CA1051195A - Machine for cleaning up the walls of underground galleries - Google Patents
Machine for cleaning up the walls of underground galleriesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1051195A CA1051195A CA272,018A CA272018A CA1051195A CA 1051195 A CA1051195 A CA 1051195A CA 272018 A CA272018 A CA 272018A CA 1051195 A CA1051195 A CA 1051195A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- lever
- machine
- chassis
- clean
- tool
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Cleaning In General (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A machine is disclosed for cleaning up the roofs and working faces of underground galleries tunnelled by blasting. The machine comprises a self-propelled chassis, preferably equipped with pneumatic-tyred wheels connected to the chassis by pivotable arms, a platform arranged below the chassis being designed to rest upon the ground and thus to support the machine when it is in operation. A first lever, constituting a boom and adapted to pivot verti-cally in order to adjust the operable height, is hinged to the chassis. A
second lever, the arm, adapted to pivot horizontally, is hinged to the free end of the first lever. A third lever, the tool proper, is hinged to the end of the arm. The movements of the levers are controlled by jacks for the pur-pose of moving the tool along the walls.
A machine is disclosed for cleaning up the roofs and working faces of underground galleries tunnelled by blasting. The machine comprises a self-propelled chassis, preferably equipped with pneumatic-tyred wheels connected to the chassis by pivotable arms, a platform arranged below the chassis being designed to rest upon the ground and thus to support the machine when it is in operation. A first lever, constituting a boom and adapted to pivot verti-cally in order to adjust the operable height, is hinged to the chassis. A
second lever, the arm, adapted to pivot horizontally, is hinged to the free end of the first lever. A third lever, the tool proper, is hinged to the end of the arm. The movements of the levers are controlled by jacks for the pur-pose of moving the tool along the walls.
Description
11)51~L95 The present invention is concerned generally with the technique of drilling underground galleries, either for mines or for other purposes.
When underground galleries are tunnelled by blasting, it is usual to clean up the roof and facings of the gallery thus tunnelled, in order to get rid of any loose rocks which could be dangerous to persons working or moving in the gallery during subsequent operations.
This work was initially done manually by specialists equipped with long levers which could be manipulated to release loosened rocks.
For some time now, however, efforts have been made to mechanize this clean-up operation. The trend has generally been towards tools imitating, to a greater or lesser degree, the original manual movements, and usually mounted upon self-propelled equipment running on endless tracks or pneumatic tyres.
Existing units frequently make use of a horizontal sliding movement, but a system of this kind is difficult to accomplish, especially in the highly dusty and ~ggressive atmospheres obtaining in undergound galleries when tunnel-ling or working operations are in progress, and the systems proposed are either extremely expensive, due to the necessity of protecting the sliding parts, or they are subject to frequent breakdown due to seizure and wear of the sliding parts, brought about by the said aggressive atmosphere Furthermore, systems of this kind become cumbersome and heavy if they are intended to cover long distances.
It is the purpose of the present invention to provicle a machine for cleaning up the walls of underground galleries tulmelled by blasting, which will overcome the disadvantages of existing techniques.
This purpose i5 achieved, according to the invention, by a machine for cleaning up the roofs and working faces of underground galleries, especial-ly those tunnelled by blasting, the said machine comprising a chassis and a system of three levers hinged to each other in series, the pivoting movements of the said levers being controlled by jacks, the first lever, constituting the boom, being mounted upon the chassis so that it can pivot vertically, the -~
~L~511~5 second lever, or arm, being hinged to the free end of the ~irst lever in such a manner that it may be caused to move through a substantially vertical position, and the third lever, constituting the actual clean-up tool, or carrying the clean-up tool, being hinged to the second lever or arm close to the end thereo~.
Thus the control jack associated with the first lever makes it possible to adjust the machine in accordance with the operating height in the underground gallery.
The control jacks associated with the other two levers in the series allow the actual work to be carried out by the horizontal component of move `~
ment of the free end of the second lever, and the simultaneous rocking of the tool constituting the third lever, which keeps it in contact with the wall to be cleaned up. However, an increase in operative travel may be ob~ained by simultaneous control of the first lever and bringing the lever system, at the end o~ its travel, into a position of maximal extension.
The supporting chassis may be in the ~orm of a device known per se and comprising an element to which are hinged pivotable arms carrying wheels fitted with pneumatic tyres, the said element being adapted to rest upon the g~ound, when the said arms are raised, upon a supporting platform which makes the machine particularly stable when in operation.
Adjusting the position of ~he pivoting arms which carry the wheels, by means of jacks provided for the purpose, also makes it possible to vary the ground clearance of the machine as it moves. This makes it possible to use the said machine in relatively low mine galleries, or for cleaning up the roofs of quite high galleries. A device of this kind can also turn in its own length, which makes it easy to manoeuvre.
The following description, in conjunction with the drawing attached hereto, which is in no way restrictive, will provide a better understanding of the invention.
In this drawing, the single figure is a diagrammatic representation -.
1~5~
of a machine, according to the invention, for cleaning up the roofs and walls o underground galleries.
The embodiment of the invention illustrated in the said drawing com-prises a self-propelled chassis of a type known per se and consisting of an element 1 to which are hinged four arms, not shownJ carrying at their ends wheels 2 fitted with pneumatic tyres. A platform 3, which in plan view may be ~-shaped, is arranged under element 1 of the chassis. Pivoting the arms carrying wheels 2~ which is carried ou~ in a manner known per se by means of hydraulic jacks ~not shown), makes it possible to lower the said wheels for the purpose of moving the machine, or to allow the machine to rest upon the ground on platform 3, which makes the machine particularly stable for the work it is designed to accomplish. Maximal ground clearance is obtained with the whee~s in position 2A shown in the drawing. If required, this position may also be used when the machine ls operating in an underground gallery of great height.
The system with which the invention is particularly concerned con-sists of a series of three levers 4, 5 and 6.
Lever 4, the first in the series, constitutes the boom of the machine.
It is mounted upon element 1 to pivot about a horizontal axis 7, so that the free end of the said boom can move vertically under the action of a hydraulic jack 8 mounted between the said lever and the said element 1. This movement of lever 4, constituting the boom, is used to adjust the operating height of the machine during the clean-up work. It may be seen that, in its lowermost position, the free end of lever 4 is in the immediate vicinity of the floor or wall of the mine gallery, marked S in the drawing.
Lever 5, the second in the seriesl is the arm of the machine, and is arranged to pivot, at 9, about a horizontal axis at the free end of boom 4.
The movement of lever 5 is controlled by a hydraulic jack 10 mounted between arm 5 and boom 4 of the machine. It may be seen from the drawing tha~ when jack 10 is in the retracted position, arm 5 is substantially vertical. The extension of jack 10 causes the free end of arm 5 to move and ,, "
~Sl~LgS '' carry out a work operation, as indicated hereinafter. It will also be obser-ved that the free end of arm 5 is located, when boom 4 is in its lowermost position, within the gauge height of element 1, which makes it possible to clean up undergTound galleries of the same height as the machine.
Lever 6, the third in the series is the actual tool of the clean-u~
machine. It pivo~s about a horizontal axis 11 at the free end of arm 5 and is controlled by a hydraulic jack 12 arranged between tool 6 and arm 5. It will be seen that the free end of the tool is equipped with a t p in the form of an edge designed to be used, for example, in removing loosened blocks from 10 roof T of the underground gallery. -For the purpose of explaining the operation of the machine according to the invention, it will be assumed that it is desired to clean up the roof -~;
of an underground gallery of small height tunnelled by blasting. To this end, the machine is placed at a suitable location along the gallery, and the arms carrying wheels 2 are adjusted to reduce the ground clearance and therefore the overall height of the machine, in case it should be necessary to move it.
At the work-site, the arms carrying the wheels are raised, thus allowing the chassis of the machine to rest upon the ground or wall of the gallery, on platform 3. The boom is preferably in its lowermost position, and arm 5 is brought back, by retracting jac~ lO, so that it assumes a substantially ver-tical attitude. Jack 12 is then actuated to apply the working edge of tool 6 to roof T. Jack 10 then rocks arm 5 in order to move tool 6 forwards so that the edge thereof may clean up the roof, jack 12 being used to keep the edge thereof in contac~ with the said roof. The power required to allow the tip of the tool to perform its function is provided by jack 10 actuating arm 5.
The distance travelled by the tool may be increased by simultaneous actuation of jack ~ and boom 4, the positions of maximal extension of the boom9 the arm, and the tool being indicated in the drawing at 4A, 5A and 6A. It may also be gathered from the drawing that operating the said jacks in this manner makes it possible to ensure a constant angle of attack between the tool and .
- . - , . . ... .
105:1~95 the roof throughout the angular displacement of the said arm.
The location of the roof of a high underground gallery is indicated in the drawing at TA, and the drawing shows that a gallery of this type may also be cleaned up by the machine according to the invention. In this case, boom 4 is set to its uppermost position, whereas arm 5 remains in its rea~Yard position, and tool 6B again occupies the desired angle of attack in relation to roof TA. Suitable actuation of the jac~s again allows the tool to advance against the roof to the position shown diagrammatically at 6C which constitutes the position of maximal extension, as before, of the three levers, namely the boom, the arm, a~d the tool. I~ may be gathered, again from the drawing, that the travel of the tool in this case is only slightly less than that indicated by 6A.
It is possible, in practice, with a machine of this kind capable of travelling in galleries 2.20 m in height, to move the tip of the tool more than
When underground galleries are tunnelled by blasting, it is usual to clean up the roof and facings of the gallery thus tunnelled, in order to get rid of any loose rocks which could be dangerous to persons working or moving in the gallery during subsequent operations.
This work was initially done manually by specialists equipped with long levers which could be manipulated to release loosened rocks.
For some time now, however, efforts have been made to mechanize this clean-up operation. The trend has generally been towards tools imitating, to a greater or lesser degree, the original manual movements, and usually mounted upon self-propelled equipment running on endless tracks or pneumatic tyres.
Existing units frequently make use of a horizontal sliding movement, but a system of this kind is difficult to accomplish, especially in the highly dusty and ~ggressive atmospheres obtaining in undergound galleries when tunnel-ling or working operations are in progress, and the systems proposed are either extremely expensive, due to the necessity of protecting the sliding parts, or they are subject to frequent breakdown due to seizure and wear of the sliding parts, brought about by the said aggressive atmosphere Furthermore, systems of this kind become cumbersome and heavy if they are intended to cover long distances.
It is the purpose of the present invention to provicle a machine for cleaning up the walls of underground galleries tulmelled by blasting, which will overcome the disadvantages of existing techniques.
This purpose i5 achieved, according to the invention, by a machine for cleaning up the roofs and working faces of underground galleries, especial-ly those tunnelled by blasting, the said machine comprising a chassis and a system of three levers hinged to each other in series, the pivoting movements of the said levers being controlled by jacks, the first lever, constituting the boom, being mounted upon the chassis so that it can pivot vertically, the -~
~L~511~5 second lever, or arm, being hinged to the free end of the ~irst lever in such a manner that it may be caused to move through a substantially vertical position, and the third lever, constituting the actual clean-up tool, or carrying the clean-up tool, being hinged to the second lever or arm close to the end thereo~.
Thus the control jack associated with the first lever makes it possible to adjust the machine in accordance with the operating height in the underground gallery.
The control jacks associated with the other two levers in the series allow the actual work to be carried out by the horizontal component of move `~
ment of the free end of the second lever, and the simultaneous rocking of the tool constituting the third lever, which keeps it in contact with the wall to be cleaned up. However, an increase in operative travel may be ob~ained by simultaneous control of the first lever and bringing the lever system, at the end o~ its travel, into a position of maximal extension.
The supporting chassis may be in the ~orm of a device known per se and comprising an element to which are hinged pivotable arms carrying wheels fitted with pneumatic tyres, the said element being adapted to rest upon the g~ound, when the said arms are raised, upon a supporting platform which makes the machine particularly stable when in operation.
Adjusting the position of ~he pivoting arms which carry the wheels, by means of jacks provided for the purpose, also makes it possible to vary the ground clearance of the machine as it moves. This makes it possible to use the said machine in relatively low mine galleries, or for cleaning up the roofs of quite high galleries. A device of this kind can also turn in its own length, which makes it easy to manoeuvre.
The following description, in conjunction with the drawing attached hereto, which is in no way restrictive, will provide a better understanding of the invention.
In this drawing, the single figure is a diagrammatic representation -.
1~5~
of a machine, according to the invention, for cleaning up the roofs and walls o underground galleries.
The embodiment of the invention illustrated in the said drawing com-prises a self-propelled chassis of a type known per se and consisting of an element 1 to which are hinged four arms, not shownJ carrying at their ends wheels 2 fitted with pneumatic tyres. A platform 3, which in plan view may be ~-shaped, is arranged under element 1 of the chassis. Pivoting the arms carrying wheels 2~ which is carried ou~ in a manner known per se by means of hydraulic jacks ~not shown), makes it possible to lower the said wheels for the purpose of moving the machine, or to allow the machine to rest upon the ground on platform 3, which makes the machine particularly stable for the work it is designed to accomplish. Maximal ground clearance is obtained with the whee~s in position 2A shown in the drawing. If required, this position may also be used when the machine ls operating in an underground gallery of great height.
The system with which the invention is particularly concerned con-sists of a series of three levers 4, 5 and 6.
Lever 4, the first in the series, constitutes the boom of the machine.
It is mounted upon element 1 to pivot about a horizontal axis 7, so that the free end of the said boom can move vertically under the action of a hydraulic jack 8 mounted between the said lever and the said element 1. This movement of lever 4, constituting the boom, is used to adjust the operating height of the machine during the clean-up work. It may be seen that, in its lowermost position, the free end of lever 4 is in the immediate vicinity of the floor or wall of the mine gallery, marked S in the drawing.
Lever 5, the second in the seriesl is the arm of the machine, and is arranged to pivot, at 9, about a horizontal axis at the free end of boom 4.
The movement of lever 5 is controlled by a hydraulic jack 10 mounted between arm 5 and boom 4 of the machine. It may be seen from the drawing tha~ when jack 10 is in the retracted position, arm 5 is substantially vertical. The extension of jack 10 causes the free end of arm 5 to move and ,, "
~Sl~LgS '' carry out a work operation, as indicated hereinafter. It will also be obser-ved that the free end of arm 5 is located, when boom 4 is in its lowermost position, within the gauge height of element 1, which makes it possible to clean up undergTound galleries of the same height as the machine.
Lever 6, the third in the series is the actual tool of the clean-u~
machine. It pivo~s about a horizontal axis 11 at the free end of arm 5 and is controlled by a hydraulic jack 12 arranged between tool 6 and arm 5. It will be seen that the free end of the tool is equipped with a t p in the form of an edge designed to be used, for example, in removing loosened blocks from 10 roof T of the underground gallery. -For the purpose of explaining the operation of the machine according to the invention, it will be assumed that it is desired to clean up the roof -~;
of an underground gallery of small height tunnelled by blasting. To this end, the machine is placed at a suitable location along the gallery, and the arms carrying wheels 2 are adjusted to reduce the ground clearance and therefore the overall height of the machine, in case it should be necessary to move it.
At the work-site, the arms carrying the wheels are raised, thus allowing the chassis of the machine to rest upon the ground or wall of the gallery, on platform 3. The boom is preferably in its lowermost position, and arm 5 is brought back, by retracting jac~ lO, so that it assumes a substantially ver-tical attitude. Jack 12 is then actuated to apply the working edge of tool 6 to roof T. Jack 10 then rocks arm 5 in order to move tool 6 forwards so that the edge thereof may clean up the roof, jack 12 being used to keep the edge thereof in contac~ with the said roof. The power required to allow the tip of the tool to perform its function is provided by jack 10 actuating arm 5.
The distance travelled by the tool may be increased by simultaneous actuation of jack ~ and boom 4, the positions of maximal extension of the boom9 the arm, and the tool being indicated in the drawing at 4A, 5A and 6A. It may also be gathered from the drawing that operating the said jacks in this manner makes it possible to ensure a constant angle of attack between the tool and .
- . - , . . ... .
105:1~95 the roof throughout the angular displacement of the said arm.
The location of the roof of a high underground gallery is indicated in the drawing at TA, and the drawing shows that a gallery of this type may also be cleaned up by the machine according to the invention. In this case, boom 4 is set to its uppermost position, whereas arm 5 remains in its rea~Yard position, and tool 6B again occupies the desired angle of attack in relation to roof TA. Suitable actuation of the jac~s again allows the tool to advance against the roof to the position shown diagrammatically at 6C which constitutes the position of maximal extension, as before, of the three levers, namely the boom, the arm, a~d the tool. I~ may be gathered, again from the drawing, that the travel of the tool in this case is only slightly less than that indicated by 6A.
It is possible, in practice, with a machine of this kind capable of travelling in galleries 2.20 m in height, to move the tip of the tool more than
2 m for clean-up purposes, and the same unit can operate just as efficiently in gallerires of up to 5.5 m in height.
It is obvious that modifications may be made to the embodiment des-cribed above, without departing from the scope of the invention. For instance, the chassis may differ from the one described and, although the system illus-trated, consisting of simple but rugged levers, would appear to be the optimalpraGtical solution, it is obvious that each of the said levers could be re-placed by a rocking system consisting of two or more elements, for example, in the form of an articulated parallelogram.
It is obvious that modifications may be made to the embodiment des-cribed above, without departing from the scope of the invention. For instance, the chassis may differ from the one described and, although the system illus-trated, consisting of simple but rugged levers, would appear to be the optimalpraGtical solution, it is obvious that each of the said levers could be re-placed by a rocking system consisting of two or more elements, for example, in the form of an articulated parallelogram.
Claims (6)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A machine for cleaning up the roofs and working faces of underground galleries, especially those tunnelled by blasting, the said machine compris-ing a chassis and a system of three levers hinged to each other in series, the pivoting movements of the said levers being controlled by jacks, the first lever, constituting the boom, being mounted upon the chassis so that it can pivot vertically, the second lever, or arm, being hinged to the free end of the first lever in such a manner that it may be caused to move through a substantially vertical position, and the third lever, constituting the actual clean-up tool, or carrying the clean-up tool, being hinged to the second lever or arm close to the end thereof.
2. A machine according to claim 1, characterized in that when the first lever or boom is in its lowermost position, the second lever or arm, which is folded back in relation to the said boom, assumes a substantially vertical, upwardly-directed position.
3. A machine according to claim 2, characterized in that when the second lever or arm is in this substantially vertical position, the free end thereof, carrying the third lever lies within the height of the body of the machine.
4. A machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the second-lever control jack, mounted between the first lever and the said second lever, is in its retracted position when the said second lever is in its subs-tantially vertical position, extension of the said jack making it possible to move the tool for the clean-up operation.
5. A machine according to claim-l, 2 or 3 characterized in that the third lever, constituting the clean-up tool or carrying the said tool, is mounted pivotably near the free end of the second lever and is controlled by a jack located between the said second and third levers, the said jack making it possible to keep the said clean-up tool in contact with the roof of the gallery while the free end of the said second lever is moving for the clean-up operation.
6. A machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that it comprises, in combination with the system of levers, a self-propelled chassis consisting of an element to which are hinged arms carrying pneumatic-tyred wheels, a supporting platform being arranged under the said element in such a manner that when the said arms are pivoted, the chassis may rest upon the wheels, to allow the said machine to travel in the underground galleries, or to clean up very high galleries, or else the said chassis may rest upon the ground, on the said platform, when clean-up operations are being carried out, the said chassis thus acquiring considerable stability.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA272,018A CA1051195A (en) | 1977-02-17 | 1977-02-17 | Machine for cleaning up the walls of underground galleries |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA272,018A CA1051195A (en) | 1977-02-17 | 1977-02-17 | Machine for cleaning up the walls of underground galleries |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1051195A true CA1051195A (en) | 1979-03-27 |
Family
ID=4107956
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA272,018A Expired CA1051195A (en) | 1977-02-17 | 1977-02-17 | Machine for cleaning up the walls of underground galleries |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1051195A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5407252A (en) * | 1994-09-01 | 1995-04-18 | Carey Salt Company, Inc. | Method and apparatus for scaling mine roofs and ribs |
| US8353502B2 (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2013-01-15 | International Business Machines Corporation | Hinged base for positioning heavy components |
-
1977
- 1977-02-17 CA CA272,018A patent/CA1051195A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5407252A (en) * | 1994-09-01 | 1995-04-18 | Carey Salt Company, Inc. | Method and apparatus for scaling mine roofs and ribs |
| US8353502B2 (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2013-01-15 | International Business Machines Corporation | Hinged base for positioning heavy components |
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