BR112020003505B1 - DURABLE PEST REPELLENT FORMULATIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

DURABLE PEST REPELLENT FORMULATIONS, especially usable to repel pests from objects. Said formulations contain a sticky polymeric composition and may be aqueous formulations and/or devoid of an organic solvent. Furthermore, they exhibit exceptional durability when applied to objects such as plants.

Description

Field of Application and Description of the State of the Art

[0001] The present invention, in some embodiments, relates to insect control and, more particularly, but not exclusively, to formulations for repelling pests such as social insects (e.g., ants), which exhibit improved durability, and the methods that employ it.

[0002] Insects cause considerable damage to plants, both in agriculture and in public and private lawns and gardens. For example, several species of ants cause significant damage to trees, growing crops, and germinating seeds, and cause health and economic problems. Ants, such as fire ants, can also cause damage to substrates such as telephone and electrical wires.

[0003] In general, insects are usually removed from a specific location with an insecticide. However, the use of insecticides raises several important concerns. Most insecticide formulations pose a significant threat to the environment, as they are toxic to plants and animals, including humans, especially when applied over large areas. The use of insecticides still causes environmental concerns, as it can result in contamination of agricultural products, possible contamination of groundwater, etc. Yet, insecticides typically do not discriminate between harmful and useful insects that may be exposed to the insecticide. Furthermore, high reproducibility and the development of resistance to commonly used insecticides make these agents less effective and require the continued development of new insecticides.

[0004] An alternative approach to using insecticides to control certain insects is the use of attractants or repellents. Such agents are particularly useful against social insects (e.g., ants, wasps, termites, and the like) that communicate with others of their species and with the environment largely through active behavioral chemicals. Some of the chemicals cause repellency or inhibition of ongoing behavior and others cause attraction. For example, alarm compounds released from an injured or attacked ant can cause a variety of specific behaviors, including repellency, in nearby ants of the same species.

[0005] Insect repellents typically form a barrier between insects and a specific location where insects should not enter and are therefore also referred to in the art as an “insect barrier” or “insect barricade”.

[0006] Such agents can be applied to surfaces of plants and other animate and non-animate objects that are prone to insect attacks, and reduce or prevent damage caused to these objects.

[0007] Although the use of repellents for agricultural and/or domestic insect management offers several advantages over the use of insecticides, particularly because it prevents the development of resistance, the use of currently known repellents is limited by a substantial loss of activity when over time, due, for example, to chemical and/or physical instability under environmental conditions (e.g. humidity, precipitation, extreme temperatures, oxidation, etc.). Furthermore, most currently known repellents are considered hazardous materials, being unsafe to use and/or environmentally unfriendly.

[0008] For an insect repellent to be effective, it must withstand environmental conditions for an extended period.

[0009] U.S. Patent No. 5,061,478 discloses sprayable bird and pest repellent compositions comprising a sticky polyolefin, a thixotropic agent and an organic solvent. Additional prior art includes U.S. Patent Nos. 3,306,817, 4,822614, and 4,693,889, and EP Patent Applications 84109216.6 and 87101049.2

Brief Description of the Invention

[0010] According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a formulation comprising a tacky polymeric composition, an emulsifying agent or system and water, wherein an amount of water is at least 20 weight percent of the weight total of the formulation, and in which a weight ratio of the polymer and the surface active agent is at least 10:3.

[0011] According to some of the embodiments described here, the sticky polymeric composition comprises or consists of a sticky polymer.

[0012] According to some of the embodiments described here, the sticky polymer is a polyolefin.

[0013] According to some of the embodiments described here, the polyolefin is a polybutene.

[0014] According to some of the embodiments described here, an amount of the sticky polymeric composition varies from 50 to 79.9 weight percent of the total weight of the formulation.

[0015] According to some of the embodiments described here, the sticky polymeric composition is characterized by tackiness of at least 400 N/m2 or at least 450 N/m2 or at least 480 N/m2.

[0016] According to some of the embodiments described here, an amount of the emulsifying agent or system varies from 0.1 to 27 weight percent of the total weight of the formulation.

[0017] According to some of the embodiments described here, the emulsifying agent or system is or comprises a nonionic emulsifying agent.

[0018] According to some of the embodiments described here, the emulsifying agent or system comprises a fatty acid.

[0019] According to some of the embodiments described here, the emulsifying agent or system has an HLB value lower by at least 5% or by at least 10% or by at least 20% of the HLB value necessary to form a stable formulation of the sticky polymeric composition and water.

[0020] According to some of the embodiments described here, the emulsifying agent or system has an HLB value of less than 15.

[0021] According to some of the embodiments described here, the formulation further comprises a thixotropic agent.

[0022] According to some of the embodiments described here, an amount of the thixotropic agent varies from 0.1 to 2 percent by weight.

[0023] According to some of the embodiments described here, the formulation further comprises at least one additional agent selected from a pH adjusting agent, a preservative, a stabilizer, an antifoam agent, a dispersing agent, an antioxidant, an UV stabilizer, an anti-sagging agent, a surface active agent, a plasticizer and a coalescing agent.

[0024] According to some of the embodiments described here, the formulation is in the form of an aqueous dispersion.

[0025] According to some of the embodiments described here, the formulation is packaged in a packaging container configured to dispense the formulation onto a surface of a substrate.

[0026] According to some of the embodiments described here, the formulation is configured for distribution by spreading or painting the formulation on the surface.

[0027] According to some of the embodiments described here, the formulation is characterized by a viscosity ranging from 15000 to 40000 centipoises.

[0028] According to some of the embodiments described here, the formulation is configured for spray distribution of the formulation onto the surface.

[0029] According to some of the embodiments described here, the formulation is characterized by a viscosity ranging from 100 to 15000 centipoises.

[0030] According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a formulation as described herein in any of the respective embodiments and in any combination thereof, for use in repelling a pest from an object.

[0031] According to some of the embodiments described here, the pest is an insect.

[0032] According to some of the embodiments described here, the pest is a social insect.

[0033] According to some of the embodiments described here, the pest is an ant.

[0034] According to some of the embodiments described here, the object is a plant.

[0035] According to some of the embodiments described here, the object is a tree.

[0036] According to some of the embodiments described here, the tree is at least one month old.

[0037] According to some of the embodiments described here, repulsion is effected by applying the formulation to a surface of the object by painting or spreading, and in which an amount of the formulation varies from 0.01 to 1, or from 0.01 to 0.5, or from 0.05 to 0.5, or from 0.04 to 0.2, or from 0.1 to 0.25, or from 0.15 to 0.2, grams per square cm of surface .

[0038] According to some of the embodiments described here, repulsion is carried out by applying the formulation to a surface of the object by spraying, and in which an amount of the formulation varies from 0.01 to 1, or from 0.01 to 0, 5 or 0.01 to 0.3 or 0.04 to 0.3 grams per square cm of surface.

[0039] According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for repelling a pest from an object, the method comprising applying the formulation as described herein in any of the respective embodiments and any combination thereof to the surface of the object and/or close to at least part of the object.

[0040] According to some of the embodiments described here, the pest is an insect.

[0041] According to some of the embodiments described here, the insect is a social insect.

[0042] According to some of the embodiments described here, the insect is an ant.

[0043] According to some of the embodiments described here, the object is a plant.

[0044] According to some of the embodiments described here, the object is a tree.

[0045] According to some of the embodiments described here, the tree is at least one month old.

[0046] According to some of the embodiments described here, the method further comprises reapplication of the formulation after a first period of time, the first period of time being at least 1 month.

[0047] According to some of the embodiments described here, a polymeric film formed after application of the formulation is characterized as remaining adhered to the surface for at least one month, when subjected to environmental conditions.

[0048] According to some of the modalities described here, the application of the formulation to the surface is by painting or spreading.

[0049] According to some of the embodiments described here, an amount of the applied formulation varies from 0.01 to 1, or from 0.01 to 0.5, or from 0.05 to 0.5, or from 0.05 to 0.5, or from 0.04 to 0.3, or from 0.1 to 0.25, or from 0.15 to 0.2 grams per square cm of the surface.

[0050] According to some of the modalities described here, the formulation is applied to the surface by spraying.

[0051] According to some of the embodiments described here, an amount of the applied formulation varies from 0.01 to 1, or from 0.01 to 0.5, or from 0.01 to 0.3, or from 0.04 to 0.3, grams per square cm of surface.

[0052] According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a formulation comprising a sticky polymeric composition and a thixotropic agent, for use in repelling a plant pest.

[0053] According to some of the embodiments described here, the formulation is devoid of an organic solvent.

[0054] According to some of the embodiments described here, the pest is an insect.

[0055] According to some of the embodiments described here, the pest is a social insect.

[0056] According to some of the embodiments described here, the pest is an ant.

[0057] According to some of the embodiments described here, the plant is a tree.

[0058] According to some of the modalities described here, repulsion is carried out by applying the formulation to a plant trunk.

[0059] According to some of the embodiments described here, the application is by painting or spreading, and in which the formulation is configured for distribution by painting or spreading.

[0060] According to some of the embodiments described here, the application is by spraying and in which the formulation is configured for distribution by spraying.

[0061] According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for repelling a pest from a plant, the method comprising applying a formulation comprising a sticky polymeric composition and a thixotropic agent to a trunk of the plant.

[0062] According to some of the embodiments described here, the formulation is devoid of an organic solvent.

[0063] According to some of the embodiments described here, the pest is an insect, for example, a social insect, for example, an ant.

[0064] According to some of the embodiments described here, the plant is a tree.

[0065] According to some of the modalities described here, the method according to these modalities further comprises reapplication of the formulation after a first period of time, the first period of time being at least 1 month.

[0066] According to some of the embodiments described here, a polymeric film formed after application of the formulation is characterized as remaining adhered to the surface for at least one month, when subjected to environmental conditions.

[0067] According to some of the modalities described here, applying the formulation to the plant trunk is by painting or spreading.

[0068] According to some of the modalities described here, the formulation is applied to the surface by spraying.

[0069] According to some of the embodiments described here, an amount of the applied formulation varies from 0.01 to 0.2, or from 0.01 to 0.15, or from 0.02 to 0.15, or from 0. .04 to 0.15 grams per square cm of trunk.

[0070] According to some of the embodiments described here, the sticky polymeric composition comprises or consists of a sticky polymer.

[0071] According to some of the embodiments described here, the sticky polymer is a polyolefin.

[0072] According to some of the embodiments described here, the polyolefin is a polybutene.

[0073] According to some of the embodiments described here, a concentration of the thixotropic agent varies from 1 to 10 weight percent of the total weight of the formulation.

[0074] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and/or scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as is commonly understood by a person skilled in the art to which the invention relates. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in practicing or testing embodiments of the invention, exemplary methods and/or materials are described below. In case of conflict, the patent specification, including definitions, will prevail. Furthermore, the materials, methods and examples are illustrative only and are not intended to be necessarily limiting.

[0075] Implementation of the method and/or system of embodiments of the invention may involve performing or completing selected tasks manually, automatically, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, depending on the actual instrumentation and equipment of the embodiments of the method and/or system of the invention, various selected tasks may be implemented by hardware, software or firmware or a combination thereof using an operating system.

[0076] For example, hardware for performing selected tasks in accordance with embodiments of the invention may be implemented as a chip or a circuit. As software, tasks selected in accordance with embodiments of the invention can be implemented as a plurality of software instructions being executed by a computer using any suitable operating system. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, one or more tasks in accordance with exemplary method and/or system embodiments as described herein are performed by a data processor, such as a computing platform for executing a plurality of instructions. Optionally, the data processor includes volatile memory for storing instructions and/or data and/or non-volatile storage, e.g., a magnetic hard disk and/or removable media, for storing instructions and/or data. Optionally, a network connection is also provided. A monitor and/or a user input device such as a keyboard or mouse is also optionally provided.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0077] Some embodiments of the invention are described here, by way of example only, with reference to the attached drawings. With specific reference now to the drawings in detail, it is emphasized that the data shown are by way of example and for purposes of illustrative discussion of embodiments of the invention. In this regard, the description taken together with the drawings makes it clear to those skilled in the art how embodiments of the invention can be practiced.

[0078] In the drawings: - FIG. 1 presents a schematic illustration showing an exemplary mode of applying a formulation in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. - FIGS. 2A-B present photographs showing an exemplary way of applying a formulation according to some embodiments of the present invention to the trunk of a lemon tree, using a sponge (FIG. 2A), and the film obtained thereon (FIG. 2B). - FIGS. 3A-C present photographs showing an exemplary experimental setup usable in determining the tackiness of a formulation as described herein in accordance with ASTM D6195. - FIGS. 4A-C show photographs of a lemon tree (FIGS. 4A and 4B) and a persimmon tree (FIG. 4C), having an exemplary formulation in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention applied thereto.

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0079] The present invention, in some embodiments thereof, relates to insect control and, more particularly, but not exclusively, to formulations for repelling pests, such as insects (e.g., ants), which exhibit greater durability, and to methods that employ them.

[0080] Before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, it should be understood that the invention is not necessarily limited in its application to the details set forth in the following description or exemplified by the Examples. The invention is capable of other embodiments or of being practiced or carried out in various ways.

[0081] As discussed above, current methodologies for controlling pests, such as insects, involve the use of pesticides, which are environmentally hazardous, toxic to plants and animals, and are further characterized by decreased effectiveness due to the development of resistance to they. Alternative methodologies, which use pest repellents, are typically characterized by insufficient durability to environmental conditions (e.g. precipitation, humidity), require frequent repeated applications (e.g. due to decreasing efficiency over time). Most currently known pest repellents are also considered environmentally hazardous and phytotoxic.

[0082] In search of improved formulations for pest control, the present inventors designed and successfully practiced a new formulation for repelling pests such as insects, which was particularly useful as an ant repellent when applied to trees and other agricultural products. The newly designed formulations exhibit high repellent efficacy and are further characterized by exceptional durability, even under extreme environmental conditions (e.g. temperature and humidity). Thus, newly designed formulations remain stable and adhered to a substrate to which they are applied for a period of at least one, two or three months and even for longer periods, thus avoiding frequent repeated applications.

[0083] The newly designed formulations are preferably devoid of organic solvents, making the preparation and use of these formulations easy to use and non-hazardous to the environment when applied to plants, and allow for safe transportation, storage and handling, avoiding need to use the necessary means for dangerous products.

[0084] The newly designed formulations are therefore non-toxic, environmentally and user-friendly and exhibit exceptional durability and repellency effectiveness.

[0085] Some of the newly designed formulations are aqueous formulations and include a sticky polymer or a sticky polymeric composition, water and an emulsifying agent. Once applied to a surface of a substrate from which pests (e.g. insects) are to be repelled, these formulations form, by evaporation of water, a transparent sticky film that prevents pests from coming into contact with the substrate. These formulations are characterized by viscosity that allows direct application to the substrate surface, prior to the rapid formation of a film that stably adheres to the substrate surface. Although they are aqueous, these formulations are not washable when exposed to water after irrigation or to environmental humidity and/or precipitation and are also stable when exposed to the sun or any other heat and/or light source.

[0086] Without being bound by any particular theory, it is assumed that the emulsifying agent allows the formulation of the sticky polymeric composition in an aqueous solution, where once the water evaporates after application, the sticky polymeric composition forms an adhesive film , and the emulsifying agent is no longer active and no longer interacts with an external water source.

[0087] The use of an aqueous dispersion of the sticky polymeric composition allows a high concentration of the sticky polymeric composition to be incorporated into the formulation, without adversely affecting its rheological properties, thus providing greater effectiveness compared to organic formulations that comprise a substantial concentration of organic solvents.

[0088] Other newly designed formulations comprise a sticky polymeric composition and a thixotropic agent and are devoid of volatile substances, including water.

[0089] The newly designed formulations are particularly useful for application to tree trunks, but can be used to repel pests from other locations, including animate and non-animate objects, as detailed below.

[0090] The newly designed formulations are useful in controlling social insects such as ants, termites and wasps. The stickiness of the applied formulation is felt by insects when they come into contact and/or approach the formulation and gives an unsafe feeling that prevents subsequent attempts.

[0091] Embodiments of the present invention relate to new aqueous pest repellent formulations and their uses for repelling pests such as insects from an object that is prone to pest infestation.

[0092] Embodiments of the present invention further refer to the use of a non-aqueous formulation to repel pests such as plant insects.

The aqueous formulation:

[0093] According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a pest repellent formulation (e.g., an insect repellent formulation) comprising a sticky polymeric composition, water and an emulsifying agent.

[0094] According to some of the embodiments described here, water is present in the formulation in an amount of at least 20% by weight of the total weight of the formulation and may be, for example, in an amount ranging from 20 to 30 per cent. percent by weight, including any intermediate values and subranges between them.

[0095] In some of the embodiments described here, the formulation is devoid of an organic solvent.

[0096] By “devoid of”, it is meant that an amount of organic solvent is not more than 2%, or more than 1%, or more than 0.5%, or more than 0.1%, or more than 0.5%, or not more than 0.1%, or not more than 0.05%, or not more than 0.01%, by weight, and may be even less or zero.

[0097] In the context of these embodiments, an organic solvent encompasses one or more saturated and unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, saturated and unsaturated alicyclic hydrocarbons, saturated and unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbons, aliphatic alcohols, ethers, esters and ketones.

[0098] According to some of the embodiments described here, the formulation is such that it forms a polymeric film when water evaporates. The polymeric film comprises the sticky polymeric composition, the emulsifying agent and any other non-volatile component present in the formulation, in addition to water.

[0099] According to some of the embodiments described here, a proportion by weight of the polymeric composition and the emulsifying agent is sufficient to promote the formation, and/or stabilize, a dispersion of the polymer in an aqueous solution, even if it is insufficient to promote interactions between the polymeric film formed when water evaporates from the formulation and an external source of water, i.e., is insufficient to allow dispersion of the polymeric film in water or in an aqueous solution when the polymeric film comes into contact with water or an aqueous solution.

[0100] In some embodiments, a weight ratio of the tacky polymeric composition and the emulsifying agent is at least 10:3 or at least 10:2 (5:1), such that the weight of the emulsifying agent is not greater than 1/3 of the weight of the sticky polymeric composition in the formulation. In some embodiments, a weight ratio of the tacky polymeric composition (e.g., the tacky polymers) and the emulsifying agent is 3:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1 and is preferably 10:1, 11:1, 12:1, 13:1, 14:1, 15:1, 16:1, 17:1, 18:1, 19:1, 20:1, 50:1 or higher.

[0101] Here, and in the prior art, the term “sticky” is also referred to as “adhesive” or “sticky” and describes a property of being cohesive and sticky. Sticky materials are typically capable of adhering to solid surfaces, and although they are adhering to surfaces, they are capable of adhering to additional objects.

[0102] The stickiness, or adhesiveness, of a material or composition can be determined as the work or force required to overcome the attractive forces between the sticky material or composition and a surface to which it is adhered. There are several tests known in the art for determining the tackiness of materials or compositions.

[0103] In some of the embodiments described here, a sticky polymeric composition or a sticky polymer is defined as a polymeric composition characterized by a tackiness of at least 400 N/m2 or at least 450 N/m2 or at least 480 N/m2, when determined by a loop adhesion strength test in accordance with ASTM D6195. An exemplary essay is described in the Examples section below.

[0104] In some of the embodiments described here, a tacky polymeric composition is defined as a polymeric composition characterized by a tackiness ranging from about 400 N/m2 to about 3000 N/m2, from about 480 N/m2 to about of 2400 N/m2, including any intermediate values and subranges therebetween, or, for example, about 480 N/m2, or about 500 N/m2, or about 800 N/m2, or about 800 N/m2 m2, or about 1000 N/m2, or about 1500 N/m2, or about 2000 N/m2, when determined by a loop adhesion strength test in accordance with ASTM D6195.

[0105] Here, the phrase “tacky polymeric composition” encompasses a sticky polymeric material, as defined herein, per se, or a composition comprising a polymeric material (including a sticky polymeric material) and one or more additives that can provide the composition with the aforementioned stickiness when combined with the selected polymeric material.

[0106] Such additives include, for example, a plasticizer and/or an adhesive agent. Non-limiting examples include low molecular weight polyolefin (e.g., polybutene with a MW of 300 to 800, or 300 to 500 grams/mol), chlorine-substituted paraffin, paraffin oil or wax, naphthenic oil, aromatic oil, plasticizers phthalate base (e.g., 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid d-isononyl ester, bis(2-propylheptyl phthalate), Hexamol Dinch, Emulten, petroleum gel, low melting point wood resin, polyethylene wax, bitumen, polyterpene resin, phenolic terpene resin (e.g., a material marketed as DERMULSENE DT by DRT), aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon resin, gum resin triethylene glycol ester, as, for example, marketed as YT 342 by YSER , and liquid resins with a low softening point, such as resins available as a dispersion in an acidic aqueous solution or as dispersible solids that have a softening point of at least 70, such as, for example, those marketed as MEGATAC MP81, P 750 (by YSER ), and pine resin 257.2 (by Pine Resins).

[0107] By “softening point”, we mean the temperature at which a bituminous material softens. It can be determined, for example, by the Vicat method (ASTM-D1525 or ISO 306), Thermal Deflection Test (ASTM-D648) or the ring and ball method (ISO 4625 or ASTM E28-67/E28-99 or ASTM D36 or ASTM D6493-11).

[0108] The phrase “polymeric material” encompasses homopolymers, copolymers and a mixture of two or more homopolymers, two or more copolymers or one or more homopolymers and one or more copolymers. Examples of polymeric materials that are usable in the context of the present embodiments, as tacky polymeric materials or as part of a tacky polymeric composition, include, among others, polyolefins, particularly polymers or copolymers of olefins having 3 or 4 carbon atoms, such as polypropylene. , polybutenes (polybutylene) and polyisobutylene (polyisobutene).

[0109] Additional, non-limiting examples of usable polymeric materials (e.g., sticky) include polyacrylates, butyl rubber, polyisoprene, natural rubber - solid or latex, SIS - styrene isoprene styrene, SBS - styrene butadiene styrene, SEBS - styrene ethylene butylene styrene, vinyl acrylate, vinyl acetate, and polyurethanes.

[0110] The phrase “sticky polymeric material” is also referred to herein interchangeably as “sticky polymer”.

[0111] In some embodiments, the sticky polymeric composition comprises or consists of a sticky polymeric material, as described herein.

[0112] In some embodiments, the sticky polymeric material is a polyolefin as described herein.

[0113] The sticky polymeric materials as described herein are typically high molecular weight polymers, for example, with a molecular weight of at least 1,000 Daltons or at least 1,500 Daltons or at least 2,000 Daltons

[0114] In exemplary embodiments, the sticky polymeric material is a polybutene, preferably a polybutene with a molecular weight of at least 2,000 Daltons, for example, about 2,300 Daltons.

[0115] In some embodiments, the sticky polymeric composition comprises a polymer, including a sticky polymeric material as described herein, and a plasticizer.

[0116] Examples of polymeric compositions that provide a tackiness as defined herein include, among others, the following: a polybutene with a molecular weight of at least 2,000 Daltons, for example, about 2,300 Daltons (also referred to herein as butyl rubber) and low molecular weight polybutenes, as defined herein, in a ratio of, for example, 2:1; isoprene rubber and paraffin oil, in a ratio of, for example, 2:1; butadiene rubber and paraffin oil and wood resin, in a ratio of, for example, 2:1:1; polyacrylate and a liquid resin as described herein and a phthalate plasticizer (e.g., as described herein), in a ratio of, for example, 2:1:3; styrene-isoprene-styrene rubber and paraffin oil and wood resin, in a ratio of, for example, 2:2:1; and styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) rubber and paraffin oil and wood resin, in a ratio of, for example, 2:2:1.

[0117] Other suitable compositions are also contemplated. Those skilled in the art can readily determine compositions that qualify as tacky polymeric compositions as described herein (e.g., using the assay as described herein to determine tackiness).

[0118] In some of the embodiments described here, an amount of the sticky polymeric material (e.g., a polyolefin as described here) or a sticky polymeric composition (e.g., as described herein) is at least 40, preferably at least 50, more preferably at least 60 weight percent of the total weight of the formulation.

[0119] In some of the embodiments described here, an amount of the tacky polymeric material or a tacky polymeric composition ranges from about 40 to about 79, or from about 50 to about 79, or from about 60 to about 79 , or from about 60 to about 75, or from about 60 to about 70 weight percent of the total weight of the formulation, including any intermediate value and subranges therebetween.

[0120] In some of the embodiments described here, an amount of the emulsifying agent is such that it meets a weight ratio in relation to the sticky polymer, as described here.

[0121] In some of the embodiments described here, an amount of the emulsifying agent ranges from about 0.1 to about 33, or from about 0.1 to about 20, or from about 0.1 to about 16 , or from about 1 to about 16, or from about 1 to about 8, or from about 1 to about 5, or from about 2 to about 5 weight percent of the total weight of the formulation, including any intermediate values and subranges between them.

[0122] As used herein, the phrase “emulsifying agent” is also referred to as “emulsifier” and describes a chemical substance that acts as a stabilizer for emulsions, preventing the separation of liquids that are immiscible with each other, typically increasing the kinetic stability of the emulsion, for example, reducing the interfacial tension between liquids.

[0123] Emulsifying agents typically have a lipophilic group and a hydrophilic group and can be classified as ionic (e.g., cationic, anionic or zwitterionic) or non-ionic agents.

[0124] Representative examples of nonionic agents that are usable in the context of the present embodiments include, without limitation, alkylphenol polyethoxylates, glyceryl polyethoxylate esters and organic ether polyethoxylates derived from fatty acids, including, but not limited to, polysorbate 60, sorbitan ethoxylate, sorbitan palmitate ethoxylate, sorbitan oleate ethoxylate, fatty alcohol ethoxylates, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers (POE), C11 branched oxoalcohol with 5 mol EO, and any combinations thereof.

[0125] Examples of anionic surfactants include, among others, alkyl phosphate, alkyl carboxylate, alkyl sulfate and alkylsulfonate type surfactants, including, for example, free organic acids (e.g., fatty), organic phosphate esters, α-olefinsulfonate and salts thereof, and alkaline salts of sulfosuccinic acid half-esters (e.g., sodium sulfosuccinic acid dioctyl ester).

[0126] Some exemplary anionic surfactants include, among others, alginic acid sodium salt, ALKANOL® 189-S, Capstone® FS-66, glycolic acid ethoxylate 4-tert-butylphenyl ether, glycolic acid ethoxylate lauryl ether, ether glycolic acid lauryl ethoxylate, glycolic acid lauryl ether ethoxylate, glycolic acid 4-nonylphenyl ether ethoxylate, glycolic acid oleyl ether ethoxylate, poly(ethylene glycol) 4-nonylphenyl ether 3-sulfopropyl ether salt, Zonyl® FSA 25 fluorosurfactant % in % by weight of Li carboxylated salt in water: isopropyl alcohol (1:1), and Zonyl® UR fluorosurfactant.

[0127] Examples of surface cationic agents include, among others, long-chain quaternized ammonium compounds, for example, behenyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, benzyl tetradecyl-dimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl pridinium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride , dimethyl ammonium chloride dihydrogenated with tallow, dimethylstearyl ammonium chloride, dimethylstearylbenzyl ammonium chloride, lauryl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, lauryl trimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, trimethylacetyl ammonium bromide and phosphate tris-(oligo-oxyethyl) alkylammonium.

[0128] Examples of zwitterionic surface agents include betaines (such as fatty acids amidoalkylbetaine and sulfobetaine) and long-chain alkylamino acids (such as cocoaminoacetate, cocoaminopropionate, sodium cocoaminopropionate and sodium cocoaminoacetate).

[0129] Table 1 below lists examples of surface active agents that are usable in the context of the present embodiments, and an example of a supplier thereof.

[0130] In some of the embodiments described here, the emulsifying agent is a nonionic agent.

[0131] Non-ionic emulsifying agents can further be categorized as hydrophobic or hydrophilic and are typically characterized by a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value, which is determined by calculating values for the different regions of the molecule.

[0132] In some embodiments, emulsifying agents usable in the context of the present embodiments are selected according to their HLB value, as determined by the Davies method [Davies JT (1957), Proceedings of the International Congress of Surface Activity, p. 426-38].

[0133] In some of the embodiments described here, the emulsifying agent is such that it exhibits an HLB value lower than the HLB value recommended (e.g., in the prior art) for a stable emulsion of the tacky polymer composition in an aqueous solution (e.g. example, water) at the selected concentration.

[0134] In some embodiments, the HLB of the emulsifying agent is lower by 5 to 50%, or by 10 to 50%, including any intermediate, of the recommended HLB value to provide a stable emulsion of a selected tacky polymer composition, as described here.

[0135] In some embodiments, the HLB value of the emulsifying agent is lower by 5%, or by 8%, or by 10%, or by 12%, or by 15%, or by 20%, or by 22%, or by 25%, or by 28%, or by 30%, or by 32%, or by 35%, or by 38%, or by 40%, and even lower, for example, by 50%, of the value of HLB recommended to provide a stable emulsion of a selected tacky polymeric composition as described herein.

[0136] In some of the embodiments described here, the emulsifying agent is selected as a non-phytotoxic surface active agent.

[0137] In some of the embodiments described here, the emulsifying agent is actually an emulsifying system comprising two or more emulsifying agents.

[0138] In some of these embodiments, the emulsifying system is selected as having an HLB as described herein in any of the respective embodiments, for example, an HLB value that is less than the recommended value for a selected sticky polymer composition.

[0139] Any two or more of the emulsifying agents described herein can be combined to form the emulsifying system. In some embodiments, the emulsifying system comprises two or more of the agents set forth in Table 1.

[0140] In some embodiments, the emulsifying agent or system comprises a fatty acid. Examples of fatty acids usable in the context of the present embodiments include, among others, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic acid, Y-linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, elaidic acid, erucic acid, and nervous acid. Unsaturated fatty acids include fatty acids with one or more double bonds, and each bond can have a cis or trans configuration.

[0141] In some of the embodiments described here, an amount of fatty acid varies from 0.05 to 5, or from 0.5 to 5, or from 0.5 to 5, or from 0.5 to 3, or from 1 to 5, or from 1 to 3, of the total weight of the formulation, including any intermediate values and subranges between them.

[0142] In some of the embodiments described here, the emulsifying agent is an emulsifying system comprising a nonionic agent, such as, for example, one or more alkylphenol polyethoxylates, glyceryl polyethoxylate esters and organic ether polyethoxylates derived from fatty acids, including, but not limited to, polysorbate 60, sorbitan stearate ethoxylate, sorbitan palmitate ethoxylate, sorbitan oleate ethoxylate, fatty alcohol ethoxylates, fatty alcohol ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers (POE), C11 branched oxoalcohol with 5 mol EO, and one or more fatty acids.

[0143] In some of these embodiments, an amount of fatty acid varies from 0.05 to 5, or from 0.5 to 5, or from 0.5 to 3, or from 1 to 3, or from 1 to 2, of the total weight of the formulation, including any intermediate value and subranges therebetween, and the amount of the other emulsifying agent or agents is determined in accordance with the weight ratio of the emulsifying system and the tacky polymer composition, as described herein, and/or from according to the HLB value (below recommended), as described here.

[0144] In exemplary embodiments, the tacky polymeric composition consists of or comprises a high MW polyolefin, as described herein, and in some embodiments, is a high MW polybutene. To obtain stable aqueous emulsions of these sticky polymers, it is generally recommended to use an emulsifying agent or system that exhibits an HLB value greater than 15 (e.g., 17).

[0145] In exemplary embodiments, the formulation of the present embodiments comprises an emulsifying agent or system that exhibits an HLB value of less than 15 and that is, for example, 14, 13 or 12.

[0146] In exemplary embodiments, this emulsifying agent or system is or comprises a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether (POE), preferably a nonylphenol ethoxylate such as NP-6 (nonylphenol ethoxylate, 6 ethylene oxide units). In exemplary embodiments, the emulsifying agent or system further comprises a fatty acid, e.g., oleic acid.

[0147] According to some of the embodiments described here, the formulation comprises water, polybutene and a nonylphenol ethoxylate.

[0148] According to some of the embodiments described here, the formulation comprises water, polybutene, a nonylphenol ethoxylate and a fatty acid (for example, oleic acid).

[0149] According to some of these embodiments, polybutene has a molecular weight of about 2300 Daltons.

[0150] According to some of these exemplary embodiments, an amount of polybutene is about 50 to 70 (e.g., about 67) weight percent, an amount of nonylphenol ethoxylate is about 3.9 to 4 percent by weight. by weight, the remainder being water and, optionally, organic fatty acid, a pH adjusting agent and/or any of the other additional substances as described herein. This formulation is suitable for application by painting or spreading, as discussed in more detail below.

[0151] According to some of these exemplary embodiments, an amount of polybutene is 50 to 70 (e.g., about 55) weight percent, an amount of nonylphenol ethoxylate is 6 to 15 (e.g., about 13) percent by weight, and the remainder is water and optionally organic fatty acid, a pH adjusting agent and/or any of the other additional substances as described herein. This formulation is suitable for spray application, as discussed in more detail below.

[0152] In some of the embodiments described herein, the formulation further comprises a pH adjusting agent, preferably an alkaline substance (also referred to herein as an alkalizing agent), to adjust the pH of the formulation from about 6 to about 9, or from about 6.5 to about 8.5.

[0153] Suitable alkalizing agents include, for example, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, ammonia (e.g., ammonium hydroxide), ammonium carbonate, diethanolamine, monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, sodium hydroxide. potassium, magnesium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium borate, sodium dibasic phosphate and trolamine. Food acids and bases such as allantoin, bisabolol, pyroglutamic acids and salts thereof are also suitable.

[0154] In some embodiments, the alkalizing agent is a volatile substance, as defined herein. Examples of such agents include, by way of non-limiting examples, ammonia, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoethanolamine, trolamine and bisabolol.

[0155] The amount of the alkalizing agent is selected to achieve the desired pH, preferably without damaging the stability of the emulsion, and can be determined by any person skilled in the art.

[0156] In some embodiments, the alkalizing agent is introduced into the formulation as an alkaline aqueous solution.

[0157] According to some of the embodiments described here, the formulation further comprises one or more additional substances that can provide the formulation with additional properties as desired.

[0158] Such additional substances (ingredients, components) may include, for example, a thickening agent, a preservative (e.g. for can and dry film protection), a stabilizer (e.g. a dispersion stabilizer or a suspension), a plasticizer (e.g., as defined herein), an antifoam agent, an antioxidant, a UV stabilizer, a coalescing agent, an antisagging agent, and surface active agents (other than the emulsifying agent or system as herein described).

[0159] In some of the embodiments described here, the formulation comprises a thickening agent, to provide the formulation with a viscosity that is suitable for the intended use and mode of application. Any of the commonly known thickening agents are contemplated. Representative examples include, among others, guar gum, xanthan gum (E415), a hydroxyethyl cellulose (e.g., those marketed as Cellosize™ PCG-10; Cellosize™ QP 30000H; and Cellosize™ QP 100MH), a didroxypropylmethylcellulose (e.g. , those marketed as Methocel™ 40-0101; Methocel™ 856N; and Methocel™ K100M PRM), an ethyl cellulose (e.g., those marketed as ETHOCEL™ Std 45 Premium; and ETHOCEL™ Std 100 Premium), a cellulose gum (e.g. example, those marketed as Walocel™ CRT 50000; and Walocel™ CRT 40000), a polyacrylate (e.g., those marketed as ACRYSOL™ ASE-1000; ACRYSOL™ RM-5000; ACRYSOL™ SCT-275; and ACRYSOL™ RM-2020 -AND).

[0160] Other non-limiting examples include polysaccharides derived from brown algae, such as alginic acid (E400), sodium alginate (E401), potassium alginate (E402), ammonium alginate (E403), calcium alginate (E404), polysaccharide derived from red algae such as agar and agarose (E406), carrageenan (E407), natural gums from terrestrial plants such as arabinoxylan, cellulose and carboxymethylcellulose, curdlan gum, gellan gum (E418), gum arabic, starch and locust bean gum (E410 ), which is a polysaccharide extracted from carob seeds, pectin (E440) a polysaccharide extracted from apple or citrus fruits, and protein substances such as gelatin (E441), produced by partial hydrolysis of collagen of animal origin, and any combinations of same and with other synthetic or mineral-based substances suitable for use in food products.

[0161] In some embodiments, the formulation further comprises a thixotropic agent.

[0162] As set forth herein, a “thixotropic agent” refers to an agent that increases the viscosity of a liquid when added to a liquid. As known in the art, “thixotropy” is a reversible behavior of viscous liquids (e.g., gels) that liquefy (e.g., exhibit reduced viscosity) when subjected to shear stress, such as shaking or shaking, or other disturbances.

[0163] A viscous liquid containing a thixotropic agent exhibits thixotropy, in which viscosity is reduced under stress (e.g., stirring, heating and/or applying shear forces). When a thixotropic agent is added to a formulation as described herein, the ingredients in a formulation can be easily mixed by stirring, as the viscosity is reduced during stirring, but the viscosity of the formulation increases when stirring ceases and, as a result, the formulation is relatively resistant to component separation. Furthermore, the formulation can be applied under shear forces, which reduce the viscosity of the formulation and facilitate its application; however, upon application, the viscosity of the formulation is reversed to provide a desired viscosity.

[0164] Examples of thixotropic agents suitable for use in the context of the present embodiments include, among others, amorphous silica, such as fumed silica (available, for example, as Aerosil® and CabO-Sil® products), kieselguhr, gums (e.g. xanthan gum, guar gum, locust bean gum, alginates), cellulose derivatives, starches, polymers (e.g., polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylates, hydrophobically modified polyacrylates), emulsifiers, and clay derivatives (e.g., treated magnesium aluminum silicate with amine, bentonite colloidal silicic acid, white smectite clays and bleaching earth, attapulgite, mica, synthetic magnesium phyllosilicates (Laponite), layered silicates, modified smectites, hectorite, and sepiolite.

[0165] In exemplary embodiments, the thixotropic agent is a silica-containing thixotropic agent and, in some embodiments, comprises highly amorphous silica, such as fumed silica.

[0166] An amount of the thixotropic agent, if present, ranges from 0.01 to 2, or from about 0.01 to about 1, or from about 0.05 to about 0.5, or from about 0.05 to about 2, or is about 0.1 weight percent of the total weight of the formulation, including anything in between.

[0167] Examples of antifoam and/or antifoam agents that are suitable for use in the context of the present invention include, among others, oil emulsions, such as, for example, those marketed as Airase 4500 (Air products), Airase 4750V (Air products ), Airase 4800 (Air products) and Surfynol DF-220 (Air products); polymeric defoamers, such as those marketed as BYK-011, BYK-012 and BYK-354, and silicone-based defoamers (e.g. polysiloxanes), such as those marketed as BYK 024, BYK 019, BYK-021 and AF-52™.

[0168] Examples of preserving agents (preservatives) that are suitable for use in the context of the present invention include, among others, formaldehyde and alkyl hydroxybenzoates; preferably the preserving agent is a mixture of methyl and propyl hydroxybenzoates. Exemplary preservatives are those marketed as MERGAL K14 (troy) and Acticide MBS (Thor).

[0169] Examples of dispersing or dispersing agents include, among others, alcohol ethoxylates as, for example, marketed as TERGITOL 15S20 (Dow) and alkylsulfonates as, for example, marketed as DBS-60-T (Deforest Enterprises).

[0170] Suitable coalescing agents include those that are amphiphilic and can be dissolved in an aqueous solution and in a polymer, as described here. Examples include, without limitation, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and the commercial product marketed as DOWANOL*DM (Dow).

[0171] Examples of UV stabilizers and antioxidants include, among others, benzotriazole-based UV absorbers, marketed as Tinuvin DW 99, triazine-based UV absorbers, as marketed as Tinuvin DW 400, and those marketed as Tinuvin 1130 , Mayzo BLS 99-2, Eversorb ST14036, Eversorb AQ6, NanoBYK 3820, NanoBYK 3840, NanoBYK 3860, Tinuvin DW 123, Mayzo BLS 292, Mayzo BLS 292, Mayzo BLS 123, Eversorb AQ5.

[0172] Examples of surface active agents usable in the context of the present embodiments include, for example, leveling agents and wetting agents, including, but not limited to, silicon-based materials, such as, but not limited to, those marketed as BYK 333, BYK 348, BYK 349 and BYK-410, and non-silicon materials such as, but not limited to, those marketed as Deuteron OG 863, Deuteron OG 8670, BYK 3410 and BYK-DYNWET 800N.

[0173] Exemplary anti-sagging agents include, among others, a urea-modified polyurethane, as marketed as BYK 425, and sepiolite, as marketed as Pangel AD. In some of the embodiments described herein, the formulation is in the form of an aqueous suspension or dispersion, in which particles of the polymers are dispersed or suspended in the aqueous medium, whereby the surface active agent and optionally a stabilizer and a thixotropic agent provide the stability of dispersion or suspension.

[0174] In some of the embodiments described here, the formulation is devoid of (as defined herein) a pesticide such as, for example, an insecticide. In some of the embodiments described herein, the formulation is devoid of a substance that is toxic to the target pest (e.g., the target insect), as defined herein.

[0175] An exemplary formulation is described in the Examples section below.

Non-aqueous formulations:

[0176] In accordance with an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a formulation comprising a sticky polymer, as described herein in any of the respective embodiments and any combination thereof, and a thixotropic agent, as described herein in any one. of the respective modalities and any combination thereof.

[0177] In accordance with some embodiments of this aspect of the present invention, the concentration of the thixotropic agent varies from about 1 to about 10, or from about 1 to about, or from about 2 to about 6, or from about 3 to about 5, or from about 3.5 to about 4, or about 3.85 weight percent of the total weight of the formulation.

[0178] According to some of the embodiments described here for this aspect of the present invention, the formulation is devoid of an organic solvent, as defined herein.

[0179] According to some of the embodiments described here for this aspect of the present invention, the formulation is devoid of (as described here) water.

[0180] According to some of the embodiments described here for this aspect of the present invention, the formulation is devoid of (as defined herein) a volatile substance.

[0181] Here, the phrase “volatile substance” describes a material with a boiling temperature above 150 °C.

[0182] According to some of the embodiments described here for this aspect of the present invention, the formulation further comprises one or more additional agents, as described here in any of the respective embodiments. Examples of such agents include, for example, a thickening agent, a preservative, an antifoam agent, an antioxidant, a UV stabilizer, a coalescing agent and an antisagging agent, as these are described herein.

[0183] According to the present embodiments, a formulation as described herein as a “non-aqueous formulation” is for use in repelling a plant pest.

Properties and settings:

[0184] In some of the embodiments described here, the formulation is characterized by tackiness of at least 400 N/m2, for example, in a range of about 480 N/m2 to about N/m2, when the tackiness is determined as described here.

[0185] In some of the embodiments described here, a formulation according to any of the respective embodiments is characterized as highly durable.

[0186] By “durable”, we mean that the formulation maintains at least one activity feature for an extended period when exposed to environmental conditions.

[0187] According to the present embodiments, an extended period of time is at least one month and is preferably 2, 3 and even more months.

[0188] By “environmental conditions”, we mean temperature, light, humidity, precipitation, irrigation and any other environmental condition to which the formulation (or an object to which it is applied) is exposed. Such conditions depend on the geographic area and season in which the formulation is used, and this term encompasses all such conditions, including a temperature in the range of -10 °C to 50 °C; humidity between 0 and 90%, precipitation or irrigation and sunlight at any wavelength, including UV.

[0189] In some of the embodiments described here, the formulation is UV-durable, such that it maintains at least one activity feature for an extended period of time, as defined herein, when exposed to UV radiation, such as sunlight.

[0190] By “activity resource”, we mean a resource that provides the formulation with its utility. An activity characteristic of the formulations of the present embodiments encompasses tackiness, as defined herein. An activity feature according to the present embodiments further encompasses pest repelling (e.g., insect repelling) from an object (e.g., plant), as described herein.

[0191] In some of the modalities described here, a formulation of the present modalities is non-phytotoxic.

[0192] Here, the term “non-phytotoxic”, when recited for a substance or formulation, refers to a substance or formulation that, upon contact with a plant for a period of time necessary for a particular application (e.g. , as a pesticide or pest repellent), no observation of a harmful effect on the plant (e.g. a visual defect on the trunk, leaves and/or fruits of the plant) is observed. In the context of embodiments of the present invention that relate to the application of a substance or formulation to plants such as trees, this term encompasses, for example, no appearance of visual defects at or near the site of application (e.g., along a trunk tree), during the period in which the formulation or substance is applied. In some of the embodiments described herein, the formulation is packaged in a container configured to dispense the formulation into an object.

[0193] In some of the embodiments described herein, a kit is provided which comprises a formulation as described herein packaged in a container and which may further comprise means for distributing the formulation to an object and/or instructions on how to apply the formulation to an object. .

[0194] In some of these embodiments, the container may be a disposable container or a non-disposable, possibly refillable, container.

[0195] In some embodiments, the means for dispensing the composition are configured to apply shearing forces to the formulation, so that when the formulation comprises a thixotropic agent, this result means a reduced viscosity of the formulation and facilitates its application.

[0196] In some embodiments, the formulation is intended to be applied by painting or spreading the formulation onto the surface of an object, and the container or kit comprises means for dispensing application by painting or spreading, for example, using a brush, a sponge, or a dedicated nozzle that allows you to remove the formulation from the container and spread it onto an object. In some of these embodiments, the container is a squeezable container.

[0197] In some embodiments, the kit further comprises means for applying the formulation to an object by painting or spreading, such as a brush, a sponge, a cloth or any other article for spreading the formulation.

[0198] In some embodiments, the kit comprises instructions for applying the formulation by painting or spreading.

[0199] In some embodiments, the kit comprises instructions to shake the container or apply shearing forces to the formulation, immediately before dispensing it from the container and/or immediately before applying it to an object, so as to reduce its viscosity. (for example, if the formulation comprises a thixotropic agent, as described herein).

[0200] In some of the embodiments described here, the formulation is configured for spray distribution and may also be referred to as a sprayable formulation.

[0201] In some of these embodiments, the container is a pressurized container configured to dispense the formulation by pumping air or other propellant at super-atmospheric pressure or using airless spray equipment. Any known type of spray equipment can be used. Particularly useful are containers configured to deliver the formulation in an aerosol form.

[0202] In some of these embodiments, the spray is a low pressure spray, which is carried out at a pressure ranging from about 1.5 PSI to about 9 PSI.

[0203] In some of these embodiments, the spray is a high pressure spray, which is carried out at a pressure ranging from about 40 PSI to about 200 PSI.

[0204] An example of such a configuration is presented in Figure 1, showing a pressurized tank (container) or pump, containing a formulation as described herein, with a sprayer connected thereto and configured to distribute the formulation in a spray form over a area to be treated (exemplified in Figure 1 as a tree trunk).

[0205] In some embodiments, the formulation is an aerosol formulation, which further comprises a propellant. In some of these embodiments, the propellant is a non-organic propellant, such as, for example, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, argon, nitrogen, oxygen, and mixtures thereof, such as, for example, air. In some such embodiments, the propellant is a water-soluble propellant, such as, but not limited to, dimethyl ether.

[0206] In some of the embodiments described here, the formulation is configured for distribution by painting or spreading. An example of this configuration is presented in Figure 2, showing the application of the formulation by spreading, using a sponge.

[0207] According to some embodiments of the present invention, when a formulation is configured for distribution through a particular mode of application, the formulation is designed to suit the intended configuration (the intended mode of application).

[0208] In some embodiments, a suitability of a formulation to an intended mode of application is by displaying a rheology and/or viscosity profile that is desirable to provide a formulation that can be applied to an object without dripping, so as to ensure that the resulting polymer film is formed where desired.

[0209] For example, when a formulation is an aqueous formulation as described herein in any of the respective embodiments, and is configured for distribution by painting or spreading (as exemplified, in a non-limiting manner, in Figure 2), the formulation is designed, in terms of, for example, the concentration and/or type of its ingredients, so that it exhibits a rheological and/or viscosity profile suitable for efficient application to a desired location (e.g., application to a tree trunk at the apply the respective shear and drip-free forces).

[0210] When a formulation is an aqueous formulation as described herein in any of the respective embodiments, and is configured for spray delivery (as exemplified, in a non-limiting manner, in Figure 1), the formulation is designed, in terms of, for example, the concentration and/or type of its ingredients, such that it exhibits a suitable rheological and/or viscosity profile for efficient application to a desired location (e.g., application to a tree trunk when applying the respective shear forces no drip).

[0211] For example, when a formulation is a non-aqueous formulation, as described herein in any of the respective embodiments, and is configured for distribution by painting or spreading, the formulation is designed, in terms of, for example, the concentration and /or type of its ingredients, so that it exhibits, upon application of shear forces by painting or spreading, a viscosity suitable for efficient application to a desired location (for example, application to a tree trunk without dripping).

[0212] When a formulation is a non-aqueous formulation, as described herein in any of the respective embodiments, and is configured for spray delivery, the formulation is designed, in terms of, for example, the concentration and/or type of its ingredients, so that it exhibits, upon application of shear forces during aerosol formation, a viscosity suitable for efficient application to a desired location (e.g., application to a tree trunk without dripping).

[0213] It should be noted that the non-aqueous formulations of the present embodiments comprise a thixotropic agent and, therefore, the viscosity of such formulations changes with the application of shear forces. Such formulations are therefore preferably designed to exhibit a viscosity that is suitable for the mode of application after application of shear forces (and not after preparation).

[0214] In some of the embodiments described herein, an aqueous formulation as described herein in any of the present embodiments and any combination thereof, when configured for application via painting or spreading, is characterized by a viscosity ranging from about 15000 to about of 40000, or from about 20000 to about 40000 centipoises.

[0215] In some of these embodiments, the aqueous formulation comprises 50 to 70, preferably 60 to 70, percent by weight of a tacky polymeric composition, as described herein, 3 to 7 percent by weight of an emulsifying agent or system, being the remainder water and optionally a pH adjusting agent and/or any of the other additional substances as described herein.

[0216] In some of the embodiments described herein, an aqueous formulation as described herein in any of the present embodiments and any combination thereof, when configured for low pressure spray application (e.g., as defined above), is characterized by a viscosity ranging from about 100 to about 3000, or from about 500 to about 3000 centipoises.

[0217] In some of the embodiments described herein, an aqueous formulation as described herein in any of the present embodiments and any combination thereof, when configured for high pressure spray application (e.g., as defined above), is characterized by a viscosity ranging from about 3000 to about 15000 centipoises.

[0218] In some of these embodiments, the aqueous formulation comprises 50 to 70, preferably 40 to 50 weight percent of a tacky polymeric composition for low pressure application and 50 to 75 weight percent of a tacky polymeric composition for application to high pressure, as described herein, 6 to 15 percent by weight of an emulsifying agent or system, the remainder being water and, optionally, a pH adjusting agent and/or any of the other additional substances, as described herein.

[0219] In some of the embodiments described herein, a non-aqueous formulation as described herein in any of the present embodiments and any combination thereof, when configured for application by painting or spreading, is characterized by a viscosity ranging from about 2000 to about 40000 centipoises. In some embodiments, the formulation is characterized by a viscosity ranging from about 2000 to about 10000 centipoises (i.e., a relatively low viscosity). In some embodiments, the formulation is characterized by a viscosity ranging from about 15,000 to about 40,000 centipoises (i.e., a relatively high viscosity). Without being limited by any particular theory, it is assumed that a non-aqueous formulation as described herein can be applied by painting or spreading, while exhibiting a wide range of viscosities, due to its thixotropic nature.

[0220] In some of these embodiments, the non-aqueous formulation comprises from 80 to 95 weight percent of a tacky polymeric material, as described herein, from 5 to 10 weight percent of a thixotropic agent, as described herein, and from 5 to 10 weight percent of an adhering and/or plasticizing agent as described herein.

[0221] In some of the embodiments described herein, a non-aqueous formulation as described herein in any of the present embodiments and any combination thereof, when configured for spray application (preferably at high pressure, for example, as defined herein), is characterized by a viscosity ranging from about 2000 to about 10000 centipoises.

[0222] In some of these embodiments, the non-aqueous formulation comprises from 80 to 95 weight percent of a tacky polymeric material, as described herein, from 5 to 10 weight percent of a thixotropic agent, as described herein, and from 5 to 10 weight percent of an adhering and/or plasticizing agent as described herein.

[0223] In some of the embodiments described herein for a non-aqueous formulation, the tacky polymeric composition comprises a tacky polymeric material and a tacky and/or plasticizing agent, and the composition (e.g., the type of sticky polymeric material and/or the type of tackifier and/or plasticizer) is selected to provide the indicated viscosity as outlined herein for an indicated mode of application. For example, when the formulation is configured for high pressure spray application, a tacky polymeric material having a relatively low viscosity is selected.

[0224] In some embodiments, the viscosity of a formulation is determined by a Brookfield viscometer, axis LV1,2,3,4, operated at 3, 6, 12, 20, 30, 60 rpm, at room temperature (e.g. 23 °C) and in accordance with ASTM D 2556 - 93A.

[0225] In some embodiments, the viscosity of a formulation is determined by a Brookfield viscometer, LV4 axis, operated at 20 rpm, at 23 °C and in accordance with ASTM D 2556 - 93A.

Pest Repellent:

[0226] The formulation as described herein in any of the respective embodiments is usable as a pest repellent or is for use in repelling insect pests from an object.

[0227] According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for repelling insect pests from an object, the method comprising applying a formulation as described herein in any of the respective embodiments and any combination thereof. on or near at least a portion of the object.

[0228] Here, the terms “repellent”, “repelling”, “repellent” and any other grammatical deviation from “repel” are used to describe a function due to which a pest spends less time (including no time at all) in or on a target object than on a non-target object. Thus, repelling a target pest means preventing the pest from remaining on a target object. “Repel” can also include killing the target pest. “Repel” can also be used to refer to slowing the behavior and/or responsiveness of a target pest so that the presence of the target pest is less bothersome to the target pest. “Repel” also includes minimizing the presence of the target pest on a target object, including entry of the target pest into building structures or climbing/landing of the target pest on the target object. “Repelling” also encompasses slowing the movement of a target pest on or near a target object, “trapping” a pest and preventing other pests from approaching the target object.

[0229] In some embodiments, repelling insect pests from an object comprises preventing the pest from contacting and/or remaining in or on a target object.

[0230] In some embodiments, repelling a pest from an object comprises preventing or reducing infestation of the object by the pest.

[0231] In some embodiments, the repellent effect of the formulation of the present embodiments is due to its stickiness.

[0232] Application of the formulation may be effected by contacting the formulation with at least a portion of the object (e.g., a surface of the object or a portion thereof) or with an area proximate to the object (e.g., around of the object). Contact may be effected by painting, spreading, spraying, as described herein, or by any other suitable forms of application known in the art.

[0233] The area to which the formulation is applied is also referred to herein as the target area, wherein “object” refers to an object that is prone to infestation by the pest.

[0234] As used herein, the term “pest” describes any animal species harmful to humans and/or animals, including species that cause economic damage (e.g., to agricultural substrates such as plants, crops, stored food or other products), species that cause damage to structural objects (e.g., buildings, houses, vehicles, and the like), species that cause harm to health (e.g., by transmitting diseases or causing allergies), pain, itching, or other physical discomfort (e.g., stings or bites) and/or psychological discomfort (e.g. fear and/or disgust).

[0235] In some embodiments, the pest is an invertebrate, for example, an arthropod, mollusc (e.g., snail, slug), or worm (e.g., a nematode). In some embodiments, the pest is an arthropod.

[0236] Here and in the art, the term “arthropod” refers to invertebrates characterized by an external skeleton, a segmented body, and articulated appendages, and includes insects, arachnids (e.g., spiders, scorpions, reapers, ticks, mites, solifuges), myriapods (e.g. millipedes, centipedes) and crustaceans (e.g. lice, crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill, barnacles).

[0237] Examples of arthropod pests according to some embodiments of the invention include, without limitation, fleas, ants, cockroaches, beetles (e.g., weevils, flour beetles, borers, Oryzaephilus spp., Rhizopertha dominica), aphids, phylloxera , whiteflies, scale insects (e.g. mealybugs), thrips, centipedes, silverfish, flies (e.g. black flies, fruit flies), lice, midges, gnats (e.g. fungus gnats), lepidoptera (e.g. e.g., moths, butterflies), bed bugs, cicadas, crickets, grasshoppers, termites, wasps (e.g., hornets, yellow jackets), bees, centipedes, millipedes, spiders, ticks, mites, chiggers, scorpions, lice ( e.g., bedbugs, chiggers) and the like, including larval forms (e.g., worms, larvae, caterpillars). Exemplary pests include lice (e.g., infesting an animate individual) and cockroaches, flies, spiders, and ants (e.g., infesting an inanimate object).

[0238] In some of the embodiments described here, the pest is an insect.

[0239] As used herein, the term “insect” refers to the insect that must be repelled from an object, unless otherwise indicated, and such insect is also referred to herein as a “target insect”.

[0240] The term “insect” describes a class of invertebrate arthropods that have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and a pair of antennae, and encompass, e.g., ants, termites, swaps, mosquitoes, fly beetles, mosquitoes, ticks, beer bugs, fleas, lice, bedbugs, centipedes, cockroaches, aphids, spruce budworm, corn borers, sand flies, tsetse flies , mites, assassin bugs and the like.

[0241] In some embodiments, the insect is a social (eusocial) insect, which hangs out in an organized colony. Social insects are known to be able to communicate, typically through pheromones or other chemicals, but also through sounds or light.

[0242] In some embodiments, a repellent effect of a formulation as described herein is based on communicating an unsafe sensation upon contacting the formulation, which prevents subsequent attempts to contact the object to which the formulation is intended. applied.

[0243] In some embodiments, the target insect is a social insect, such as ants, wasps, and termites.

[0244] The terms “ant” and “wasp” describe ant and wasp members of the order Hymenoptera. Representative examples include, without limitation, the species Iridomyrmex humilis, Solenopsis xyloni, Formica spp. (ants), Vespa vulgaris (wasps) and similar.

[0245] The term “termite” describes termite members of the order Isoptera. Representative examples include, without limitation, the species Reticulitermes hesperus, Zootermopsis augusticollis, Kalotermes minor and the like.

[0246] As used herein, target areas include, but are not limited to, areas of humans, animals, birds, plants, crops, trees, soils, fields, greenhouses, barns, houses, decks, swimming pools, commercial buildings, clothing, tents, shoes, boots, blankets, sleeping bags, backpacks, tablecloths, picnic tables, roofs, airplane hangars, antennas, satellite dishes and reflectors, solar heaters, ventilation ducts, air conditioners, beams, edges of windows, warehouses and other exposed buildings and electrical installations, such as power lines and transformers in airports and in warehouses, and elsewhere and the like. Animals include, but are not limited to, domestic animals, farm animals, wild animals, pets, and zoo animals.

[0247] In general, a target area to which the formulation is applied includes animated and/or non-animated objects or a portion thereof, preferably a surface or a portion of the surface of the object and/or the surroundings or a portion thereof. .

[0248] The object is an object that is prone to infestation by pests (e.g., insects), that is, to being contacted by the pest in an adverse manner and that it is desirable to repel the pest from it.

[0249] The object is variable, and is determined by the location in which pest repellency is desired or necessary.

[0250] In exemplary embodiments, the pest (e.g., insect) is an ant, a wasp, or a termite, and the object is a house, or a warehouse, or a storage container (e.g., food storage container). . In these embodiments, the formulation may be applied to an environment surrounding the object, preferably near an entrance or opening to the object, so as to repel the insect from the object and prevent its entry into the object.

[0251] In exemplary embodiments, the object is a yard, a garden, an agricultural field, and the like, and the formulation can be applied around the object.

[0252] In exemplary embodiments, the object is a plant, and in some embodiments, it is an agricultural crop. In these embodiments, the formulation can be applied to a portion of the plant or to soil surrounding the plant.

[0253] Here, the term “plant” includes any or all of the physical parts of a plant, including trunk, seeds, seedlings, seedlings, roots, tubers, stems, stalks, stems, foliage, and fruits.

[0254] In some embodiments, the plant is a tree. In some embodiments, the tree is at least one month old.

[0255] Controlling pests, such as insects, is important to achieve high harvest efficiency. Damage caused by pests that cultivate and store agronomic products can cause a significant reduction in productivity and, thus, result in increased costs for the consumer. Pest control in forests, greenhouse crops, ornamental plants, nurseries, stored food and fiber products, livestock, domestic use, turf, wood products, and public and animal health is also important.

[0256] For example, it is known that ants are a serious pest of various agricultural crops. The harmful action of ants can be direct (i.e. leafcutter ants) or indirect. The indirect deleterious action of ants occurs, for example, in that certain species tend to honey dew-producing homopterous insects, such as aphids, soft scales and stink bugs. Through the transport of these homopterous insects to new growth on plants and the role of warding off potential parasites and predators, ants can create situations in which the insects tend to assume a serious pest status, whereas, in the absence of ants, the insects often they are regulated by the action of beneficial predator and parasitic species. Examples of agricultural crops in which ants are a serious pest are citrus trees, in which ants move from the ground up the tree to the leaves, where they tend to honey dew-producing homopterous insects. Thus, in this situation, the object from which the acts must be repelled is the tree itself.

[0257] In some embodiments, an object is or comprises wood.

[0258] In some embodiments, the formulation is applied to a target area, as defined herein, so that a film is formed at the application site.

[0259] In some embodiments, a thickness of a dry film formed after application of a formulation as described herein ranges from 5 microns to 10 mm, including any intermediate subranges and values therebetween.

[0260] By “dry film”, we mean a film formed after water and any other optional volatile substances, if present in the formulation, evaporate.

[0261] The dimensions and shape of the film are determined by the target area.

[0262] For example, when the object is a tree, the formulation can be applied as a ring and/or around the tree trunk. The width of the ring may be from one cm to 100 cm, or, for a non-limiting example, from 1 to 15 (e.g., about 5 cm), including any intermediate subranges and values in between. When applied to the tree trunk, the ring can be applied to the trunk at a height of a few cm from the ground and up to the first division of the branch (for example, up to one meter from the ground).

[0263] In some embodiments, the formulation is applied to a target area with an effective amount of repellency corresponding to the target insect.

[0264] The term “effective amount of repellency”, as used herein, means a minimum amount of the formulation that substantially repels or prevents the insect from invading the object, when compared to the same area or object that is not treated. The amount required may vary depending on the repellent formulation used; the type of area or object to be treated; the number of days of repellency required; and the environment in which the area or object is located. The precise amount of repellent needed can be easily determined by someone skilled in the art, given the teachings of instant application. In the Examples section below, typical concentrations required to repel ants from trees are exemplified.

[0265] In some of the embodiments described herein, an amount of an aqueous formulation as described herein that is applied by painting or spreading varies from 0.01 to 1, or from 0.01 to 0.5, or from 0.05 to 0. .5 or 0.1 to 0.25, or 0.05 to 0.2, or 0.15 to 0.2 grams, per square cm of the surface of the object (for example, a tree trunk).

[0266] In some of the embodiments described herein, an amount of an aqueous formulation as described herein that is applied by spraying varies from 0.05 to 5, or from 0.05 to 0.4, or from 0.05 to 0. 3 or 0.08 to 0.3 grams, per square cm of the surface of the object (for example, a tree trunk).

[0267] Without being limited by any particular theory, it is assumed that, since for application of an aqueous formulation as described herein by spraying it is preferable to use a formulation comprising a lower concentration of a sticky polymeric material (e.g. as described above), an amount of the applied formulation is greater, compared to a formulation applied by painting or spreading.

[0268] In some of the embodiments described herein, an amount of a non-aqueous formulation, as described herein, that is applied by painting or spreading varies from 0.01 to 0.2, or from 0.01 to 0.15, or from 0.02 to 0.15, or from 0.04 to 0.15 grams, per square cm of the surface of the object (for example, a tree trunk).

[0269] In some of the embodiments described here, an amount of a non-aqueous formulation, as described here, that is applied by spraying varies from 0.01 to 0.2, or from 0.01 to 0.15, or from 0 .02 to 0.15, or 0.04 to 0.15 grams, per square cm of the surface of the object (for example, a tree trunk).

[0270] In some of the embodiments described herein, an amount of a formulation to be applied to the surface of an object is such that it provides at least 0.02 grams, or at least 0.03 grams, or at least 0.04 grams, or at least 0.05 grams, or at least 0.08 grams of a sticky polymeric composition as described herein per cm2 of the surface of the object. In some embodiments, an amount of a formulation to be applied to the surface of an object is such that it provides an amount of a tacky polymeric composition as described herein per cm2 of the surface of the object ranging from about 0.04 grams to about 0. .2 grams, or from about 0.04 grams to about 0.15 grams, or from about 0.05 grams to about 0.15 grams, or from about 0.05 grams to about 0.12 grams, or from about 0.08 grams to about 0.12 grams, per square cm of the surface of the object.

[0271] In some embodiments, the formulation is applied in an amount that is not phytotoxic to the plant object.

[0272] In some of the embodiments described here, the object or area to be treated is outdoors and is exposed to environmental conditions (e.g., weather), such as sunlight, heat, cold, humidity, and precipitation.

[0273] Typically, currently known repellent compositions used to treat outdoor objects or areas require greater amounts or concentration of the formulation or repeated applications, as the composition decomposes or detaches from the target area, or exhibits other reduced repellent activity. over time.

[0274] In contrast, in some embodiments, a formulation as described here forms, after its application, a film that is characterized as remaining adhered to the surface for at least one month, also when subjected to environmental conditions as described here.

[0275] In some embodiments, a method as described herein comprises reapplying the formulation after a first period of time, and the first period of time is at least 1 month or at least two months and may also be three months or more.

[0276] In some embodiments, reapplication is performed repeatedly after second, third, fourth, and so on, periods of time as necessary, and the time intervals between repeated applications are each at least 1, 2, 3 or more months.

[0277] In some embodiments, the object is a plant and application of the formulation is carried out once or twice per plant growth season. By “growing season” or “growing season” is meant a period of time during which local climatic conditions (i.e. precipitation and/or temperature) allow normal plant growth. A “growing season,” for example, is a period in which a plant’s fruits or flowers grow.

[0278] It is expected that during the life of a patent maturing from this application, many relevant sticky polymers and/or surface active agents and/or thixotropic agents will be developed and the scope of the terms sticky polymer, surface active agent surface and thixotropic agent is intended to include all these new technologies a priori.

[0279] As set forth herein, the term “approximately” refers to ± 10% or ± 5%.

[0280] The terms “comprises”, “comprising”, “includes”, “including”, “having” and their conjugates mean “including, but not limited to”.

[0281] The term “consisting of” means “including and limited to”.

[0282] The term “consisting essentially of” means that the composition, method or structure may include additional ingredients, steps and/or parts, but only if the additional ingredients, steps and/or parts do not materially alter the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed composition, method or structure.

[0283] As used herein, the singular form “a”, “an” and “the” include plural references, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. For example, the term “a compound” or “at least one compound” may include a plurality of compounds, including mixtures thereof.

[0284] Throughout this application, various embodiments of this invention may be presented in a range format. It should be understood that the description in range format is merely for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as an inflexible limitation on the scope of the invention. Therefore, the description of a range should be considered to have specifically disclosed all possible subranges as well as individual numerical values within that range. For example, the description of a range such as 1 to 6 should be considered to have specifically disclosed subranges such as 1 to 3, 1 to 4, 1 to 5, 2 to 4, 2 to 6, 3 to 6, etc., as well as individual numbers within that range, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. This applies regardless of the width of the range.

[0285] Whenever a numerical range is indicated here, any cited number (fractional or integral) must be included within the indicated range. The phrases “ranging between” a first stated number and a second stated number and “ranging from” a first stated number “up to” a second stated number are used here interchangeably and should include the first and second numbers indicated and all fractional and integral numbers between them.

[0286] As set forth herein, the term “method” refers to ways, means, techniques and procedures for accomplishing a given task, including, but not limited to, those ways, means, techniques and procedures known, or easily developed to from known ways, means, techniques and procedures of practitioners of the chemical, pharmacological, biological, biochemical and medical arts.

[0287] As set forth herein, the term “treatment” includes abrogating, substantially inhibiting, delaying or reversing the progression of a condition, substantially improving the clinical or aesthetic symptoms of a condition, or substantially preventing the appearance of clinical or aesthetic symptoms of a condition. .

[0288] It is understood that certain features of the invention, which are, for greater clarity, described in the context of separate embodiments, may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the invention, which are, for the sake of brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in any suitable subcombination or as suitable in any other described embodiment of the invention. Certain features described in the context of various modalities should not be considered essential features of those modalities unless the modality would be inoperative without those elements.

[0289] Various embodiments and aspects of the present invention, as outlined above and as claimed in the claims section below, find experimental support in the following examples.

EXAMPLES

[0290] Reference is now made to the following examples, which, together with the above descriptions, illustrate some embodiments of the invention in a non-limiting manner. Example 1

[0291] 100 grams of a water-based ant repellent were prepared by grinding and mixing (by means of high shear forces in a hand mixing dissolver) the following ingredients: 67 grams of polybutene, MW = 2500 Daltons, obtained from H-2100; 3.93 grams of C11 branched oxoalcohol with 5 mol EO (CAS no. 127036-24-2); and 1.14 grams of oleic acid from Sigma Aldrich,

[0292] and then 25.17 grams of water was added to the mixture, gradually, over about 10 minutes.

[0293] To the resulting dispersion, an antifoam agent (0.33 grams), a preservative (0.33) grams and fumed silica (Cab-O-sil 5) (2 grams) were added gradually over 15 minutes.

[0294] Finally, a 50% sodium bicarbonate solution (about 0.1 gram) was added until a pH of 6.5 to 6.8 was reached.

[0295] The formulation obtained, in dispersion form, is odorless and transparent.

[0296] The viscosity of the formulation obtained was measured using a Brookfield viscometer, LV4 axis, operated at 20 rpm, at 23 °C, in accordance with ASTM D 2556 - 93A.

[0297] The formulation exhibits a viscosity of 20,000 centipoises when measured as described above.

[0298] Stickiness was measured in accordance with the ASTM 6195-03 circuit tack test.

[0299] In summary, in-circuit tack testing is performed using a traction machine. As a sample, an LDPE film, 25 mm wide and 175 mm long (as shown in FIG. 3A), is used and is contacted with a 25 x 100 mm coated galvanized stainless steel plate of the ant repellent formulation. water-based, as shown in FIG. 3B, for full coverage (25 mm x 25 mm). The test is carried out at a speed of 300 mm/minutes. The entire test system is shown in FIG. 3C. The recorded force, measured in this test, was 0.3-1.5 N, for a sample with the indicated dimensions.

[0300] These data indicate that the resistance required for peeling of the film formed by the tested formulation, which reflects its viscosity, measured in this test, is 480 to 2400 N/m2. Example 2

[0301] The formulation described in Example 1 above was applied to various tree species, as detailed in Table 2 below, forming a ring with a height of about 5 to 10 cm around the tree trunk, at least 1 meter from ground level or at the highest point of the trunk before the first branch or at each of the lowest branches immediately after the first branch.

[0302] Observations on durability and ant repellency were made during different periods of time. The tested trees were exposed to sunlight and precipitation during the test. Ant repellency was observed during the tested period in all species tested (although it is noted that untreated trees in the same orchard were infested by ants). No phytotoxicity was observed in older trees, while partial phytotoxicity was observed in young avocado trees.

[0303] The data obtained is presented in Table 2 below.

[0304] As can be seen, on almost all plant species tested, an amount of 50 to 2000 grams per one square meter (e.g., about 1500 grams per 1 square meter) was applied as a ring of 5 to 10 cm wide around the tree trunk.

[0305] Exemplary photographs of a lemon tree and a persimmon tree, after applying an exemplary formulation of the present embodiments, are shown in FIGs. 4A-C.

[0306] All treated trees remained free of ants for a period of 10 months. Treated surfaces remained sticky without melting when exposed to summer heat and without washing off when exposed to rain.

[0307] Although the invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, it is clear that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and broad scope of the appended claims.

[0308] All publications, patents and patent applications mentioned in this specification are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference in the specification, to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent or patent application were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated here by reference. Furthermore, the citation or identification of any reference in this application should not be construed as an admission that such reference is available as prior art for the present invention. To the extent section titles are used, they should not be construed as necessarily limiting.

Claims (8)

1. FORMULATION, characterized by the fact that it comprises a sticky polymeric composition, an emulsifying agent or system and water, wherein: an amount of said sticky polymeric composition varies from 40 to 79 percent by weight of the total weight of the formulation; said sticky polymeric composition is defined by tackiness ranging from 400 to 3000 N/m2; an amount of said water varies from 20 to 30 weight percent of the total weight of the formulation; said emulsifying agent or system has an HLB value lower by 5 to 50% of the HLB value necessary to form a stable formulation of said sticky polymeric composition and water; and a weight ratio of said sticky polymeric composition and said emulsifying agent or system is in the range of 10:3 to 50:1, the formulation being devoid of an organic solvent. 2. FORMULATION according to claim 1, characterized in that said sticky polymeric composition comprises or consists of a sticky polymer, and wherein said sticky polymer is preferably a polyolefin. 3. FORMULATION, according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said sticky polymeric composition is defined by tackiness ranging from 480 to 2400 N/m2. 4. FORMULATION, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that said emulsifying agent or system has an HLB value of less than 15. 5. FORMULATION, according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that it further comprises a thixotropic agent, wherein an amount of said thixotropic agent varies from 0.01 to 1 weight percent of the total weight of the formulation . 6. METHOD FOR REPELLING A PEST FROM AN OBJECT, characterized by the fact that it comprises applying the formulation, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5, on a surface of the object and/or close to the object. 7. METHOD, according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that said object is a plant, preferably a tree. 8. METHOD, according to any one of claims 6 or 7, characterized by the fact that it further comprises reapplication of the formulation after a first period of time, said first period of time being at least 1 month.