CA1043292A - Container subassembly having a membrane-type closure, and method of assembling the subassembly - Google Patents
Container subassembly having a membrane-type closure, and method of assembling the subassemblyInfo
- Publication number
- CA1043292A CA1043292A CA231,277A CA231277A CA1043292A CA 1043292 A CA1043292 A CA 1043292A CA 231277 A CA231277 A CA 231277A CA 1043292 A CA1043292 A CA 1043292A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- rim
- closure
- heat
- seam
- container subassembly
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D3/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies or peripheral walls of curved or partially-curved cross-section made by winding or bending paper without folding along defined lines
- B65D3/22—Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies or peripheral walls of curved or partially-curved cross-section made by winding or bending paper without folding along defined lines with double walls; with walls incorporating air-chambers; with walls made of laminated material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D51/00—Closures not otherwise provided for
- B65D51/18—Arrangements of closures with protective outer cap-like covers or of two or more co-operating closures
- B65D51/20—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing
Abstract
ABSTRACT A container assembly is provided which comprises a composite tubular body having an outwardly rolled top rim which body has an asymmetrically tabbed membrane-type closure sealingly secured to the rolled rim so that the peripheral section of the closure conforms radially and circumferentially to an upwardly facing annular area of the rolled rim. The method of making the container subassembly comprises induction heat sealing a membrane-type closure comprising an electrically conductive sheet to a composite tubular body comprising an electrically conductive liner with electrical insulation means and heat activatable sealant disposed therebetween. The method further comprises biasing the peripheral section of the closure towards the rolled rim with a uniformly dis-tributed force while the induction heat sealing is being effected.
Description
~043Z9~ :
BACKGROUND OF THE-INVENTION
, . _ Various aspects o~ providing containers having membrane-type closures, and of induction heat sealing membrane- -type closures to containers are disclosed in prior art U. S.
patents of which the following are representative: U.S. Patent - No. 2~937,481 issued May 24, 1960 to Jack Palmer; U.S. Patent No. 3,460,310 issued August 12, 1969 to Edmund Philip Adcock et al.; U.S. Patent No. 3,501,045 issued March 17,1970 to Richard W. Asmus at al~; U.S. Patent No. 3,734,044 issued May 0 ~, 1973 to Ric~ard W. ~smus ;et al.; U.S. Patent No. 3,767,076 issued October 23, 1973 to Leo J. Kennedy; U.S. Patent No.
~,805,993 issued April 23, 1974 to William H. Enzie et al.;
and U.S. Patent No. 3,808,074 issued April 30, 1974 to John ~ ~1 Graham Smith et al. However, the prior art does not disclose solutions to all of the problems associated with providing containers having membrane-type closures in the manner of or -I degree of the present invention.
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. ~ . .,~, OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
~he nature and substance of the invention will be more readily appreciated after giving consideration to its ma~or aims and purposes. The principal objects of the invention ~-are recited in the ensuing paragraphs in order to provide a better~appreciation o~ its important aspects prior to describing `
;l , , .
the details of a preferred embodiment in later portions of this ;~ 30 ~ description.
~ A major objec~ of the present invention is providing ;~ ~ a container subassembly comprising a composite tubular body and an asymmetrical shape membrane-type closure ha~ing an I integral pull tab and means for induction heat sealing the `l 3~ closure to the body to effect a hermetic seal therebetween..;! . . 2 :
.
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Another major object of the present invention is providing a hermetically sealable container subassembly comprising a spirally wound composite tubular body, and an asymmetrical shape membrane-type closure having an integral pull tab. , , Still another major object of the present,invention is,providing the container subassembly described in the pre-ceding paragraph which subassembly comprises means for being induction heat sealed.
Yet-still another majox ob~ect of the present invention is providing the container subassembly described in the preceding paragraph which'container further comprises an overcap havi~g heat-deformable means for causin~ the' '~
peripheral section of the'closure to conform radially and circumferentially to a rolled-rim of the tubular body.
Yet another major object of the present invention '~
is providing a thermoplastic overcap comprising heat-deformable means for causing the peripheral section of a heat- ' ~ealable membrane-type closure to conform radially and circum-~erentially to the rim of a container body when the closure is heat sealed to the rim of the container body. , A still further major ob~ect of the present invention is provLding a method of induction heat sealing an asymmetrical ~,~
~shape membrane-type closure to the rim of a`tubular container body so that the peripheral section of the closure conforms ' xadially and circumferentially to the rim of the ~ubular body.
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., .
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~43Z92 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
. _ . .
. The above recited and other objects are achieved in the present invention by providing a container sub-. a~se~bly comprising a membrane-type closure ~aving.an . integral pull tab, a composite tubular body having a rolled top rim, and heat activatable sealant and electrical insula~
tion disposed lntermediate the peripheral se~tion of the closure and the rim of the tubular body. The closure com-.prises an electrically conduc~ive sheet which is config.ured to provide a disc portion and an integral pull tab. The tubular body comprises a liner of electrically conductive material havingl a lap seam intermediate overlapped side edge portions. The ~ -closure is sealingly cecured along a circumferentially exten~ing . ~
seam to the rim of the container so that the peripheral section .: .
15 of the disc portion of the closure conforms radially and circumferentially to an upwardly facing annular-shape area of ' .
the rolled rim on the tubular body. The container subassembly : :.
may further comprise an overcap comprising heat-deformable means for efecting the radial and circumferential conformation of the peripheral section of the closure to the rim of the con .tainer body. The method of induction heat sealing an asymmetrical- .
shape closure comprising an electri~cally conductive sheet to a . . .
tubular body comprising an electrically conductive liner includes the step of biasing the peripheral section of the closure towards the rim o~ the container body with a uniformly distributed force while adjacent portions of the electrically conductive ¦ sheet and the electrically conductive liner are simultaneously .
heated by induction heating means.
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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF TEIE DE~AWINGS
While the specification.concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the ~ . subject matter regarded as forming the present invention, it 5 is believed the invention will be better understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying . drawings in which:
Figure-l is an exploded perspective view of a .
. preferred container subassembly embodying the present invention.
10 Figure 2 is a ~ragmentary perspective view of the ~ : -container subassembly shown in.Figure 1.
- Figure 3 is an enlarged scale., fragmentary perspective view of the spirally wound and lap seamea liner of the container ; subassembly shown in Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of the liner shown in Figure 3 taken along line 4-4 thereof.
Figure 5 is a ragmentary, radially outwaraly looking view of the liner-seam-area of the outwardly rolled rim of the tubular container body shown in Figure 1.
Figure 6 is an enlarged scale bottom view of the overcap of the container subassembly sho~n in Figure l.
Figure 7 is an enlarged scale~ fragmentary radial sectional view of the overcap shown in Figure 1 taken along line ~.
7-7 thereof. . `.
. 25 Figure 8 is an enlarged scale fragmentary circum-ferential sectional view of the overcap shown in Figures 1, 6 and 7 taken along line 8-8 of Figure 7.
.. : Figure 9 is an enlarged scale top view of the -~ membrane-type closure shown in Figure 1 prior to folding the .I 30 integral tab of the closure to the orientation shown in Figure 1 - . -'' . ' ' ' .''' `I :, ', "'~' .. .. . . . . ... .. . .
~043Z~2 ~igure 10 is a fragmentary sectional view of the closure shown in Figure-9 taken along line 10-10 thereof.
Figure 11 is an enlarged scale radial sectional view of a top edge portion of the container subassembly shown in Figure 2 taken along line 11-11 thereof ~lhich line ex~ends between radially extending ribs depending from the interior surface of the overcap of the subassembly.
Figuxe 12 is an enlarged scale circumferer.tial ~
- sectional view of the container subassembly shown in Figure ~ -.. . ..
BACKGROUND OF THE-INVENTION
, . _ Various aspects o~ providing containers having membrane-type closures, and of induction heat sealing membrane- -type closures to containers are disclosed in prior art U. S.
patents of which the following are representative: U.S. Patent - No. 2~937,481 issued May 24, 1960 to Jack Palmer; U.S. Patent No. 3,460,310 issued August 12, 1969 to Edmund Philip Adcock et al.; U.S. Patent No. 3,501,045 issued March 17,1970 to Richard W. Asmus at al~; U.S. Patent No. 3,734,044 issued May 0 ~, 1973 to Ric~ard W. ~smus ;et al.; U.S. Patent No. 3,767,076 issued October 23, 1973 to Leo J. Kennedy; U.S. Patent No.
~,805,993 issued April 23, 1974 to William H. Enzie et al.;
and U.S. Patent No. 3,808,074 issued April 30, 1974 to John ~ ~1 Graham Smith et al. However, the prior art does not disclose solutions to all of the problems associated with providing containers having membrane-type closures in the manner of or -I degree of the present invention.
'1 . . ... . ..
l . . . ~ - , ~ ..
. ~ . .,~, OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
~he nature and substance of the invention will be more readily appreciated after giving consideration to its ma~or aims and purposes. The principal objects of the invention ~-are recited in the ensuing paragraphs in order to provide a better~appreciation o~ its important aspects prior to describing `
;l , , .
the details of a preferred embodiment in later portions of this ;~ 30 ~ description.
~ A major objec~ of the present invention is providing ;~ ~ a container subassembly comprising a composite tubular body and an asymmetrical shape membrane-type closure ha~ing an I integral pull tab and means for induction heat sealing the `l 3~ closure to the body to effect a hermetic seal therebetween..;! . . 2 :
.
~1~43~gZ
Another major object of the present invention is providing a hermetically sealable container subassembly comprising a spirally wound composite tubular body, and an asymmetrical shape membrane-type closure having an integral pull tab. , , Still another major object of the present,invention is,providing the container subassembly described in the pre-ceding paragraph which subassembly comprises means for being induction heat sealed.
Yet-still another majox ob~ect of the present invention is providing the container subassembly described in the preceding paragraph which'container further comprises an overcap havi~g heat-deformable means for causin~ the' '~
peripheral section of the'closure to conform radially and circumferentially to a rolled-rim of the tubular body.
Yet another major object of the present invention '~
is providing a thermoplastic overcap comprising heat-deformable means for causing the peripheral section of a heat- ' ~ealable membrane-type closure to conform radially and circum-~erentially to the rim of a container body when the closure is heat sealed to the rim of the container body. , A still further major ob~ect of the present invention is provLding a method of induction heat sealing an asymmetrical ~,~
~shape membrane-type closure to the rim of a`tubular container body so that the peripheral section of the closure conforms ' xadially and circumferentially to the rim of the ~ubular body.
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., .
..
~, .
~43Z92 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
. _ . .
. The above recited and other objects are achieved in the present invention by providing a container sub-. a~se~bly comprising a membrane-type closure ~aving.an . integral pull tab, a composite tubular body having a rolled top rim, and heat activatable sealant and electrical insula~
tion disposed lntermediate the peripheral se~tion of the closure and the rim of the tubular body. The closure com-.prises an electrically conduc~ive sheet which is config.ured to provide a disc portion and an integral pull tab. The tubular body comprises a liner of electrically conductive material havingl a lap seam intermediate overlapped side edge portions. The ~ -closure is sealingly cecured along a circumferentially exten~ing . ~
seam to the rim of the container so that the peripheral section .: .
15 of the disc portion of the closure conforms radially and circumferentially to an upwardly facing annular-shape area of ' .
the rolled rim on the tubular body. The container subassembly : :.
may further comprise an overcap comprising heat-deformable means for efecting the radial and circumferential conformation of the peripheral section of the closure to the rim of the con .tainer body. The method of induction heat sealing an asymmetrical- .
shape closure comprising an electri~cally conductive sheet to a . . .
tubular body comprising an electrically conductive liner includes the step of biasing the peripheral section of the closure towards the rim o~ the container body with a uniformly distributed force while adjacent portions of the electrically conductive ¦ sheet and the electrically conductive liner are simultaneously .
heated by induction heating means.
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~)43Z9;~
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF TEIE DE~AWINGS
While the specification.concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the ~ . subject matter regarded as forming the present invention, it 5 is believed the invention will be better understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying . drawings in which:
Figure-l is an exploded perspective view of a .
. preferred container subassembly embodying the present invention.
10 Figure 2 is a ~ragmentary perspective view of the ~ : -container subassembly shown in.Figure 1.
- Figure 3 is an enlarged scale., fragmentary perspective view of the spirally wound and lap seamea liner of the container ; subassembly shown in Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of the liner shown in Figure 3 taken along line 4-4 thereof.
Figure 5 is a ragmentary, radially outwaraly looking view of the liner-seam-area of the outwardly rolled rim of the tubular container body shown in Figure 1.
Figure 6 is an enlarged scale bottom view of the overcap of the container subassembly sho~n in Figure l.
Figure 7 is an enlarged scale~ fragmentary radial sectional view of the overcap shown in Figure 1 taken along line ~.
7-7 thereof. . `.
. 25 Figure 8 is an enlarged scale fragmentary circum-ferential sectional view of the overcap shown in Figures 1, 6 and 7 taken along line 8-8 of Figure 7.
.. : Figure 9 is an enlarged scale top view of the -~ membrane-type closure shown in Figure 1 prior to folding the .I 30 integral tab of the closure to the orientation shown in Figure 1 - . -'' . ' ' ' .''' `I :, ', "'~' .. .. . . . . ... .. . .
~043Z~2 ~igure 10 is a fragmentary sectional view of the closure shown in Figure-9 taken along line 10-10 thereof.
Figure 11 is an enlarged scale radial sectional view of a top edge portion of the container subassembly shown in Figure 2 taken along line 11-11 thereof ~lhich line ex~ends between radially extending ribs depending from the interior surface of the overcap of the subassembly.
Figuxe 12 is an enlarged scale circumferer.tial ~
- sectional view of the container subassembly shown in Figure ~ -.. . ..
- 2 taken along line 12-12 thereof. -~
Figure 13 is a reduced scale,end view of a portion of an apparatus for induction heat sealing the closure of the container assembly shown in Figure 1 to the rim of ~he tublllar body of the container assembly.
Figure 14 is a reduced scale perspective view of the induction heatiny electrode of the apparatus shown in ~igure 13.
Figure 15 is a fra~mentary perspect'ive vie~ of an ¦
alternate container subassem~ly embodying the present invention. ~ -Figuxe 16 is an enlarged scale top view of an 0 alternate membrane-type closure which may be incorporated in container subassemblies emb~dying the present invention.
Figure 17 is an enlarged scale, frag~entary top view o~ another alternate ~embrane-type closure which may ~e incor~
porated in container subassemblies embodying the present invention.
Figure 18 is a sectional view of the alternate membrar.e-type closure shown in Figure 17 taken along line 18-18 :1 ....
thereof.
i ~ Figure 19 is an enlarged scale, fra~mentarv top view '3~ of yet another alte~nate me~brane-type closure which may be il , ,. .. . ' 'l incorporated in container assem~lies em~odying the present .;~ . .
~ invention. I ~
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(Figures 16-19 inclusive are located in the second sheet of drawings, together with Figures 7-10.) ~ 3a~Z
DESCRIP~ION OF THE PR FEP~RED E!~lBODI?l~.MT
Referring now to Figures 1 and 2, the preferred : embodiment of the present invention is a container sub-assembly 40 ~ihich comprises a spirally ~ound, composite tubular body 41, a membrane-type closure 42 having an : integrz-l pull .ab 43, and an overcap 44.
Briefly, overcap 44 comprises heat-~eformable means such as a mu-tiplicity of circumferentially spaced, ~: radially extending ribs 85 (See Figs~ 6, 8 and 12) which means are heat-deformed or molded when container subassembly 40 is assembled to cause j I
the peripheral section of closure 42 to conform radially and circumferentially to the rim of tubular bo~y 41 regardless of minor irregularities in the rim of tu~ular body ~1. Further, ~ the container subassembly comprises means for induction heat : . --.15 sealing closure 42 to the rim of tubular body 41 and for causing the heat-deform2ble means to effect the above described radial ~-~
and circumferential conformation of the peripheral section of ;;
closure 42 to the rim of tubular body 41.
Tubular body 41, Figure 1, of the preferred embodlment ~ i .
container assembly 40 is a glue bonded, composite, spirally `~` wound tube construction which tube, after being cut to length, i has its top rim 48 rolled outwardly to form a circumferentially . :
;' extending bead and has its bottom rim 49 flared to enable : : :~
crimping a bottc~ closure thereto. :.
~5 Referring now to Fiaure 11, the multi-ply sidewall l of tubular body 41, Figure 1, is shown to comprise three ~ajor `~ plies: an innermost ply hereinafter referrea to as liner 50, ~ an outermost ply hereinafter referred to as la~el 51, and a ;.
J middle ply 52~ In the preferred emboaiment cortainer assembly .~ , l30 40, Figure 1, label 51 comprises fifty-five pound litho paper ~:~
,1 .~- .. ~,. ' ~ 3Z92 coated with a moisture barrier which, in turn, is printed and coated with an o~erprint lacquer; an~ the middle ply 5 is nineteen point kraft paper can board.
Liner 50, Figure 3, comprises a web of four layer construction as shown in Figure 4. The innermost la~er 53 is a thermoplastic material which forms the radially inwardly facing portion of body 41 when the web is spirally wound and spirally lap seamed as indicated in Figure 3. The thermoplastic material of the preferred embo~iment is a twelve pound coating of Surlyn, DuPont number sixteen-hundred-fifty-two SR, an ionomer resin, although polypropylene and othex the~moplastic materials may be used~ Surlyn is a registered trademark of the E.I~ DuPont ~ . , . .. ".. , ~., .
de Nemours Company. The second layer 54 is aluminum foil having a preferrea thickness of about thirty-fi~e one-hundred-thousandths of an inch which is adhered to the outermost layer ;l 56 by the third layer 55 of the construction which third layer' may be a seven pound coating of low density polyethylene. The outermost layer 56 may be twenty-five pound machine finish natural kraft paper.
' 20 When the web from which liner 50 is spirally wound into the tubular shape shown in Figure 3, one side edge portion 60 is doubled back so that the oppositely disposed second side ,! . edge portion 61 can be overlapped therewith with the thermo-plastic innermost layer 53 of side edge portions 60, 61 in abutting relation. This enables the overlapped side edge portions .: .
60, 61 to be heat sealed together to form a spiral lap seam I ; or body seam 62 having a spiral inner edge 63 and a spiral ou er edge 64.
As is shown in Figure 3, spiral lap seam 62 comprises three thicknesses of the web from which the liner 50 is formed.
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i The two~extra thicknesses of liner material in spiral seam 62 ; precipitate a circumferentially extending hump 65, Figure 5, .
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in the top rim 98 of tubular body ~1, which hump 65 is sho~m in ex2gqeratea proportions in ~igure 5 to more clearly disclose that it causes the top rim 48 to have elevational differences aroun~ the top opening 66 of tubular ~ody 41 as indicated in Fiaure 5 by delta E; t~ E ).
As will be described more fully hereinafter, elevational differences of rim 48 around top opening 66 7hich aifferences are precipitated by lap seams and/or other aspects ~i of making spirally wound composite tubular bodies such as 41 having outwardly rolled top rims re~uire special attention to hermetically seal a membrane-type closure such as closure 42 to the top rims. I i The membrane-type closure 42, Figure 9, has an ~;
asymmetrical shape, and comprises a disc portion 70 and an inte-gral radially extenaing tab 43 having its proximai end 71 hingedly secured ~o the perimeter 72 of disc portion 70. An annular-shape section of disc portion 70 which extends radially inwardly . .
from perimeter 72 is aesignated peripheral section 73.
As shown in Figure 10, closure ~2 is a three layer construction comprising a top layer 74~ a middle layer 75, and a bottom layer 76. In the preferred embodiment closure 42, middle layer 75 is an electrically conductive sheet of type 1145 aluminum having a nominal thickness of about three mlls, top layer 74 is a one-half pound vinyl washcoat such as 1 25 "Adcoat 41C"* available from Morton Chemical Company, Chicago, I ~ ~Illinois, and the bottom layer is a one mil thermoplastic coating of DuPont type XBR 950 ethylene vinyl acetate. The , vinyl washcoat is provided as a means for protecting the top ~-surface of the aluminum sheet from oxida,ion, and the XBR 950 coating is provided on the ~ottom surface of the aluminum sheet to ma~.e the peripheral section 73 of closure 42 peelably heat *Trademark .~ ' ' .
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sealable to an upwardly facing annular-shape area of the thermoplastic innermost layer 53 of liner 50 of tubular body 41 which layer 53 is disposed on the top of rim 48 by vi~tue of rim 48 being rolled outwardly as described hereinbefore.
Tog`ether, the portions of the XBR 950 coat;ng and . the ther~oplastic layer-53 of the liner 50 of.tubular body -, 41 comprise electrical insulation means and heat activatable . . -.
sealant disposed intermediate the aluminum sheet 75 of closure 42 and :.
the aluminum layer 54 of liner 50 whereby.the peripheral section 73 of closure 42 is susceptible to being induction heat sealed .. . , . ;.
to the top rim 48 of the tubular body 41 to form a hermetic circumferential seam therebetween.
Overcap 44, Figure 1, of the preferred embodiment is made of thermoplastic material such as lo~ density poly-ethylene resin type 1400 available from Gulf Oil Chemicals Co., .- :
Orange, Texas. Overcap 44, Figures 6 and 7, comprises a top .
panel ~0 and an annular skirt 81 depending from the periphery of l . ;
the top panel 80. .~
The- top panel-further comprises an annular-shape .. . .
stacking flange 82 which extends upwardly from the exterior sur- .:
face 83 of top panel 80. The stacking flange 82 has a planar, :
annular-shape top surface 84. The stacking flange 82 has a mean .
diameter substantially ~qual to the mean diameter of rim 48 -.
of container body 41 so that the stacking flange 8~ is sup~r- ... :
jacent the rim 48 when the overcap 44 is applied to th~ tubular .~
body 41 as shown in Figures 2 and 11. ... :.~ :
: The top panel 83 of overcap 44 also comprises heat-deformable means such as.a multiplicity of circumferentially spaced, radially extending ribs 85, Figures 6, 7 and 8, ~hich .. ;.. ~
depend from the interior surface of the top panel 80 of overczp - .:
. ,: ,, ~ 44. The ribs 85 ~re so disposed that they underlie the stacking .~
`l ~.~r .
flange 82 whereby they xadially.span the rim 48 of the tubular body 41 when the contai.ner subassembly 4~ is assembled as shown in Figure 11. Figure 7 is a radial sectional view taken between two ribs 85 to show the radially extending profile of a rib 85 and ~igure 8 is a circumferential sectional Vi2W taken through - the ribs 85 to show their transverse cross-sectional shape.
. Such heat deformable means as ribs 85 are provided to cause khe periphexal section 73 o~ closure 42 to conform radially and circumferentially to the rim 48 of tubular body 41 by being heat-deformed when the container subassemhly 40 is assembled as shown in Figures 11 and 12. In the preferred embodlment, ribs 85 have a radial length L, Figure 7, of about one-quarter of one inch, a width W, Figure 8,:of about six-thousandths of one inch, are spaced circumferentially about ten-thousandths of one .:
inch center-to-center, and have a height ~, Figure 8, of -about .~.::
eight-thousandths of one inch. : ~
-': . : -~he annular skirt 81 of overcap 44 comprises means :.
, for cooperating with overcap engaging means provided on the ~:
tubular body 41 adjacent the top rim 48 of the body 41. In the . ~.
preferred embodiment, the radially inwardly and downwardly ..
ex~enaing shoulder 87 comprises the means for cooperating with ` :
overcap engaging means on the tubular boay 41,.and the radially outwardly.disposed, radially inwardly and downwardly extending ~-distal portion B8 of the outwardly turned top rim 48 of tubular 25~ body 41 comprises such overcap engaging means, all as shown in ~
~ Figure 11. : -:
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The container subas~embly 40, Figure.s 1 and 2 is :
assembled as shown in the greatly enlarged scale radial sectional view of Figure 11 taken along line 11-11 of Figure 2, and as shown in the greatly enlarged scale circumferential sectional s view of Figure.12 taken along line 12-12 of Figure 2. Briefly, .
the preferred method of so assembling container subassembly 40 comprises biasing the overcap 44 towards the rim 48 of the tubular body 41 while adjacent portions of the peripheral section 73 of .
closure 42, rim 48,.and rihs 85 are simultaneously hea~ed by inductibn heating means to a sufficiently high temperature to heat-deform the ribs 85 to cause them to evenly distribute the biasing ~ ;
; force across the closure-rim interface to cause the peripheral . . .
. section 73 of closure 42 to conform radially, Figure 11, and :. .
. ..
circumferentially, Figure 12, to rim 48 as shown, and to be . .
15 hermetically sealed thereto along a circumferentially extending seam 89. By virtue of heat-deforming ribs 85 as sh~wn in Figures 11 and 12, the peripheral section 73 of closure 42 can be made to I so conform to rim 48 regardless of eleYational differences ~
¦ caused by the seam 62 of tlle liner 50 (i.e.: hump 65, Figure 5), or the presence of tab 43, Figure 12. . .:
. PEeferably, the biasing force is applied from a I planar surface 95 of a biasing device such as spring 96 incor- ~ ;
j porated in an induction heating device 97 to the planar surface :
84 of overcap 44 as shown in Figure 13 while carriage 98 is . ~
( 25 drawn along cylindrical guides 99, 100 by a chain 101 attached ~ ~.
I to the carriage 98 is drawn around a driven sprocket 102. By virtue of shafts 103, 104 being freely rotatable in the upstand- :.
ing ends 105, 106 respectively of carriage 98, and by virtue of ~.
a pinion gear 107 being drivingly secured to shaft 103 and drivingly engaged with a stationary rack gear 108, a looselv assembled container subassemhly 40 can be supported between Il ~ 2 .. . .
~ 43292 eups 109,11o, and rolled past the non~contacting linear sections 111, 112 of induction heating electrode 113, Figure 14, as the carriage 98 is moved. As shown in Figure 13, linear s~ction 111 of electrode 113 is disposed substantially ~but not touehing) tubular body 41 subjacent the top rim of the body, and the linear section 112 of electrodell3 overlies the overcap 44 and closure 42 radially inwardly from the rim of the body and extends chordally with respect to the rim. Thus, by energizing ,~
eleetrode 113 by a suitable RF source (not shown) adjaeent portions of the electrically conductive she'et 75 of closure 42 ,-and the electrically eon2uctive layer 54 of liner 50 can be ~,;
simultaneously induction heated whereby adjacent portions of - -- . ,, . : .
the ribs 85 of the overcap 44, the thermoplastic coating 76 '' of elosure 42, and the thermoplastic innermost layer 53 of ,, ,lS liner 50 are simultaneously conduc~ively heated. When thus ' ,'~, ~
heated to a sufficiently high temperature, the biasing force -" '' wili preeipitate the above described radial and eircumferential eonfoxmation, and the hermetic eireumferential seam 89 will be .
formed.
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~20 Ribs 85a, Figure 12, illustrate the heat-deformation I of the ribs which eauses the biasing force to be equally dis- , ' '' ,l tributed around the peripheral seetion 73 of elosuxe 42 during he induction sealing operation described abové. Were the ,, tabs 85a~disposed superjacent the tab ~43 not so deformed, ~he ', ' ~,25 ` ~ biasing force would be concentxated in the tab axea. This eoncentration of bias might preeipitate damage to the underlying portion,-~of rim 48 and/or reduce the bias around the remaindex l; ~ of the rim to a value too low to effect good sealing. '~
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~.
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~l~9L3~9Z -The Model 5000 R.F.C. Hig~ ~'requency Generator which is available from the Radio Frequency Company, 44-46 Park Street, Medfield, Massachusetts is such a suitable RF source.referred to above.
During the assembly and sealing of.the preferred con-tainer subassembly described hereinabove which subassembly 40 comprises a tubular body 41 having an inner diameter of about -~.. .
two-and-seven-eighths inches, the R.F.C..Generator was operated . `..
.at a plate cu-rent of about one-and-three-tenths amperes, a spring biasing force of about thirty pounds was app`Iied,.and the carriage was drawn past the linear sections 111, il2 of electrode 113 at `. :
about two feet per second. The linear sections 111, 112 of electrode 113 were approximately twelvè inches long. ~ ~.
.
. During such induction heat sealing as described above, ~ ~
and with the tab 43 of the closure 42 oriented away from the. ~ .
seam 62 in liner 50 of bo~dy 41 as shown in Figures 1 and 2, :~-the maximum temperature achieved under the proximal end 71 .. ~ :
of tab 43 was in the range of from about two-hundred-thirty to :~
about two-hundred-thirty-nine degrees Fahrenheit while the maximum temperature achieved around the rest of the rim 48 was in the range of from about two-hundred-seventy to about tw~-hundred-seventy-Dir.e degrees Fahrenheit~
. - .
,~.
, ~3Z~2 . The tensile streng~h of the peelable bond achieved between XBR 950 and Surlyn (registered trademark of the DuPont Company) or polypropylene is directly related to the tempera-ture achieved during the heat sealing operation. Thus, because S the maximum temperatures achievea under the proximal çnd 71 of tab 43 and above the body seam 62 in the rolled rim of body 41 were lo~er than in the remainder of the circumferential ~ seam 89, it.follows that the tensile strength of tXe circumfer- ..
: ential seam 89 is smaller under the tab 43 and above the body se.am 62-than in the remai~nd~r of the circumferential seam 89.
~owever, in similar subassemblies whereih either ~; the electrically.conductive sheet is omitted from the closure or the electrically conductive layer is o~itted from the . tubular body, the tensile strength of the circumferential seam ;. 15 is, as compared to the preferred embodiment container sub-assembly, inferentially, much lower as witn~essed by the following examples.
When a container subassembly like the preferred .~
embodiment but for omitting the electrically conductive sheet : `.
from the closure was subjected to the sealing conditions .described hereinabove, the maximum temperature achieved intermediate the peripheral section of the closure and the rim of the tubular body was in the range of from a~out one- i hundred-twenty to about one-hundred-~wenty-nine degrees Fahrenheit; less than one half that achieved in the preferred embodiment.
~ . Similarly, when a container subassembly like the .I preferred embodiment but for omitting the electrically con~
ductive layer in the rim of the tubular body was subjected to the~ same sealing conditions, the maximum temperature achieved i; , , -. ,.. ., ., , . . , - , . - . : :
- . , , . ~, ~ ~ ...... . . . . . .. . . . .. .
: ~Lt)43292 under the proximal end of the tab was in the range of from about one-hundred-ten to about one-hundred-nineteen de~rees Fahrenheit and the maximum temperature in the circumferential seam area spaced away from the ta~ and the ~' body seam was in the range of from about one-hundred-thirty to about one-hundred-thirty~nine degrees Fahrenheit; also ~; less than about one half that achieved in the preferred embodiment. -^ From the foregoing, it i~ clear that both the elect~ically conductive sheets in the-closure 42 and the electrically conductive layer in the liner of tubular body 41 are required to enable inductively sealing ~hose members of the subassembly together in the manner described herein-before. Also, by ~irtue of making the electrically conductive sheet and layer of aluminum, the resulting container subassembly ,1 . . .~ . .
l is subject to being hermetically sealed by crimping a suitable i hermetic closure to the bottom end of the tubular body. Ho~7ever, the electrically conductive members must be electrically insulated fxom each other to prevent arcing during induction heating.
Referring now to Figure 15 t an alternate container subassembly 40a is shown which comprises the same tubular body 4~1, closure 42, and overcap 44 as the preferred container subassembly 40, Figures 1 and 2. Indeed, the subassemblies 40 and 40a are identical but for the fact that closure 42 of , 25 subassembly 40, Figure 2, is oriented with respect to the I ~ rim o~the tubular body 41 so that the~proximal end of the ~;
~ tab 43 is not disposed superjacent the portion of the lapped ~ody :ZiZ ' ' : seam~62 disposed in the rim of the tubular body in the preferred assem ly 40, whereas the closure 42 of subassembly 40a, Figure 15, is oriented with respect to the rim of the tubular body Z
Z . . . . .. :
, .. . .. : . .
1~3Z9Z
4i so tha~ the proximal end of the'tab ~3 is disposed super-jacent the portion of the lapped body seam 62 of the tubular body 41 dis'posed in the rim 48 of the tubular.body in the alter-- nate container subassembly 40a.
S As will become apparent from ~he.. following example, the circumferential seam 89,'Figure 11, of pre-ferred embodiment container subassembly 40, Figures 1 and 2, has greater structural integrity than the circumferential seam in the alternate subassembly 40a, F;gure 15. However, because the tensile strength o the circumferential seam sub-jacent tab 43 o subassembly 40a is less than in subassembly ~ -40, the lnitial pull required to begin peeling ciosure 42 ' :
from the tubular body 41 is commensurately less. Therefore, a container ¢omprising subassembly 40a is easier to open than a container comprising subassembly 40 and for that reason more desirable for some container applications than a container :.
comprising a subassembly 40.
The reduced initial pull required to peel a closure ~rom an alternate container subassembly 40a, Figure 15, is inferred "
~rom the fact that when such an assembly is subjected to the same : - ;:
sealing conditions described in con~unction with the preferred .
embodiment container subassembly, the maximum temperature .'~
achieved:subjacent the proximal end of the tab of the closure ' '~
is in the range of from about one-hundred-seventy to about one- '...: .:
, ~hundred-seventy-nine degrees FahrPnheit, wnile.. the ma~imum temperature achieved in the remaining portion of the circum- ~.
ferential seam is ~in the range o~ from a~out two-hundred~
se~enty~to about two-hundred-seventy-nine degrees Fahrenheit; :~' ~ over twice the differential measured in the preferred contziner .-~ :
3Q ~ assembly 40, Figures 1 and 2, as set forth hereinabove. Indeed, `~
~ ~7 : -- :;
~6~43Z9~
the pull required on the tab of the closure to initiate peeling the closure from the pre~erred embodiment 40 is greater than two times that required for the alternate container subassembly 40a.
Referring now to Figure 16, an alternate closure emhodiment 42a-is shown which has an aperture 120 disposed in the proximal end 71a of tab A3a adjacent the disc portion 70a of the closure. In such a closure having a three-sixteenths-inch diameter aperture in a one-half-inch wide tab, the 'emp-erature differential experienced between the area under the tab and the other portions of the circumferential seam ~uring induction heat sealing was reduced by about twenty-five percent from the aif ferential experienced in the preferred embodiment described hereinbefore. Thus, container subassemblies com-prising the alternate closure 42a wOula have greater structural integrity than the preferred embodiment. It is believed that the benefit of incxeased structural integrity available through using alternate closures 42a must be balanced aga~nst ,.1 : . .
the need therefor and the cost thereof.
, Other alternate closure embodiments 42b, and 42c are .' I shown in Figures 17 and 19 respectïvely. However, the elongate 'l apertures 121 ~isposed in the proximal end of the tab are formed by making C-shape cuts to form flaps 122, Figure 18, and by folding the flaps 122 as shown in Figure 18. Such a methoa of -~
.~ , .: .
providing apertures obviates scrap removal which would be :
required in the ~anufacture of alternate closures 42a/ Figure 16.
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~09L3292 While particular em~odiments of th~ present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be obvious to those s~illed in the art that various.changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the . invention and it is intended to cover, in the.appended claims, . all su~h changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.
.
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Figure 13 is a reduced scale,end view of a portion of an apparatus for induction heat sealing the closure of the container assembly shown in Figure 1 to the rim of ~he tublllar body of the container assembly.
Figure 14 is a reduced scale perspective view of the induction heatiny electrode of the apparatus shown in ~igure 13.
Figure 15 is a fra~mentary perspect'ive vie~ of an ¦
alternate container subassem~ly embodying the present invention. ~ -Figuxe 16 is an enlarged scale top view of an 0 alternate membrane-type closure which may be incorporated in container subassemblies emb~dying the present invention.
Figure 17 is an enlarged scale, frag~entary top view o~ another alternate ~embrane-type closure which may ~e incor~
porated in container subassemblies embodying the present invention.
Figure 18 is a sectional view of the alternate membrar.e-type closure shown in Figure 17 taken along line 18-18 :1 ....
thereof.
i ~ Figure 19 is an enlarged scale, fra~mentarv top view '3~ of yet another alte~nate me~brane-type closure which may be il , ,. .. . ' 'l incorporated in container assem~lies em~odying the present .;~ . .
~ invention. I ~
~ .. . ,. ~:
(Figures 16-19 inclusive are located in the second sheet of drawings, together with Figures 7-10.) ~ 3a~Z
DESCRIP~ION OF THE PR FEP~RED E!~lBODI?l~.MT
Referring now to Figures 1 and 2, the preferred : embodiment of the present invention is a container sub-assembly 40 ~ihich comprises a spirally ~ound, composite tubular body 41, a membrane-type closure 42 having an : integrz-l pull .ab 43, and an overcap 44.
Briefly, overcap 44 comprises heat-~eformable means such as a mu-tiplicity of circumferentially spaced, ~: radially extending ribs 85 (See Figs~ 6, 8 and 12) which means are heat-deformed or molded when container subassembly 40 is assembled to cause j I
the peripheral section of closure 42 to conform radially and circumferentially to the rim of tubular bo~y 41 regardless of minor irregularities in the rim of tu~ular body ~1. Further, ~ the container subassembly comprises means for induction heat : . --.15 sealing closure 42 to the rim of tubular body 41 and for causing the heat-deform2ble means to effect the above described radial ~-~
and circumferential conformation of the peripheral section of ;;
closure 42 to the rim of tubular body 41.
Tubular body 41, Figure 1, of the preferred embodlment ~ i .
container assembly 40 is a glue bonded, composite, spirally `~` wound tube construction which tube, after being cut to length, i has its top rim 48 rolled outwardly to form a circumferentially . :
;' extending bead and has its bottom rim 49 flared to enable : : :~
crimping a bottc~ closure thereto. :.
~5 Referring now to Fiaure 11, the multi-ply sidewall l of tubular body 41, Figure 1, is shown to comprise three ~ajor `~ plies: an innermost ply hereinafter referrea to as liner 50, ~ an outermost ply hereinafter referred to as la~el 51, and a ;.
J middle ply 52~ In the preferred emboaiment cortainer assembly .~ , l30 40, Figure 1, label 51 comprises fifty-five pound litho paper ~:~
,1 .~- .. ~,. ' ~ 3Z92 coated with a moisture barrier which, in turn, is printed and coated with an o~erprint lacquer; an~ the middle ply 5 is nineteen point kraft paper can board.
Liner 50, Figure 3, comprises a web of four layer construction as shown in Figure 4. The innermost la~er 53 is a thermoplastic material which forms the radially inwardly facing portion of body 41 when the web is spirally wound and spirally lap seamed as indicated in Figure 3. The thermoplastic material of the preferred embo~iment is a twelve pound coating of Surlyn, DuPont number sixteen-hundred-fifty-two SR, an ionomer resin, although polypropylene and othex the~moplastic materials may be used~ Surlyn is a registered trademark of the E.I~ DuPont ~ . , . .. ".. , ~., .
de Nemours Company. The second layer 54 is aluminum foil having a preferrea thickness of about thirty-fi~e one-hundred-thousandths of an inch which is adhered to the outermost layer ;l 56 by the third layer 55 of the construction which third layer' may be a seven pound coating of low density polyethylene. The outermost layer 56 may be twenty-five pound machine finish natural kraft paper.
' 20 When the web from which liner 50 is spirally wound into the tubular shape shown in Figure 3, one side edge portion 60 is doubled back so that the oppositely disposed second side ,! . edge portion 61 can be overlapped therewith with the thermo-plastic innermost layer 53 of side edge portions 60, 61 in abutting relation. This enables the overlapped side edge portions .: .
60, 61 to be heat sealed together to form a spiral lap seam I ; or body seam 62 having a spiral inner edge 63 and a spiral ou er edge 64.
As is shown in Figure 3, spiral lap seam 62 comprises three thicknesses of the web from which the liner 50 is formed.
.~, . . .
i The two~extra thicknesses of liner material in spiral seam 62 ; precipitate a circumferentially extending hump 65, Figure 5, .
'' . ' . ' ' .
:. ~
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~ 0~329;~
in the top rim 98 of tubular body ~1, which hump 65 is sho~m in ex2gqeratea proportions in ~igure 5 to more clearly disclose that it causes the top rim 48 to have elevational differences aroun~ the top opening 66 of tubular ~ody 41 as indicated in Fiaure 5 by delta E; t~ E ).
As will be described more fully hereinafter, elevational differences of rim 48 around top opening 66 7hich aifferences are precipitated by lap seams and/or other aspects ~i of making spirally wound composite tubular bodies such as 41 having outwardly rolled top rims re~uire special attention to hermetically seal a membrane-type closure such as closure 42 to the top rims. I i The membrane-type closure 42, Figure 9, has an ~;
asymmetrical shape, and comprises a disc portion 70 and an inte-gral radially extenaing tab 43 having its proximai end 71 hingedly secured ~o the perimeter 72 of disc portion 70. An annular-shape section of disc portion 70 which extends radially inwardly . .
from perimeter 72 is aesignated peripheral section 73.
As shown in Figure 10, closure ~2 is a three layer construction comprising a top layer 74~ a middle layer 75, and a bottom layer 76. In the preferred embodiment closure 42, middle layer 75 is an electrically conductive sheet of type 1145 aluminum having a nominal thickness of about three mlls, top layer 74 is a one-half pound vinyl washcoat such as 1 25 "Adcoat 41C"* available from Morton Chemical Company, Chicago, I ~ ~Illinois, and the bottom layer is a one mil thermoplastic coating of DuPont type XBR 950 ethylene vinyl acetate. The , vinyl washcoat is provided as a means for protecting the top ~-surface of the aluminum sheet from oxida,ion, and the XBR 950 coating is provided on the ~ottom surface of the aluminum sheet to ma~.e the peripheral section 73 of closure 42 peelably heat *Trademark .~ ' ' .
` , ' ~l~43Z9Z
sealable to an upwardly facing annular-shape area of the thermoplastic innermost layer 53 of liner 50 of tubular body 41 which layer 53 is disposed on the top of rim 48 by vi~tue of rim 48 being rolled outwardly as described hereinbefore.
Tog`ether, the portions of the XBR 950 coat;ng and . the ther~oplastic layer-53 of the liner 50 of.tubular body -, 41 comprise electrical insulation means and heat activatable . . -.
sealant disposed intermediate the aluminum sheet 75 of closure 42 and :.
the aluminum layer 54 of liner 50 whereby.the peripheral section 73 of closure 42 is susceptible to being induction heat sealed .. . , . ;.
to the top rim 48 of the tubular body 41 to form a hermetic circumferential seam therebetween.
Overcap 44, Figure 1, of the preferred embodiment is made of thermoplastic material such as lo~ density poly-ethylene resin type 1400 available from Gulf Oil Chemicals Co., .- :
Orange, Texas. Overcap 44, Figures 6 and 7, comprises a top .
panel ~0 and an annular skirt 81 depending from the periphery of l . ;
the top panel 80. .~
The- top panel-further comprises an annular-shape .. . .
stacking flange 82 which extends upwardly from the exterior sur- .:
face 83 of top panel 80. The stacking flange 82 has a planar, :
annular-shape top surface 84. The stacking flange 82 has a mean .
diameter substantially ~qual to the mean diameter of rim 48 -.
of container body 41 so that the stacking flange 8~ is sup~r- ... :
jacent the rim 48 when the overcap 44 is applied to th~ tubular .~
body 41 as shown in Figures 2 and 11. ... :.~ :
: The top panel 83 of overcap 44 also comprises heat-deformable means such as.a multiplicity of circumferentially spaced, radially extending ribs 85, Figures 6, 7 and 8, ~hich .. ;.. ~
depend from the interior surface of the top panel 80 of overczp - .:
. ,: ,, ~ 44. The ribs 85 ~re so disposed that they underlie the stacking .~
`l ~.~r .
flange 82 whereby they xadially.span the rim 48 of the tubular body 41 when the contai.ner subassembly 4~ is assembled as shown in Figure 11. Figure 7 is a radial sectional view taken between two ribs 85 to show the radially extending profile of a rib 85 and ~igure 8 is a circumferential sectional Vi2W taken through - the ribs 85 to show their transverse cross-sectional shape.
. Such heat deformable means as ribs 85 are provided to cause khe periphexal section 73 o~ closure 42 to conform radially and circumferentially to the rim 48 of tubular body 41 by being heat-deformed when the container subassemhly 40 is assembled as shown in Figures 11 and 12. In the preferred embodlment, ribs 85 have a radial length L, Figure 7, of about one-quarter of one inch, a width W, Figure 8,:of about six-thousandths of one inch, are spaced circumferentially about ten-thousandths of one .:
inch center-to-center, and have a height ~, Figure 8, of -about .~.::
eight-thousandths of one inch. : ~
-': . : -~he annular skirt 81 of overcap 44 comprises means :.
, for cooperating with overcap engaging means provided on the ~:
tubular body 41 adjacent the top rim 48 of the body 41. In the . ~.
preferred embodiment, the radially inwardly and downwardly ..
ex~enaing shoulder 87 comprises the means for cooperating with ` :
overcap engaging means on the tubular boay 41,.and the radially outwardly.disposed, radially inwardly and downwardly extending ~-distal portion B8 of the outwardly turned top rim 48 of tubular 25~ body 41 comprises such overcap engaging means, all as shown in ~
~ Figure 11. : -:
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The container subas~embly 40, Figure.s 1 and 2 is :
assembled as shown in the greatly enlarged scale radial sectional view of Figure 11 taken along line 11-11 of Figure 2, and as shown in the greatly enlarged scale circumferential sectional s view of Figure.12 taken along line 12-12 of Figure 2. Briefly, .
the preferred method of so assembling container subassembly 40 comprises biasing the overcap 44 towards the rim 48 of the tubular body 41 while adjacent portions of the peripheral section 73 of .
closure 42, rim 48,.and rihs 85 are simultaneously hea~ed by inductibn heating means to a sufficiently high temperature to heat-deform the ribs 85 to cause them to evenly distribute the biasing ~ ;
; force across the closure-rim interface to cause the peripheral . . .
. section 73 of closure 42 to conform radially, Figure 11, and :. .
. ..
circumferentially, Figure 12, to rim 48 as shown, and to be . .
15 hermetically sealed thereto along a circumferentially extending seam 89. By virtue of heat-deforming ribs 85 as sh~wn in Figures 11 and 12, the peripheral section 73 of closure 42 can be made to I so conform to rim 48 regardless of eleYational differences ~
¦ caused by the seam 62 of tlle liner 50 (i.e.: hump 65, Figure 5), or the presence of tab 43, Figure 12. . .:
. PEeferably, the biasing force is applied from a I planar surface 95 of a biasing device such as spring 96 incor- ~ ;
j porated in an induction heating device 97 to the planar surface :
84 of overcap 44 as shown in Figure 13 while carriage 98 is . ~
( 25 drawn along cylindrical guides 99, 100 by a chain 101 attached ~ ~.
I to the carriage 98 is drawn around a driven sprocket 102. By virtue of shafts 103, 104 being freely rotatable in the upstand- :.
ing ends 105, 106 respectively of carriage 98, and by virtue of ~.
a pinion gear 107 being drivingly secured to shaft 103 and drivingly engaged with a stationary rack gear 108, a looselv assembled container subassemhly 40 can be supported between Il ~ 2 .. . .
~ 43292 eups 109,11o, and rolled past the non~contacting linear sections 111, 112 of induction heating electrode 113, Figure 14, as the carriage 98 is moved. As shown in Figure 13, linear s~ction 111 of electrode 113 is disposed substantially ~but not touehing) tubular body 41 subjacent the top rim of the body, and the linear section 112 of electrodell3 overlies the overcap 44 and closure 42 radially inwardly from the rim of the body and extends chordally with respect to the rim. Thus, by energizing ,~
eleetrode 113 by a suitable RF source (not shown) adjaeent portions of the electrically conductive she'et 75 of closure 42 ,-and the electrically eon2uctive layer 54 of liner 50 can be ~,;
simultaneously induction heated whereby adjacent portions of - -- . ,, . : .
the ribs 85 of the overcap 44, the thermoplastic coating 76 '' of elosure 42, and the thermoplastic innermost layer 53 of ,, ,lS liner 50 are simultaneously conduc~ively heated. When thus ' ,'~, ~
heated to a sufficiently high temperature, the biasing force -" '' wili preeipitate the above described radial and eircumferential eonfoxmation, and the hermetic eireumferential seam 89 will be .
formed.
:
~20 Ribs 85a, Figure 12, illustrate the heat-deformation I of the ribs which eauses the biasing force to be equally dis- , ' '' ,l tributed around the peripheral seetion 73 of elosuxe 42 during he induction sealing operation described abové. Were the ,, tabs 85a~disposed superjacent the tab ~43 not so deformed, ~he ', ' ~,25 ` ~ biasing force would be concentxated in the tab axea. This eoncentration of bias might preeipitate damage to the underlying portion,-~of rim 48 and/or reduce the bias around the remaindex l; ~ of the rim to a value too low to effect good sealing. '~
"ii :: ~ ~ ~' , 1 ~ ~ 3 . ~ - `
: ~ - :
. .
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~.
.
~l~9L3~9Z -The Model 5000 R.F.C. Hig~ ~'requency Generator which is available from the Radio Frequency Company, 44-46 Park Street, Medfield, Massachusetts is such a suitable RF source.referred to above.
During the assembly and sealing of.the preferred con-tainer subassembly described hereinabove which subassembly 40 comprises a tubular body 41 having an inner diameter of about -~.. .
two-and-seven-eighths inches, the R.F.C..Generator was operated . `..
.at a plate cu-rent of about one-and-three-tenths amperes, a spring biasing force of about thirty pounds was app`Iied,.and the carriage was drawn past the linear sections 111, il2 of electrode 113 at `. :
about two feet per second. The linear sections 111, 112 of electrode 113 were approximately twelvè inches long. ~ ~.
.
. During such induction heat sealing as described above, ~ ~
and with the tab 43 of the closure 42 oriented away from the. ~ .
seam 62 in liner 50 of bo~dy 41 as shown in Figures 1 and 2, :~-the maximum temperature achieved under the proximal end 71 .. ~ :
of tab 43 was in the range of from about two-hundred-thirty to :~
about two-hundred-thirty-nine degrees Fahrenheit while the maximum temperature achieved around the rest of the rim 48 was in the range of from about two-hundred-seventy to about tw~-hundred-seventy-Dir.e degrees Fahrenheit~
. - .
,~.
, ~3Z~2 . The tensile streng~h of the peelable bond achieved between XBR 950 and Surlyn (registered trademark of the DuPont Company) or polypropylene is directly related to the tempera-ture achieved during the heat sealing operation. Thus, because S the maximum temperatures achievea under the proximal çnd 71 of tab 43 and above the body seam 62 in the rolled rim of body 41 were lo~er than in the remainder of the circumferential ~ seam 89, it.follows that the tensile strength of tXe circumfer- ..
: ential seam 89 is smaller under the tab 43 and above the body se.am 62-than in the remai~nd~r of the circumferential seam 89.
~owever, in similar subassemblies whereih either ~; the electrically.conductive sheet is omitted from the closure or the electrically conductive layer is o~itted from the . tubular body, the tensile strength of the circumferential seam ;. 15 is, as compared to the preferred embodiment container sub-assembly, inferentially, much lower as witn~essed by the following examples.
When a container subassembly like the preferred .~
embodiment but for omitting the electrically conductive sheet : `.
from the closure was subjected to the sealing conditions .described hereinabove, the maximum temperature achieved intermediate the peripheral section of the closure and the rim of the tubular body was in the range of from a~out one- i hundred-twenty to about one-hundred-~wenty-nine degrees Fahrenheit; less than one half that achieved in the preferred embodiment.
~ . Similarly, when a container subassembly like the .I preferred embodiment but for omitting the electrically con~
ductive layer in the rim of the tubular body was subjected to the~ same sealing conditions, the maximum temperature achieved i; , , -. ,.. ., ., , . . , - , . - . : :
- . , , . ~, ~ ~ ...... . . . . . .. . . . .. .
: ~Lt)43292 under the proximal end of the tab was in the range of from about one-hundred-ten to about one-hundred-nineteen de~rees Fahrenheit and the maximum temperature in the circumferential seam area spaced away from the ta~ and the ~' body seam was in the range of from about one-hundred-thirty to about one-hundred-thirty~nine degrees Fahrenheit; also ~; less than about one half that achieved in the preferred embodiment. -^ From the foregoing, it i~ clear that both the elect~ically conductive sheets in the-closure 42 and the electrically conductive layer in the liner of tubular body 41 are required to enable inductively sealing ~hose members of the subassembly together in the manner described herein-before. Also, by ~irtue of making the electrically conductive sheet and layer of aluminum, the resulting container subassembly ,1 . . .~ . .
l is subject to being hermetically sealed by crimping a suitable i hermetic closure to the bottom end of the tubular body. Ho~7ever, the electrically conductive members must be electrically insulated fxom each other to prevent arcing during induction heating.
Referring now to Figure 15 t an alternate container subassembly 40a is shown which comprises the same tubular body 4~1, closure 42, and overcap 44 as the preferred container subassembly 40, Figures 1 and 2. Indeed, the subassemblies 40 and 40a are identical but for the fact that closure 42 of , 25 subassembly 40, Figure 2, is oriented with respect to the I ~ rim o~the tubular body 41 so that the~proximal end of the ~;
~ tab 43 is not disposed superjacent the portion of the lapped ~ody :ZiZ ' ' : seam~62 disposed in the rim of the tubular body in the preferred assem ly 40, whereas the closure 42 of subassembly 40a, Figure 15, is oriented with respect to the rim of the tubular body Z
Z . . . . .. :
, .. . .. : . .
1~3Z9Z
4i so tha~ the proximal end of the'tab ~3 is disposed super-jacent the portion of the lapped body seam 62 of the tubular body 41 dis'posed in the rim 48 of the tubular.body in the alter-- nate container subassembly 40a.
S As will become apparent from ~he.. following example, the circumferential seam 89,'Figure 11, of pre-ferred embodiment container subassembly 40, Figures 1 and 2, has greater structural integrity than the circumferential seam in the alternate subassembly 40a, F;gure 15. However, because the tensile strength o the circumferential seam sub-jacent tab 43 o subassembly 40a is less than in subassembly ~ -40, the lnitial pull required to begin peeling ciosure 42 ' :
from the tubular body 41 is commensurately less. Therefore, a container ¢omprising subassembly 40a is easier to open than a container comprising subassembly 40 and for that reason more desirable for some container applications than a container :.
comprising a subassembly 40.
The reduced initial pull required to peel a closure ~rom an alternate container subassembly 40a, Figure 15, is inferred "
~rom the fact that when such an assembly is subjected to the same : - ;:
sealing conditions described in con~unction with the preferred .
embodiment container subassembly, the maximum temperature .'~
achieved:subjacent the proximal end of the tab of the closure ' '~
is in the range of from about one-hundred-seventy to about one- '...: .:
, ~hundred-seventy-nine degrees FahrPnheit, wnile.. the ma~imum temperature achieved in the remaining portion of the circum- ~.
ferential seam is ~in the range o~ from a~out two-hundred~
se~enty~to about two-hundred-seventy-nine degrees Fahrenheit; :~' ~ over twice the differential measured in the preferred contziner .-~ :
3Q ~ assembly 40, Figures 1 and 2, as set forth hereinabove. Indeed, `~
~ ~7 : -- :;
~6~43Z9~
the pull required on the tab of the closure to initiate peeling the closure from the pre~erred embodiment 40 is greater than two times that required for the alternate container subassembly 40a.
Referring now to Figure 16, an alternate closure emhodiment 42a-is shown which has an aperture 120 disposed in the proximal end 71a of tab A3a adjacent the disc portion 70a of the closure. In such a closure having a three-sixteenths-inch diameter aperture in a one-half-inch wide tab, the 'emp-erature differential experienced between the area under the tab and the other portions of the circumferential seam ~uring induction heat sealing was reduced by about twenty-five percent from the aif ferential experienced in the preferred embodiment described hereinbefore. Thus, container subassemblies com-prising the alternate closure 42a wOula have greater structural integrity than the preferred embodiment. It is believed that the benefit of incxeased structural integrity available through using alternate closures 42a must be balanced aga~nst ,.1 : . .
the need therefor and the cost thereof.
, Other alternate closure embodiments 42b, and 42c are .' I shown in Figures 17 and 19 respectïvely. However, the elongate 'l apertures 121 ~isposed in the proximal end of the tab are formed by making C-shape cuts to form flaps 122, Figure 18, and by folding the flaps 122 as shown in Figure 18. Such a methoa of -~
.~ , .: .
providing apertures obviates scrap removal which would be :
required in the ~anufacture of alternate closures 42a/ Figure 16.
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~09L3292 While particular em~odiments of th~ present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be obvious to those s~illed in the art that various.changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the . invention and it is intended to cover, in the.appended claims, . all su~h changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.
.
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Claims (12)
1. A container subassembly comprising a membrane-type closure, a composite tubular body having an outwardly rolled top rim, and heat activatable sealant and electrical insulation means disposed intermediate said closure and said rim of said body, said closure comprising an electrically conductive sheet which is configured to provide a disc portion and an integral radially extending tab, said tab being folded so that it extends radially inwardly from the perimeter of said disc portion and is disposed superjacent the top surface of said disc portion, said body comprising a liner formed from a web of electrically conductive material which is spindled into a tubular shape so that oppositely disposed side edge portions are sealingly secured together in overlapped relation to form a body seam, and said closure being sealingly secured by said heat activatable sealant to said rim along a circum-ferentially extending seam with said electrical insulation means disposed therebetween so that the peripheral section of said disc portion conforms radially and circumferentially to an upwardly facing annular-shape area of said rim.
2 The container subassembly of claim 1 wherein said electrical insulation means comprises a thermoplastic coating on the bottom surface of said sheet, and a layer of thermoplastic material adhered to the radially inwardly facing surface of said liner, said thermoplastic material being heat sealable to said thermoplastic coating, whereby said closure is sealingly secured to said rim by heat sealing the peripheral section of said thermoplastic coating on said closure to the portion of said thermo-plastic material of said liner which is disposed on the upwardly facing area of said rim by virtue of said rim being outwardly rolled.
3. The container subassembly of claim 2 wherein said thermoplastic coating and said thermoplastic layer are selected from the group comprising ethylene vinyl acetates, Surlyns* which are ionomer resins, and polypropylene whereby said closure is rendered peelably heat sealable to said rim of said tubular body and said seam is substantially hermetically sealed.
*Surlyn is a registered trademark of E. I. DuPont de Nemours Company
*Surlyn is a registered trademark of E. I. DuPont de Nemours Company
4. The container subassembly of claim 3 wherein said ethylene vinyl acetates. comprise DuPont's XBR 950, and said Surlyns comprise Surlyn number 1652 SR.
5. The container subassembly of claim 4 wherein said thermoplastic coating is DuPont's XBR 950, and said thermoplastic layer is DuPont's Surlyn number 1652 SR.
6. The container subassembly of claim 2 wherein said liner is spirally wound and said body seam is spiral-shape whereby said body seam intersects said rim and pre-cipitates a circumferentially extending body-seam hump on said rim due to said overlapped side edge portions.
7. The container subassembly of claim 6 wherein said closure is oriented with respect to said rim that the distal end of said tab is circumferentially spaced from said body seam hump on said rim.
8. The container subassembly of claim 6 wherein said closure is oriented with respect to said rim so that the distal end of said tab is disposed superjacent said body-seam hump.
9. The container subassembly of claim 1 further comprising an overcap comprising a top panel and an annular skirt depending from the periphery of said top panel, said top panel comprising heat-deformable means for causing said radial and circumferential conformation of said peripheral section of said closure to said rim area when said overcap is biased towards said rim by a biasing device which presents a planar surface to the exterior of said top panel while said heat-deformable means is heated to a sufficiently high tempera-ture to enable heat-deformation thereof.
10. The container subassembly of claim 9 wherein said heat-deformable means comprises a multiplicity of circumferentially spaced, radially extending, depending ribs of thermoplastic material disposed adjacent the perimeter of said top panel so that said ribs overlie said rim.
11. The container subassembly of claim 9 wherein an aperture is provided in said tab adjacent said disc to improve the capability of induction heat sealing said closure to said annular area of said rim.
12. A container subassembly comprising a body having a top rim, a membrane-type closure, an overcap, and means for heat sealing a peripheral section of said closure to said rim along a circumferentially extending seam when heated to a predetermined temperature, said overcap comprising heat-deformable means for uniformly distributing a biasing force from a planar surface to uniformly bias the peripheral section of said closure against said rim when said heat-deformable means is heated to said predetermined temperature whereby the peripheral section of said closure is caused to conform radially and circumferentially to said rim and to be sealingly secured thereto upon applying said biasing force while heating said section, rim, and heat-deformable means to said predetermined temperature, and then cooling said section, rim, and heat-deformable means to a sufficiently low temperature to set said circumferential seam while maintaining said biasing force.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA300,649A CA1061754A (en) | 1974-07-12 | 1978-04-07 | Container subassembly having a membrane-type closure, and method of assembling the subassembly |
| CA300,648A CA1063550A (en) | 1974-07-12 | 1978-04-07 | Container subassembly having a membrane-type closure, and method of assembling the subassembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US488101A US3892351A (en) | 1974-07-12 | 1974-07-12 | Container subassembly having a membrane-type closure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1043292A true CA1043292A (en) | 1978-11-28 |
Family
ID=23938329
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA231,277A Expired CA1043292A (en) | 1974-07-12 | 1975-07-11 | Container subassembly having a membrane-type closure, and method of assembling the subassembly |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3892351A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU8275675A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1043292A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2530240A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES439351A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1507334A (en) |
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| US4044941A (en) * | 1976-04-12 | 1977-08-30 | Knudsen David S | Container closed by a membrane type seal |
| CA1095459A (en) * | 1976-06-07 | 1981-02-10 | Donald H. Ellerbrock | Patch-top containing a closure |
| NO770558L (en) * | 1977-02-18 | 1978-08-21 | Elopak As | PROCEDURE FOR SEALING A PLASTIC LID TO A CONTAINER OF PLASTIC COATED CARTON AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCEDURE |
| US4165011A (en) * | 1977-09-09 | 1979-08-21 | The Continental Group, Inc. | Bonded can top |
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| US4237360A (en) * | 1978-11-06 | 1980-12-02 | Aluminum Company Of America | Induction heat sealing |
| US4280653A (en) * | 1979-10-01 | 1981-07-28 | Boise Cascade Corporation | Composite container including a peelable membrane closure member, and method |
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| SE8302292L (en) * | 1983-04-22 | 1984-10-23 | Johansson Jan Erik | BEAUTY FOR MEDICINE |
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| ES2450928T3 (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2014-03-25 | Obrist Closures Switzerland Gmbh | Method for tightly closing a container with a closure without a block |
| ES2313381T3 (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2009-03-01 | Obrist Closures Switzerland Gmbh | DISPENSING PLUG. |
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| KR20070122515A (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2007-12-31 | 오브리스트 클로저스 스위쩔런드 게엠베하 | A tamper-evident closure |
| GB0608433D0 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2006-06-07 | Obrist Closures Switzerland | Closure with RFID device |
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| GB2450939B (en) | 2007-07-13 | 2012-02-01 | Obrist Closures Switzerland | Tamper-Evident closure |
| GB2450940B (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2011-11-30 | Obrist Closures Switzerland | Tamper-evident closure |
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| GB0816643D0 (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2008-10-22 | Obrist Closures Switzerland | A closure |
| JP5591999B2 (en) * | 2010-04-07 | 2014-09-17 | シールド・エアー・コーポレイション（ユーエス） | Liquid distributor with stepped flange joints |
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| US20140166682A1 (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-19 | Sonoco Development, Inc. | Container and Closure Assembly |
| AU2021280297A1 (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2023-01-19 | Sonoco Development, Inc. | Systems and methods for the high-speed application of paper-based end closures on composite containers |
| EP4282772A1 (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2023-11-29 | R.T. Holding S.r.l. | Process for producing a closure assembly and closure assembly so obtained |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3434651A (en) * | 1967-05-12 | 1969-03-25 | Continental Can Co | Mesh reinforced closure for full opening can |
| US3805993A (en) * | 1970-04-14 | 1974-04-23 | Gen Foods Corp | Closure for metal container |
-
1974
- 1974-07-12 US US488101A patent/US3892351A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1975
- 1975-07-04 AU AU82756/75A patent/AU8275675A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-07-07 DE DE19752530240 patent/DE2530240A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1975-07-11 CA CA231,277A patent/CA1043292A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-07-11 GB GB29262/75A patent/GB1507334A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-07-11 ES ES439351A patent/ES439351A1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US3892351A (en) | 1975-07-01 |
| ES439351A1 (en) | 1977-10-16 |
| GB1507334A (en) | 1978-04-12 |
| AU8275675A (en) | 1977-01-06 |
| DE2530240A1 (en) | 1976-01-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 19951128 |
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| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 19951128 |