BR112013000772B1 - Cooling apparatus for hot bulk materials - Google Patents

Abstract

COOLING DEVICE FOR HOT BULK MATERIAL. The present invention relates to a cooling device for a hot bulk material (1) that has a cooling tower (2) with a vertical main geometrical axis (3), said hot bulk material (1) being cooled in the cooling tower by means of a gas flow (4). The device has a feeding device (5) by means of which the hot bulk material (1) is poured into the cooling tower (2) from above, so that the hot bulk material (1) is accumulated in the cooling tower (2). The device has a removal device (7) whereby the bulk material (1) in the cold state is removed from below the cooling tower (2), so that the bulk material (1) remains on the cooling tower (2) slide down. The device has a gas delivery device (8) whereby the gas flow (4) is delivered through the cooling tower (2). The device has a discharge device (9) through which the gas flow (4) is discharged from the cooling tower (2). The cooling tower (2) is equipped with a plurality of gas flow guides (...).

Description

The present invention relates to a cooling device for hot bulk materials.

When cooling hot bulk materials - for example, sintered iron ore - attempts have been made to use waste heat that is generated at the same time, as efficiently as possible. Cross-flow heat exchangers in the form of circular downwell heat exchangers or circular scraped surface heat exchangers are the prior art. In the case of downhole circular heat exchangers, however, the recovery of lost heat is limited to the first third of the heat exchanger, as the exhaust air temperature is continuously reduced. In the case of circular scraped surface heat exchangers, there is a mixture of hot and warm exhaust air, the temperature of which is basically not as high as is maximally possible, so that the efficiency of heat loss recovery is also degraded. Heat exchangers according to the prior art, which are provided with cooling shafts are known from JP58077537A and JP10265858A.

The object of the present invention is to create possibilities whereby the heat of loss generated during the heating of hot bulk materials can be used in a more efficient way.

1. - o aparelho de resfriamento tenha uma torre de resfria­ mento com um eixo geométrico principal, em cuja torre de resfriamento os materiais a granel quentes são resfriados por meio de um fluxo de gás,
2. - o aparelho de resfriamento tenha um dispositivo de su­ primento, por meio do qual os materiais a granel quentes são derra­ mados a partir de cima na torre de resfriamento, de modo que os ma­ teriais a granel quentes sejam empilhados na torre de resfriamento,
3. - o aparelho de resfriamento tenha um dispositivo de re­ moção, por meio do qual os materiais a granel quentes, no estado frio, são removidos do fundo da torre de resfriamento, de modo que os ma­ teriais a granel remanescentes na torre de resfriamento deslizem para fora para baixo,
4. - o aparelho de resfriamento tenha um dispositivo de transporte de gás, por meio do qual o fluxo de gás é transportado atra­ vés da torre de resfriamento,
5. - o aparelho de resfriamento tenha um dispositivo de condução para longe, através do qual o fluxo de gás é conduzido para longe da torre de resfriamento,
6. - uma pluralidade de meios de guia de fluxo de gás seja disposta na torre de resfriamento, os referidos meios de guia de fluxo de gás, procedentes das entradas as quais são dispostas na parede externa de torre, estendendo-se radialmente para dentro em direção ao eixo geométrico principal,
7. - os meios de guia de fluxo de gás sejam realizados co­ mo meios de guia alongados os quais, quando vistos na sua respecti­ va direção de extensão, por seu comprimento, tenham saídas para o fluxo de gás de modo que o fluxo de gás seja dirigido para os materiais a granel quentes localizados na torre de resfriamento,
8. - os meios de guia de fluxo de gás, quando vistos na di­ reção do eixo geométrico principal, sejam dispostos na região central da torre de resfriamento e o dispositivo de condução para longe seja disposto na região superior da torre de resfriamento, de modo que o fluxo de gás atravesse os materiais a granel quentes localizados na torre de resfriamento do fundo para o topo.

A cooling device for hot bulk materials is to be developed in such a way that:

1. - the cooling apparatus has a cooling tower with a main geometrical axis, in which the cooling tower hot bulk materials are cooled by means of a gas flow,
2. - the cooling apparatus has a supply device, by means of which hot bulk materials are poured from above into the cooling tower, so that hot bulk materials are stacked in the cooling tower,
3. - the cooling apparatus has a removal device, whereby hot bulk materials, in the cold state, are removed from the bottom of the cooling tower, so that the bulk materials remaining in the cooling tower slide to out down,
4. - the cooling device has a gas transport device, by means of which the gas flow is transported through the cooling tower,
5. - the cooling device has a device for driving away, through which the gas flow is conducted away from the cooling tower,
6. - a plurality of gas flow guide means is disposed in the cooling tower, said gas flow guide means, coming from the entrances which are arranged in the external tower wall, extending radially inwards towards the main geometric axis,
7. - the gas flow guide means are made as elongated guide means which, when viewed in their respective extension direction, by their length, have outlets for the gas flow so that the gas flow is directed for hot bulk materials located in the cooling tower,
8. - the gas flow guide means, when viewed in the direction of the main geometric axis, are arranged in the central region of the cooling tower and the device for driving away is arranged in the upper region of the cooling tower, so that the gas flow through hot bulk materials located in the cooling tower from bottom to top.

The achievement of this development is that the gas flow through hot bulk materials is not in the transverse flow, but in the counterflow. A mixture of warm and warm exhaust air is no longer possible.

Preferably, it is provided that the gas flow guide means form an inclination angle with the horizontal, so that the gas flow guide means tilt upwards towards the main geometric axis. This development can further optimize efficiency when using waste heat. This applies particularly especially if the angle of inclination is selected in a manner that roughly corresponds to the angle of the bulk materials that the hot bulk materials were with the horizontal. The angle of inclination, therefore, is preferably between 20 ° and 45 ° and, in most cases, is between 25 ° and 35 °.

Preferably, it is provided that the outlets are arranged exclusively on the lower surface of the gas flow guide means. The achievement of this development is that the risk of plugging the outlets is minimized and even completely avoided.

The arrangement of the outlets exclusively on the lower surface of the gas flow guide means can be obtained, for example, by the gas flow guide means having, in each case, two lateral regions and a roof region forming a bridge between the lateral regions, the lateral regions extend substantially vertically and the ceiling region has the shape of an inverted "V" in the cross section.

The gas flow guide means preferably extend as far as the main axis or as far as a hub arranged on the main axis. The feat here is that hot bulk materials are passed through and cooled by the gas flow practically across the entire cross section of the cooling tower.

The device for driving away is preferably arranged on the external tower wall. The achievement of this development is that the supply device can be designed without having to consider the development of the withdrawal device.

The supply device is in the form of a revolution chute in a preferred development of the present invention. This development obtains a better distribution of the materials in level by the cross-sectional area of the cooling tower.

1. - a torre de resfriamento seja disposta em uma edifica­ ção, cujas paredes laterais, prosseguindo a partir do fundo, estendam- se tão longe quanto acima das entradas,
2. - o dispositivo terminal seja disposto dentro da edificação, de modo que os materiais a granel removidos da torre de resfriamento estejam inicialmente localizados dentro da edificação,
3. - o aparelho de resfriamento tenha um dispositivo de transporte contínuo, por meio do que os materiais a granel removidos da torre de resfriamento sejam levados para longe da edificação,
4. - o dispositivo de transporte contínuo tenha recipientes de passagem os quais, quando vistos transversalmente em relação à di­ reção de transporte, tenham uma seção transversal de recipiente e, quando vistos na direção de transporte, tenham um comprimento de
5. - os recipientes emerjam da edificação e entrem na edifi­ cação através de duas regiões de passagem as quais são realizadas recipiente, como túneis, e
6. - a seção transversal dos túneis seja adaptada à seção transversal do recipiente e aos túneis, quando vista na direção de transporte, em cada caso tendo um comprimento de túnel o qual é maior do que o comprimento de recipiente.

Preferably, it is provided that:

1. - the cooling tower is arranged in a building, the side walls of which, proceeding from the bottom, extend as far as above the entrances,
2. - the terminal device is arranged inside the building, so that the bulk materials removed from the cooling tower are initially located inside the building,
3. - the cooling device has a continuous transport device, whereby bulk materials removed from the cooling tower are taken away from the building,
4. - the continuous transport device has passage containers which, when viewed transversely in relation to the transport direction, have a container cross section and, when viewed in the transport direction, have a length of
5. - the containers emerge from the building and enter the building through two passage regions which are made into containers, such as tunnels, and
6. - the cross section of the tunnels is adapted to the cross section of the container and to the tunnels, when viewed in the direction of transport, in each case having a tunnel length which is greater than the container length.

This development is particularly advantageous when the gas transport device is carried out as a fan. The fan's feat is that leakage losses from the gas flow are minimized.

• a FIGURA 1 mostra um aparelho de resfriamento para ma­ teriais a granel quentes, guia de fluxo de gás, partir da lateral, e
• a FIGURA 2 mostra uma seção transversal de um meio de
• a FIGURA 3 mostra um dispositivo de transporte contínuo a
• a FIGURA 4 mostra uma seção transversal de uma região de passagem com um recipiente conformado vazado.

Other advantages and details are produced from the following description of an example modality together with the drawings, in which, in schematic representations:

• FIGURE 1 shows a cooling device for hot bulk materials, gas flow guide, from the side, and
• FIGURE 2 shows a cross section of a media
• FIGURE 3 shows a continuous transport device at
• FIGURE 4 shows a cross section of a passage region with a shaped shaped container.

As shown in FIGURE 1, a cooling apparatus for cooling hot bulk materials 1 (for example, small sintered iron ore pellets) has a cooling tower 2 with a vertical main geometric axis 3. Bulk materials hot 1 are cooled in the cooling tower 2 by means of a gas flow 4.

The cooling device has a supply device 5. Hot bulk materials 1 are poured from above into the cooling tower 2 via the supply device 5. This means that hot bulk materials 1 are stacked in the tower cooling 2.

Corresponding to the representation in FIGURE 1, the supply device 5 can be realized as a revolution chute which is rotated at a predetermined speed n. Speed n, as a rule, is relatively slow. For example, in case the supply device 5 is developed as a revolution chute, the speed n can be in the range between 0.25 revolutions per minute and one revolution per minute.

The design as a revolution chute means that hot bulk materials 1 are better distributed across the cross-sectional (horizontal) section of the cooling tower 2. However, an effective radius r, with which the supply device 5 distributes the materials to hot levels 1, as a rule, is considerably less than the radius R of the cooling tower 2. In particular, the effective radius r, with which the supply device 5 distributes the hot bulk materials 1, as a As a rule, it is a maximum of 30% of the radius R of the cooling tower 2. In most cases, the numerical values obtained are really only between 10% and 25%. Consequently, a tipping cone is formed in the vicinity of the external tower wall 6 (i.e., the vertical or substantially vertical wall of the cooling tower 2). The tipping cone has a typical angle for bulk materials. As a rule, the angle of bulk materials a - depending on the hot bulk materials 1 - is between approximately 30 ° and approximately 38 °.

In addition, the cooling apparatus has a removal device 7. Bulk materials 1 are removed from the bottom of the cooling tower 2 by means of removal device 7. This means that the hot bulk materials 1 remaining in the tower cooling fans 2 slide outwards. The removal device 7 can be realized as a pusher platform which is moved in a circular manner.

The cooling device also has a gas transport device 8. The gas flow 4 is transported through the cooling tower 2 via the gas transport device 8. The gas transport device 8 is preferably carried out as a fan . However, in principle, a suction device is also possible.

The cooling device also has a withdrawal device 9. The gas flow 4 is withdrawn from the cooling tower 2 by means of the withdrawal device 9.

When bulk materials 1 are supplied to cooling tower 2, they are hot. Typical temperatures here are up to 900 ° C. When bulk materials 1 are removed from cooling tower 2, they are (relatively) cold. Typical temperatures here are between 70 ° C and 150 ° C. Cooling of hot bulk materials 1 is carried out substantially by means of the gas flow 4 carried through the cooling tower 2. Thus, the gas flow 4 is directed to the cooling tower 2 in the cold state (at a temperature typically equal to room temperature) and is removed from the cooling tower 2 in the hot state (at temperatures typically between 600 ° C and 800 ° C).

The cooling tower 2, as a rule, is arranged in a building 10. Building 10 has side walls 11. The side walls 11 extend, proceeding from the bottom, as far as an intermediate height h of the cooling tower 2. As a rule, the intermediate height h, with reference to the entire height H of the cooling tower 2, is between 40% and 60% of the entire height H of the cooling tower 2.

The gas transport device 8 - in particular if it is made as a fan - can be arranged inside the building 10. However, as a rule, the gas transport device 8 is arranged outside the building 10. The withdrawal device 9 it is placed in the upper region of the cooling tower 2 and, consequently, outside the building 10.

The withdrawal device 9 can be arranged on the upper surface 12 of the cooling tower 2. The withdrawal device 9 is preferably disposed on the outer wall of the tower 6, that is, laterally.

A plurality of gas flow guide means 13 is disposed in the cooling tower 2. In principle, the minimum number of gas flow guide means 13 is two. In practice, however, there are at least six gas flow guide means 13 present. The maximum number of gas flow guide means 13 is not limited in principle. As a rule, however, the numerical values of 40 are not exceeded. In most cases, the number of gas flow guide means 13 is between 8 and 16.

The gas flow guide means 13 are made as elongate guide means as in FIGURE 1. They have inlets 14, which are arranged in the outer tower wall 6. Proceeding from the inlets 14, the flow guide means of gas 13 extend radially inward towards the main geometrical axis 3 of the cooling tower 2.

The development of the gas flow guide means 13 can be, for example, type of fork (shown), crescent shaped, etc. Other developments are also possible. The only important factor is that the distance to the main geometric axis 3 of the cooling tower 2 is reduced along the longitudinal extent of the gas flow guide means.

The gas flow guide means 13 - by their length, when viewed in their respective extension dimension - have left from 15 to the gas flow 4. The gas flow 4 - at this time still cold - is consequently introduced in the gas flow guide means 13 through inlets 14 and from where it is directed via outlets 15 to hot bulk materials located in cooling tower 2.

The cross section of the gas flow guide means 13 can be constant, when viewed by its length. However, the cross section of the gas flow guide means 13 is preferably reduced towards the main geometric axis 3 of the cooling tower 2, corresponding to the representation in FIGURE 1.

The gas flow guide means 13, when viewed in the direction of the main geometrical axis 3 of the cooling tower 2, are arranged in the central region 16 of the cooling tower 2. The central region 16 extends from approximately 30% the entire height H of the cooling tower 2 as far as approximately 70% of the entire height H of the cooling tower 2. However, regardless of the precise arrangement of the gas flow guide means 13, the flow guide means of gas 13 are disposed below the withdrawal device 9. When the cooling tower 2 is disposed in building 10, the inlets 14 are additionally disposed below roof 17 of building 10. Consequently, the side walls 11 of building 10 become extend as far as beyond the inlets 14 of the gas flow guide means 13. Considering the arrangement of the gas flow guide means 13 below the withdrawal device 9, the gas flow 4 passes through the large materials l hot 1 located in the cooling tower 2 from the bottom to the top (counterflow principle).

In principle, the gas flow guide means 13 can extend horizontally. However, corresponding to the representation in FIGURE 1, the gas flow guide means 13 preferably form an angle of inclination (3 with the horizontal, so that the gas flow guide means 13 tilt upwards towards to the main geometrical axis 3 of the cooling tower 2. The angle of inclination p can be determined as required The angle of inclination p is preferably selected so that it substantially corresponds to the angle of bulk materials a. p must be between 20 ° and 45 ° Values between 28 ° and 30 ° are particularly preferred.

In principle, it is possible to provide the outlets 15 on the gas flow guide means 13 at arbitrary points. However, it is preferred that the outlets 15, corresponding to the representation in FIGURE 2, are arranged exclusively on the bottom surface of the gas flow guide means 13. In particular, the gas flow guide means 13, as shown in FIGURE 2, can be opened across the entire bottom surface. In this case, the gas flow guide means 13 preferably has, in each case, two side regions 18 and a roof region 19. The side regions 18 extend substantially vertically. The roof region 19 forms a bridge between the lateral regions 18. Preferably, it is in the shape of an inverted "V" in the cross section.

It is possible that the gas flow guide means 13 ends in front of the main geometrical axis 3 of the cooling tower 2. However, the gas flow guide means 13 preferably extends as far as the main geometric axis 3 ( or as far away as a "cube" 20 arranged in the region of the main geometric axis 3 of the cooling tower 2).

When the cooling tower 2 is disposed within building 10, the removal device 7 is also disposed, as a rule, within building 10. Consequently, the bulk materials 1 removed from cooling tower 2 (still) are located initially inside building 10. Consequently, in this case, the cooling apparatus has a device whereby bulk materials 1 removed from cooling tower 2 are removed from building 10. This device is preferably carried out as a continuous transport 21, as in FIGURE 3.

In particular, if the gas transport device 8 is in the form of a fan, when the gas flow 4 is therefore initially blown into the building 10 and is only introduced from there into the flow guide means of gas 13 via entrances 14, the passage regions 22, in which the continuous transport device 21 emerges from the building 10 and enters the building 10 again, and must be relatively sealed. For this purpose, it is provided, as shown in FIGURE 3, that the continuous transport device 21 has passage type containers 23. The containers 23, when viewed transversely in relation to the transport direction x, have a container cross section as shown in FIGURE 4. When viewed in the x transport direction, they have a container length I, as shown in FI GURA 3. For example, the continuous transport device 21 can be made for this purpose as a so-called carrier with corrugated side walls with crossroads.

The passage regions 22, through which the continuous transport device 21 (more precisely: the containers 23) emerges from the building 10 and enters the building 10, are preferably performed as tunnels. The tunnels 22 have a cross section which is adapted to the container cross section, as shown in FI GURA 4. When applicable, sealing ferrules or the like can be arranged on the sides of the tunnel walls. Tunnels 22, when viewed in the transport direction x, in each case, also have a tunnel length L, which is greater than the container length I. The length of tunnel L is preferably even at least twice as long. long as container length I, for example, approximately 2.5 times to 3.5 times as long.

The present invention has many advantages. In particular, it is possible to cool hot bulk materials 1 in the cooling tower 2 with superior efficiency. In addition, the cooling apparatus according to the invention has only a few mechanical components. Consequently, it is more favorable than prior art systems with respect to initial costs and maintenance. In addition, the amount of cooling air required by the present invention is less than in the prior art. Consequently, it is possible to measure the gas transport device 8 smaller than in the case of comparative cooling devices of the prior art. Any cleaning and dust removal devices subsequently connected to the withdrawal device 9 can also be smaller in size than in the prior art.

1. 1 Materiais a granel quentes
2. 2 Torre de resfriamento
3. 3 Eixo geométrico principal
4. 4 Fluxo de gás
5. 5 Dispositivo de suprimento
6. 6 Parede externa de torre
7. 7 Dispositivo de remoção
8. 8 Dispositivo de transporte de gás
9. 9 Dispositivo de retirada
10. 10 Paredes laterais
11. 12 Superfície de topo
12. 13 Meio de guia de fluxo de gás
13. 14 Entradas
14. 15 Saídas
15. 16 Região central
16. 17 Telhado
17. 18 Regiões laterais
18. 19 Região de Telhado
19. 20 Cubo
20. 21 Dispositivo de transporte contínuo
21. 22 Regiões de passagem
22. 23 Recipientes
23. h, H Alturas
24. l, L Comprimentos
25. n Velocidade
26. r, R Raios
27. x Direção de transporte
28. α Ângulo de materiais a granel
29. β Ângulo de inclinação

The above description serves only to explain the present invention. Listing Reference Numbers

1. 1 Hot bulk materials
2. 2 Cooling tower
3. 3 Main geometry axis
4. 4 Gas flow
5. 5 Supply device
6. 6 External tower wall
7. 7 Removal device
8. 8 Gas transport device
9. 9 Withdrawal device
10. 10 Side walls
11. 12 Top surface
12. 13 Gas flow guide medium
13. 14 Entries
14. 15 Outputs
15. 16 Central region
16. 17 Roof
17. 18 Lateral regions
18. 19 Roof Region
19. 20 Cube
20. 21 Continuous transport device
21. 22 regions of passage
22. 23 Containers
23. h, H Heights
24. l, L Lengths
25. n Speed
26. r, R Rays
27. x Direction of transport
28. α Angle of bulk materials
29. β Inclination angle

Claims (10)

Cooling apparatus for hot bulk materials (1), characterized by the fact that, - the cooling device has a cooling tower (2) with a vertical vertical main axis (3), in which the cooling tower for hot bulk materials (1) is cooled by means of a gas flow (4), - the cooling device has a supply device (5), whereby the hot bulk materials (1) are poured from above to the cooling tower (2), so that the bulk materials (1) are stacked on the cooling tower (2), - the cooling device has a removal device (7), whereby hot bulk materials (1), in the cold state, are removed from the bottom of the cooling tower (2), so that the materials to be hot bulk (1) remaining in the cooling tower (2) slide out downward, - the cooling device has a gas transport device (8), through which the gas flow (4) is transported through the cooling tower (2), - the cooling device has a distance-leading device (9), through which the gas flow (4) is conducted away from the cooling tower (2), - a plurality of gas flow guide means (13) is arranged in the cooling tower (2), said gas flow guide means, proceeding from inlets (14), which are arranged in the external tower wall (6), extending radially inward towards the main geometric axis (3), - the gas flow guide means (13) are made as elongated guide means, which, when viewed in their respective extension direction, by their length, have outlets (15) for the gas flow (4) , so that the gas flow (4) is directed to the hot bulk materials (1) located in the cooling tower (2), and - the gas flow guide means (13), when viewed in the direction of the main geometric axis (3), are arranged in the central region (16) of the cooling tower (2) and the device for driving away (9 ) is arranged in the upper region of the cooling tower (2), so that the gas flow (4) passes through the hot bulk materials (1) located in the cooling tower (2) from the bottom to the top. Cooling apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas flow guide means (13) form an inclination angle (p) with the horizontal, so that the gas flow guide means ( 13) tilt upwards towards the main geometric axis (3). Cooling apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the angle of inclination ((3) is selected so that it corresponds approximately to the angle of the bulk materials (a) than the hot bulk materials (1) form with the horizontal. Cooling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outlets (15) are arranged exclusively on the lower surface of the gas flow guide means (13). Cooling apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the gas flow guide means (13) in each case have two lateral regions (18) and a roof region (19) joining in a bridge the lateral regions (18), due to the fact that the lateral regions (18) extend substantially vertically and the fact that the roof region (19) has the shape of an inverted "V" in the cross section. Cooling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the gas flow guide means (13) extend as far as the main geometrical axis (3) or as far as a hub ( 20) arranged on the main geometric axis (3). Cooling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the device for driving away (9) is arranged on the outer tower wall (6). Cooling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the supply device (5) is in the form of a revolution chute. Cooling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the fact that - the cooling tower (2) is arranged in a building (10), whose side walls (11), proceeding from the bottom, extend as far as above the entrances (14), - the removal device (7) is arranged inside the building (10), so that the bulk materials (1) removed from the cooling tower (2) are initially located inside the building (10), (10) , - the cooling device has a continuous transport device (21), whereby the bulk materials (1) removed from the cooling tower (2) are taken away from the building - the continuous transport device (21) has passage type containers (23), which, when viewed transversely in relation to the transport direction (x), have a container cross section and, when viewed in the transport direction ( x), have a container length (I), - the containers (23) emerge from the building (10) and enter the building (10) through two passage regions (22), which are made as tunnels, and - the tunnel cross-section (22) is adapted to the container cross-section and the tunnels (22), when viewed in the transport direction (x), in each case, have a tunnel length (L), which is greater than the container length (I). Cooling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the gas transport device (8) is designed as a fan.

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