as to become integral therewith and to surround the aperture 11. The clean air duct 12, as will be seen from the drawings, is itself of substantially elliptical shape. It may, under cer~ain conditions e.g. where-a stiff fabric material is desired for the 3Q duct 12, be advantageous to, in ef~ect, cut the duct 12 along ~he line 12' 1~553~8 to provide edges 12' and 12" and to join these edges 12' and 12" with a fabric gusset. A diffuser 13 sewn into the duct 12 (sffe Figure 3) comprises an upper diffuser part 14 and a lower diffuser part 15 jointed together at a seam 17. This seaming of the diffuser and constructing it in two parts provides for an efficient and economical manufacture of the diffuser. The shape of the diffuser, when inflated, is such that it will provide a current of clean air radially inwardly across the aperture from opposite sides there-of to produce a resultant flow away from the aperture and upwardly and partly outwardly of the work area about the upper edges thereof. A diffuser of this general type is described in the Criddle U.S. Patent 3,719,136 issued March 6~
1973. In Figure 3 the diffuser drape is shown as a surgical drape resting -`
on the body of the patient B. The diffuser duct portion 20 is conveniently made o a similar material to the material of the drape 10 and provides sleeves 21 for attachment to air hoses from a source of clean air. Suitably the duct 20 may be made of cotton of 140 to 180 threads per inch whilst the diffuser upper part 14 and the diffuser bottom part 15 may be of a plain weave cotton material weighing 5.2 ounces per yard sold under the Dominion Textiles trade name TOWN ~ COUNTRY and having 50 threads per inch in the warp and 43 threads per inch in the weft. When the duct portion 20 is as specified above, a very slight diffusion takes place radially through the duct portion 20 and may have beneficial effects in some applications. Where unwanted, this minor difusion may be reduced by doubling the number of layers of material or by making the material less permeable.
The clean air source is normally positioned remotely from the drape and delivers clean air through the hoses such that in normal situations clean air is delivered through the diffuser from the work area at about 10Q feet per minute (fpm). The velocities often used in the clean air art are 90 fpm + 20 fpm.
However, for certain types of operation, it may be preferred to deliver air close to the bottom end of the spectrum which fulfils the require-11~5534~
_ _ ., h ~ ~d ~OOOo ~ ¢ NU')00 N1~
~i U~
~ _ _. _ a~ In a) ~ a>Ll~~7~1N ~D
h ~ ~ . . .. .
_1 ~_ ~`--I~ NN t~) __ _ h _~
~1 h ~ ) a ¢ ~ _, .
_, o _ Vl ~d r' (I) O O N O O
h ~ o ~1 ~1 ~ N
Z 3 ~
_ h ,_ . ., ~ td ~ oo O ~ O O
cl) 'a ¢ ~
~: ~ ~J
o _ ~ ~q ~ a~
.
E~ .~ ~ ~ O O o ~ ~ . ~ .
H _ _ __ ~d ~ ~ 1N. ~. 00 ~
~ 5~ t 7 ';t O
E-' ~ ~IN ~) _ h v~
~d ~H C ~D ~ ~ ~ ,~
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¢ C~1~ ~ N ~~
E-l v~ :, _ b~ U~ ~ 00 C ~ ~ N
'C '~ O
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ O
~ 01 _~ ~1 _ _ ~-a~ ~o ~ o ~ ~D 00 ~'~ ~ U~
C X X X X X
~ O 00 0~
11~15534~3 ment to produce a class lO0 clean station condition at the work area and this would normally be about 50 feet per minute from the work area. Gn the other hand, it is sometimes required, say in surgical opera~ions where a faster dryin~ rate than normal is required by the surgeon, to operate at a much higher air velocity, say about 150 feet per minute from the work area.
Hereunder is a chart for elliptical diffusers of different si~es and delivering different velocities of clean air. When the width of the diffu-ser parts are mentioned, it is to be understood that those widths are measured as an annular width such as shown in rl in Figure 1 and r2 in Figure 2. The dimensions of the aperture in the drape are given in inches and are measured and indicated by the arrows al and a2 in Figure 1. In the chart, it is assumed that the top difuser has a width rl of 3 inches.
A comparison of the sizes from the chart will show that the area of the bottom diffuser which provides the minimum air velocity, that of 50 feet per minute is approximately 50% of the opening of the aperture.
In the normal case where the 100 feet per minute velocity is ~-required it will be no~ed that the area of the bottom diffuser is very close to the same as the area of the aperture and is in fact approximately 15%
less.
Where the upper range of velocities are required, say 150 feet per minute, it will be noted that the area of the bottom part of the diffuser is about 20% greater than the area of the aperture, or work area.
By maintaining the area of the bottom par~ of the diffuser at the specified relationships to the area of ths aperture, or work area, and by maintaining the upper part of the diffuser width such that it will pro-vide a class 100 clean station condition adjacent to the work area, and which for all practical purposes is preferably between 2 inches and 4 inches, the air patterns produced from this simply constructed diffuser are in accordance wi~h those explained in the aforementioned Criddle United States Patent No. 3,71~,136 and provide a class 100 clean station condition 1~)553~8 at the work area.
It is to be understood that whilst the conditions discussed above are those pertaining to a class 100 clean station condition, there will be practical situations in which it will be desired to increase the air velocity through the diffuser beyond that of the class 100 clean station condition to, say, 200 eet per minute, or say, 250 feet per minute. At these higher air velocit.ies the diffuser size relationships discussecl, still maintain air patterns in accordance with the aforementioned patent~
Claims (7)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A diffuser drape comprising a drape member having a substantially elliptical aperture therein defining, in operation, a work area; inflatable clean air duct means integral with said drape and surrounding said aperture;
said clean air duct means having diffuser means therein surrounding said aperture and shaped to diffuse, in operation, low velocity clean air radially through the diffuser means inwardly across the aperture from opposite sides thereof to provide a resultant flow away therefrom and out-wardly of the work area about the edges thereof; said diffuser means comprising an upper diffuser part and a bottom diffuser part joined by a seam adjacent the periphery of the work area; said bottom diffuser part having an effective area of between approximately 50% less than and appro-ximately 20% greater than the said work area; said top diffuser part having an area sufficient to create, in operation, a class 100 clean station condition surrounding the perimeter of the work area.
said clean air duct means having diffuser means therein surrounding said aperture and shaped to diffuse, in operation, low velocity clean air radially through the diffuser means inwardly across the aperture from opposite sides thereof to provide a resultant flow away therefrom and out-wardly of the work area about the edges thereof; said diffuser means comprising an upper diffuser part and a bottom diffuser part joined by a seam adjacent the periphery of the work area; said bottom diffuser part having an effective area of between approximately 50% less than and appro-ximately 20% greater than the said work area; said top diffuser part having an area sufficient to create, in operation, a class 100 clean station condition surrounding the perimeter of the work area.
2 A drape as claimed in claim 1, in which the top diffuser part is between 4 inches and 2 inches in annular width.
3 A drape as claimed in claim 1, in which the effective area of the bottom diffuser part is approximately 50% less than said work area.
4. A drape as claimed in claim 1, in which the effective area of the bottom diffuser part is approximately 15% less than said work area.
5. A diffuser drape as claimed in claim 1, in which the effective area of the bottom diffuser part is approximately 20% more than said work area.
6. A drape as claimed in claim 2, in which the annular width of the top diffuser part is 3 inches.
7. A diffureser drape comprising a drape member having a substantially ellipitical aperture therein defining, in operation, a work area; inflatable clean air duct means integral with said drape and surrounding said aperture;
said clean air duct means having diffuser means therein surrounding said aperture and shaped to diffuse, in operation, low velocity clean air radially through the diffuser means inwardly across the aperture from opposite sides thereof to provide a resultant flow away therefrom and outwardly of the work area about the edges thereof; said diffuser means comprising an upper dif-fuser part and a bottom diffuser part joined by a seam adjacent the periphery of the work area; said bottom diffuser part having an effective area of approximately 15% less than said work area; said top diffuser part having an annular width of approximately 3 inches.
said clean air duct means having diffuser means therein surrounding said aperture and shaped to diffuse, in operation, low velocity clean air radially through the diffuser means inwardly across the aperture from opposite sides thereof to provide a resultant flow away therefrom and outwardly of the work area about the edges thereof; said diffuser means comprising an upper dif-fuser part and a bottom diffuser part joined by a seam adjacent the periphery of the work area; said bottom diffuser part having an effective area of approximately 15% less than said work area; said top diffuser part having an annular width of approximately 3 inches.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA244,778A CA1055348A (en) | 1976-02-02 | 1976-02-02 | Diffuser drape configuration |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA244,778A CA1055348A (en) | 1976-02-02 | 1976-02-02 | Diffuser drape configuration |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1055348A true CA1055348A (en) | 1979-05-29 |
Family
ID=4105117
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA244,778A Expired CA1055348A (en) | 1976-02-02 | 1976-02-02 | Diffuser drape configuration |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1055348A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105465048A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-04-06 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Fold-shaped pressure expander |
-
1976
- 1976-02-02 CA CA244,778A patent/CA1055348A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105465048A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-04-06 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Fold-shaped pressure expander |
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