CA1054645A - Tube joint - Google Patents
Tube jointInfo
- Publication number
- CA1054645A CA1054645A CA262012A CA262012A CA1054645A CA 1054645 A CA1054645 A CA 1054645A CA 262012 A CA262012 A CA 262012A CA 262012 A CA262012 A CA 262012A CA 1054645 A CA1054645 A CA 1054645A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- ring
- wall
- flap
- tubes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L25/00—Constructive types of pipe joints not provided for in groups F16L13/00 - F16L23/00 ; Details of pipe joints not otherwise provided for, e.g. electrically conducting or insulating means
- F16L25/0036—Joints for corrugated pipes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Joints That Cut Off Fluids, And Hose Joints (AREA)
- Joints With Sleeves (AREA)
- Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
In a joint between two tubes having a corrugated outer wall and a smooth or corrugated inner wall the tubes are cut to form each an open annular space between said walls at the end. A sealing ring is received by the spaces, and the tubes are pressed against the sealing ring by means of a lock ring tightened about the tube ends.
In a joint between two tubes having a corrugated outer wall and a smooth or corrugated inner wall the tubes are cut to form each an open annular space between said walls at the end. A sealing ring is received by the spaces, and the tubes are pressed against the sealing ring by means of a lock ring tightened about the tube ends.
Description
~ 0$4G45 ~
The invention relates to a joint between tubes having a double wall structure comprising a corrugated outer ~ -wall and a smooth or reversedly corrugated inner wall joining ~ .
the roots of the outer wall, and a lock ring applied around :
the tube ends and engaging a crest of the corrugated outer :. .
wall of each tube.
An object of the invention is to provide a simple joint between tubes of the kind referred to wherein the specific ~.
characteristics of such tubes are utilized and which comprises 10 a minimum of elements so that the joint will be of a simple .-structure and thus can be produced at low costs.
The tube joint can easily be mounted and demounted .
and provides a reliable seal and connection between the tubes.
Additional objects and advantages of the invention :
will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned ;
by practice of thc invention. The objects and advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in ~-the appended claims.
To achieve the foregoing objects and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, as embodied and broadly described herein, there is provided a tube joint of the type referred to above, characterized in that the tube ends termin-ate in.a plane which passes through a crest of the outer wall to define in each tube ' f ~':' " ' , , ' ' ' end an annular space open at the tube end, between the outer and inner walls, an annular sealing ring disposed between the tube ends being received in said spaces, and further characterized in that the lock ring disposed about the tube ends is arranged to press the ends against the intermediary annular sealing ring from opposite sides thereof when tightened about the tube ends.
~ he accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an em-bodiment of the invention and,! together with the description, .
10 serve to explain the principles of the invention. :
Of the drawings: .
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the tube joint accord- -ing to the teachings of the invention; ~. .
FIG. 2 is a vièw partly in elevational side view and partly in longitudinal sectional view of the tube joint; . :
FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of the tube joint . :
along line III-III in FIG. 2;
FIG.` 4 iS a perspective view of the lock ring forming part of the joint, in opened or disengaged condition; and ; FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the lock ring in closed or engaged condition.
The two pipes ~oined are of a double wall structure ~ ~
well-known per se and comprise each a corrugated outer ;.
.' ~,''".
., ` ' ~
The invention relates to a joint between tubes having a double wall structure comprising a corrugated outer ~ -wall and a smooth or reversedly corrugated inner wall joining ~ .
the roots of the outer wall, and a lock ring applied around :
the tube ends and engaging a crest of the corrugated outer :. .
wall of each tube.
An object of the invention is to provide a simple joint between tubes of the kind referred to wherein the specific ~.
characteristics of such tubes are utilized and which comprises 10 a minimum of elements so that the joint will be of a simple .-structure and thus can be produced at low costs.
The tube joint can easily be mounted and demounted .
and provides a reliable seal and connection between the tubes.
Additional objects and advantages of the invention :
will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned ;
by practice of thc invention. The objects and advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in ~-the appended claims.
To achieve the foregoing objects and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, as embodied and broadly described herein, there is provided a tube joint of the type referred to above, characterized in that the tube ends termin-ate in.a plane which passes through a crest of the outer wall to define in each tube ' f ~':' " ' , , ' ' ' end an annular space open at the tube end, between the outer and inner walls, an annular sealing ring disposed between the tube ends being received in said spaces, and further characterized in that the lock ring disposed about the tube ends is arranged to press the ends against the intermediary annular sealing ring from opposite sides thereof when tightened about the tube ends.
~ he accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an em-bodiment of the invention and,! together with the description, .
10 serve to explain the principles of the invention. :
Of the drawings: .
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the tube joint accord- -ing to the teachings of the invention; ~. .
FIG. 2 is a vièw partly in elevational side view and partly in longitudinal sectional view of the tube joint; . :
FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of the tube joint . :
along line III-III in FIG. 2;
FIG.` 4 iS a perspective view of the lock ring forming part of the joint, in opened or disengaged condition; and ; FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the lock ring in closed or engaged condition.
The two pipes ~oined are of a double wall structure ~ ~
well-known per se and comprise each a corrugated outer ;.
.' ~,''".
., ` ' ~
- 2 --~
''.' '` ' :' ', . . .' " ~' ." ' ' "' .'"" , ' . ' ' ~
' ' " ' ' ; ' , ' ' " ', ~ `
' 1~546gL5 wall lO e.g. of extruded and then in moulds vacuum formed plastic material, and a smooth cylindrical inner wall ll also of extruded plas-tic material, which is connected or fused to the roots of the corrugated outer wall at 12 so that the double wall structure comprises a number of circumferential annular spaces 13 each closed lndividually, and grooves 14 provided -therebetween. In the embodiment illustrated the corrugation of the outer wall is substantially of trapezoid cross sectional form but other forms are conceivable. A smoothly corrugated ;~
outer wall having substantially sinusoidal curvature is not uncommon in connection with tubes of the kind referred to, and it is of course also conceivable to combine a corrugated outer ~ wall with an inner wall also corrugated, which is reversed in i relation to the outer wall such that the crests of the inner wall are connected or fused to the roots of the outer wall. In `1 the latter case the corrugation of the inner wall need not necessarily be exactly "out of phase" to that of the outer wall; however, ~he pitch of the inner wall should be the same as that of the outer wall.
Eaah tube end terminates in a plane which passes through a crest of the outer wall. ~owever, it is not neces-sary that this plane passes through the centre of the crest;
~.
for instance in the case, as shown, when the crest is of trape-zoid cross sectional form, it is not necessary that the~plane pass through the top of the crest. Similarly this is not a requirement in the case wherein the corrugation is sinusoidal or of similar form. Terminating as described, each tube end , . . .
_ 3 _ .. . .
, : , ' ' ' ' ' ' ~L~5~L64'~ ~
forms an annular space 15 open at the end and defining between the outer and inner walls a space for receiving a sealing ring 16, such as a ring of elastic material e.g. rubber or plastic, which is recei~ed partly by the space in one tube end and partly ,, by the space in the other tube end. However, the tube ends are ',, mutually spaced before they are clamped together as will be described below so that they can be pressed against each other -with the sealing ring being squeezed between the tube ends. In the embodiment disclosed sealing ring 16 is of substantially X-formed cross sectional form which is preferred since the arms of the profile are brought to seal effectively against the corners of spaces 15 when the tube ends are pressed together. ~ , The tube ends are pressed together by means of an external lock ring 17 which is disclosed in FIGS. 4 and 5 and comprises a slotted ring 18 e.g. of plastic or metal, which is ~ channelled in cross section, the flanges of which diverge ,~ towards the free ends thereof. At one s,ide of slot 19 the ring ~ ' is formed with a hook 20 or other projection on the outside thereof close to the slot. At the other side of the slot there ;, '- 20 is connected to ring 18, by means of rivets 21, a straplike flap 22 of plastic or metal sheet. This flap is disposed on ,, - ~he outside of the ring and joins the ring substantially , tangentially spaced about 90 from the slot. It projects freely ~ , ,- from the ring towards the slot and beyond the .. , ~.~, ., -~ .
, _ 4 -,. . . .
:: :
~L~59~6~5i adjacent end of the ring. To the major part thereof t~e flap is spaced from the ring but it is fle~ible towards and away from the ring. At the ~ree end thereof whicn has a greater width than the rest of the flap, the flap forms a rectangular opening 23 which extends in the longitudinal direction of the flap and is sufficiently large to receive hook 20.
By further expansion of lock ring 17 from the condition disclosed in FIG. ~ the lock ring can be applied over the two tube ends transversely to receive the two terminating crests thereof la which each form a space 15, between the flanges of ring 18. Then, lock ring 17 is tightened circumferentially about the tube ends by means of pliers, a screwdriver or another suitable tool, and hook 20 is engaged with slot 23 in flap 22 so that the lock ring will be brought to the closed condition shown in FIGS. 1 r 2, 3 and 5.
." ~
Sealing ring 16 should have such a width that the two terminating crests, when the sealing ring is not squeezed, are ,:
spaced a distance determined by the sealing ring, which allows the ~
lock ring to be thread transversely over the terminating crests ~ -at the outer ends of the ring flanges. Then, when the lock ring is being tightened about the tube ends as described the flanges of slotted ring 18, diverging towards the free ends thereof, slide . ~
along the inclined sides of the terminating crests so that---the tube . ends are moved axially towards each other by cam action between the tubes and .. ~
. ~`' .
., _ ~' .
: ~, , ' :
~15~L6~
the lock ring the tubes being pressed against the sealing ring 16 which is squeezed and substantially fills the annular spaces 15, spanning the joint between the tubes to provide a seal there- -between.
By using a sealing ring and a lock ring there is thus provided a joint between the tubes by utili~ing the specific wall structure without the necessity to form the tubes in any specific way in the area of the joint. The tubes can be cut at any place of the length thereof through a crest and can be joined according to the principles of the invention by using particularly simple means for obtaining the necessary seal between the tube ends.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other modifications and variations in addition to those mentioned above could be made in the tube joint of the invention without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.
~ "
!
~,~ ' ''; ' ' - 6 - -~
.~ ' '. ~'.
' ` ~
:, ~, . ., ,., ~ -" . . j : . . . - .. , .~ . -; . ~ :,. :: .. , :
:. ' :: : ' . , . . , : ::: : . ' : :
.,.
.
: , - . . , , :
.
''.' '` ' :' ', . . .' " ~' ." ' ' "' .'"" , ' . ' ' ~
' ' " ' ' ; ' , ' ' " ', ~ `
' 1~546gL5 wall lO e.g. of extruded and then in moulds vacuum formed plastic material, and a smooth cylindrical inner wall ll also of extruded plas-tic material, which is connected or fused to the roots of the corrugated outer wall at 12 so that the double wall structure comprises a number of circumferential annular spaces 13 each closed lndividually, and grooves 14 provided -therebetween. In the embodiment illustrated the corrugation of the outer wall is substantially of trapezoid cross sectional form but other forms are conceivable. A smoothly corrugated ;~
outer wall having substantially sinusoidal curvature is not uncommon in connection with tubes of the kind referred to, and it is of course also conceivable to combine a corrugated outer ~ wall with an inner wall also corrugated, which is reversed in i relation to the outer wall such that the crests of the inner wall are connected or fused to the roots of the outer wall. In `1 the latter case the corrugation of the inner wall need not necessarily be exactly "out of phase" to that of the outer wall; however, ~he pitch of the inner wall should be the same as that of the outer wall.
Eaah tube end terminates in a plane which passes through a crest of the outer wall. ~owever, it is not neces-sary that this plane passes through the centre of the crest;
~.
for instance in the case, as shown, when the crest is of trape-zoid cross sectional form, it is not necessary that the~plane pass through the top of the crest. Similarly this is not a requirement in the case wherein the corrugation is sinusoidal or of similar form. Terminating as described, each tube end , . . .
_ 3 _ .. . .
, : , ' ' ' ' ' ' ~L~5~L64'~ ~
forms an annular space 15 open at the end and defining between the outer and inner walls a space for receiving a sealing ring 16, such as a ring of elastic material e.g. rubber or plastic, which is recei~ed partly by the space in one tube end and partly ,, by the space in the other tube end. However, the tube ends are ',, mutually spaced before they are clamped together as will be described below so that they can be pressed against each other -with the sealing ring being squeezed between the tube ends. In the embodiment disclosed sealing ring 16 is of substantially X-formed cross sectional form which is preferred since the arms of the profile are brought to seal effectively against the corners of spaces 15 when the tube ends are pressed together. ~ , The tube ends are pressed together by means of an external lock ring 17 which is disclosed in FIGS. 4 and 5 and comprises a slotted ring 18 e.g. of plastic or metal, which is ~ channelled in cross section, the flanges of which diverge ,~ towards the free ends thereof. At one s,ide of slot 19 the ring ~ ' is formed with a hook 20 or other projection on the outside thereof close to the slot. At the other side of the slot there ;, '- 20 is connected to ring 18, by means of rivets 21, a straplike flap 22 of plastic or metal sheet. This flap is disposed on ,, - ~he outside of the ring and joins the ring substantially , tangentially spaced about 90 from the slot. It projects freely ~ , ,- from the ring towards the slot and beyond the .. , ~.~, ., -~ .
, _ 4 -,. . . .
:: :
~L~59~6~5i adjacent end of the ring. To the major part thereof t~e flap is spaced from the ring but it is fle~ible towards and away from the ring. At the ~ree end thereof whicn has a greater width than the rest of the flap, the flap forms a rectangular opening 23 which extends in the longitudinal direction of the flap and is sufficiently large to receive hook 20.
By further expansion of lock ring 17 from the condition disclosed in FIG. ~ the lock ring can be applied over the two tube ends transversely to receive the two terminating crests thereof la which each form a space 15, between the flanges of ring 18. Then, lock ring 17 is tightened circumferentially about the tube ends by means of pliers, a screwdriver or another suitable tool, and hook 20 is engaged with slot 23 in flap 22 so that the lock ring will be brought to the closed condition shown in FIGS. 1 r 2, 3 and 5.
." ~
Sealing ring 16 should have such a width that the two terminating crests, when the sealing ring is not squeezed, are ,:
spaced a distance determined by the sealing ring, which allows the ~
lock ring to be thread transversely over the terminating crests ~ -at the outer ends of the ring flanges. Then, when the lock ring is being tightened about the tube ends as described the flanges of slotted ring 18, diverging towards the free ends thereof, slide . ~
along the inclined sides of the terminating crests so that---the tube . ends are moved axially towards each other by cam action between the tubes and .. ~
. ~`' .
., _ ~' .
: ~, , ' :
~15~L6~
the lock ring the tubes being pressed against the sealing ring 16 which is squeezed and substantially fills the annular spaces 15, spanning the joint between the tubes to provide a seal there- -between.
By using a sealing ring and a lock ring there is thus provided a joint between the tubes by utili~ing the specific wall structure without the necessity to form the tubes in any specific way in the area of the joint. The tubes can be cut at any place of the length thereof through a crest and can be joined according to the principles of the invention by using particularly simple means for obtaining the necessary seal between the tube ends.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other modifications and variations in addition to those mentioned above could be made in the tube joint of the invention without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.
~ "
!
~,~ ' ''; ' ' - 6 - -~
.~ ' '. ~'.
' ` ~
:, ~, . ., ,., ~ -" . . j : . . . - .. , .~ . -; . ~ :,. :: .. , :
:. ' :: : ' . , . . , : ::: : . ' : :
.,.
.
: , - . . , , :
.
Claims (12)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A combination tube joint consisting essentially of a joint including two aligned adjacent tubes each having a corrugated outer wall and a corrugated inner wall, the roots of the corrugations of the outer wall being individually joined to adjacent crests of the corrugations of the inner wall, an annular space formed by the inner and outer walls of each tube at the end of said tube and opening in a plane passing trans-versely through a crest of the outer wall, an annular inter-mediary sealing ring disposed within said space in each tube and extending between the aligned adjacent ends of the tubes, and a lock ring applied around the tube ends and engaging the crest of the outer wall of each tube to press by cam action the tube ends against the intermediary sealing ring from opposite sides of said sealing ring when tightened about the tube ends.
2. A tube joint as claimed in claim 1 wherein the lock ring has channelled cross sectional form, the flanges of which are arranged to engage the inclined sides of the crest of outer wall in order to press the tube ends towards each other, by cam action, when the lock ring is tightened about the tubes.
3. A tube joint as claimed in claim 2 wherein the lock ring comprises a slotted flexible ring having a hook on one side of the slot and an external straplike flap on the other side of the slot, connected to the ring and projecting freely from a position spaced from the end of the ring, and beyond said end, said flap being flexible towards and away from the ring to be engaged with and disengaged from the hook at an opening arranged at the free end of the flap.
4. A tube joint as claimed in claim 3 wherein the straplike flap joins the ring substantially tangentially.
5. A tube joint as claimed in claim 3 or 4 wherein the straplike flap joins the ring at a position spaced substan-tially 90° from the slot.
6. A tube joint as claimed in claim 1, wherein said tubes are made of plastic.
7. A combination tube joint consisting essentially of a joint including two aligned adjacent tubes each having a corrugated outer wall and a smooth inner wall joining the roots of the corrugations of the outer wall, an annular space formed by the inner and outer walls of each tube at the end of said tube and opening in a plane passing transversely through a crest of the outer wall, an annular intermediary sealing ring disposed within said space in each tube and extending between the aligned adjacent ends of the tubes, and a lock ring applied around the tube ends and engaging the crest of the outer wall of each tube to press by cam action the tube ends against the intermediary sealing ring from opposite sides of said sealing ring when tightened about the tube ends.
8. A tube joint as claimed in claim 7, wherein the lock ring has channelled cross sectional form, the flanges of which are arranged to engage the inclined sides of the crest of the outer wall in order to press the tube ends towards each other, by cam action, when the lock ring is tightened about the tubes.
9. A tube joint as claimed in claim 8 wherein the lock ring comprises a slotted flexible ring having a hook on one side of the slot and an external straplike flap on the other side of the slot, connected to the ring and projecting freely from a position spaced from the end of the ring, and beyond said end, said flap being flexible towards and away from the ring to be engaged with and disengaged from the hook at an open-ing arranged at the free end of the flap.
10. A tube joint as claimed in claim 9, wherein the straplike flap joins the ring substantially tangentially.
11. A tube joint as claimed in claim 9, wherein the straplike flap joins the ring at a position spaced substantially 90° from the slot.
12. A tube joint as claimed in claim 7, wherein said tubes are made of plastic.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE7510733A SE389382B (en) | 1975-09-25 | 1975-09-25 | RORSKARV. |
SE7601178A SE397128B (en) | 1976-02-04 | 1976-02-04 | LASRING FOR RUBBER JOINT |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA1054645A true CA1054645A (en) | 1979-05-15 |
Family
ID=26656655
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA262012A Expired CA1054645A (en) | 1975-09-25 | 1976-09-24 | Tube joint |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6015834B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU509064B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1054645A (en) |
CH (1) | CH610081A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2642283A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK432176A (en) |
FI (1) | FI762714A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2325875A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1561770A (en) |
IL (1) | IL50538A0 (en) |
IN (1) | IN146136B (en) |
NL (1) | NL7610710A (en) |
NO (1) | NO763283L (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3347454A1 (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1985-07-11 | Artur 8038 Gröbenzell Kunder | System for the connection of pipes |
DE9205172U1 (en) * | 1992-04-14 | 1992-07-02 | Weber, Helmut, 65527 Niedernhausen | Quick coupling for connecting pipes or hoses |
DE29519221U1 (en) * | 1995-12-05 | 1996-01-25 | Rehau Ag + Co, 95111 Rehau | Longitudinal connection |
DE19749252C1 (en) * | 1997-11-07 | 1999-01-21 | Witzenmann Metallschlauchfab | Flexible laminar pipe, especially for a medium for district heating |
US20010054820A1 (en) * | 2000-06-19 | 2001-12-27 | Starita Joseph M. | Corrugated plastic pipe sections having flanged ends and structurally tight joints thereof |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US411130A (en) * | 1889-09-17 | Territory | ||
US3259262A (en) * | 1965-07-02 | 1966-07-05 | Mcgaw Lab Inc | Bail band for parenteral solution bottles |
US3498649A (en) * | 1967-08-16 | 1970-03-03 | Anton Pfeuffer | Pipe clamping and centering device |
-
1976
- 1976-09-20 GB GB38959/76A patent/GB1561770A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-09-21 DE DE19762642283 patent/DE2642283A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1976-09-22 CH CH1201976A patent/CH610081A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-09-23 FI FI762714A patent/FI762714A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-09-23 IL IL50538A patent/IL50538A0/en unknown
- 1976-09-23 FR FR7628660A patent/FR2325875A1/en active Granted
- 1976-09-23 AU AU18059/76A patent/AU509064B2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-09-24 NO NO763283A patent/NO763283L/en unknown
- 1976-09-24 DK DK432176A patent/DK432176A/en unknown
- 1976-09-24 JP JP51113775A patent/JPS6015834B2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-09-24 CA CA262012A patent/CA1054645A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-09-27 NL NL7610710A patent/NL7610710A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1977
- 1977-02-03 IN IN159/CAL/77A patent/IN146136B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2325875B1 (en) | 1983-01-28 |
FR2325875A1 (en) | 1977-04-22 |
JPS6015834B2 (en) | 1985-04-22 |
AU1805976A (en) | 1978-04-06 |
IN146136B (en) | 1979-03-03 |
GB1561770A (en) | 1980-03-05 |
FI762714A (en) | 1977-03-26 |
AU509064B2 (en) | 1980-04-17 |
IL50538A0 (en) | 1976-11-30 |
DK432176A (en) | 1977-03-26 |
NL7610710A (en) | 1977-03-29 |
JPS5260429A (en) | 1977-05-18 |
DE2642283A1 (en) | 1977-03-31 |
NO763283L (en) | 1977-03-28 |
CH610081A5 (en) | 1979-03-30 |
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