BR112019013552A2 - METHOD FOR SUPPRESSING DUST IN SUSPENSION OF PARTICULATED WASTE MATERIAL, BIOLOGICAL COMPOSITION AND USE OF BIOLOGICAL COMPOSITION - Google Patents

Abstract

the present invention relates to a method for removing suspended dust from particulate tailings generated by wind erosion, consisting of a biological composition, applying the biological composition and stabilizing the particulate material. the invention also relates to the resulting biological composition and the application of particulate residues.

Description

Invention Patent Descriptive Report for “METHOD FOR SUPPRESSING DUST IN SUSPENSION OF PARTICULATED WASTE MATERIAL, BIOLOGICAL COMPOSITION AND USE OF BIOLOGICAL COMPOSITION”

FIELD OF APPLICATION [001] The invention to be presented, in general terms, discloses a method for suppressing suspended dust from particulate material, especially mineral waste, and biological compositions, which comprise mixtures of cyanobacteria and microalgae obtained from deposits with the numbers KCTC13158BP and KCTC13159BP.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [002] It is known in the state of the art that industrial activities, transportation, and natural sources such as wind erosion cause the emission of particulate material from the surface of mining deposits; which constitutes an environmental problem, as this particulate material can carry toxic and dangerous elements, as is the case of mining waste. These substrates correspond to a fine suspension of solids in liquid, essentially constituted by the same material present in the mineral deposit, from which the fraction was extracted with valuable mineral. These tailings are mainly formed by particles of size less than or equal to 10 microns, with a high and varied mineralogical content. When dispersed by the wind, these particles affect the environment, causing a high environmental impact.

[003] In the state of the art we find different strategies to control particulate material of different origin, which in one way or another employ elements of biological origin, however, require multiple applications, therefore they are unable to provide definitive solutions, increasing the costs of maintenance.

[004] For example, US 2013/0196419 describes a composition for reducing particulate matter suspended in air or in a liquid comprising

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2/14 a source of exopolysaccharides selected from varieties of microorganisms producing sludge, a microorganism with ureolytic activity and a culture medium, where the microorganisms producing sludge are selected from microalgae and the microorganism with ureolytic activity is a cultivation of Bacillus pasteurii. Request CL 0241-2012, from the same applicant, describes a method to decrease particulate matter suspended in air or water that consists of agglomerating particulate matter suspended in air or water with negative charge exopolysaccharides (EPS), where the microorganism that produces the negatively charged EPS is a bacterium or a microalgae.

[005] With regard to cyanobacteria, there are documents that describe their capacity or their relationship with the removal of contaminants, both metallic and organic.

[006] The registered document “Exopolysaccharide-producing cyanobacteria in heavy metal removal from water: molecular basis and practical applicability of the biosorption process”, written by R. Philippis, G. Cólica, and E. Micheletti, describes that microorganisms, specifically the exopolysaccharides (EPS) of the cyanobacterial cell surface, are capable of removing metals from contaminated environments through various mechanisms, such as metabolically mediated processes or by the absorption of metals in macromolecules with ionic charge on the cell surface. Along the same lines, the document “Characterization and Optimization of Bioflocculant Exopolysaccharide Production by Cyanobacteria Nostoc sp. BTA97 and Anabaena sp. BTA990 in Culture Conditions, written by O. Tiwari et al., Describes experiments in which the production of exopolysaccharides (EPS) from 40 varieties of cyanobacteria has been demonstrated as biofloculants to absorb or remove organic contaminants, and as an alternative to several biotechnological applications in the environment . As in the previous document, the scientific publication entitled “Production of exopolysaccharides by the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. BTA992 and application as bioflocculants ”, written by R. Khangembam, O.

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Tiwari and M. Kalita, describes the effect of exopolysaccharides (EPS) from 10 varieties of cyanobacteria during their photoautotrophic cultivation. The results demonstrated that selected cyanobacteria from Anabaena sp., Can be a good candidate for commercial EPS production, and can be used in applications as an alternative to synthetic flocculants.

[007] All documents cited use exopolysaccharides as biofloculants and are applied for the removal of heavy metals in contaminated liquids, but none of them represents a solution to the technical problem of suppressing suspended dust caused by wind erosion, originating from particulate waste material minerals. In view of this problem, the presented invention provides the application of an innovative biological composition that includes mixtures of cyanobacteria and microalgae. This invention has the advantage of stabilizing suspended dust from particulate material from mineral tailings, which minimizes water infiltration and wind erosion in mineral tailings. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [008] This invention relates to a method for suppressing suspended dust from particulate material from mineral tailings caused by wind erosion. Such a method consists of obtaining biological compositions in a suitable liquid culture medium; applying a determined volume of the biological composition to the mineral waste or substrate to be treated; and stabilize the particulate material.

[009] In addition, biological compositions are claimed that comprise mixtures of microorganisms, obtained from the KCTC13158BP and KCTC13159BP deposits, suspended in a suitable culture medium.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

- Figure 1 shows a photographic record of the typical performance of the untreated test tubes during the wind tunnel tests at different times: 0 minutes (Fig. 1a), 5 minutes (Fig. 1b) and 20 minutes (Fig. 1c).

- Figure 2 shows a photographic record of the typical performance of

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4/14 test tubes with Ph1 treatment, during wind tunnel tests at different times: 0 minutes (Fig. 2a), 10 minutes (Fig. 2b), 20 minutes (Fig. 2c), 60 minutes (Fig. 2d), 120 minutes (Fig. 2e) and 180 minutes (Fig. 2f).

- Figure 3 shows a photographic record of the typical performance of the beakers treated with the mixture 1 of cyanobacteria, during the tests in a wind tunnel at different times: 0 minutes (Fig. 3a), 10 minutes (Fig. 3b), 20 minutes (Fig. 3c), 60 minutes (Fig. 3d), 180 minutes (Fig. 3e) and 360 minutes (Fig. 3f).

- Figure 4 shows the weights (Fig. 4A) and percentages of loss of mineral tailings (Fig. 4B) due to the wind effect, recorded in the wind tunnel tests for samples of untreated mineral tailings. The black bars indicate the initial dry weight; the white bars indicate the final dry weight.

- Figure 5 shows the weights (Fig. 5A) and percentages of loss of mineral tailings (Fig. 5B) due to the wind effect, recorded in the wind tunnel tests for samples of mineral tailings with Ph1 treatment. The black bars indicate the initial dry weight; the white bars indicate the final dry weight.

- Figure 6 shows the weights (Fig. 6A) and percentages of loss of mineral waste (Fig. 6B) due to the wind effect, recorded in the wind tunnel tests for samples of mineral waste treated with mixture 1 of cyanobacteria. The black bars indicate the initial dry weight; the white bars indicate the final dry weight.

- Figure 7 shows the weights (Fig. 6A) and percentages of mineral waste loss (Fig. 6B) due to the wind effect, recorded in the wind tunnel tests for the mineral waste samples treated with the mixture 2 of cyanobacteria and microalgae . The black bars indicate the initial dry weight; the white bars indicate the final dry weight.

INVENTION [010] This presented invention relates to a method and a composition for suppressing suspended dust from particulate material from mineral waste, where the mentioned method comprises the following steps:

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The. obtain biological compositions in a suitable liquid culture medium, composed of a mixture of microorganisms, obtained from deposits KCTC13158BP and KCTC13159BP;

B. Apply by spray irrigation once, between 100 to 200 (cm ³ ) of the biological composition for every 500 to 1,000 (cm ² ) of mineral waste surface u substrate to be treated, with a risk ratio between 2 and 2.5 (L / m ² );

ç. Stabilize the particulate material in such a way as to avoid wind erosion or the dispersion of said particulate material from the substrate surface.

[011] The biological compositions were obtained by cultivating samples of soil crusts in an appropriate sterile liquid medium. The complete protocol comprises: [012] incubate the tubes with the samples by applying photoperiods of 12 h of light and 12 h of darkness, at a temperature of 28 ° C; plant and cultivate in a suitable solid sterile medium and incubate by applying photoperiods of 12 h of light and 12 h of darkness, at a temperature of 28 ° C and obtain isolated colonies; sequence the isolated colonies obtained; create liquid crops of the characterized isolated colonies; cryopreserve by centrifuging 2 mL of culture from each isolated colony and characterized by cyanobacteria and microalgae at 4,000 rpm for 10 minutes; discard the supernatant and resuspend the precipitate in an appropriate liquid medium; cool the suspension for 5 minutes to 3 ^S C, then for 30 minutes to -20 ^s C and then freeze to -86 ^S C; thaw the cryopreserved samples by performing a 10% v / v inoculation from the mother culture in an appropriate nutrient medium incubating for 14 days at 3,000 lux with a light cycle of 14/12 hours and orbital shaking with a constant speed of 120 rpm. The appropriate media for crops are selected from the following:

- Cultivation of soil crust samples: BG11 or MDM;

- Solid sterile medium: BG11;

- Means for cryopreserving the samples: BG11 medium with 3% v / v dimethyl sulfoxide and 5% v / v methanol or in BG11 medium with 10% v / v glycerol;

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- Medium to defrost the pathways: nutrient medium containing N: P: K and trace elements Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn and S.

[013] In addition, this invention claims biological compositions that comprise:

- mixtures of microorganisms obtained from deposits KCTC13158BP and KCTC13159BP in a concentration between 10 ⁶ to 10 ⁸ cells per mL; and

- culture medium.

[014] The microorganisms of the biological composition can be selected, but are not limited to the genera of the cyanobacteria Leptolyngbya and Trichocoleus. These can be selected, but are not limited to the species Leptolyngbya badia, Trichocoleus sociatus, Trichocoleus desertorum Leptolyngbya boryana, Leptolyngbya sp. Microalgae can be selected, but are not limited to species of the Chlorella genus. It is also possible to apply combinations of the mentioned cyanobacteria and microalgae.

[015] It is known that cyanobacteria and microalgae have the ability to grow in soils of particle size, which consider an interval between 1 to 125 μιτι, forming biocrusts that facilitate the recovery of impoverished soils, as these favor the growth of plants and vegetables on fine-grained soils. However, the method and biological composition described in this invention, are aimed at stabilizing the suspended powder from the particulate material of mineral tailings, which minimizes water infiltration and erosion caused by wind in mineral tailings. There is no history of cyanobacteria and microalgae being used for the purpose described in this invention.

EXAMPLES

Example N ^s 1: obtaining the crops used in the stabilization tests

1. The initial samples were obtained from the soil of the IV Coquimbo Region, in Chile, located in the semi-arid region of western South America, south of the great Atacama desert (29 ° 00’S; 32 ° 10’S). In the 6 different sectors within the Fourth

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Coquimbo Region 34 soil samples were extracted. The sampling sites were chosen based on the apparent color and texture. For sample extraction, the first layer of soil (approx. 1 cm deep) was carefully removed, collecting 8 to 15 g of soil, which was stored in sterile Falcon tubes. Once all samples were collected, they were kept at 4 ° C.

2. At the same time, for the isolation of microorganisms, approximately 1 gram of each soil sample was taken and 10 ml of sterile culture medium (BG11 or MDM) was added in 15 ml sterile Falcon tubes, or with smaller amounts respecting the 1/10 proportion, that is, for each gram of soil 10 ml of medium were added. Subsequently, it was stirred in an orbital shaker for 30 min at 34 ° C, the particulate material was expected to settle and a 100 pL aliquot was removed, which was planted in a sterile environment with a scraper in solid BG11 medium. covering the entire plate, each plate was labeled with the sample information, the inoculum volume and the date. The tubes with liquid medium with 1/10 ratio and the planted plates were incubated in a culture chamber, which had a photoperiod of 12 h to 12 h darkness, at a temperature of 28 ° C. The liquid cultures were left in the culture chamber until dark green filaments or patches of light green color were observed. An analysis by optical microscopy was performed using a Zeiss Axiostarplus® microscope at 100X with a 10X magnification of the eyepiece to confirm the presence of microorganisms, and a portion was transferred to sterile liquid BG11 medium. For the case of plates in solid medium with evident growth of pigmented colonies, an analysis by optical microscopy was carried out and it was planted in plates of solid BG11 for the separation of colonies, as well as being inoculated in liquid medium to obtain biomass.

3. The samples were identified by obtaining the genomic DNA for which 200 pL of the culture were considered, taking care to obtain filaments in the collection; in the case of the more compact microorganisms, they were removed from the culture medium and a portion was carefully removed with a scalpel.

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8/14 sterile. For cultivations in solid medium, sections were cut with a scalpel in a sterile way. All samples were placed in the respective collection tubes and, if necessary, were leveled up to 200 µl with sterile water. For the extraction of genomic DNA, the FavorPrep kit, Soil DNA isolation minikit from Favorgen Biotech corp® was used. The DNA was quantified and DNA fragments were amplified to determine the presence of microorganisms in the samples. 25 μΙ_ of PCR products from the amplification of each sample were sent to Macrogen to sequence them. Once the sequencing results were obtained, each sequence was processed with the Geneious software regarding the presence of the first and the quality of the sequencing delivered by the electropherograms of the sequencing performed. Soon afterwards, each sequence was aligned with the BLASTn tool for each genus of microorganism. Subsequently, the list of significant results obtained and the results from the distance tree delivered by the same tool were analyzed, identifying the most likely genus to which the microorganism could belong. These analyzes indicated that the microorganisms found in the samples extracted from soil scabs corresponded to cyanobacteria, specifically those of cyanobacterial species Leptolyngbya badia, Trichocoleus sociatus, Trichocoleus desertorum Leptolyngbya boryana, Leptolyngbya sp. In addition, the presence of the microalgae genus Chlorella was identified.

4. In order to obtain the cultures used in the stability analysis, a 10% v / v inoculation was performed from the cryopreserved culture of the isolated cyanobacteria and microalgae species, and the samples were grown for two weeks in a nutrient medium containing a proportion of N: P: K and trace elements: Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn and S. The growth conditions corresponded to 3,000 lux from fluorescent light (40.5 pmol m-2 s-1), orbital agitation with speed constant at 120 rpm, light cycle of 14/12 hours, humidity between 40% and 60%. Example N ^s 2: Cryopreservation of samples

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9/14 ml of culture from each isolate was centrifuged at 4,000 rpm at room temperature for 10 minutes. Then, the supernatant was discarded and the precipitate was resuspended in cryopreservation medium. Two cryopreservation media were used to preserve -86 ^S C:

a) Medium A: BG11 (ATCC Medium 616), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO in concentration at 3% v / v and methanol in concentration at 5% v / v).

b) Medium B: BG11 and glycerol in 10% v / v concentration.

[016] Once the biomass of bacteria and microalgae was resuspended, the new suspension was cooled for 5 minutes at 4 ° C, 30 minutes at -20 ° C and finally the cultivation was brought to -86 ° C.

[017] Samples obtained from soil crusts have been deposited under the specifications of the Budapest treaty with the international deposit authority “Korean Collection for Type Cultures, under the numbers KCTC 13158BP and KCTC 13159BP. Such deposited samples contain the cyanobacterial species Leptolyngbya badia, Trichocoleus sociatus, Trichocoleus desertorum Leptolyngbya boryana, Leptolyngbya sp. and microalgae of the Chlorella genus.

Example N ^s 3: Cell viability assessment of cryopreserved samples [018] Prior to the viability assessment, cultures maintained at -86 ^S C were thawed, keeping each sample at 4 ° C, then centrifuged at 4,000 rpm for 5 minutes at 4 ° C. Subsequently, the supernatant was eliminated and all precipitated biomass was inoculated, in liquid or solid medium (BG11) at a concentration of 10% v / v.

[019] In order to assess viability, cryopreserved isolates were inoculated on solid nutrient culture medium (BG11 with 1% agar) and maintained for 7 days at 3,000 lux from fluorescent light (40.5 pmol nr ² s ^_1 ), cycle 14/12 hour light, humidity between 40% and 60%. In this case, viability was verified by plaque growth.

[020] To assess viability in a liquid medium, biomass of

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10/14 cyanobacteria and microalgae cryopreserved on nutrient medium (BG11) and cultivation was maintained for 30 days under the following growing conditions: 3,000 lux from fluorescent light (40.5 pmol rrr ² s ^_1 ), light cycle of 12/14 hours, humidity between 40% and 60%, and orbital agitation at a constant speed of 120 rpm. In this case, viability is verified by growth, by observing the biomass grown after one and two weeks.

Example N ^s 4: Qeotechnical characterization of the mineral waste material [021] Laboratory tests were carried out to evaluate the geotechnical composition of the mineral waste material, measuring the granulometry parameters by mechanical method (Table N ^s 1) and granulometry by method of the hydrometer under the ASTM standard (Table N ^s 2).

Table N ^s 1: Granulometry by mechanical method

Strainer # 4 # 10 # 40 # 100 # 200 % that passes 100 100 91 39 14

Table N ^s 2: Granulometry by the hydrometer method (ASTM standard)

Diameter (mm) 0.06407 0.04686 0.03445 0.02499 0.01325 0.00953 0.00677 0.00340 0.00242 % that passes 8.3 6.9 5.1 3.9 2.7 2.1 1.8 1.3 0.98

In addition, the parameters of specific gravity (Table N ^s 3), maximum compacted density (Table N ^s 4) and loose bulk (Table N ^s 5) were measured for the mineral waste samples.

Table N ^s 3: Specific severity

Sample N ^s Specific gravity (kg * m / N * s ² )

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1 2.72

Table N ^s 4: Maximum compacted density

Sample N ^s Max. Density wet (t / m ³ ) Max. Density dry (t / m ³ ) Optimal humidity (%) 1 1.9 1.7 15.5 Table N ^s 5: Apparent density only Sample N ^s Loose density (t / m ³ ) 1 1.3

Example N ^s 5: Wind tunnel tests [022] The wind tunnel tests were carried out under the Chilean tailings deposit standard NCh 3266 - 2012, simulating conditions of speeds and wind regimes that are registered in installation sites of mining works affected by wind erosion, in such a way that the results have repercussions on the ground conditions.

a) Preparation of the test tubes: the preparation of the test tubes included filling the metal molds with tailings to the loose bulk density. For this, a funnel was used, which allows the free and constant fall of the tailings until it reaches its capacity, finally leveling the surface to make it uniform. The average volume of the test tubes is 3,804 cm ³ . The prepared beaker is allowed to rest for approximately 12 hours, before being subjected to the test in the wind tunnel. The samples treated with the mitigating agent (Ph1) and the microorganisms were applied by means of surface irrigation, therefore for a surface of 726 cm ² the volumes and rates of irrigation specified in table N ^s 6 were used. From the samples

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12/14 cryopreserved, 2 mixtures of microorganisms were prepared: mix 1 contains Leptolyngbya badia, Trichocoleus sociatus, and mix 2 contains Trichocoleus desertorum, Leptolyngbya boryana and Chlorella.sp.

Table N ^s 6: Risk rate and volume applied to samples

Sample N ^and Treatment Risk rate (L / m ² ) Applied volume (cm ³ ) 1 Ph1 2.06 150 2 mezcla 1 2.06 150 3 mezcla 2 2.06 150

b) Installation of the beaker and execution of the test: the beaker was installed on the adjustable support of the wind tunnel; the inclination for this series of tests was between 9 ^S and 10 ^o in relation to the horizontal. Once the beaker was installed on the support, the test started by applying wind at a speed of 12 m / s, considering an exposure time of six continuous hours. For each test, the initial weight and humidity of each test tube was measured, and after the test was finished, the remaining material in the mold was weighed and the final moisture was measured. Each of the tests performed was photographically recorded. In the case of untreated test tubes, sampling was carried out every 5 minutes. In the case of the treated beakers, samples were taken every 5 minutes until completing 20 minutes, then after 60 hours of exposure and, subsequently, every hour until completing the six hours of testing. Figures 1-3 show a photographic record of the typical performance of beakers without treatment (Figure 1), treatment with the mitigating agent Ph1 (Figure 2), and treatment with mixture 1 (Figure 3), at different times during

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13/14 performance of tests submitted to the wind effect in the wind tunnel. For the test with mezcla 2, we do not provide photographs.

c) Results obtained from wind tunnel tests: tests were carried out on twelve test tubes, according to the Chilean standard of mineral waste deposits, NCh 3266 - 2012, of which three were not treated, three were treated with Ph1, three were treated with mixture 1 and three more were treated with mixture 2. The weights and percentages of loss of mineral waste due to the wind effect recorded in the tests performed, are shown in table N ^s 7 and in figures 4 (No treatment), 5 (Treatment with Ph1), 6 (Treatment with mixture 1) and 7 (Treatment with mixture 2). It is important to note that in the case of untreated test tubes, the material loss reached 20 minutes, as shown in Figures 1 and 4. In the case of test tubes treated with Ph1, the material loss was registered after three and six hours of exposure in the beaker to the action of the wind, as can be seen in figures 2 and

5. In the beakers treated with mixture 1, there was no loss of particulate material, as can be seen in figures 3 and 6. This result was also observed when treating the particulate material from mineral waste with mixture 2, as observed shown in figure 7.

Table N ^s 7: Result weights and porcen mineral waste loss rates Cylinder N ^e Test Dry density (t / m ³ ) % DSMC P.N. Wind tunnel test Lost of tailing due to wind effect Dry weight Dry weight Final Final dry weight starts (gr) (%) (gr) (%) (gr) (%) 1 s.t. 1.37 81 5125 100 230 4.5 4895 95.5

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2 s.t. 1.34 80 5167 100 392 7.6 4775 92.4 3 s.t. 1.34 80 5110 100 344 6.7 4766 93.3 1 Ph1 1.31 78 4976 100 1 0.0 4975 100.0 2 Ph1 1.31 78 5138 100 1 0.0 5137 100.0 3 Ph1 1.32 78 5118 100 6 0.1 5112 99.9 1 mix 1 1.34 80 5130 100 5093 99.3 37 0.7 2 mix 1 1.31 78 5107 100 5077 99.4 30 0.6 3 mix 1 1.31 78 5086 100 5056 99.4 30 0.6 1 mix 2 1.32 79 5054 100 4893 96.8 161 3.2 2 mix 2 1.32 78 4899 100 4743 96.8 156 3.2 3 mix 2 1.32 78 4976 100 4823 96.9 153 3.1

st: Tests without treatment [023] While this invention has been described under the modalities mentioned above, it could seem evident that other alternatives, modifications or variations would deliver the same results, however, we have been able to establish that the proportions, in which they are present cyanobacteria and algae are fundamental to the success of the methodology. Consequently, the embodiments of the invention are intended to be illustrative, not limiting. Various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

[024] All patents, patent applications, scientific articles and other public documents, which in the knowledge of the applicant constitute the state of the art, have been adequately cited in this application.

Claims (12)

1. Method for removing suspended dust from particulate waste material, characterized in that it comprises: The. obtaining biological compositions in a suitable liquid culture medium, composed of mixtures of microorganisms obtained from the KCTC13158BP and KCTC13159BP deposits; B. applying once between 100 to 200 cm ³ a biological composition for each 500 to 1,000 cm ² of tailings surface or substrate to be treated, with an irrigation rate between 2 and 2.5 L / m ² ; ç. stabilization of particulate material. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the application of the biological composition is carried out by spray irrigation. 3. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that biological compositions are obtained by culturing crusted soil samples in a suitable sterile liquid medium; incubate the sample tubes using a photoperiod of 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness, at a temperature of 28 ° C; cultivate in an appropriate sterile solid medium and incubate the photoperiod of 12 h of light and 12 hours of darkness, at a temperature of 28 ° C and obtain isolated colonies; sequence of the isolated colonies obtained; cryopreserve by centrifuging 2 mL of culture from each isolated sample and characterizing at 4,000 rpm for 10 minutes; discard the supernatant and resuspend the precipitate in a suitable liquid medium; cool the suspension for 5 minutes to 3 ° C, then 3 for 30 minutes to -20 to 86 ° C and freeze; thawing of cryopreserved samples by performing a 10% v / v inoculation from the mother culture in an appropriate nutrient medium incubation for 14 days at 3000 lux with 14/12 hour light cycle and Petition 870190060703, of 06/28/2019, p. 151/156 2/3 with constant orbital agitation at 120 rpm speed; mixing cyanobacteria and / or microalgae species; Cultivate until necessary volumes and cell density of 10 ⁶ to 10 ⁸ cells per ml are obtained. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sterile liquid medium suitable for cultivating soil crust samples can be selected from BG11 or MDM medium. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the suitable solid sterile medium is BG11 solid medium. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the medium suitable for cryopreservation is selected from BG11 medium with 3% v / v dimethyl sulfoxide and 5% v / v methanol or in BG11 medium with 10% v / v glycerol. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the appropriate means for defrosting the sample bottles are nutrient medium containing N: P: K and trace elements Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn and S. 8. Biological composition as a dust suppressant from tail particulate material, characterized by the fact that it comprises: - a mixture of microorganisms obtained from the deposits KCTC13158BP and KCTC13159BP, in a concentration between 10 ⁶ to 10 ⁸ cells per mL; and - culture medium. 9. Biological composition according to claim 8, characterized in that the microorganisms are selected from cyanobacteria, more specifically they are selected from the species Leptolyngbya badia, Petition 870190060703, of 06/28/2019, p. 152/156 3/3 Trichocoleus sociatus, Trichocoleus desertorum Leptolyngbya boryana, Leptolyngbya sp., Or combinations thereof. 10. Biological composition, according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that microorganisms are selected from microalgae of the genus Chlorella sp. 11. Biological composition, according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that the culture medium is selected from sterile liquid medium BG11, MDM, or nutrient medium containing N: P: K and trace elements Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn and S. 12. Use of biological composition, characterized by the fact that it is used to suppress dust in suspension of particulate material from mining waste in general, produced by industrial activities, transportation and natural sources, such as wind erosion.