BR102022011517A2 - REVERSE LOGISTICS PROCESS FOR WASTE - Google Patents
REVERSE LOGISTICS PROCESS FOR WASTE Download PDFInfo
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- BR102022011517A2 BR102022011517A2 BR102022011517-6A BR102022011517A BR102022011517A2 BR 102022011517 A2 BR102022011517 A2 BR 102022011517A2 BR 102022011517 A BR102022011517 A BR 102022011517A BR 102022011517 A2 BR102022011517 A2 BR 102022011517A2
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- reverse logistics
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010817 post-consumer waste Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000001490 Dengue Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010012310 Dengue fever Diseases 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000025729 dengue disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000009182 Chikungunya Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000004293 Chikungunya Fever Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010035148 Plague Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000907316 Zika virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010922 glass waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010814 metallic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010816 packaging waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010819 recyclable waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002916 wood waste Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
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- G06Q50/28—
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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- Entrepreneurship & Innovation (AREA)
- Human Resources & Organizations (AREA)
- Marketing (AREA)
- Operations Research (AREA)
- Development Economics (AREA)
- Strategic Management (AREA)
- Tourism & Hospitality (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
Abstract
processo de logística reversa para resíduos. previsto e se perfazendo a partir de um software com algoritmo específico que executará a análise de dados e vendas de indústrias, de cujo resultado será possível determinar uma localização específica para a instalação de grandes lixeiras de descarte de resíduo, considerando o consumo e descarte regional. com previsão de solicitação de coleta por software pelo usuário final dos produtos que geraram resíduos, com o deslocamento de coletores até o local de solicitação para coleta dos resíduos em lixeiras posicionadas nos locais georreferenciados pelo volume de geração de resíduos. todo o processo é controlado por software de rastreamento. outro objetivo da presente patente é dar eficiência ao processo para eliminar a informalidade dos catadores de resíduos, proporcionando o tratamento adequado de formalização da profissão com rendimentos fixos pelo trabalho executado. a partir do processo dessa patente, a operação ocorrerá de forma humana, organizada e controlada, se tornando mais eficaz e barata.reverse logistics process for waste. foreseen and made up of software with a specific algorithm that will perform data analysis and industry sales, from the result of which it will be possible to determine a specific location for the installation of large waste disposal bins, considering regional consumption and disposal. with provision for a software collection request by the end user of the products that generated waste, with the movement of collectors to the place of request to collect the waste in bins positioned in locations georeferenced by the volume of waste generation. The entire process is controlled by tracking software. Another objective of this patent is to make the process more efficient to eliminate the informality of waste collectors, providing adequate treatment for formalizing the profession with fixed income for the work performed. Using this patent process, the operation will occur in a humane, organized and controlled manner, becoming more effective and cheaper.
Description
[001] A presente patente de invenção, tem por objetivo um método em processo que objetiva realizar a coleta de resíduos de maneira inteligente, eficaz, com custo eficiente e respeito humano às pessoas que estão envolvidas na coleta, contratando-as com carteira assinada (CLT) e garantindo todos os equipamentos de proteção (EPIs). .[001] The purpose of this invention patent is an in-process method that aims to collect waste in an intelligent, effective, cost-efficient manner and with human respect for the people involved in the collection, hiring them with a formal contract ( CLT) and ensuring all protective equipment (PPE). .
[002] Já são conhecidos sistemas de coleta de resíduos residenciais, comerciais e industriais no mundo todo. Os sistemas normalmente praticados preveem o método convencional através do qual o usuário/gerador acumula em seu local os resíduos resultantes do seu dia-a-dia. O acúmulo é realizado normalmente em sacos ou sacolas plásticas, podendo ainda ser acumulado em recipientes de outros materiais, tais como plástico, alumínio, papelão, ferro.[002] Residential, commercial and industrial waste collection systems are already known around the world. The systems normally practiced provide for the conventional method through which the user/generator accumulates waste resulting from their day-to-day activities on site. Accumulation is normally carried out in bags or plastic bags, and can also be accumulated in containers made of other materials, such as plastic, aluminum, cardboard, iron.
[003] Após acumular os resíduos, o indivíduo os retira do recipiente de acúmulo e os descarta na sua lixeira externa, em uma lixeira comunitária condominial ou em uma lixeira comunitária pública para que posteriormente possa ser recolhido pelo serviço público.[003] After accumulating the waste, the individual removes it from the accumulation container and discards it in their external bin, in a condominium community bin or in a public community bin so that it can later be collected by the public service.
[004] O serviço público de recolhimento de resíduos recolhe os recipientes deixados pelos indivíduos e realiza o transporte para áreas de descarte à céu aberto, aterros sanitários, ou centros especializados na separação dos resíduos entre reciclável ou não reciclável;[004] The public waste collection service collects containers left by individuals and transports them to open disposal areas, landfills, or centers specialized in separating waste into recyclable or non-recyclable;
[005] Nas últimas décadas, leis municipais, estaduais e governamentais foram criadas para regular o descarte correto de resíduos, determinando a obrigação para que os Estados reciclassem 95% do lixo gerado pela população, ou ainda que o indivíduo fosse obrigado a separar seus resíduos em dois recipientes, entre itens recicláveis ou orgânicos.[005] In recent decades, municipal, state and governmental laws have been created to regulate the correct disposal of waste, determining the obligation for States to recycle 95% of the waste generated by the population, or even for the individual to be obliged to separate their waste in two containers, between recyclable or organic items.
[006] Em muitos estabelecimentos também é possível encontrar lixeiras destinadas para acondicionamento de resíduos de lixo de papel, metal, orgânicos, plástico, vidro e madeira. Em estabelecimentos mais específicos, tais como hospitais e clínicas, é possível encontrar lixeiras destinadas ao acondicionamento de resíduos de lixo de materiais perigosos, contagiosos, pontiagudos. Sendo o objetivo, em todos os casos, separar de forma adequada o descarte de resíduos de maneira que favoreça a correta destinação do conteúdo.[006] In many establishments it is also possible to find bins designed to store paper, metal, organic, plastic, glass and wood waste. In more specific establishments, such as hospitals and clinics, it is possible to find bins designed to store hazardous, contagious and sharp waste materials. The objective, in all cases, is to adequately separate the disposal of waste in a way that favors the correct destination of the contents.
[007] Há um movimento global de minimização dos impactos da poluição provocada pelos resíduos. Foram criadas leis que determinam que entidades do governo ou privadas recolham as embalagens dos seus produtos após serem consumidos. Podem surgir incentivos fiscais para as entidades que forem capazes de reintegrar suas embalagens descartadas após o uso. Os resíduos podem ser reaproveitados em finalidades tais como artesanato, reuso, reciclagem, matéria prima, energia e outros. Regras, normas, leis, normas sociais, condominiais, campanhas de incentivo, foram criadas com o propósito de garantir o correto acondicionamento dos resíduos de lixo pelos indivíduos, a correta coleta e destinação de resíduos.[007] There is a global movement to minimize the impacts of pollution caused by waste. Laws have been created that determine that government or private entities collect the packaging of their products after they are consumed. Tax incentives may arise for entities that are able to reintegrate their discarded packaging after use. Waste can be reused for purposes such as crafts, reuse, recycling, raw materials, energy and others. Rules, standards, laws, social and condominium standards, incentive campaigns, were created with the purpose of ensuring the correct packaging of garbage waste by individuals, the correct collection and disposal of waste.
[008] De outro lado, tem-se que o descarte correto de resíduos é de extrema importância também em razão do fator da prevenção da saúde dos indivíduos da sociedade. O descarte incorreto de lixo leva à atração de vetores de doenças que assolam a humanidade, destacando dentre outros a Dengue, Zika virose e Febre Chikungunya, doenças que vêm apresentando destaque nos grandes centros urbanos.[008] On the other hand, the correct disposal of waste is extremely important also due to the factor of preventing the health of individuals in society. Incorrect waste disposal leads to the attraction of vectors of diseases that plague humanity, highlighting among others Dengue, Zika virus and Chikungunya Fever, diseases that have been prominent in large urban centers.
[009] De acordo com a Pesquisa Nacional de Saneamento Básico, em 2012, 37,0% dos resíduos coletados em área urbana foram depositados em aterros sanitários, 36,2% direcionados a aterros controlados, 22,5% em lixões a céu aberto, 2,9% em compostagem, 1,0% passaram por coleta seletiva e 0,4% queimados em incineradores (IBGE, 2012). Isso significa que o lixo doméstico é coletado pelo serviço de limpeza urbana municipal e descartado sem qualquer preparo. Tal fato acarreta grandes problemas de saúde pública e danos ao meio ambiente.[009] According to the National Basic Sanitation Survey, in 2012, 37.0% of waste collected in urban areas was deposited in landfills, 36.2% sent to controlled landfills, 22.5% in open dumps , 2.9% in composting, 1.0% went through selective collection and 0.4% burned in incinerators (IBGE, 2012). This means that domestic waste is collected by the municipal urban cleaning service and discarded without any preparation. This fact causes major public health problems and damage to the environment.
[010] Dentro desse cenário, o Suplemento de Saneamento Básico da MUNIC 2017 investigou, junto às prefeituras, a ocorrência de endemias ou epidemias associadas ao saneamento básico nos últimos 12 meses anteriores à data da entrevista. Em 2017, - 1.501 municípios reportaram ocorrência de endemias ou epidemias de dengue. O acúmulo de lixo nos domicílios e nas ruas, decorrente da coleta irregular, favorece, por sua vez, o acúmulo das águas das chuvas, sendo outro fator de risco (IBGE, 2017).[010] Within this scenario, the MUNIC 2017 Basic Sanitation Supplement investigated, together with city halls, the occurrence of endemic diseases or epidemics associated with basic sanitation in the last 12 months prior to the date of the interview. In 2017, - 1,501 municipalities reported the occurrence of dengue endemics or epidemics. The accumulation of garbage in homes and on the streets, resulting from irregular collection, favors, in turn, the accumulation of rainwater, being another risk factor (IBGE, 2017).
[011] Estas informações destacam a necessidade do descarte adequado dos resíduos pela população, bem como o correto manejo, coleta, transforme e destinação pelas entidades públicas e privadas.[011] This information highlights the need for adequate disposal of waste by the population, as well as correct management, collection, transformation and disposal by public and private entities.
[012] Não obstante, o art. 3° da lei 12.305 de 2010 formaliza que a responsabilidade compartilhada pela destinação correta de resíduos sólidos inicia-se pelo indivíduo que gera (gerador), tal qual a responsabilidade sobre os custos de coletar, tratar e destinar o seu resíduo. E conforme Art. 19 é fundamental a identificação do gerador sujeito ao plano de gerenciamento de resíduos ou a logística reversa.[012] However, art. 3rd of law 12,305 of 2010 formalizes that the shared responsibility for the correct disposal of solid waste begins with the individual who generates it (generator), as well as the responsibility for the costs of collecting, treating and disposing of their waste. And according to Art. 19, it is essential to identify the generator subject to the waste management plan or reverse logistics.
[013] Dentro deste contexto, atualmente o acondicionamento dos resíduos de lixo é realizado em embalagens de diversos materiais e formas, tais como sacos plásticos, de papel, caixas de papelão ou de plásticos. Tais recipientes comumente são utilizados pelos indivíduos e descartados conforme o seu local de convívio. Referidos recipientes são acondicionadores simples, de fechamento e manuseio higiênico e permitem a coleta, transporte e destinação de maneira útil, porém simplificada. Referidos recipientes não permitem ser identificados e rastreados até sua destinação final.[013] Within this context, currently the packaging of garbage waste is carried out in packaging made of different materials and shapes, such as plastic bags, paper bags, cardboard or plastic boxes. Such containers are commonly used by individuals and discarded depending on where they live. Said containers are simple packaging, closing and hygienic handling and allow collection, transportation and disposal in a useful, but simplified manner. These containers cannot be identified and tracked until their final destination.
[014] A presente patente de invenção objetiva um processo inteligente, eficaz e barato de coleta de resíduos recicláveis, que facilitará às grandes indústrias geradoras de produtos, que após o seu consumo se transformam em resíduos, controle e acompanhamento dos descartes e coletas de tais resíduos. Permitirá ainda a geração de empregos e regularização de pessoas que já fazem a coleta por conta própria, como por exemplo os catadores e carroceiros que circulam nos grandes centros urbanos. Eles serão contratados com carteira assinada (CLT) e terão todos os equipamentos de proteção (EPIs) para trabalhar. Além de minimizar os impactos sociais e qualidade de vida dos indivíduos da população, bem como permitir que empresas consigam identificar e rastrear as embalagens descartadas pelo consumidor após o consumo, consistindo em uma patente de invenção de “PROCESSO DE LOGÍSTICA REVERSA PARA RESÍDUOS” previsto e se perfazendo a partir de um software com algoritmo específico que executará a análise de dados e vendas de indústrias, de cujo resultado será possível determinar uma localização específica ou aproximada da geração dos resíduos de embalagens pós consumo daquela indústria. Uma vez identificado locais, volume e frequencia é possível sistematizar e roteirizar da coleta da forma mais eficiente.[014] The present invention patent aims at an intelligent, effective and cheap process for collecting recyclable waste, which will make it easier for large industries that generate products, which after consumption become waste, to control and monitor the disposal and collection of such waste. waste. It will also allow the creation of jobs and regularization of people who already collect on their own, such as collectors and cart drivers who travel in large urban centers. They will be hired with a formal contract (CLT) and will have all protective equipment (PPE) to work. In addition to minimizing the social impacts and quality of life of individuals in the population, as well as allowing companies to identify and track packaging discarded by the consumer after consumption, consisting of a patent for the invention of a “REVERSE LOGISTICS PROCESS FOR WASTE” provided for and made up of software with a specific algorithm that will perform data analysis and sales of industries, from which the result will be possible to determine a specific or approximate location of the generation of post-consumer packaging waste from that industry. Once locations, volume and frequency have been identified, it is possible to systematize and schedule collection in the most efficient way.
[015] Após a identificação dos pontos de geração concentrada de resíduos, lixeiras são disponibilizadas para armazenamento temporário e coletores são direcionados especificamente para os locais necessários a fim de realizar a retirada dos resíduos.[015] After identifying the points of concentrated waste generation, bins are made available for temporary storage and collectors are specifically directed to the necessary locations in order to remove the waste.
[016] Em seguida, o trajeto e destino do resíduo coletado são acompanhados pelo software de algoritmo específico, permitindo controle do resíduo desde o seu ponto de origem até o descarte definitivo, garantido uma coleta corretamente destinada.[016] Then, the path and destination of the collected waste are monitored by specific algorithm software, allowing control of the waste from its point of origin to definitive disposal, ensuring correctly destined collection.
[017] O processo conta com um sistema de solicitação de coleta via software. A partir de referida solicitação, e dependendo da origem da solicitação, coletores são deslocados para realizar a retirada do resíduo. Dependendo da topografia e da distância do local de coleta, os coletores poderão se deslocar com carrinhos de mão, bicicletas, triciclos, motocicletas ou carros.[017] The process has a collection request system via software. Based on this request, and depending on the origin of the request, collectors are moved to remove the waste. Depending on the topography and distance from the collection site, collectors may travel with wheelbarrows, bicycles, tricycles, motorcycles or cars.
[018] A solicitação de coleta ou disponibilização de sacolas de materiais é realizada a partir do aplicativo do usuário final dos produtos que geraram resíduos. Os coletores se deslocam até o local de solicitação para coleta dos resíduos e em seguida retiram nas grandes lixeiras posicionadas nos locais georreferenciados pelo volume de geração de resíduos.[018] The request for collection or availability of bags of materials is made from the end user application of the products that generated waste. Collectors travel to the requested location to collect waste and then remove it from large bins positioned in locations georeferenced by the volume of waste generation.
[019] Para as lixeiras com sensor de volume , a partir do momento em que estiverem com seu volume completo, o software emitirá um aviso à central de coleta por caminhões, que providenciará a retirada e transporte até a usina de reciclagem.[019] For bins with a volume sensor, as soon as they reach their full volume, the software will issue a warning to the truck collection center, which will arrange for the collection and transportation to the recycling plant.
[020] Outro objetivo da presente patente é ajudat a diminuir a informalidade dos catadores de resíduos, proporcionando o tratamento adequado de formalização da profissão com rendimentos fixos pelo trabalho executado.[020] Another objective of the present patent is to help reduce the informality of waste collectors, providing adequate treatment for formalizing the profession with fixed income for the work performed.
[021] Além disso, o presente processo evita que os resíduos sejam transportados/tratados/trabalhados por mais de duas pessoas/empresas, tais como sucateiros e atravessadores, o que ocorre atualmente de forma indevida e ineficaz. Dessa maneira, a partir do processo dessa patente, a operação ocorrerá de forma humana, organizada e controlada, se tornando mais eficaz e barata.[021] Furthermore, this process prevents waste from being transported/treated/worked by more than two people/companies, such as scrap dealers and middlemen, which currently occurs improperly and ineffectively. In this way, based on the process of this patent, the operation will occur in a humane, organized and controlled manner, becoming more effective and cheaper.
Claims (6)
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BR102022011517-6A BR102022011517A2 (en) | 2022-06-10 | 2022-06-10 | REVERSE LOGISTICS PROCESS FOR WASTE |
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