CA1049284A - Gypsum dust dilluents for use in pesticides and fertilising products - Google Patents
Gypsum dust dilluents for use in pesticides and fertilising productsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1049284A CA1049284A CA207,452A CA207452A CA1049284A CA 1049284 A CA1049284 A CA 1049284A CA 207452 A CA207452 A CA 207452A CA 1049284 A CA1049284 A CA 1049284A
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- gypsum
- alkaline
- products
- granular
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Dust diluents and carriers of the gypsum series are prepared in granular or powder form, with absorbing properties, for use in pesticides and leaf and soil fertilizing products, from minerals of the gypsum series, particularly hydrated sulphates of selenite, sericulite, alabaster or anhydrous sulphate form, or the anhydrite form. The calcium sulfate is backed in order to produce baked, Alpha, Beta, or hydraulic gypsum according to the baking temperature; it is deactivated and water is added to form a dispersion which is allowed to settle. A substance is added which may be a salt of an alkaline or alkaline-earth metal, or double aluminum and potassium sul-phate, a source of electrons, an oxygen or nitrogen donor, a non-ionic, anionic, cationic surface active agent or mixtures thereof, a vegetable polymer, a polymerized vegetable gum, a polymerized vegetable oil, polyvinyl chloride or acetate in natural condition or emulsified, a specific setting retarder, a tannic derivative, a ligninsulphite or a ligninsulphonate of alkaline or earth-alkaline metal or of an amphoteric metal, or a specific synthetic plasticizing product for plastic or polymer-izable materials or for rubber mixtures. The products have little or no acidic centres, no surface catalytic activity nor cationic exchange capacity.
Dust diluents and carriers of the gypsum series are prepared in granular or powder form, with absorbing properties, for use in pesticides and leaf and soil fertilizing products, from minerals of the gypsum series, particularly hydrated sulphates of selenite, sericulite, alabaster or anhydrous sulphate form, or the anhydrite form. The calcium sulfate is backed in order to produce baked, Alpha, Beta, or hydraulic gypsum according to the baking temperature; it is deactivated and water is added to form a dispersion which is allowed to settle. A substance is added which may be a salt of an alkaline or alkaline-earth metal, or double aluminum and potassium sul-phate, a source of electrons, an oxygen or nitrogen donor, a non-ionic, anionic, cationic surface active agent or mixtures thereof, a vegetable polymer, a polymerized vegetable gum, a polymerized vegetable oil, polyvinyl chloride or acetate in natural condition or emulsified, a specific setting retarder, a tannic derivative, a ligninsulphite or a ligninsulphonate of alkaline or earth-alkaline metal or of an amphoteric metal, or a specific synthetic plasticizing product for plastic or polymer-izable materials or for rubber mixtures. The products have little or no acidic centres, no surface catalytic activity nor cationic exchange capacity.
Description
The present lnvention r~lates to novel compo~itlon~ to be ~sQd p~rticul~rly ~ pesticides ~nd a3 ~eents rOr the protection Or agricultural products. Th~ invcntion ~130 r~late~ to the method o~ preparation of the novel compositi~ns of the invention.
- n order to distribute an agent to protect crops and/or assist in their growth, the agent must be in such a form and Or such concentration that it can promote biological efficiency and mu~t be capable o~ being appli~d to the soil.
Up to the present time, the most rrequently used forms have been wettable powders, dusts; emulsi~iable concentrates;
emNlsions which can be diluted in water; solutions which can be m~xed with water; granular formulations; and pellets.
These forms comprise the following A toxicant or active ingrediènt which may be a nat~ral or synthetic product in a medium o~ high degree o~ purity; sur~ace active agents, adhesives, colouring, sinergysing, stabilizing elements, 2S well ~8 reg~latlng elements for evaporation and emission; and inert ingredients (arom~tic, aliphatic, polar and water sol~ents, ~olld mineral, or synthetic or vegetable materials). Here the word ~inert~ i8 not used in the absolute sense but to indicate passivity with respect to the compositions and to the action of the other ingredients of the agent. These lnert ingredients are used to bring the conce~tr~tion Or actiY~ 1nere~lent~ to wlthin th~
deæired or authorized limits. The follo~ing are ~ridely used As wettablé or dust pesticide powders, there are used talc, kaolonites, dlatomites, silicon dloxides or ~ilica, carbonates o~ alkallne-earth metal~, alkallne earth met&l hydroxide~, montmorillonites , attapulgltes, vegetal prod~cts, tripolites, dolomites, clay products, phosphates, pyrophyllites, ~ynthetic and other products. As granular or granulated products, there are used vegetable products, calcltes, diatomlte~, dolo-mites, vermiculites, sulphates, mica, pyroph~lites, montmcrillOnites k~olinites, attapulgites, clays, phosphates, nitrates, sulphates, ~ilicates, pumices, synthetlc and other products.
.~,'"
~0 4~ 2 84 Obviously~ a~ ~d~itlves and carrlc~ thc product~
Sh~uld ~ot lntcract ~t all w~th the active lngredient~ nor with ~he addltives o~ each composition. Therefore, for every form~' ~ati~n it is necessary to determine the mineralogic, structural, . chemical and physical characteristics of the inert ingredients.
Some of these characteristics may have the undesirable e~ect of inducing and catalyzing the decomposition of the active componen~ for instance they may ef~ect a) The water conten~ (constltutional~ comb~natlon or elaboration residual water);
b) Surface ac~dic centres or surface catalytic . activity;
c) Cation~c exchange capacity, depending upon its mineralogical group, the crystallogra~hic structure, and the working process.
In spite o~ long studies, the disadvantages ~pecifled herein,.partlcularly under b) and c), ha~e not yet been totally ellminated, but it has been pos.sible to reduce the dlsadvantages by means o~ ~uch substances as, ~or lnstance: a) Glycols; Urea;
Hex~methylenetetramine to be introduced during production.
Unfortunately it is not always possible, for techn~cal .
and cost reasons to introduce the~e agents into the formulations Furthermore, in addition to being a main contributory : cause of thedegradat~on o~ the active ingredients, the catalytic surracb actlvlty and the ionlc exchange capacity may, in some cases, lmmediately and def~nitively effect changes in the chemlcal structure of the active agents to the point Or totally de6troying their biological efficiency. .
The obJect of the present lnvention is to make composl-tlons ~n whlch the carrier does not affect the actl~ity o~ the actlve component.
_ 2 _ .,~i , .
Another ob~ect is to m~ke carriers from lnert subst~nces free, or e~entlally frec~ from ~cldic centers with ~ttle or negliglble exchange capacity.
Studies and practical trials, performed with certain mlnerals have yielded inert products totally ~ree ~rom ac~dlc center~, or with only liGht traces of acidic centers in which ionic exchange capacity is so reduced as to be negligible so that the stability o~ the active principles is not affected.
These mineral~ lnclude the following Selenltes, seric~lites, alabaster, anhydrites, aragonites, apatites, chalk stones, llmestones, saccharoid marbles? lime building stones, dolomitic limestones, marl or loam rock limestones, white clays, calcareous tu~as~ stalactites, stalagmites, barltlnes, to which there are adaed substances including alkaline metal inorganlc salts, alkaline-earth metal inorganic salts, di~ferent combinations o~ non-ionlc, anionic and cationic surface active agents, glycols, urea, hexamethylen~tetramlne.
Among the beforementioned minerals, those Or the "gypsum seriesU~ have proved to be particularly suitable and th~ir characteristics are given below:
MINERAIOGIC GR~UP
.
6th Cla~s mlnerals - Gypsum ~erle6 Hydrated sulphates, exempt from foreign anions in the forms:
Crystalline .......................... =Selenite Flbrous ...... ;............. ,......... =Serlculite CoDpact, spathic, ~accharold ......... ~Alabaster Chemical name......................... =dihydrate calcium sulphate Chemlcal formula ..................... ~CaS04.2 Clas~................................. =Prismatlc Crystallizatlon system................ =Monoclinlc ~3 -r~
Reticle ............................. =Ionic Hardness ............................. - 2 (two) Specific weight ..................... = 2.30 Calcium anhydrous sulphate in the form:
Crystalline ......................... =Anhydrite Chemical name ....................... =Anhydrous calcium sulphate Chemical formula .................... =CaSO4 Class ............................... =Ri pyramidic Crystallization system .............. =Rhombic 10 Reticle ............................... =Ionic Hardness (mohs Scale) ................ = 3 - 3.5 Specific weight ..................... = 3.0 According to colloidal theories, the "settling"
phenomenon of these materials seems to be due to the action of water after baking has occurred, because gels are built from the solution or dispersion of colloidal nature of calcium sulfate dihydrate. From the gels crystals of calcium sulfate dihydrate are formed as long needles which are thickly disposed and closely interwoven, so that hardening and greater cohesion among the crystals themselves is achieved.
According to the present invention there are provided dust diluents and carriers of the gypsum series and a method of producing the same. The method comprises the following steps:
Baking In order to transform CaSO4. 2H2O into a more useful product within the scope of the present invention, the material is baked so that the baking temperature is gradually increased whereby the following products result:
CaSO4.2H2O (120 - 130C) CaSO4 1/2 H2O(Ses~uihydrate) Baked Gypsum CaSO4.1/2 H2O (over 130C)CaSO4`~ .. ...............Alpha Gypsum C~SO4.Alpha (over 300 C) CaSO4~ ................ Beta Gypsum CaS04.Beta ~over 600 C) CaSO4 Y ,. ............. Gamma Gypsum (A variety of the anhydrite) CaSO4.Gamma (800 - 1,000 C) .................... Hydraulic Gypsum Deactivating and "Setting"
The alpha gypsum, has empty spaces in its reticle and may be easily dissolved in water. The addition under stirring to the baked gypsum, alpha gypsum, beta gypsum, gamma gypsum or anhydrite, hydraulic gypsum or their mixtures, of water, in appropriate proportions and inorganic salts of alkaline and alkaline-earth metals, double aluminum and potassium sulphates, of substances which are a source of electrons, oxygen and nitrogen donors (glycols, hexamethylenetetramine, urea and others) of combinations of special particular non-ionic, anionic and cationic surface-active agents, of natural and/or synthetic resins, of polymers of vegetable origin, polymerized vegetable gums, polymerized vegetable oils, polyvinyl chlorides or acetates, unchanged or emulsified, specific "setting" retarders, tannic derivatives, or ligninsulphites or ligninsulphonates of alkaline or alkaline earth or amphoteric metals, specific synthetic plasticizers for plastic or polymerizable materials or for mixtures of rubber, ... in suitable proportions have yielded some products with a powdery or granular form and particularly suitable for use in pesticides and other agents for protecting agricultural products. Conventional industrial processes may be used for the baking, granulation, ficreening, pelletizing and drying of materials (or mixtures thereof with phytoiathric substances) and for the grinding of the inert products.
r 5 _ 1~49Z84 ~he inert pro~ucts accordin~ to the presen~ invention may be of granular or powde~ed ~orm, The inert products according to the pxesent invention and having a granular ~orm ha~e the followin~ chemical and phys~cal char~cterlstics:
Physical condition .. ..,.. Granular with globular shaped particles Colour .............. ..... From wh~te to llght tonalit~es of brown or grey.
Homogeneity .............. o~ colour excèllent; of size : variable granulometric extension or distribution, according to the requirements and the specific use whereto the product may be destin~d.
p~.Suspenslon at 5~....... Between 6.o and 9.0 (according to to the necessity or requirements).
Fluidity ................. Good~ ~uch that it will not produce agglomeration or packing phenomena.
Moisture... ~.............. From 0.50% up to a maximum of 3.00~
understood as such, that i9 only the resldual water,not the water of form-ation, crystallization, or chem~cally bound water. Thi~ residual water ~ay be extracted as an azeo~ropic mixture with xylene and/or benzene, by means o~
the Dean & Stark device, modi~ièd by l~rcusson.
Hygroscopicity............ From 0.3~ up to a maximum of 5%.
~ardness or tendency to chip ... ,.............. Enough to maintaln unchanged the granula~r shape (with possible llght ' .h~,~ .
1049~84 modi~ications of the ~ranulometrlc ~stributlon) durlng the processing ~nd the corresponding packaging oper~ti~ns, storage~ transportation and distribution, by means of mechan-ical devices on the ground or in the air.
Maximum oil-absorption.,.from 14 up to 26G o~ oil for lOOG
of granular product, White mineral oil used, having a viscosity of
- n order to distribute an agent to protect crops and/or assist in their growth, the agent must be in such a form and Or such concentration that it can promote biological efficiency and mu~t be capable o~ being appli~d to the soil.
Up to the present time, the most rrequently used forms have been wettable powders, dusts; emulsi~iable concentrates;
emNlsions which can be diluted in water; solutions which can be m~xed with water; granular formulations; and pellets.
These forms comprise the following A toxicant or active ingrediènt which may be a nat~ral or synthetic product in a medium o~ high degree o~ purity; sur~ace active agents, adhesives, colouring, sinergysing, stabilizing elements, 2S well ~8 reg~latlng elements for evaporation and emission; and inert ingredients (arom~tic, aliphatic, polar and water sol~ents, ~olld mineral, or synthetic or vegetable materials). Here the word ~inert~ i8 not used in the absolute sense but to indicate passivity with respect to the compositions and to the action of the other ingredients of the agent. These lnert ingredients are used to bring the conce~tr~tion Or actiY~ 1nere~lent~ to wlthin th~
deæired or authorized limits. The follo~ing are ~ridely used As wettablé or dust pesticide powders, there are used talc, kaolonites, dlatomites, silicon dloxides or ~ilica, carbonates o~ alkallne-earth metal~, alkallne earth met&l hydroxide~, montmorillonites , attapulgltes, vegetal prod~cts, tripolites, dolomites, clay products, phosphates, pyrophyllites, ~ynthetic and other products. As granular or granulated products, there are used vegetable products, calcltes, diatomlte~, dolo-mites, vermiculites, sulphates, mica, pyroph~lites, montmcrillOnites k~olinites, attapulgites, clays, phosphates, nitrates, sulphates, ~ilicates, pumices, synthetlc and other products.
.~,'"
~0 4~ 2 84 Obviously~ a~ ~d~itlves and carrlc~ thc product~
Sh~uld ~ot lntcract ~t all w~th the active lngredient~ nor with ~he addltives o~ each composition. Therefore, for every form~' ~ati~n it is necessary to determine the mineralogic, structural, . chemical and physical characteristics of the inert ingredients.
Some of these characteristics may have the undesirable e~ect of inducing and catalyzing the decomposition of the active componen~ for instance they may ef~ect a) The water conten~ (constltutional~ comb~natlon or elaboration residual water);
b) Surface ac~dic centres or surface catalytic . activity;
c) Cation~c exchange capacity, depending upon its mineralogical group, the crystallogra~hic structure, and the working process.
In spite o~ long studies, the disadvantages ~pecifled herein,.partlcularly under b) and c), ha~e not yet been totally ellminated, but it has been pos.sible to reduce the dlsadvantages by means o~ ~uch substances as, ~or lnstance: a) Glycols; Urea;
Hex~methylenetetramine to be introduced during production.
Unfortunately it is not always possible, for techn~cal .
and cost reasons to introduce the~e agents into the formulations Furthermore, in addition to being a main contributory : cause of thedegradat~on o~ the active ingredients, the catalytic surracb actlvlty and the ionlc exchange capacity may, in some cases, lmmediately and def~nitively effect changes in the chemlcal structure of the active agents to the point Or totally de6troying their biological efficiency. .
The obJect of the present lnvention is to make composl-tlons ~n whlch the carrier does not affect the actl~ity o~ the actlve component.
_ 2 _ .,~i , .
Another ob~ect is to m~ke carriers from lnert subst~nces free, or e~entlally frec~ from ~cldic centers with ~ttle or negliglble exchange capacity.
Studies and practical trials, performed with certain mlnerals have yielded inert products totally ~ree ~rom ac~dlc center~, or with only liGht traces of acidic centers in which ionic exchange capacity is so reduced as to be negligible so that the stability o~ the active principles is not affected.
These mineral~ lnclude the following Selenltes, seric~lites, alabaster, anhydrites, aragonites, apatites, chalk stones, llmestones, saccharoid marbles? lime building stones, dolomitic limestones, marl or loam rock limestones, white clays, calcareous tu~as~ stalactites, stalagmites, barltlnes, to which there are adaed substances including alkaline metal inorganlc salts, alkaline-earth metal inorganic salts, di~ferent combinations o~ non-ionlc, anionic and cationic surface active agents, glycols, urea, hexamethylen~tetramlne.
Among the beforementioned minerals, those Or the "gypsum seriesU~ have proved to be particularly suitable and th~ir characteristics are given below:
MINERAIOGIC GR~UP
.
6th Cla~s mlnerals - Gypsum ~erle6 Hydrated sulphates, exempt from foreign anions in the forms:
Crystalline .......................... =Selenite Flbrous ...... ;............. ,......... =Serlculite CoDpact, spathic, ~accharold ......... ~Alabaster Chemical name......................... =dihydrate calcium sulphate Chemlcal formula ..................... ~CaS04.2 Clas~................................. =Prismatlc Crystallizatlon system................ =Monoclinlc ~3 -r~
Reticle ............................. =Ionic Hardness ............................. - 2 (two) Specific weight ..................... = 2.30 Calcium anhydrous sulphate in the form:
Crystalline ......................... =Anhydrite Chemical name ....................... =Anhydrous calcium sulphate Chemical formula .................... =CaSO4 Class ............................... =Ri pyramidic Crystallization system .............. =Rhombic 10 Reticle ............................... =Ionic Hardness (mohs Scale) ................ = 3 - 3.5 Specific weight ..................... = 3.0 According to colloidal theories, the "settling"
phenomenon of these materials seems to be due to the action of water after baking has occurred, because gels are built from the solution or dispersion of colloidal nature of calcium sulfate dihydrate. From the gels crystals of calcium sulfate dihydrate are formed as long needles which are thickly disposed and closely interwoven, so that hardening and greater cohesion among the crystals themselves is achieved.
According to the present invention there are provided dust diluents and carriers of the gypsum series and a method of producing the same. The method comprises the following steps:
Baking In order to transform CaSO4. 2H2O into a more useful product within the scope of the present invention, the material is baked so that the baking temperature is gradually increased whereby the following products result:
CaSO4.2H2O (120 - 130C) CaSO4 1/2 H2O(Ses~uihydrate) Baked Gypsum CaSO4.1/2 H2O (over 130C)CaSO4`~ .. ...............Alpha Gypsum C~SO4.Alpha (over 300 C) CaSO4~ ................ Beta Gypsum CaS04.Beta ~over 600 C) CaSO4 Y ,. ............. Gamma Gypsum (A variety of the anhydrite) CaSO4.Gamma (800 - 1,000 C) .................... Hydraulic Gypsum Deactivating and "Setting"
The alpha gypsum, has empty spaces in its reticle and may be easily dissolved in water. The addition under stirring to the baked gypsum, alpha gypsum, beta gypsum, gamma gypsum or anhydrite, hydraulic gypsum or their mixtures, of water, in appropriate proportions and inorganic salts of alkaline and alkaline-earth metals, double aluminum and potassium sulphates, of substances which are a source of electrons, oxygen and nitrogen donors (glycols, hexamethylenetetramine, urea and others) of combinations of special particular non-ionic, anionic and cationic surface-active agents, of natural and/or synthetic resins, of polymers of vegetable origin, polymerized vegetable gums, polymerized vegetable oils, polyvinyl chlorides or acetates, unchanged or emulsified, specific "setting" retarders, tannic derivatives, or ligninsulphites or ligninsulphonates of alkaline or alkaline earth or amphoteric metals, specific synthetic plasticizers for plastic or polymerizable materials or for mixtures of rubber, ... in suitable proportions have yielded some products with a powdery or granular form and particularly suitable for use in pesticides and other agents for protecting agricultural products. Conventional industrial processes may be used for the baking, granulation, ficreening, pelletizing and drying of materials (or mixtures thereof with phytoiathric substances) and for the grinding of the inert products.
r 5 _ 1~49Z84 ~he inert pro~ucts accordin~ to the presen~ invention may be of granular or powde~ed ~orm, The inert products according to the pxesent invention and having a granular ~orm ha~e the followin~ chemical and phys~cal char~cterlstics:
Physical condition .. ..,.. Granular with globular shaped particles Colour .............. ..... From wh~te to llght tonalit~es of brown or grey.
Homogeneity .............. o~ colour excèllent; of size : variable granulometric extension or distribution, according to the requirements and the specific use whereto the product may be destin~d.
p~.Suspenslon at 5~....... Between 6.o and 9.0 (according to to the necessity or requirements).
Fluidity ................. Good~ ~uch that it will not produce agglomeration or packing phenomena.
Moisture... ~.............. From 0.50% up to a maximum of 3.00~
understood as such, that i9 only the resldual water,not the water of form-ation, crystallization, or chem~cally bound water. Thi~ residual water ~ay be extracted as an azeo~ropic mixture with xylene and/or benzene, by means o~
the Dean & Stark device, modi~ièd by l~rcusson.
Hygroscopicity............ From 0.3~ up to a maximum of 5%.
~ardness or tendency to chip ... ,.............. Enough to maintaln unchanged the granula~r shape (with possible llght ' .h~,~ .
1049~84 modi~ications of the ~ranulometrlc ~stributlon) durlng the processing ~nd the corresponding packaging oper~ti~ns, storage~ transportation and distribution, by means of mechan-ical devices on the ground or in the air.
Maximum oil-absorption.,.from 14 up to 26G o~ oil for lOOG
of granular product, White mineral oil used, having a viscosity of
2.8 - 3.0~E at 100F (37,8C )~' Acidic centres or surface catalytic activity....,. Either absent or in light traces, (Qualitative test with ~ndicator p-dimethylaminoazobenzene), Cation exchange capacity.................. From Zero to 3 me/g 100 of granular (Qualitative test with benzylamine and n-butyla~ne ) O
Density ........ ,..... ~... Up to about 1.0 g/ml:
packed from about 0'7 to 1.2 g~nl, Particle size ........ .... ~rom 3.00 mm to 10.00 mm Fr~m 1.50 mm to 3.00 mm From 0.75 mm to 2.00 mm From 0.35 mm to 0.75 mm From 0.15 mm to 0.25 mm according to necessities and requirements.
Inert products according to the present inventlon and taking the rorm o~ a dr~ powder have th~ ~ollowing chemlcal and physical characteristic~:
~ I .
~ J
.
49Z~34 Phy3ical conditlon..,...,.. powd~r C~l~ur........................ ,.,., ~rom white to light tonalitles Or brown or grey.
Homo~eneity,....,~..,.,.,., excellent.
pH.Suspension at 5% .......... ......from 6.o to 9.0 (according to neces~ities and requirements) Density ...................... ......from o.4 to o.6 g/ml (approximately) after settllng or beddlng. From 0.5 to o.8 ~/ml (approximately).
~luidity...................... ......mod~rate Moisture ............. 0....... ......from 0.5% to a maximum o~ 3~.
~ygroscopicity................ ......from 0~3% to a maximum of 5%.
Mhx~mum oil ~bsorption...... from 14 to 20 G of oi} ~or lOOG
o~ product.
Acldic centres or surf~ce catalytic activity.......... eithex absent or in light traces.
(q~alitati~e test with p-d~methylaminoazobenzene).
Cation exchange capacity.O.. from Zero to 3 me/G 100 of product (qua~itative test with benzylamin~
and n-butylamin e).
Particle ~ize............... -90 micron -74 m~cron -53 micxon -44 micron ~nd possibly other slzes according to requirements.
Al~ the me~tioned lngredients gave to the flnished powdered or granular productsg and particularly the latter~
a ~urther positlve characteri~tlc l.e. a slower and more controlled erogation of the volatlle pestlcid~s by means o~
.. . . .
^ 8 ''C
, ~C~4~284 which the persistence of their biological efficiency is increased within acceptable limits, with negligible inter-ference or increase in the residual substances of the active principles over the authorized limits.
All the finished products according to the present invention may be delivered in different colours, especially blue which allows a better identification of the products at the distribution state.
g _
Density ........ ,..... ~... Up to about 1.0 g/ml:
packed from about 0'7 to 1.2 g~nl, Particle size ........ .... ~rom 3.00 mm to 10.00 mm Fr~m 1.50 mm to 3.00 mm From 0.75 mm to 2.00 mm From 0.35 mm to 0.75 mm From 0.15 mm to 0.25 mm according to necessities and requirements.
Inert products according to the present inventlon and taking the rorm o~ a dr~ powder have th~ ~ollowing chemlcal and physical characteristic~:
~ I .
~ J
.
49Z~34 Phy3ical conditlon..,...,.. powd~r C~l~ur........................ ,.,., ~rom white to light tonalitles Or brown or grey.
Homo~eneity,....,~..,.,.,., excellent.
pH.Suspension at 5% .......... ......from 6.o to 9.0 (according to neces~ities and requirements) Density ...................... ......from o.4 to o.6 g/ml (approximately) after settllng or beddlng. From 0.5 to o.8 ~/ml (approximately).
~luidity...................... ......mod~rate Moisture ............. 0....... ......from 0.5% to a maximum o~ 3~.
~ygroscopicity................ ......from 0~3% to a maximum of 5%.
Mhx~mum oil ~bsorption...... from 14 to 20 G of oi} ~or lOOG
o~ product.
Acldic centres or surf~ce catalytic activity.......... eithex absent or in light traces.
(q~alitati~e test with p-d~methylaminoazobenzene).
Cation exchange capacity.O.. from Zero to 3 me/G 100 of product (qua~itative test with benzylamin~
and n-butylamin e).
Particle ~ize............... -90 micron -74 m~cron -53 micxon -44 micron ~nd possibly other slzes according to requirements.
Al~ the me~tioned lngredients gave to the flnished powdered or granular productsg and particularly the latter~
a ~urther positlve characteri~tlc l.e. a slower and more controlled erogation of the volatlle pestlcid~s by means o~
.. . . .
^ 8 ''C
, ~C~4~284 which the persistence of their biological efficiency is increased within acceptable limits, with negligible inter-ference or increase in the residual substances of the active principles over the authorized limits.
All the finished products according to the present invention may be delivered in different colours, especially blue which allows a better identification of the products at the distribution state.
g _
Claims (2)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method of producing a dust diluent or carrier from anhydrous or hydrated calcium sulfate, in granular or powder form, comprising the steps of (1) baking a mineral consisting essentially of calcium sulfate at a temperature between 120° - 130°C to produce baked gypsum (calcium sulfate sesquihydrate), at a temperature of 130° - 300°C to produce alpha sypsum, at a temperature between 300° - 600°C to produce beta gypsum, at a temperature between 600° - 800°C to produce gamma gypsum and at a temperature between 800° - 1000°C to produce hydraulic gypsum, (2) adding water to disperse or dissolve at least one of said baked products and allowing settling to occur, (3) adding (a) a substance which is a double sulfate of aluminum and potassium, (b) a non-ionic, an anionic or cationic surface active agent, (c) carboxymethylcellulose, (d) urea, (e) a glycol, (f) hexamethylenetetramine, (g) sodium bisulfate dihydrate, (h) polyvinyl acetate, (i) polyvinyl chloride, (j) monobasic calcium phosphate, (k) a polymerized vegetable adhesive, or (1) a polymerized vegetable oil, (4) drying and (5) pelletizing or grinding, so as to obtain a product in granular or powder form having essentially no acidic centers, no surface catalytic activity and no cationic exchange activity.
2. A diluent or carrier for incorporation in a pesticidal or fertilizing product containing a pesticidally active or fertilizing ingredient comprising a granular or powdery form of a baked calcium sulfate mineral and an additive in an amount effective to reduce the rate of decomposition of the pesticidally active or fertilizing ingredient, said additive being (a) a double sulfate of aluminum and potassium, (b) a non-ionic, anionic or cationic surface active agent, (c) carboxy-methylcellulose, (d) urea, (e) a glycol, (f) hexamethylenetetramine, (g) sodium bisulfate dihydrate, (h) polyvinyl acetate, (i) poly-vinyl chloride or (j) monobasic calcium phosphate, said diluent or carrier having 0.05 - 3% moisture, being of pH 6 - 9 and of hygroscopicity 0.3% up to 5%, essentially free of acidic centers and essentially free of surface activity.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT85592/73A IT1001361B (en) | 1973-08-24 | 1973-08-24 | MINERAL INERT OF THE GYPSUM SERIES IN GRANULAR FORM OR RULENT POWDER WITH ABSORBENT PROPERTIES FOR SPECIFIC USE IN THE SECTOR OF PESTICIDES, LEAF FERTILIZERS, SOIL FERTILIZERS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1049284A true CA1049284A (en) | 1979-02-27 |
Family
ID=11328612
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA207,452A Expired CA1049284A (en) | 1973-08-24 | 1974-08-20 | Gypsum dust dilluents for use in pesticides and fertilising products |
Country Status (25)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5946921B2 (en) |
| AR (1) | AR208887A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT347741B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE818576A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7406974D0 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1049284A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2432688C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK145139C (en) |
| EG (1) | EG14389A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES429451A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2241247B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1483644A (en) |
| HK (1) | HK76179A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL45333A (en) |
| IN (1) | IN141228B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1001361B (en) |
| KE (1) | KE2978A (en) |
| LU (1) | LU70782A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX3403E (en) |
| NL (1) | NL176737C (en) |
| OA (1) | OA04765A (en) |
| PH (1) | PH12543A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7409494L (en) |
| YU (1) | YU221574A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA744771B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5651401A (en) * | 1979-10-05 | 1981-05-09 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | Granular pesticide |
| NZ204861A (en) * | 1982-07-20 | 1986-10-08 | Nat Res Dev | Sustained release device:trace element incorporated in cement |
| DE3921805A1 (en) * | 1988-07-05 | 1990-01-18 | Horst Prof Dr Bannwarth | Composition for fertilisation, soil improvement and protection of waterways |
| AU2004242523B2 (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2009-11-19 | Sst Australia Pty Ltd | Adjuvant composition for use with a pesticide and a process for preparation thereof |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE9520C (en) * | DR. W. KÜBEL in Holzminden | Disinfection and smoking boards resp. columns | ||
| DE885022C (en) * | 1943-03-27 | 1953-07-30 | Schering Ag | Adhesive for powder pest repellants |
| CH249068A (en) * | 1945-12-04 | 1947-06-15 | Ciba Geigy | Methods of combating pests. |
| US3062637A (en) * | 1958-06-12 | 1962-11-06 | Minerals & Chem Philipp Corp | Colloidal clay bonded agricultural granule |
| FR1265875A (en) * | 1960-05-23 | 1961-07-07 | Gerland Soc Chimique | Process for manufacturing a plaster-based polyvinyl acetate emulsion coating |
| US3056723A (en) * | 1960-11-21 | 1962-10-02 | Diamond Alkali Co | Method of preparing pelletized pesticidal compositions |
| GB1086937A (en) * | 1963-10-15 | 1967-10-11 | Ici Ltd | Herbicidal compositions |
| GB1099386A (en) * | 1965-08-18 | 1968-01-17 | Allen & Hanburys Ltd | Enhancing germination of seeds and growth of plants |
| US3553321A (en) * | 1967-02-10 | 1971-01-05 | Johns Manville | Stabilized carrier for pesticidal formulations |
| BE789756A (en) * | 1971-10-15 | 1973-04-06 | Shell Int Research | PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING GRAINS WITH BIOCIDE EFFICACY |
-
1973
- 1973-08-24 IT IT85592/73A patent/IT1001361B/en active
-
1974
- 1974-07-08 DE DE2432688A patent/DE2432688C2/en not_active Expired
- 1974-07-22 IL IL45333A patent/IL45333A/en unknown
- 1974-07-22 SE SE7409494A patent/SE7409494L/ unknown
- 1974-07-23 IN IN1637/CAL/1974A patent/IN141228B/en unknown
- 1974-07-26 ZA ZA00744771A patent/ZA744771B/en unknown
- 1974-07-29 PH PH16111A patent/PH12543A/en unknown
- 1974-08-05 GB GB34397/74A patent/GB1483644A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-08-07 BE BE147366A patent/BE818576A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-08-13 YU YU02215/74A patent/YU221574A/en unknown
- 1974-08-13 EG EG331/74A patent/EG14389A/en active
- 1974-08-14 OA OA55275A patent/OA04765A/en unknown
- 1974-08-14 AT AT668474A patent/AT347741B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-08-14 MX MX001392U patent/MX3403E/en unknown
- 1974-08-19 FR FR7428456A patent/FR2241247B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-08-20 CA CA207,452A patent/CA1049284A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-08-21 BR BR6974/74A patent/BR7406974D0/en unknown
- 1974-08-22 LU LU70782A patent/LU70782A1/xx unknown
- 1974-08-22 AR AR255280A patent/AR208887A1/en active
- 1974-08-22 ES ES429451A patent/ES429451A1/en not_active Expired
- 1974-08-23 JP JP49096247A patent/JPS5946921B2/en not_active Expired
- 1974-08-23 NL NLAANVRAGE7411263,A patent/NL176737C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-08-23 DK DK451374A patent/DK145139C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1979
- 1979-07-05 KE KE2978A patent/KE2978A/en unknown
- 1979-11-01 HK HK761/79A patent/HK76179A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK145139B (en) | 1982-09-13 |
| IN141228B (en) | 1977-02-05 |
| LU70782A1 (en) | 1975-01-02 |
| DK451374A (en) | 1975-04-28 |
| DE2432688C2 (en) | 1986-01-30 |
| NL176737C (en) | 1985-06-03 |
| BE818576A (en) | 1974-12-02 |
| DK145139C (en) | 1983-02-21 |
| JPS5946921B2 (en) | 1984-11-15 |
| YU221574A (en) | 1984-02-29 |
| SE7409494L (en) | 1975-02-25 |
| IL45333A (en) | 1978-06-15 |
| IT1001361B (en) | 1976-04-20 |
| ES429451A1 (en) | 1977-02-16 |
| BR7406974D0 (en) | 1975-06-24 |
| EG14389A (en) | 1983-12-31 |
| HK76179A (en) | 1979-11-09 |
| DE2432688A1 (en) | 1975-03-20 |
| NL176737B (en) | 1985-01-02 |
| GB1483644A (en) | 1977-08-24 |
| AU7219174A (en) | 1976-02-12 |
| MX3403E (en) | 1980-10-30 |
| KE2978A (en) | 1979-08-03 |
| FR2241247B1 (en) | 1976-12-31 |
| ZA744771B (en) | 1975-08-27 |
| ATA668474A (en) | 1978-05-15 |
| NL7411263A (en) | 1975-02-26 |
| FR2241247A1 (en) | 1975-03-21 |
| OA04765A (en) | 1980-08-31 |
| JPS5070529A (en) | 1975-06-12 |
| PH12543A (en) | 1979-06-07 |
| IL45333A0 (en) | 1974-10-22 |
| AT347741B (en) | 1979-01-10 |
| AR208887A1 (en) | 1977-03-15 |
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