BRPI0806147A2 - automatic external defibrillator and method of operation - Google Patents

Abstract

AUTOMATIC EXTERNAL DEFIBRILATOR AND OPERATING METHOD OF THE SAME. The present invention comprises an automated external defibrillator and the method of operation thereof. In particular, the defibrillator is portable, easy to operate, automatically performing heart rate analysis and guiding the user by voice and / or visual signals on the various steps until the electric shock is delivered to recover the patient. In particular, the use of this equipment does not require the operator to be a physician.

Description

Patent Invention Descriptive Report

External Automated Defibrillator ε Method of Operation same.

Field of the Invention

The present invention comprises an automated external defibrillator and the method of operation thereof. In particular, the defibrillator is portable, easy to operate, automatically performing heart rate analysis and guiding the user by voice and / or visual signals on the various steps until the electric shock is delivered to recover the patient. In particular, the use of this equipment does not require specialized doctors. The present invention is primarily in the field of medicine.

Background of the Invention

Automatic External Defibrillator

Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) are portable electronic devices that automatically diagnose cardiac arrhythmias as the patient's ventricular fibrillation and tachycardia and have the ability to treat them using defibrillation, ie the application of electrical therapy (shock) that reverses the arrhythmia, allowing the heart restores the ritmonormal. An AED is an external type when the operator applies the electrodes (or paddles) to the patient's chest, unlike internal defibrillators, which have their electrodes applied directly to the patient's heart. The term automatic refers to the unit's ability to analyze patient condition autonomously, and some units have devoz commands or displays for viewing information.

Some AEDs instruct the user to connect electrodes (paddles) to the patient. With the paddles connected, no person should touch the patient to prevent false readings of the heart rate by the AED. The paddles allow the AED to collect electrical signals from the heart and determine if the patient has an altered heart rate. If the device determines that shock is necessary, it will use the energy from its battery to charge an internal capacitor that stores the energy required to deliver the shock.

Depending on the model of AED1 after shock will analyze the patient's heart signs and issue instructions. The first commercial models of DEA's released single-phase shocks or discharges, with maximum power in the range of 360 J to 400 J. These models have been discontinued and, today, the devices tend to be biphasic with maximum power in the range of 200 Ja 240 J, reducing the risk of burns and damage to the patient's myocardium.

The AED of the present invention has some particular features described herein. During the operation of the AED, the cardiac signals obtained from the patient and used to diagnose their condition are stored in an internal memory device for later consultation by health professionals. The DEA also has an internal microphone and is capable of starting audio recording of the entire environment in which it is being used, from the first moment it goes into operation. All information, both patient clinics, including acquired signals and issued diagnostics, as well as attendance audio recordings, is stored in non-volatile internal memory, and is available for later consultation via the device's USB port and specific application program for reading and retrieval. ("download").

It is also noted that the AED of the present invention has a mission critical system that monitors all equipment operation and internal and external operations, so that all functions and procedures are performed simultaneously when necessary, and the most common failures during distress procedures. The patient (eg disconnection of the pads during care) is detected, signaled and, in some cases, corrected.

Throughout the time the AED of the present invention is in operation, the equipment will guide the attendant user (user who is providing help and operating the AED) by means of beeps, visuals and voice commands at each step of the procedures required for correct care. including, if necessary, the application of electric shock.

In the patent area, some documents describe automatic external defibrillators and their use.

US 6,668,192 describes an AED comprising a power supply and circuit for generating the defibrillation pulse. In particular, the defibrillator also stores information regarding the patient's recovery procedure, such as device operation data and the patient's environment. The present invention differs from this document by automatically instructing the procedure that the user must perform in the patient, a fact not mentioned in that document.

US 6,969,259 describes an AED device that instructs the user through a panel or voice to perform the necessary steps for patient operation, including acquiring patient information such as ECG signals, use identification for adult or pediatric patients, and time to deliver the shock. The device additionally informs the user if the paddles are correctly located on the patient's chest. The present invention differs from that document in that it comprises an intelligent neural network-based electrocardiographic signal detection and analysis system, further instructs the user to perform ventilation procedures and does not require instruction in the occurrence of paddle positioning, since the present invention correctly even with the inverted blades.

WO 2008/057302 describes a wireless multiple monitoring system AED, in which the paddles must be applied to the patient to measure the heart rate of the patient and to start loading the capacitors. The present invention differs from that document in that it does not adopt the wireless monitoring solution and additionally automatically instructs the patient to perform the procedure not cited therein. WO 2008/020369 describes an AED and a method for incorporating the analysis of the ECG and determine whether or not the heart should receive synchronized ocho, alerting physicians to possible alternative therapies. The present invention differs from this document in that it uses a NeuralNetwork algorithm to verify the patient's health status, a fact not mentioned in this document.

WO 2007/148257 describes a defibrillator comprising electrodes, high voltage circuit, interface that receives patient data and controls / delivers shock emission accordingly. The present invention differs from this document by visually and / or soundly guiding the user on how to proceed with the shock, which is not mentioned in said document. In addition, the actuation of the shock is conditioned to the actuation of the indicator button on the device.

Therefore, no information was found suggesting and / or anticipating this document.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is an automatic external defibrillator comprising:

a) means for detecting the patient's heartbeat and / or electrocardiographic quality;

b) means for identifying the patient's cardiac arrhythmias using an intelligent neural network system;

c) means to inform the patient's age range (adult / pediatric);

(d) means for providing the user, by means of audible and / or visual signals, with at least one of the following information:

d1) guidelines for pre-assessment of the patient's health status and performing cardio-respiratory recovery maneuvers;

d2) guidelines for installing the electrodes (paddles) on the patient's thorax d3) procedure for the acquisition of electrocardiographic signals from the patient;

d4) evaluation of the quality of electrode contact with the patient skin;

d5) warns to avoid operator contact with the patient;

d6) emergency service call;

d7) guidance to check the patient's condition;

d8) guidance to perform the patient's heart defibrillation procedure according to the patient's condition;

d9) guidance to perform the patient assessment after the application of electric shock.

e) means for administering patient, environmental and / or appliance information.

It is a further object of the present invention the automatic external defibrillator operating method comprising the steps of:

a) connection of the device to the patient;

b) instruction to the user about the patient's cardiac condition;

c) instruction to the user about the next steps to be performed, according to the patient's cardiac conditions, detected by the device (cardio-respiratory recovery maneuvers);

d) acquisition and / or storage of patient, environmental and / or AED device information;

e) monitoring of all operation and internal and external operations of the equipment, using the embedded operating system critical dismissal.

In a preferred embodiment, the mission critical operating system works so that all functions and procedures are performed simultaneously when necessary and the most common failures during patient distress procedures are detected and corrected.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate the present invention in light of the information described and detailed below.

Figure 1 illustrates the DEA1 block diagram in which some modules are optional and can be updated timely (dashed).

Figure 2 shows the preferred care protocol.

Detailed Description of the Invention

The examples shown here are for the purpose of exemplifying only one possible embodiment of the invention without, but not limited to, such that 10 similar embodiments are within the scope of the invention. Means for detecting the patient's heartbeat

The means for detecting the patient's heartbeat comprises a set of two paddles where the internal electrodes of the patient using electrocardiography equipment are placed on the patient's chest, as directed by the patient himself. By these same blades will be applied, if necessary, the defibrillatory shock.

Means to identify the patient's health status

The means for informing the user of decisions comprise an intelligent Neural Networking system that enables the patient to be recognized and triggered to inform the user of the decision to be made regarding the patient's health. The neural network has been trained to recognize two types of cardiac arrhythmias: those where electric shock is not required, in which case the equipment guides the cardiac massage and cardiopulmonary breathing procedure, and cardiac arrhythmias where electric shock is to be applied. In the latter case, the equipment will clearly guide the attendant of the need for defibrillation and await activation of the shock release button. The AED Recognition has been trained to recognize cardiac arrhythmias even when the electrodes are placed upside down on the patient's chest, without additional guidance. Means to inform the user of decisions

Means for informing the user of decisions comprise visual and / or sound indications and / or voice command given by the user to the defibrillator. In particular, these sequential indications inform steps to be taken until defibrillation, according to the patient's health status.

Means to acquire / save patient information

The means to acquire / save patient information include internal memory device for later consultation by health professionals. The AED also has a built-in microphone and is capable of starting audio recording of the entire environment in which it is being used, from the first time it comes into operation. All information, including patient clinical information, including acquired signals and diagnostics, as well as attendance audio recordings, is stored in non-volatile internal memory and is available for later consultation via the device's USB port and specific application program for reading and retrieval. ("download").

Means to continuously monitor equipment operation:

The DEA has a mission-critical internal operating system, which continuously monitors the operation of the most important modules, functions and procedures, avoiding operating errors, and assuming alternative operations should the most common operating failures or malfunctions occur during service.

Example DEA

The automated external defibrillator of the present invention, as can be seen in Figure 1, comprises a portable, inexpensive, easy-to-operate version, automatically performing heart rate analysis and guiding the user to proceed with electrical shock to recover the patient, teaching their mode of operation. for anyone, not necessarily medically trained. The defibrillator of the present invention comprises a dual-core Soe (RAM + DSP) platform that performs RNA for recognition of cardiopathies. In addition, the present invention is biphasic, allowing a shock of up to 360J, with a capacity for 50 shocks without recharging the battery and a charge time for shock of less than 10 seconds, with a high durability rechargeable battery. This device, besides not interrupting the monitoring to perform internal functions, comprises an intelligent neural network system to recognize the patient's health status.

Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the operation of the AED described herein. Figure 1 illustrates the block diagram of the DEA, in which some modules are optional and can be updated timely (dashed). According to Figure 1, the alphanumeric symbols correspond to: (a) amplifier / instrumentation; (b) buffer; (c) tension; (d) current; (e) impedance (f) ADS8341; (g) 12C; (h) LPC2114; (i) OMAP5912; (j) SPI; (k) 125; (I) 12C; (m) TSC2101; (η) MAX1561; (o) TFT display; (p) LCD display; (1) Electrodes / Defibrillation; (2) ARM7; (3) High voltage control; (4) Energy storage and switching; (5) ADC; (6) DDR memory; (7) DSP; (8) ARM; (9) NOR Flash; (10) Audio + Touchscreen codec; (11) White LED Driver; (12) SD card; (13) USB Pen-Drive Console; (14) IrDA; (15) Wi-Fi; (16) GPRS; (17) Fuel Gauge; (18) High voltage source; (19) Regulator ΟΜΑΡ; (20) Linear Regulator.

Figure 2 shows the preferred care protocol. According to Figure 2, the alphanumeric symbols correspond to: (A) Beginning; (B) self test; (C) Test OK? (C1) C response was negative - Treatment Failed Self test; (D) C response was positive - Tests if electrodes are connected; (E) "Electrodes connected?"; (E1) E response was negative -Follow preprogrammed commands ("Be calmTake sure the patient is conscious" / "Call emergency serviceOpen the airwayTake sure the patient is breathing'7'Ventile twiceCheck the wristVet the electrodes in the boxConnect the electrodes on the (F) E response was positive - "Place the electrodes on the patient"; (G) N = O; (G1) FV / TV recognizer; (H) Measures impedance; (I) "Is there a patient?"; ( 11) If the answer of I was negative, then N = N + 1, go to I2; (I2) N <4 ', if the answer is positive, return to Η; (13) If the answer of 12 was negative - "Check if the electrodes are connected correctly "; (J) If the response of I was positive -" Do not touch the patient, analyzing rhythm "; (K) Analyzing rhythm; (L) Shockable?; (L1) If the answer is negative, follow for the CPR Procedure; (M) If the response is positive, it performs the Treatment - Shockable Patient.

Those skilled in the art will know that this description is not limiting, and may be used in various ways, according to the written information.

Claims (11)

External Automated Defibrillator ε Method of Operation same. Automatic external defibrillator comprising: a) means for detecting the heartbeat and / or quality of the patient's electrocardiographic tracing b) means for identifying the patient's cardiac arrhythmias using an intelligent Neural Network system c) means for reporting the range age of the patient (adult / pediatric), d) means to provide the user, through sound and / or visual signals, at least one of the following information: d1) guidelines for pre-assessment of the patient's health status and performing recovery maneuvers d2) guidelines for installing the electrodes (paddles) on the patient's chest; d3) procedure for acquiring the patient's electrocardiographic signals; d4) assessing the quality of electrode contact with the patient; d5) warns to avoid contact with the patient d6) emergency service call d7) guidance to check patient status d8) guidance to perform defibrillation procedure of the patient's heart according to the same state d9) guidance for conducting the patient assessment following the application of electric shock.e) means for administering patient, environment and / or device information. Defibrillator1 according to claim 1, characterized in that the neural network system recognizes different types of cardiac arrhythmias and guides the user how to proceed in each of them. Defibrillator 1 according to claim 2, characterized in that the cardiac arrhythmias comprise those where electric shock is not required, the user being guided by the equipment on the procedure of cardiac massage and cardio-pulmonary respiration. Defibrillator according to claim 2, characterized in that the cardiac arrhythmias comprise those to which the electric shock is to be applied, the user being instructed by the equipment on the need for defibrillation and waiting for the equipment to be released for the shunt release. Defibrillator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cardiac arrhythmias are recognized even when the electrodes are placed inverted on the patient's chest. 6. Method of operation of the automated external defibrillator characterized by the steps of: a) connecting the device to the patient, b) instructing the user on the patient's cardiac condition in accordance with the decision of the Neural Network System, c) instructing the user on the next steps to be performed, according to the patient's cardiac conditions, detected by the device, such as cardiopulmonary recovery or defibrillation maneuvers; d) acquisition and / or storage of patient, environment and / or AED information; all internal and external equipment operation and operations using the mission-critical embedded operating system. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the neural network system recognizes different types of cardiac arrhythmias and guides the user how to proceed in each of them. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the cardiac arrhythmias comprise those where electric shock is not required, the user being guided by the equipment on the procedure of cardiac massage and cardiopulmonary respiration. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the cardiac arrhythmias comprise those to which the electric shock is to be applied, the user being instructed by the equipment on the need for defibrillation and waiting for the equipment to be released for the shock release. Method according to Claim 6, characterized in that the cardiac arrhythmias are recognized even when the electrodes are placed inverted on the patient's chest. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the mission critical operating system functions so that all functions and procedures are performed simultaneously, when necessary, and the most common failures during patient relief procedures are detected and corrected.