BR102020020551A2 - Use of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in the manufacture of soil-cement blocks - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention patent consists of the development of a new methodology for the reuse of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in soil-cement blocks. The proposed patent uses polyethylene terephthalate (PET), resulting from its improper disposal of plastic products such as bottles, food packaging, beverages in general, bags, among other post-consumer and/or industrial products. Thus, the process of reusing this residue for applications in construction materials consists of drying this residue at room temperature and cleaning it before reusing it, and subsequent grinding/crushing, making the material with granulometry compatible with the manufactured block. The results found indicated an improvement in the mechanical properties of the material with regard to water absorption and simple compressive strength. The processing of this patent is intended for the civil construction sector for the manufacture of construction materials.

Description

USE OF ETHYLENE POLYTEREPHTHALATE (PET) IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOIL-CEMENT BLOCKS

[001] The present Patent of Invention aims to develop a new methodology for the reuse of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in soil-cement blocks. The object of the invention patent on canvas is intended for the civil construction sector.

[002] The use of soil-cement blocks has a great financial, technical and environmental impact.

[003] The proposed patent uses polyethylene terephthalate (PET), resulting from its improper disposal of plastic products such as bottles, food packaging, beverages in general, bags, among other post-consumer and/or industrial products.

[004] The great disposal of recycled plastic products generates great impacts for the environment due to its extensive degradation time and inadequate destination in landfills and open pits, and thus, its reuse allows its incorporation as an aggregate in materials of construction.

[005] The world production of plastic waste is about 300 million tons annually, with only 9% of the plastic waste generated being recycled and 14% collected for recycling. In the oceans, 90% of the plastics generated on the planet are deposited. Plastics are used in large quantities due to their beneficial properties such as lightness, high strength and flexibility in transforming into different shapes. Currently, several researches have been carried out in order to forward it to a suitable destination and simultaneously to ensure the feasibility of its use in some type of material in civil construction.

[006] It is important to highlight that certain types of waste can be used in different ways, innovating certain standard processes, and thus collaborating not only with the environmental issue, but also with the unnecessary expenditure of time, energy and hand. of work.

[007] Thus, the process of reusing this residue for applications in construction materials consists of drying this residue at room temperature and cleaning it before reusing it, and subsequent grinding/crushing, making the material with granulometry compatible with the manufactured block.

[008] Soil-cement blocks, with the potential to incorporate polyethylene terephthalate (PET) are produced based on soil, water and cement, that is, raw materials of easy access. These materials come in different concentrations and proportions according to the application they are intended for, being able to highlight the applications without large applied loads, such as sealing.

[009] The use of PET waste, from post-consumption actions, in the incorporation and/or replacement of components of construction materials, minimizes the environmental impact derived from the disposal of this material in the environment, provides a reduction in the consumption of raw material natural and reduces costs in relation to traditional masonry, in addition to improving the technological properties of new materials.

[0010] The Invention Patent "USE OF ETHYLENE POLYTEREPHTHALATE (PET) IN THE MANUFACTURING OF SOIL-CEMENT BLOCKS" has as an innovation the incorporation of a solid industrial residue in construction materials by solid and crushed way that produces an increase in technological properties of materials.

The process of incorporating recycled PET waste into building materials

[0011] The plastic industry is present all over the world, and one of the consequences of its growth is the large generation of waste. These residues, when used in the incorporation of a certain type of construction material, go through certain processes that are common, that is, they are submitted to the stage of cleaning, drying, crushing and sieving. These processes are carried out because the residue is in the raw form and needs to acquire adequate granulometry for better mixing.

[0012] In order to innovate with the incorporation of PET waste in construction materials, a new manufacturing methodology was developed with this waste for soil-cement blocks. In this process, the recycled waste partially replaces the amount of soil used in production, that is, it manages to reduce the amount of natural raw material.

• a. Foi determinada o solo adequado para produção da massa do bloco de solo-cimento por meio de ensaios de caracterização;
• b. A fração de umidade que deveria ser adicionada na massa do bloco foi determinada por meio de análises tecnológicas padrões, como limites de consistência e compactação de Proctor;
• c. O traço escolhido para proporções solo: cimento foi de 8:1; sendo 8 para solo e 1 para cimento;
• d. O resíduo foi variado em três proporções (10%, 20%, 30%), além do testemunho (0%);
• e. O solo, água, cimento e o resíduo de PET foram misturados mecanicamente, com auxílio de misturador para homogeneização completa da mistura;
• f. Após a homogeneização da mistura, o bloco de solo-cimento foi moldado por meio de prensa manual, adquirindo a sua compactação adequada;
• g. Os resultados encontrados indicaram melhora nas propriedades mecânicas do material no que diz respeito a absorção de água e resistência à compressão simples.

[0013] Thus, the following methodology was developed:

• The. The soil suitable for the production of the soil-cement block mass was determined through characterization tests;
• B. The fraction of moisture that should be added to the block mass was determined through standard technological analyses, such as Proctor's consistency limits and compaction;
• ç. The mix chosen for soil:cement ratios was 8:1; being 8 for soil and 1 for cement;
• d. The residue was varied in three proportions (10%, 20%, 30%), in addition to the core (0%);
• and. Soil, water, cement and PET residue were mechanically mixed, with the aid of a mixer for complete homogenization of the mixture;
• f. After homogenization of the mixture, the soil-cement block was molded using a manual press, acquiring adequate compaction;
• g. The results found indicated an improvement in the mechanical properties of the material with regard to water absorption and simple compressive strength.

[0014] The blocks showed as a sustainable alternative for the civil construction sector.

Claims (7)

The Invention Patent "USE OF ETHYLENE POLYTEREPHTHALATE (PET) IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOIL-CEMENT BLOCKS", characterized by the fact that the development of a new methodology for incorporating plastic waste into construction materials, in the case of this patent, the blocks of soil-cement. The Patent of Invention “USE OF POLYETHYLENE POLYTEREPHTHALATE (PET) IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOIL-CEMENT BLOCKS”, characterized by the high consumption of polyethylene terephthalate and inadequate disposal in the environment, in addition to the high environmental impacts of the production process of traditional materials . The Invention Patent “USE OF ETHYLENE POLYTEREPHTHALATE (PET) IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOIL-CEMENT BLOCKS”, characterized by the need for proper disposal of PET waste. Post-consumer plastic is quite outdated due to the high level of contaminants and odors. Post-consumer plastic waste is treated through downcycling processes, as existing technologies are not prepared to remove all contaminants and impurities. Innovative decontamination is a necessary technology to prepare recycled material for specific applications for its reinsertion into a new production chain, encouraging value to the new product. The Invention Patent “USE OF ETHYLENE POLYTEREPHTHALATE (PET) IN THE MANUFACTURING OF SOIL-CEMENT BLOCKS”, characterized by the use of this residue to reduce the amount of natural raw material used and not have burning in its manufacturing process in relation to the traditional, resulting in the reduction of environmental impacts. The Patent of Invention “USE OF ETHYLENE POLYTEREPHTHALATE (PET) IN THE MANUFACTURING OF SOIL-CEMENT BLOCKS”, characterized by the development of a methodology for mixing and processing the waste in its post-consumer recycled form for applications in new construction materials, expanded in concepts of sustainable development and circular economy for the construction sector. The Invention Patent “USE OF ETHYLENE POLYTEREPHTHALATE (PET) IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOIL-CEMENT BLOCKS”, characterized by cost reduction of up to 40% in relation to traditional masonry. The Invention Patent “USE OF ETHYLENE POLYTEREPHTHALATE (PET) IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOIL-CEMENT BLOCKS”, characterized by the increase in the technological properties of the materials, with the incorporation of polyethylene terephthalate, enabling the application of these materials in civil construction.

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